CN104759213A - Preparation method of polymer charged porous membrane - Google Patents
Preparation method of polymer charged porous membrane Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a polymer charged porous membrane. The invention is characterized in that an in situ prepared charged polymer solution, a substrate material and at least one aperture regulator under certain proportion are mixed and prepared into a casting solution, and a phase separation method is used directly through for the preparation of the polymer charged porous membrane. The preparation method of the membrane is as below: 1, in situ preparation of a charged polymer solution; 2, preparation of the casting solution; 3, phase separation for membrane preparation; and 4, posttreatment. The formula for the casting solution comprises: 5-20% of charged polymer solution, 5%-20% of a substrate material, 70-90% of a solvent and 1%-15% of an aperture regulator, wherein the total amount of the components is 100%. The method has the characteristics of simple operation, low cost and easiness to industrial implementation. The in situ polymer solution not only makes the polymer porous membrane have charge but also can further improve hydrophilic membrane; and the prepared membrane has high water flux, high separation efficiency and strong pollution resistance.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides the preparation method of the charged perforated membrane of a kind of polymer, it is characterized in that original position prepares a kind of polymer solution providing charge, and mix the obtained charged perforated membrane of polymer with at least one matrix material.
Background technology
The excellent properties that polysulfones and polyether-ketone family macromolecule material have, becomes desirable membrane material.The bisphenol-a polysulfone (PSF) that the U.S. succeeds in developing UCC company nineteen sixty-five, its vitrification point is 195 DEG C, polyether sulfone (PES) can be succeeded in developing in 1972 at 150 DEG C of Long-Time Service, thereafter Britain ICI company, up to 225 DEG C, can at 180 DEG C of-200 DEG C of Long-Time Service, application is significantly expanded.Although these materials have excellent mechanical performance, the shortcoming of its hydrophily difference hinders them and applies in technical field of membrane.Therefore hydrophilic modification is carried out to these polymeric materials, widen its application.
Carry out hydrophilically modified method much to these polymer, summarize, mainly can be divided into two large classes, one is surface modification, and two is matrix modifications.
So-called surface modification, exactly from polymeric material, adopt the method such as physical absorption, surface grafting to carry out modification to polymeric material, the feature of this technology is exactly the structures and characteristics not changing membrane body, only improve the hydrophily on film surface, give the function that polymer film surface is new.The surfactant SMM oneself synthesized is improved the hydrophilicity of PES film by Daniel etc., found that SMM contributes to the reduction of the contact angle of film, illustrate that the hydrophily of film improves [Daniel ES, Gerald P, Yves D, Desalination, 2002,149 (1-3): 303-307].
So-called matrix modification, different from surface modification, be from polymer raw materials, carry out the blended object reaching modification by polymeric material and the polymer with hydrophile function.Can by polymeric material and some hydrophilic materials blended, as polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, modification can also be carried out to polymeric material, as introduced hydrophilic group by graft reaction at polymer raw materials Shu.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the preparation method of the charged perforated membrane of a kind of polymer, solve and only use host material to prepare the problem of film hydrophily difference, modified membrane flux is large, and separative efficiency is high, and modified film has charge, the resistance tocrocking of film strengthens further.
The design principle of preparation method of the present invention is: sulfonic acid group belongs to hydrophilic group, and polymer molecular chain introduces sulfonic group, polymer film is had charge, changes Thermodynamics when being separated, thus changes permeability of the membrane and hydrophily.On polymer chain, sulfonic acid group is introduced by graft reaction, and then a kind of charged polymer solution, aperture adjustment agent blended preparation casting solution under certain ratio prepared by host material, original position, the phase disengagement method known is adopted to prepare charged perforated membrane, through suitable post processing, the obtained charged perforated membrane of polymer.
The charged perforated membrane of polymer described in preparation, a kind of polymer solution that charge is provided that the technical scheme adopted is prepared for original position, select at least one host material and aperture adjustment agent, three is mixed with casting solution, directly prepares charged perforated membrane by the method be separated.It is simple that the method has operating process, with low cost, the features such as easy industrializing implementation.Prepared membrane flux is large, and separative efficiency is higher, and resistance tocrocking strengthens.
The preparation method of the charged perforated membrane of described polymer, its preparation process is as follows:
The original position preparation of A, charged polymer solution
The preparation of B, casting solution
C, phase separation film-making
D, post processing
The original position preparation of A, charged polymer solution: a kind of polymeric material uses a kind of solvent wherein to dissolve at a certain temperature, then the reagent required at least one chemical reaction is added, react under certain conditions, prepare charged polymer solution, wherein chemical modification reaction temperature is 30 DEG C ~ 90 DEG C, and the reaction time is 4 hours ~ 30 hours.
The preparation of B3, casting solution: at least one host material, charged polymer solution are mixed under certain ratio with aperture adjustment agent, adds solvent adjustment casting solution viscosity, obtained mixed uniformly casting solution, and the quality of the formula of described casting solution from proportion by subtraction is:
C, film-forming method adopt the phase separation film-making method known, by obtained casting solution striking film forming on smooth clean glass plate, and pre-placing 5 seconds ~ 5 minutes in atmosphere, then put it in the coagulating bath of 1 DEG C ~ 50 DEG C.Masking environmental condition is: environment temperature 15 DEG C ~ 50 DEG C, humidity is 30% ~ 80%.
D, post processing: obtained film is put into deionized water 48h, completely except after desolventizing, preserve, stand-by.
The host material that masking uses is polyether sulfone, at least one of polysulfones, polyether-ketone, polyethersulfone ketone;
Charged polymer solution prepares that used material is polyether sulfone, at least one in polysulfones, polyether-ketone, polyethersulfone ketone; The material solvent used is carrene, at least one in dichloroethanes, the concentrated sulfuric acid; Reagent required for chemical reaction is at least one in oleum, chlorosulfonic acid, the concentrated sulfuric acid, gaseous sulfur trioxide.
Preparation casting solution solvent used is at least one in 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE, dimethylacetylamide, dimethyl formamide;
Masking aperture adjustment agent used is at least one in polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, acetone, butanone, propane diols, n-butanol.Wherein the relative molecular weight of polyethylene glycol is 200,400,800,2000,6000,20000, and polyvinylpyrrolidone K value is 15,30,60,90 and 130.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is from raw material, introduce hydrophilic charged groups on polymeric materials by graft reaction, original position prepares a kind of charged polymer solution, by charged polymer solution, host material, aperture adjustment agent blended preparation casting solution masking.The polymer solution that original position obtains not only makes polymer porous film with charge, can also play and film hydrophily is improved, and obtained membrane flux is large, the features such as separative efficiency is high, and contamination resistance is strong.
Film described in preparation method of the present invention is Flat Membrane, but is not limited thereto, and is applicable to the form such as tubular membrane and hollow-fibre membrane too.Charged perforated membrane of the present invention is prepared by the preparation method of the charged perforated membrane of described polymer and obtains.
The charged perforated membrane of preparation method of the present invention and preparation thereof, technical process is simple, with low cost, is easy to promote, and has actual industrial prospect.
The present invention does not address part and is applicable to prior art.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cross-section structure (comparative example 1) of the straight polymer film not adding any charged polymer solution and aperture adjustment agent
Fig. 2 is the cross-section structure (embodiment 6) of charged perforated membrane.
Fig. 3 is the infrared spectrogram of straight polymer film (comparative example 1) and charged perforated membrane (embodiment 6).
Detailed description of the invention
Below provide specific embodiments more of the present invention, but the application's claim is not by the restriction of these specific embodiments:
Embodiment 1:
The original position preparation of charged polymer solution: at temperature is 43 DEG C, with 60g dichloroethanes for solvent, dissolve 30g polyether-ketone, after dissolving completely, add 10g oleum, the reaction time is 4h, preserves stand-by in the frozen state by obtained solution.
The manufacture process of film is: 19g charged polymer solution, 58.2g dimethylacetylamide are mixed with 13.5g polyether sulfone, stir 12 hours at 45 DEG C, until completely dissolved, standing and defoaming 24 hours, environment temperature 18 DEG C, humidity is 50%, by casting solution striking on smooth clean glass plate, in atmosphere after pre-placing 5s, putting into water temperature is 12 DEG C, pH be 7 water condensation bath in solidify, film is placed in deionized water 48 hours after being separated, the charged perforated membrane of the present invention.
Embodiment 2
The original position preparation of charged polymer solution: be 45 DEG C in temperature, with 60g carrene for solvent, dissolve 30g polysulfones, after dissolving completely, add 10g oleum and react, the reaction time is 4h, and obtained solution is preserved stand-by in the frozen state.
The manufacture process of film is: 21.5g charged polymer solution, 50.2g dimethyl formamide, 11.5g polyether sulfone are mixed with 3.4g aperture adjustment agent PEG 20000, stir 12 hours at 45 DEG C again, until completely dissolved, standing and defoaming 24 hours, environment temperature 20 DEG C, humidity is 55%, by casting solution striking on smooth clean glass plate, in atmosphere after pre-placing 20s, put into water condensation bath and solidify, water temperature is 15 DEG C, pH is 2, after being separated, film is placed in deionized water 48 hours, the charged perforated membrane of the present invention.
Embodiment 3:
The original position preparation of charged polymer solution: be 52 DEG C in temperature, with 60g dichloroethanes for solvent, dissolves 30g polyether sulfone, and dissolve completely, add 10g chlorosulfonic acid and react, the reaction time is 4 hours, and obtained solution is preserved stand-by in the frozen state.
The manufacture process of film is: by 19g charged polymer solution, 58.2g dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), the mixing of 13.5g polyethersulfone ketone, then stir 12 hours at 45 DEG C, until completely dissolved, standing and defoaming 24 hours, environment temperature 20 DEG C, humidity is 50%, by casting solution striking on smooth clean glass plate, in atmosphere after pre-placing 20s, put into water condensation bath, water temperature is 25 DEG C, pH is 9, after being separated, film is placed in deionized water 48 hours, the charged perforated membrane of the present invention.
Embodiment 4:
The original position preparation of charged polymer solution: be 60 DEG C in temperature, with 60g dichloroethanes for solvent, dissolve 30g polyether sulfone, after dissolving completely, add the 10g concentrated sulfuric acid, the reaction time is 10h, and obtained solution is preserved stand-by in the frozen state.
The manufacture process of film is: 13.8g charged polymer solution, 55g dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 11.5g polyether-ketone and 8.4g aperture adjustment agent butanone are mixed, stir 12 hours at 45 DEG C again, until completely dissolved, standing and defoaming 24 hours, environment temperature 13 DEG C, humidity is 45%, by casting solution striking on smooth clean glass plate, in atmosphere after pre-placing 100s, put into water condensation bath, water temperature is 5 DEG C, pH is 4, after being separated, film is placed in deionized water 48 hours, the charged perforated membrane of the present invention.
Embodiment 5:
The original position preparation of charged polymer solution: be 65 DEG C in temperature, with the 60g concentrated sulfuric acid for solvent, dissolve 30g polysulfones, after dissolving completely, add 10g chlorosulfonic acid, the reaction time is 4h, and obtained solution is preserved stand-by in the frozen state.
The manufacture process of film is: 17g charged polymer solution, 69.95g dimethylacetylamide are mixed with 14.1g polysulfones, then stirs 12 hours at 45 DEG C, until completely dissolved, standing and defoaming 24 hours, environment temperature 18 DEG C, humidity is 50%, by casting solution striking on smooth clean glass plate, in atmosphere after pre-placing 80s, put into water condensation bath, water temperature is 23 DEG C, pH is 5, after being separated, film is placed in deionized water 48 hours, the charged perforated membrane of the present invention.
Embodiment 6:
The original position preparation of charged polymer solution: be 87 DEG C in temperature, with the 70g concentrated sulfuric acid for solvent, dissolve 30g polyether sulfone, reaction total time is 8 hours, and obtained solution is preserved stand-by in the frozen state.
The manufacture process of film is: 17g charged polymer solution, 69.95g dimethylacetylamide are mixed with 14.1g polyether sulfone, stirs 12 hours, until completely dissolved at 45 DEG C, standing and defoaming 24 hours, environment temperature 20 DEG C, humidity is 50%, by casting solution striking on smooth clean glass plate, in atmosphere after pre-placing 40s, put into water condensation bath, water temperature is 12 DEG C, pH is 7, after being separated, film is placed in deionized water 48 hours, the charged perforated membrane of the present invention.
Embodiment 7:
The original position preparation of charged polymer solution: be 56 DEG C in temperature, with 60g dimethylacetylamide for solvent, dissolve 30g polyethersulfone ketone, after dissolving completely, adding 10g oleum is sulfonating agent, and the reaction time is 5h, and obtained solution is preserved stand-by in the frozen state.
The manufacture process of film is: 13.8g charged polymer solution, 50.2g dimethylacetylamide and 11.5g polyether-ketone are mixed, and stirs 12 hours, until completely dissolved at 45 DEG C, standing and defoaming 24 hours, environment temperature 20 DEG C, humidity is 50%, by casting solution striking on smooth clean glass plate, in atmosphere after pre-placing 120s, put into water condensation bath, water temperature is 30 DEG C, pH is 10, after being separated, film is placed in deionized water 48 hours, the charged perforated membrane of the present invention.
Embodiment 8:
The original position preparation of charged polymer solution: be 60 DEG C in temperature, with 60g dimethyl formamide for solvent, dissolve 30g polyether-ketone, after dissolving completely, add the 10g concentrated sulfuric acid, the reaction time is 12h, and obtained solution is preserved stand-by in the frozen state.
The manufacture process of film is: 17g charged polymer solution, 55g dimethylacetylamide, 13g polyether-ketone are mixed with 6.7g additive PVP, stirs 12 hours, until completely dissolved at 45 DEG C, standing and defoaming 24 hours, environment temperature 10 DEG C, humidity is 40%, by casting solution striking on smooth clean glass plate, in atmosphere after pre-placing 40s, put into water-setting solid solution, water temperature is 25 DEG C, pH is 1, after being separated, film is placed in deionized water 48 hours, blend film of the present invention.
Embodiment 9:
The original position preparation of charged polymer solution: be 60 DEG C in temperature, with 60g dimethylacetylamide for solvent, dissolve 30g polyethersulfone ketone, after dissolving completely, add 10g chlorosulfonic acid, the reaction time is 4h, and obtained solution is preserved stand-by in the frozen state.
The manufacture process of film is: 16g charged polymer solution, 60g dimethylacetylamide, 11.5g polyether sulfone are mixed with 12g aperture adjustment agent PVP, stir 12 hours at 45 DEG C again, until completely dissolved, standing and defoaming 24 hours, environment temperature 20 DEG C, humidity is 40%, by casting solution striking on smooth clean glass plate, in atmosphere after pre-placing 80s, put into water condensation bath, water temperature is 22 DEG C, pH is 12, after being separated, film is placed in deionized water 48 hours, the charged perforated membrane of the present invention.
Embodiment 10:
The original position preparation of charged polymer solution: be 56 DEG C in temperature, with 50g carrene for solvent, dissolves 40g polysulfones, and dissolve completely, add 10g oleum, the reaction time is 2h, and obtained SPSF, obtained solution is protected in the frozen state stand-by.
The manufacture process of film is: by the preparation of the original position of 21.7g charged polymer solution, the mixing of 63g dimethyl formamide, 1.5g polyether-ketone, stir 12 hours at 45 DEG C, until completely dissolved, standing and defoaming 24 hours, environment temperature 16 DEG C, humidity is 50%, by casting solution striking on smooth clean glass plate, in atmosphere after pre-placing 25s, put into water condensation bath, water temperature is 18 DEG C, pH is 3, after being separated, film is placed in deionized water 48 hours, the charged perforated membrane of the present invention.
Embodiment 11:
The original position preparation of charged polymer solution: be 60 DEG C in temperature, with 60 carrene for solvent, dissolve 30g polyether sulfone, after dissolving completely, add the 10g concentrated sulfuric acid, the reaction time is 10h, and obtained additive solution is preserved stand-by in the frozen state.
The manufacture process of film is: by 13.8g charged polymer solution, 55g dimethyl formamide, 11.5g polysulfones and 8.4g aperture adjustment agent mixed with propylene glycol, stir 12 hours at 45 DEG C, until completely dissolved, standing and defoaming 24 hours, environment temperature 18 DEG C, humidity is 60%, by casting solution striking on smooth clean glass plate, in atmosphere after pre-placing 100s, put into water condensation bath, water temperature is 15 DEG C, pH is 8, after being separated, film is placed in deionized water 48 hours, the charged perforated membrane of the present invention.
Embodiment 12:
The original position preparation of charged polymer solution: be 60 DEG C in temperature, with 60g dichloroethanes for solvent, dissolve 30g polyethersulfone ketone, after dissolving completely, add 10g chlorosulfonic acid, the reaction time is 10h, and obtained solution is preserved stand-by in the frozen state.
The manufacture process of film is: 13.8g charged polymer solution, 55g dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 11.5g polysulfones and 8.4g aperture adjustment agent acetone are mixed, stir 12 hours at 45 DEG C, until completely dissolved, standing and defoaming 24 hours, environment temperature 13 DEG C, humidity is 45%, by casting solution striking on smooth clean glass plate, in atmosphere after pre-placing 100s, put into water condensation bath, water temperature is 25 DEG C, pH is 9, after being separated, film is placed in deionized water 48 hours, the charged perforated membrane of the present invention.
Comparative example 1 (the former film of polyether sulfone):
The manufacture process of film is: by 80g dimethylacetylamide, the mixing of 20g polyether sulfone, stir 12 hours, until completely dissolved at 45 DEG C, standing and defoaming 24 hours, environment temperature 13 DEG C, humidity is 45%, by casting solution striking on smooth clean glass plate, in atmosphere after pre-placing 40s, put into water condensation bath, water temperature is 13 DEG C, pH is 7, after being separated, film is placed in deionized water 48 hours, the obtained former film of polyether sulfone.
Claims (9)
1. the invention provides the preparation method of the charged perforated membrane of a kind of polymer, it is characterized in that original position prepares a kind of polymer solution providing charge, and mix the obtained charged perforated membrane of polymer with at least one matrix material.
2. a kind of charged polymer solution of preparing of original position as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that selecting a kind of polymeric material, chemical reaction modification is carried out to it, original position obtains a kind of polymer solution to be made with charged group on this polymer chain, this solution directly and host material be mixed for preparing charged perforated membrane.It is simple that the method has operating process, with low cost, the features such as easy industrializing implementation.The polymer solution that original position obtains not only makes polymer porous film with charge, can also play and film hydrophily is improved, and obtained membrane flux is large, the features such as separative efficiency is high, and contamination resistance is strong.
3. as right 2 require as described in charged polymer solution in-situ preparation method, it is characterized in that charged polymer solution is prepared used material and be it is characterized by least one in polyether sulfone, polysulfones, polyether-ketone, polyethersulfone ketone; The solvent used is carrene, at least one in dichloroethanes, the concentrated sulfuric acid; Reagent required for chemical reaction is at least one in oleum, chlorosulfonic acid, the concentrated sulfuric acid, gaseous sulfur trioxide.
4. the preparation method of the charged perforated membrane of a kind of polymer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized by a kind of charged polymer solution, host material and at least one aperture adjustment agent mixed preparing casting solution under certain ratio original position prepared, the method directly by being separated prepares the charged perforated membrane of polymer.
5. as right 4 require as described in preparation method, it is characterized in that the host material that masking uses is polyether sulfone, at least one of polysulfones, polyether-ketone, polyethersulfone ketone.
6. as right 4 require as described in preparation method, it is characterized in that preparing casting solution solvent used is at least one in 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE, dimethylacetylamide, dimethyl formamide.
7. as right 4 require as described in preparation method, it is characterized in that masking aperture adjustment agent used is at least one in polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, acetone, butanone, propane diols, n-butanol, wherein the relative molecular weight of polyethylene glycol is 200,400,800,2000,6000,20000, and polyvinylpyrrolidone K value is 15,30,60,90 and 130.
8. the preparation method of the film as described in right 4, its preparation process is as follows:
The original position preparation of A, charged polymer solution
The preparation of B, casting solution
C, phase separation film-making
D, post processing.
9. the preparation process of film as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that:
The original position preparation of A, charged polymer solution: according to a kind of polymeric material described in claim 3, a kind of solvent is wherein used to dissolve at a certain temperature, then add the reagent required at least one chemical reaction, react under certain conditions, prepare charged polymer solution.Wherein chemical modification reaction temperature is 30 DEG C ~ 90 DEG C, and the reaction time is 4 hours ~ 30 hours.
The preparation of B, casting solution: at least one host material, charged polymer solution are mixed under certain ratio with aperture adjustment agent, adds solvent adjustment casting solution viscosity, obtained mixed uniformly casting solution.
C, film-forming method adopt the phase separation film-making method known, by obtained casting solution striking film forming on smooth clean glass plate, pre-placing 5 seconds ~ 5 minutes in atmosphere, then by etc. its put into the coagulating bath of 1 DEG C ~ 50 DEG C.Masking environmental condition is: environment temperature 15 DEG C ~ 50 DEG C, humidity is 30% ~ 80%.
D, post processing: obtained film is put into deionized water 48h, completely except after desolventizing, preserve, stand-by.
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| CN106310971A (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2017-01-11 | 天津工业大学 | Membrane preparing formula of chloride-containing copolymer hollow-fiber membrane and preparation method of membrane |
| CN109012180A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-12-18 | 天津大学 | A kind of preparation method with the clever structure composite forward osmosis membrane of figure |
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| CN109012180A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-12-18 | 天津大学 | A kind of preparation method with the clever structure composite forward osmosis membrane of figure |
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