CN104760931A - Reaction device and application of photocatalytic hydrogen production from water - Google Patents
Reaction device and application of photocatalytic hydrogen production from water Download PDFInfo
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- CN104760931A CN104760931A CN201510116629.7A CN201510116629A CN104760931A CN 104760931 A CN104760931 A CN 104760931A CN 201510116629 A CN201510116629 A CN 201510116629A CN 104760931 A CN104760931 A CN 104760931A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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Abstract
The invention discloses a reaction device and an application of photocatalytic hydrogen production from water. The reaction device includes a shell, a photo anode, a cathode rotor and an ionic membrane. The photo anode, the cathode rotor and the ionic membrane are arranged in the shell. The shell is composed of a light-transmitting upper cover, a light-transmitting lower cover and a shell. The light-transmitting upper cover is provided with an anode water inlet and the light-transmitting lower cover is provided with a cathode water inlet. Both the light-transmitting upper cover and the light-transmitting lower cover are both tightly connected to the shell. The photo anode is composed of a photo-catalytic material and includes an anode wafer and a group of anode concentric annular pieces. The anode concentric annular pieces are fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the anode wafer. The cathode rotor includes a cathode wafer and a group of cathode concentric annular pieces. The cathode concentric annular pieces are fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the cathode wafer. The anode concentric annular pieces and the cathode concentric annular pieces are arranged in an interlaced manner. The ionic membrane is arranged between the photo anode and the cathode rotor. The device is used for photocatalytic hydrogen production from water.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydrogen preparation field, relate to a kind of photochemical catalysis water hydrogen production reaction apparatus and application particularly, particularly relate to a kind of photochemical catalysis water hydrogen production reaction apparatus and application.
Background technology
Solar hydrogen making mainly concentrates on following several technology: thermochemical method hydrogen manufacturing, the hydrogen manufacturing of electrochemical decomposition method, photocatalytic method hydrogen manufacturing, artificial photosynthesis's hydrogen manufacturing and biological hydrogen production.The hydrogen manufacturing of sun power direct thermolysis water is the simplest method, utilizes solar concentrator to collect sun power direct heating water exactly, makes its temperature reaching more than 2500K thus is decomposed into the process of hydrogen and oxygen.Utilizing solar electrical energy generation to carry out brine electrolysis, is also a kind of means of solar hydrogen making, but the key issue existed how to reduce the cost of solar electrical energy generation.Photocatalysis hydrogen production attracts most attention in solar hydrogen making, is also the great front subject in derived energy chemical field.Over nearly twenty or thirty year, scientific research personnel drops into a large amount of energy doing the work of this respect.In solar hydrogen making, it is crucial that two reactions below:
H
2O→H
2+1/2O
2(1)
CO
2+2H
2O→CH
3OH+3/2O
2(2)
Reaction (1) be water under the effect of light, decomposing and discharge the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, is also the reaction of brine electrolysis; Reaction (2) is that water and carbonic acid gas generate organic matter under the effect of light, and discharges the process of oxygen, is similar to the reaction of photosynthesis of plant.This Liang Ge reacting quintessence being all the decomposition reaction of water, is also the ideal response that the mankind are pursuing always, is referred to as " Goldbach's Conjecture " of chemical field.These two reactions inherently can form closed system, i.e. the hydrogen of water decomposition generation and oxygen, generate water again in the process released energy.Once these two reactions realize in industrial conditions preferably, the mankind just can not rely on fossil energy at that time, only need rely on sun power, just can realize the energy resource supply of mankind itself.
Water decomposition is the difficult problem that the mankind want to capture always.As everyone knows, chemical bond will interrupt, and one is be energized on antibonding(molecular)orbital by bonding electrons, and two is that the external world provides electronics on antibonding(molecular)orbital, thus realizes the fracture of chemical bond.With regard to water molecules, hydrogen-oxygen key be interrupted, by the electron excitation on bonding orbital on antibonding(molecular)orbital, need the energy of 8eV.If want to rely on heat to carry out water of decomposition, so by the high temperature of needs 2000 DEG C.This method power consumption is high, uneconomical, and weak effect.If rely on sunlight Direct Resolution water, the optical wavelength so needed is approximately 170nm, but light is through the absorption of air, scattering, and the actual light arriving <200nm in the sunlight on ground does not almost have.Therefore, people have selected light-catalysed method in the exploration of water of decomposition.The principle of catalysis is exactly by reaction feasible on thermodynamics, utilizes catalytic activation to change kinetically feasible reaction into.But water of decomposition is infeasible reaction on thermodynamics.Therefore, need Implantation Energy in system, make it thermodynamically feasible.Simultaneously in order to make reaction carry out smoothly, the activation energy of reaction need be reduced.
By introducing TiO in photocatalysis Decomposition aqueous systems
2catalyzer, under the irradiation of UV-light, the quantum yield of photocatalytic conversion water is below 0.1%, and through the development of after this more than ten years, quantum yield is promoted to more than 20% by they.To 20 end of the centurys, the efficiency of ultraviolet catalytic water of decomposition reaches 70%.Because air is to the filtration of sunlight, the energy in fact arriving the UV-light on ground only accounts for and reaches 5% of ground surface sunlight total energy, even if all UV-light all used, is also very low to the utilization ratio of sunlight.The sunlight of below 1000nm can catalytic decomposition water in theory, but in fact the infrared energy of more than 700nm is too low, is also not enough to catalytic decomposition water.Therefore, attention is mainly concentrated on the visible region of 400-700nm by people at present, and this part energy accounts for 43% of sunlight arrival ground total energy, very promising.From 2000 so far, people start again the catalyzer of the photochemical catalyzing developed under visible light illumination, and quantum yield best at present arrives 6%-7%.
From upper summary, light-catalysed efficiency be improved, will tackle key problems in chemical terms on the one hand, namely study photochemical catalysis itself; To make an effort on reactor on the one hand in addition.Current research mainly concentrates on chemical catalysis, seldom has bibliographical information about the design of photo catalysis reactor.Therefore need to design a kind of reactor assembly utilizing sunlight photocatalysis efficiently to prepare hydrogen.High-gravity technology is one of Typical Representative of process intensification technology, and supergravity reactor, with the mass transfer of its excellence and mixed intensified performance, becomes the most popular current research object.Sunlight catalytic water hydrogen manufacturing supergravity reactor device of the present invention is expected to promote photocatalysis efficiency, realizes the object of the efficient hydrogen manufacturing of sunlight.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of photochemical catalysis water hydrogen making reaction device, thus sunlight catalytic water can be utilized efficiently to prepare hydrogen.
A kind of photochemical catalysis water hydrogen making reaction device, described device comprises shell, light anode, negative electrode rotor, ionic membrane; Wherein said smooth anode, negative electrode rotor and ionic membrane are positioned at described shell; Described shell comprises the upper cover plate of printing opacity, the lower cover of printing opacity and housing, and described upper cover plate is provided with anode water inlet, and described lower cover is provided with negative electrode water inlet; The upper cover plate of wherein said printing opacity and the lower cover of printing opacity all with housing close proximity; Described smooth anode is made up of photocatalyst material, and comprise anode disk and one group of concentric ring plate of anode, the concentric ring plate of described anode is fixedly arranged on anode disk lower surface; Described negative electrode rotor comprises cathode disk and one group of concentric ring plate of negative electrode, and the concentric ring plate of described negative electrode is fixedly arranged on described cathode disk upper surface; The concentric ring plate of described anode and the concentric ring plate of negative electrode are staggered; Described ionic membrane is located between light anode and negative electrode rotor.
The upper cover plate of described printing opacity is the receiving surface of direct sunlight, and the lower cover of described printing opacity is the receiving surface of reflected sunlight.
Preferably, the concentric ring plate of described anode is perpendicular to anode disk; Preferably, between the concentric ring plate of described anode, there is identical distance;
Described photocatalyst material comprises TiO
2, ZnO or ZrO
2, be preferably TiO
2.
Described negative electrode rotor is made up of platinum and nickel metal composite material, and preferably, the concentric ring plate of described negative electrode is perpendicular to cathode disk; Preferably, between the concentric ring plate of described negative electrode, there is identical distance.
Preferably, the concentric ring plate of described anode is parallel to the concentric polar ring sheet of negative electrode.
Preferably, described sunlight catalytic water hydrogen manufacturing supergravity reactor device comprises motor and rotating shaft further, and described rotating shaft one end is connected with described motor, and the other end is connected with cathode disk, and preferably rotating shaft is connected to the center of cathode disk; Described motor drives cathode disk to rotate by rotating shaft.The rotation of negative electrode ring plate will be conducive to being separated of gas and liquid.
Preferably, described sunlight catalytic water hydrogen manufacturing supergravity reactor device comprises ionic membrane upholder further, and it is for supporting described ionic membrane.
Oxygen generating area is formed between described ionic membrane and described smooth anode; Described ionic membrane and described negative electrode rotor form hydrogen generating area.
Preferably, described anode water inlet is connected with oxygen generating area;
Preferably, described negative electrode water inlet is connected with hydrogen generating area;
Preferably, described sunlight catalytic water hydrogen manufacturing supergravity reactor device comprises oxygen air outlet further, and it is located on upper cover plate, and preferably the center of described upper cover plate is located in described oxygen air outlet.
Preferably, described sunlight catalytic water hydrogen manufacturing supergravity reactor device comprises gas-liquid separator further, and described gas-liquid separator is located on housing, and is connected with hydrogen generating area, comprises gas-liquid mixed district and gas zone.
Preferably, described sunlight catalytic water hydrogen making reaction device comprises hydrogen air outlet further, and described hydrogen air outlet is connected with hydrogen generating area.
The present invention comprises the application utilizing above-mentioned photochemical catalysis water device for producing hydrogen to carry out water of decomposition manufacture hydrogen further.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
Apparatus of the present invention volume is little, simple and compact for structure; Photocatalytic hydrogen production by water decomposition gas can be realized efficiently, while preparation, utilize high-gravity technology to realize the sharp separation of water, hydrogen, oxygen, thus significantly reduce the generation of by product, improve product yield, reduce material consumption and the energy consumption of unit product.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 illustrates the sectional view of photochemical catalysis water hydrogen making reaction device in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 illustrates the vertical view of photochemical catalysis water hydrogen making reaction device in embodiment 1.
110 smooth anodes, 111 anode ring plates, 112 anode disks, 120 negative electrode rotors, 121 negative electrode ring plates, 122 cathode disk, 200 ionic membranes, 310 anode water inlets, 320 negative electrode water inlets, 410 oxygen outlets, 420 hydrogen outlets, 510 oxygen generating area, 520 hydrogen generating area, the lower cover of 610 printing opacities, the upper cover plate of 620 printing opacities, 630 housings, 700 Hydrogen Separation mixing tanks, 710 gas zone, 720 gas-liquid mixed districts, 810 motors, 820 rotating shafts, 910 sunlights, 920 reflected sunlights
Embodiment
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the present invention, below in conjunction with preferred embodiments and drawings, the present invention is described further.Parts similar in accompanying drawing represent with identical Reference numeral.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that specifically described content is illustrative and nonrestrictive, should not limit the scope of the invention with this below.
Embodiment 1
Shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, a kind of sunlight catalytic water hydrogen making reaction device, described device comprises shell, light anode 110, negative electrode rotor 120, ionic membrane 200; Described shell comprises the upper cover plate 620 of printing opacity, the lower cover 610 of printing opacity and housing 630, the upper cover plate 620 of wherein said printing opacity is provided with anode water inlet 310, the lower cover 610 of described printing opacity is provided with negative electrode water inlet 320, the lower cover 610 of the upper cover plate of described printing opacity 620 and printing opacity all with housing 630 close proximity; The upper cover plate 620 of described printing opacity is provided with oxygen outlet 410, and it is positioned at the upper cover plate central authorities of printing opacity; Described smooth anode 110, negative electrode rotor 120 and ionic membrane 200 are positioned at described shell; Described smooth anode 110 is made up of photocatalyst material, comprises anode disk 112 and one group of concentric ring plate 111 of anode, and the concentric ring plate of anode 111 is vertical and be fixedly arranged on described anode disk 112 lower surface, has identical distance between its Anodic concentric ring sheet 111; Described negative electrode rotor 120 is made up of platinum and nickel metal composite material, comprise cathode disk 122 and one group of concentric ring plate 121 of negative electrode, the concentric ring plate of negative electrode 121 is vertical and be fixedly arranged on described cathode disk 122 upper surface, wherein has identical distance between the concentric ring plate of negative electrode 121.The concentric ring plate of described anode 111 and the concentric ring plate 121 of negative electrode are staggered.Described ionic membrane 200 supported by ionic membrane upholder, is located between light anode 110 and negative electrode rotor 120, forms oxygen generating area 510 between described ionic membrane 200 and described smooth anode 110; Described ionic membrane 200 forms hydrogen generating area 520 with described negative electrode rotor 120.
Described sunlight catalytic water hydrogen making reaction device comprises motor 810 and rotating shaft 820 further, and rotating shaft 820 one end is connected with cathode disk 122, and the other end is connected with the center of cathode disk 122;
Described sunlight catalytic water hydrogen making reaction device comprises gas-liquid separator 700 further, and described gas-liquid separator 700 is connected with housing, and is connected with hydrogen generating area 520, comprises gas-liquid mixed district 720 and gas zone 710.Described sunlight catalytic water hydrogen making reaction device comprises hydrogen air outlet 420 further, and it is connected with the gas zone 710 of gas-liquid separator 700.See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2
Embodiment 2
A kind of sunlight catalytic water hydrogen making reaction device, be applied in concrete photocatalytic hydrogen production by water decomposition gas, when utilizing reflected sunlight, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) water is passed into reactor respectively by 310 anode water inlets, 320 negative electrode water inlets, reactor cavity inside is full of rear stopping water flowing;
(2) open motor, adjusting rotary speed is to 300r/min;
(3) treat there is a small amount of gas generation time near light anode and negative electrode, open hydrogen, oxygen outlet;
(4) anode water inlet and negative electrode water inlet is opened, water is passed into the flow of 10kg/h, ensure that reactor cavity is full of water, now, hydrogen outlet, oxygen outlet continue to produce gas, hydrogen tolerance is 1.11kg/h, and oxygen tolerance is 8.89kg/h, and the quantum yield of total photocatalytic conversion water is 21.5%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of sunlight catalytic water hydrogen making reaction device, be applied in concrete photocatalytic hydrogen production by water decomposition gas, when not utilizing reflected sunlight, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) water is passed into reactor respectively by 310 anode water inlets, 320 negative electrode water inlets, reactor cavity inside is full of rear stopping water flowing;
(2) open motor, adjusting rotary speed is to 300r/min;
(3) treat there is a small amount of gas generation time near light anode and negative electrode, open hydrogen, oxygen outlet;
(4) anode water inlet and negative electrode water inlet is opened, water is passed into the flow of 7.15kg/h, ensure that reactor cavity is full of water, now, hydrogen outlet, oxygen outlet continue to produce gas, hydrogen tolerance is 0.79kg/h, and oxygen tolerance is 6.36kg/h, and the quantum yield of total photocatalytic conversion water is 16.4%.
Obviously; the above embodiment of the present invention is only for example of the present invention is clearly described; and be not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention; for those of ordinary skill in the field; can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description; here cannot give exhaustive to all embodiments, every belong to technical scheme of the present invention the apparent change of extending out or variation be still in the row of protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a photochemical catalysis water hydrogen production reaction apparatus, is characterized in that: described device comprises shell, light anode, negative electrode rotor and ionic membrane; Wherein said smooth anode, negative electrode rotor and ionic membrane are positioned at described shell; Described shell comprises the upper cover plate of printing opacity, the lower cover of printing opacity and housing, and described upper cover plate is provided with anode water inlet, and described lower cover is provided with negative electrode water inlet; The upper cover plate of wherein said printing opacity and the lower cover of printing opacity all with housing close proximity; Described smooth anode is made up of photocatalyst material, and comprise anode disk and one group of concentric ring plate of anode, the concentric ring plate of described anode is fixedly arranged on anode disk lower surface; Described negative electrode rotor comprises cathode disk and one group of concentric ring plate of negative electrode, and the concentric ring plate of described negative electrode is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of cathode disk; The concentric ring plate of described anode and the concentric ring plate of negative electrode are staggered; Described ionic membrane is located between light anode and described negative electrode rotor.
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described negative electrode is made up of platinum and nickel metal composite material.
3. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described device comprises motor and rotating shaft, and wherein said rotating shaft one end is connected with described negative electrode rotor, and the other end is connected with motor.
4. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described device comprises oxygen outlet, and this oxygen outlet is located on upper cover plate.
5. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described device comprises gas-liquid separator, and this gas liquid mixer is connected with housing and communicates with hydrogen generating area.
6. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described device comprises hydrogen outlet, and it is connected with gas-liquid separator.
7. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, forms oxygen generating area between described ionic membrane and described smooth anode.
8. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described ionic membrane and described negative electrode rotor form hydrogen generating area.
9. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, has identical distance between the concentric ring plate of described anode, preferably, have identical distance between the concentric ring plate of described negative electrode, preferably, the concentric ring plate of described anode is parallel to the concentric ring plate of described negative electrode.
10. utilize the photochemical catalysis water hydrogen making reaction device described in any one of claim 1-10 to carry out the application of water of decomposition manufacture hydrogen.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107740133A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-02-27 | 杭州泰博科技有限公司 | The devices and methods therefor of photocatalysis cathode electrode hydrogen production by water decomposition gas |
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| CN101629300A (en) * | 2009-05-21 | 2010-01-20 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method for separating and preparing hydrogen by decomposing water in fuel cell through photocatalysis |
| CN102482789A (en) * | 2009-09-09 | 2012-05-30 | 三井化学株式会社 | Gas generator and method for generating gas |
| CN102616739A (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2012-08-01 | 天津大学 | Device and application for photocatalytic water decomposition |
| JP2012188683A (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2012-10-04 | Mitsui Chemicals Inc | Gas generation apparatus, and gas generation method |
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2015
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101629300A (en) * | 2009-05-21 | 2010-01-20 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method for separating and preparing hydrogen by decomposing water in fuel cell through photocatalysis |
| CN102482789A (en) * | 2009-09-09 | 2012-05-30 | 三井化学株式会社 | Gas generator and method for generating gas |
| JP2012188683A (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2012-10-04 | Mitsui Chemicals Inc | Gas generation apparatus, and gas generation method |
| CN102616739A (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2012-08-01 | 天津大学 | Device and application for photocatalytic water decomposition |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107740133A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-02-27 | 杭州泰博科技有限公司 | The devices and methods therefor of photocatalysis cathode electrode hydrogen production by water decomposition gas |
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