CN104762435B - A kind of method for improving converter hot metal ratio and reducing smelting cost - Google Patents

A kind of method for improving converter hot metal ratio and reducing smelting cost Download PDF

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CN104762435B
CN104762435B CN201510122207.0A CN201510122207A CN104762435B CN 104762435 B CN104762435 B CN 104762435B CN 201510122207 A CN201510122207 A CN 201510122207A CN 104762435 B CN104762435 B CN 104762435B
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slag
converter
steel
lime
hot metal
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CN104762435A (en
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吴国平
蔡可森
王攀峰
周桂成
曹余良
张小伟
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Nanjing Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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Nanjing Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of method for improving converter hot metal ratio and reducing smelting cost, using molten iron is cheap, advantage of steady quality, pass through self-produced waste steel recycling total amount in Computer Corp., improve pneumatic steelmaking hot metal ratio, reduce into stove metal charge cost, the heat brought simultaneously using molten iron is had more than needed, it have studied into stove molten iron proper ratio, stay the problems such as few slag operation of slag, converter thermal balance, converter slag-making auxiliary material substitute, smelting process dephosphorization controls, reaching reduces converter iron and steel stock, slag charge cost, medium cost, realize it is negative can make steel, the purpose of energy-saving and emission-reduction.

Description

A kind of method for improving converter hot metal ratio and reducing smelting cost
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of process for making of field of metallurgy, and in particular to a kind of method for making steel for reducing smelting cost.
Background technology
Converter current hot metal in steelmaking ratio uses a large amount of outsourcing steel scraps in 80-85% or so, converter, and the good and bad jumbled together for waste steel quality Fluctuate larger, and outsourcing steel scrap price is higher.Opposite, iron ore price continues to fall, and molten iron is cheap and steady quality, According to existing market situation, the advantage of molten iron how is made full use of, avoids largely using outsourcing steel scrap, ensure art production process Smelting cost is reduced while stable, turns into the important research topic of steel mill.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method for making steel, makes full use of molten steel quality stabilization, cheap advantage, By self-produced waste steel recycling total amount in Computer Corp., transform ladle, improve pneumatic steelmaking hot metal ratio, reduce into stove metal charge into This, while the heat brought using molten iron is had more than needed, have studied into stove molten iron proper ratio, stay the few slag operation of slag, converter thermal balance, The problems such as converter slag-making auxiliary material substitutes, the control of smelting process dephosphorization, reaching reduces converter iron and steel stock, slag charge cost, medium cost (reduce oxygen consumption), realize it is negative can make steel, energy-saving and emission-reduction, the purpose for greatly reducing smelting cost.To realize above-mentioned hair Improving eyesight, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of method for improving converter hot metal ratio and reducing smelting cost, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1), ladle dilatation, high hot metal ratio charge weight is ensured
Ladle containment wall thickness and bag base thickness degree are thinned, improve ladle maximum charge weight；
(2) had more than needed using high molten iron specific heat amount, calculate slag making auxiliary material replacement amount
By converter material and heat Balance Calculation, molten iron charge weight is improved, steel scrap charge weight is reduced, is improved according to hot metal ratio Heat have more than needed, stay quantity of slag 8-10 tons operate, control total quantity of slag≤90kg/t steel, calculate the active lime for meeting slag making requirement Usage amount, light dolomite dosage, unprocessed dolomite dosage；
(3) dephosphorizing process substitutes amount of activated lime, the control point of smelting process dephosphorization rate using lime stone, unprocessed dolomite Analysis, ensure converter dephosphorization effect；
Dephosphorization is former as the most important slag making of converter dephosphorization as one of most important task of converter, generally use lime Material.Dephosphorizing process of the present invention substitutes amount of activated lime using lime stone, unprocessed dolomite, and whether lime stone is using to converter dephosphorization Have an impactBy analyzing each stage converter P removal rate of amount of lime, with reference to P in each stage vessel slag2O5Content, according to lime Stone early stage, interim response mechanism, analysis show that different lime stone usage amounts influences on each stage converter dephosphorization rate, due to lime A large amount of CO are produced in stone course of reaction2, dynamic conditions is preferable, and dephosphorization is more stable, does not make a difference, as shown in Figure 1.
(4) lime stone adds opportunity determination, ensures that process production is stable
Point 2 batches of all additions before beginning and duration of blast 30% is bessemerized of converter lime stone, unprocessed dolomite.
Using converter surplus heat, lime stone is up to 40kg/t steel using total amount, has reached domestic highest level, to big Amount lime stone, unprocessed dolomite feed postition have carried out 4 kinds of experiments, and (four kinds of converters charging test models are respectively：Before bessemerizing Phase, mid-term add；Bessemerize early stage, latter stage adds；Bessemerize and all add early stage；Tasted according to molten iron temperature (physical thermal) Have a try test blowing the first batch of material and 30% add), by analyze lime stone, unprocessed dolomite in Converter calcining and decomposing speed, Converter steelmaking process temperature, slag melting situation, molten iron temperature, lime stone add when fire door smoke condition, to converter 5 minutes, 15 minutes slag specimens have carried out material phase analysis (as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3), it is determined that converter lime stone, unprocessed dolomite are being bessemerized out Begin to divide 2 batches all to add before (about duration of blast 4%) and duration of blast 30%.
(5) slag, few slag operation process step control are stayed
Using staying slag, few slag operation, it is necessary to liquid slag in stove is fully cured, could not occurred when loading molten iron Vigorous splash, avoid triggering serious accident.
(6) improve RECOVERY OF CONVERTER GAS, reduce oxygen consumption
Sintered active lime and light dolomite comprise only minimal amount of CO2, use lime stone, unprocessed dolomite replacement portion Divide active lime, light dolomite converter slag-making, the CO decomposited2Occur instead of partial oxidation and Fe, [Si], [Mn], [C] etc. Oxidation reaction generates CO, and improve coal-gas recovering reduces oxygen consumption simultaneously.
The present invention has the advantages that：
1st, hot metal ratio is improved, use quality is stable, cheap molten iron instead of the higher outsourcing steel scrap of price, enters stove Metal charge cost reduces 2827 yuan/stove, and 18.2 yuan/ton of steel of ton steel cost, entering stove metal charge cost year reduces by 82,070,000 yuan.
2nd, the heat improved according to hot metal ratio is had more than needed, and is stayed quantity of slag 8-10 tons to operate, is controlled total quantity of slag≤90kg/t steel, actual Active lime usage amount is reduced to 22kg/t steel or so by 47kg/t steel in production, light dolomite dosage is reduced by 22kg/t steel To 10kg/t steel or so, unprocessed dolomite dosage increase 17kg/t steel or so, had more than needed using high molten iron specific heat amount, cost of supplementary product can be with Reduce by 9.026 yuan/ton of steel, year cost of supplementary product reduce by 4061.7 ten thousand yuan.
3rd, the outer of quality fluctuation instead of by self-produced waste steel recycling total amount in Computer Corp., the stable molten iron of use quality Steel scrap is purchased, steel scrap charge weight is reduced to 15 tons by 26 tons, all using self-produced steel scrap, without purchasing outsourcing steel scrap, molten iron at present Recovery rate stabilization is only 88% in 92.5%, outsourcing steel scrap recovery rate, and iron and steel stock recovery rate improves 495kg/ after improving hot metal ratio Stove, ton steel iron and steel stock reduce 3.19kg/t steel or so, and ton steel reduces by 5.23 yuan/ton of steel of cost, reduces cost 2355.65 ten thousand year Member.
4th, amount of activated lime is instead of using lime stone, unprocessed dolomite using heat is more than needed, lime stone, unprocessed dolomite burn CO during knot2No longer be discharged into air, lime stone, unprocessed dolomite are sintered in converter and sintered, under high-temperature condition with iron C content is reacted in water, produces CO, is added RECOVERY OF CONVERTER GAS, is reduced the consumption of converter oxygen, reduces CO2Discharge capacity, it is living Lime usage amount is reduced to 22kg/t steel or so to property by 47kg/t steel, light dolomite dosage is reduced to 10kg/t by 22kg/t steel Steel or so, CO2Discharge capacity reduces 11.91m3/t steel, year CO2Discharge capacity reduces 53595000m3；Oxygen consumption reduces 5.99m3/t Steel or so, year oxygen consumption reduction 26955000m3；Add RECOVERY OF CONVERTER GAS 7.59m3/t steel, year increase coal-gas recovering 34155000m3。
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is phosphorus content distribution map corresponding to different lime stone usage amounts；
Fig. 2 is 5 minutes slag specimen material phase analysis figures of converter；
Fig. 3 is 15 minutes slag specimen material phase analysis figures of converter.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed with reference to specific embodiment.
A kind of high hot metal ratio of converter reduces the technique of smelting cost, loads ratio by improving converter molten iron, utilizes heat Slag, few slag operation are stayed in realization more than needed, stay quantity of slag 8-10 tons to operate, control total quantity of slag≤90kg/t steel, while have more than needed using heat Reaching reduces converter iron and steel stock, slag charge cost, medium cost, realize it is negative can make steel, the purpose of energy-saving and emission-reduction.
The present embodiment selects certain heat of iron company 14207054, steel grade S355J-2, and whole converter steelmaking process control is such as Under：
(1) steel grade converter subject component (%)
(2) converter enters stove metal charge loading system and hot metal composition
Needed because hot metal ratio improves, to ladle whole dilatation, containment wall thickness be thinned to 140mm by original 178mm, Bag base thickness degree is thinned to 320mm by original 370mm, and ladle maximum charge weight is improved to 160t by 152t.
By converter material and heat Balance Calculation, molten iron charge weight is improved to 157 tons or so by 146 tons or so, and steel scrap fills Enter amount and be reduced to 15 tons or so by 26 tons or so, had more than needed according to the heat that hot metal ratio improves, stay quantity of slag 8-10 tons to operate, control is total The quantity of slag≤90kg/t steel, calculate and meet that the general 22kg/t steel of slag making requirement active lime usage amount, light dolomite dosage are big General 10kg/t steel, the general 17kg/t steel of unprocessed dolomite dosage.
The present embodiment design parameter is as follows：
According to current hot metal composition, molten iron proportion is improved to 91.34% by original 84.8%.
(3) auxiliary material adds time and addition
Slag splashing terminates, and in order to solidify clinker, adds light dolomite 800kg, blowing starts 4% and adds whole stones Ash, light dolomite, unprocessed dolomite and lime stone 4500kg, blow the 25% remaining lime stone 2000kg of addition, in converting process Control converting process temperature of partly returning mine is added, ensures that process temperature uniformly rises, outlet temperature, composition hit steel grade target.
(4) TSC, TSO situation
C (%) T(℃) O(ppm)
TSC 0.25 1599
TSO 0.08 1641 302
Converting process sublance measurement TSC, TSO composition, temperature hit scope, such a auxiliary material structure are (auxiliary in step (3) Material structure) adjustment can meet converter thermal balance, high molten iron specific heat amount is more than needed to be fully used.
(5) terminal Composition Control
Converter terminal composition hits steel grade target component, and dephosphorization rate 91.30%, dephosphorization rate is relatively stable, such a auxiliary material knot Structure can be with stable application and production.
(6) quantity of slag, slag splashing and clinker solidification control are stayed
Tapping terminates rear deslagging and splashes slag, stays about 9 tons, slag splashing pressure 1.10MPa, slag splashing time 284s of the quantity of slag, Nitrogen cools, and is cooled down high temperature furnace slag, and high-melting-point phase (dicalcium silicate, tricalcium silicate) separates out from liquid slag, forms analysis Go out the clinker system that high-melting-point phase mutually coexists with " RO " (FeO etc.), splash and 800kg light dolomites and liquid are added after slag terminates " RO " phase separation, while front and rear grate 2 times, improve remaining melt cinder CaO, content of MgO, solidify clinker, add after steel scrap again Front and rear grate 1 time, further solidifies clinker, it is ensured that clinker is fully cured, and ensures iron making safety.
(7) performance summary
14207054 heat molten iron are improved to 91.34% by 84.8%, and quality ripple is instead of using the molten iron of steady quality Dynamic outsourcing steel scrap, steel technology 1072.1kg/t steel, reduces 3.4kg/t steel；Lime consumption 20.79kg/t steel, reduce 26.5kg/t steel, consumption of limestone add 38.94kg/t steel；Light dolomite consumption reduces 14.07kg/t steel, raw white Marble consumption increase only 16.55kg/t steel；Coal-gas recovering is up to 121.2m3/t steel, adds 5.26m3/t steel；Oxygen consumes 45.63m3/t steel, reduce 4.21m3/t steel；The technique of smelting cost is greatly reduced in the high hot metal ratio of converter, by improving converter Molten iron loads ratio, stays the few slag operation of slag using heat realization of having more than needed, has reached reduction converter iron and steel stock, slag charge cost, medium Cost, realize it is negative can make steel, the purpose of energy-saving and emission-reduction.

Claims (2)

  1. A kind of 1. method for improving converter hot metal ratio and reducing smelting cost, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
    （One）, ladle dilatation, ensure high hot metal ratio charge weight
    Ladle containment wall thickness and bag base thickness degree are thinned, improve ladle maximum charge weight；
    （Two）Had more than needed using high molten iron specific heat amount, calculate slag making auxiliary material replacement amount
    By converter material and heat Balance Calculation, molten iron charge weight is improved, reduces steel scrap charge weight, the heat improved according to hot metal ratio Amount is more than needed, stays quantity of slag 8-10 tons to operate, controls total quantity of slag≤90kg/t steel, calculates and meets that the active lime of slag making requirement uses Amount, light dolomite dosage, unprocessed dolomite dosage；
    （Three）Dephosphorizing process substitutes amount of activated lime using lime stone, unprocessed dolomite, the control analysis of smelting process dephosphorization rate, protects Demonstrate,prove converter dephosphorization effect；
    （Four）Lime stone adds opportunity determination, ensures that process production is stable
    Blowing starts 4% and adds whole lime, light dolomite, unprocessed dolomite and part lime stones, and blowing 25% adds remaining stone Lime stone, part is added in converting process and is returned mine control converting process temperature, ensures that process temperature uniformly rises, outlet temperature, into Divide hit steel grade target；
    （Five）Stay slag, few slag operation process step control
    Using slag, few slag operation is stayed, liquid slag in stove is fully cured, avoids that vigorous splash occurs when loading molten iron, Trigger serious accident；
    （Six）Improve RECOVERY OF CONVERTER GAS, reduce oxygen consumption
    Amount of activated lime, light dolomite converter slag-making, the CO decomposited are substituted using lime stone, unprocessed dolomite2Instead of part Oxidation reaction generation CO occurs for oxygen and Fe, [Si], [Mn], [C] etc., and improve coal-gas recovering reduces oxygen consumption simultaneously.
  2. A kind of 2. method for improving converter hot metal ratio and reducing smelting cost as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that liquid slag Quick curing method is as follows：
    （1）Tapping terminates rear deslagging operation, stays quantity of slag 8-10 tons；
    （2）Realize that slag splashing operates, slag splashing pressure >=1.00MPa, part clinker is splashed to furnace lining surface and directly solidified；
    （3）Nitrogen cools, and high-melting-point mutually separates out from liquid slag, forms the clinker system that precipitated phase mutually coexists with " RO "；
    （4）Slag splashing terminates to propose a small amount of active lime of rifle addition or light dolomite and liquid " RO " phase separation, improves remaining Melt cinder CaO, content of MgO, make its rapid curing；
    （5）Grate confirms clinker solidification；
    （6）Steel scrap is added, further cools and solidifies clinker；
    （7）Effect is fully cured in manual confirmation clinker before iron making.
CN201510122207.0A 2015-03-19 2015-03-19 A kind of method for improving converter hot metal ratio and reducing smelting cost Active CN104762435B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108265150B (en) * 2018-02-28 2019-06-28 钢铁研究总院 A kind of converter high-strength complex blows full raw material slagging method of double slag technique dephosphorization phases
CN111549196A (en) * 2019-02-10 2020-08-18 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 Steelmaking operation method for replacing coolant with scrap steel broken material
CN111624324A (en) * 2020-04-16 2020-09-04 河钢乐亭钢铁有限公司 Method for testing quality of steel scrap for steelmaking by using converter
CN111575431A (en) * 2020-05-22 2020-08-25 山东钢铁股份有限公司 Method for increasing CO content of converter gas
CN111876549A (en) * 2020-07-01 2020-11-03 石横特钢集团有限公司 Converter high-iron ratio smelting process
CN115612777A (en) * 2022-10-21 2023-01-17 江苏沙钢集团有限公司 Converter clean smelting method for efficient dephosphorization

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CN102965465A (en) * 2012-11-21 2013-03-13 首钢总公司 Method for curing converter slag
CN104388625A (en) * 2014-11-13 2015-03-04 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 Method for reducing solvent consumption under slag remaining condition of converter

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CN104073586B (en) * 2014-07-04 2016-03-02 秦皇岛首秦金属材料有限公司 A kind of method of converter operation of Wingdale low phosphorus steel by smelting

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102965465A (en) * 2012-11-21 2013-03-13 首钢总公司 Method for curing converter slag
CN104388625A (en) * 2014-11-13 2015-03-04 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 Method for reducing solvent consumption under slag remaining condition of converter

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