CN104754663B - Neighbors rapid discovery method based on pure directional aerial - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/16—Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of neighbors rapid discovery method based on pure directional aerial, it mainly realizes that step is：Choose the scanning sequence in self-organizing network；Distribute scanning sequence；Determine the state of directional aerial node；Judge the state of directional aerial node；The command record of directional aerial node sectors is read, sends corresponding information；Directional aerial node receive information, analyzes information type, records the corresponding command.The binary coding of the Hamming distances such as present invention selection is as scanning sequence, judge whether to produce information collision, make directional aerial node receive information and send having equal opportunities for information, effectively avoid information collision, neighbors find during can rapidly and accurately find it is all can be with the neighbors of normal communication.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a method for rapidly discovering a neighbor node based on a pure directional antenna in the field of wireless communication. The method realizes the rapid discovery and collision avoidance of the adjacent nodes in the wireless self-organizing communication network, and can be used as an important component of a pure directional antenna communication protocol.
Background
Compared with the common omnidirectional antenna, the directional antenna has the advantages of longer transmission distance, higher speed, higher safety and realization of spatial multiplexing. Currently, the methods for information transmission using directional antennas are roughly divided into two types: directional transmission with omni-directional antenna or channel assistance and pure directional transmission with directional reception and directional transmission. The directional transmission with the assistance of the omnidirectional antenna or the channel can simply and efficiently realize the transmission of the discovery information of the adjacent node, but the structure of the antenna equipment is complex and is not beneficial to mobile carrying; the antenna structure of the pure directional transmission mode is simple, but the design of a discovery mechanism and a transmission protocol is relatively complex.
Zhensheng Zhang proposes a neighbor node discovery method using only Directional Antennas for receiving and transmitting information in the paper "Pure Directional Transmission and reception in reactive algorithms in Wireless Networks with Directional Antennas" (public: Communications,2005.ICC 2005.2005IEEE international Conference, 0-7803-8938-7). The method carries out binary evaluation on the ID number of the antenna node, then the length of the binary sequence is supplemented according to the maximum number of nodes in the network, the binary sequence is used as an antenna scanning mode sequence to carry out adjacent node scanning, three-step handshake interaction is carried out in a sector of a directional antenna, and pure directional adjacent node discovery is completed.
The patent applied by the fifty-fourth institute of electrical and technology corporation in china, "a novel neighbor discovery method based on directional antennas" (patent application No. CN201310695670.5, publication No. CN103686611A) proposes a pure directional neighbor node discovery method with a random silence mechanism. The method adds a random silence mechanism on the basis of adopting a binary scanning sequence to achieve the purpose of avoiding signal collision, the silence state is a state of neither sending nor receiving, an antenna node generates a random number at the initial moment of a scanning period, the random number is compared with a corresponding threshold value, if the random number is smaller than the threshold value, the antenna node enters the silence state, otherwise, the antenna node enters the scanning state, and the method can avoid part of signal collision. However, the method still has the disadvantages that signal collision is not judged, signal collision cannot be avoided accurately, and antenna nodes without collision enter a silent state, so that all neighboring nodes cannot be found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for rapidly discovering a neighbor node based on a pure directional antenna. The invention improves the selection of binary scanning sequences; a signal collision phenomenon judgment and effective avoidance mechanism is added; and a three-step handshake mechanism is improved, and the requirement on the mode switching speed of the directional antenna is reduced.
The idea of the invention for realizing the above purpose is as follows: binary codes with equal Hamming distances are selected as scanning sequences, whether conflict occurs or not is judged by judging the strength of received signals, a sending inhibition mode is introduced to avoid signal conflict, and one-way receiving or sending of information is only carried out in one-time information interaction process, so that three-step handshake is completed in at least three scanning middle periods.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) scanning sequences selected from the ad hoc network:
(1a) the length of the scanning sequence in the ad hoc network is determined according to the following formula:
wherein,representing the Hamming weight in all binary codes of length NC denotes performing a combined number operation, N denotes the length of the scanning sequence in the ad hoc network,indicating a rounding-down operation, wherein L indicates the maximum value of the number of directional antenna nodes in the self-organizing network;
(1b) the Hamming weight is selected from all binary codes of length NN denotes the length of the scanning sequence in the ad hoc network,represents a round-down operation;
(1c) sorting the selected binary codes according to the numerical value;
(2) allocating a scanning sequence:
distributing the sorted binary codes to each directional antenna node in the self-organizing network according to the rule that the sorting number is equal to the ID number of the directional antenna node in the self-organizing network, wherein each directional antenna node takes the distributed binary codes as a scanning sequence of the directional antenna node;
(3) determining the state of the directional antenna node:
a directional antenna node in the self-organizing network sequentially takes out a bit value in a scanning sequence of the directional antenna node, and determines an antenna state in a scanning period according to the value, wherein the antenna state comprises a receiving state and a sending state;
(4) judging the state of the directional antenna node:
judging whether the directional antenna node is in a receiving state or a sending state, if so, executing a step (17) of receiving information by the directional antenna node; if the node is in a sending state, executing a step (5) of sending information by the directional antenna node;
(5) reading command records of directional antenna node sectors:
the directional antenna node in the sending state enters a sector of the directional antenna node in sequence, and the command record of the sector is read;
(6) judging whether a command of a directional antenna node sector exists, if so, executing the step (8), otherwise, executing the step (7);
(7) the directional antenna node in the sending state sends HELLO information in the sector judged in the step (6);
(8) judging whether the command of the directional antenna node sector is to execute the sending inhibition operation, if so, executing the step (9), otherwise, executing the step (10);
(9) the directional antenna node in the transmitting state executes the transmission suppression operation in the sector judged in the step (8);
(10) judging whether the command of the directional antenna node sector is to send report collision information REPcon, if so, executing the step (11), otherwise, executing the step (12);
(11) the sector which is judged by the directional antenna node in the sending state in the step (10) sends report collision information REPcon;
(12) judging whether the command of the directional antenna node sector is to send a first reply message REPack1, if so, executing the step (13), otherwise, executing the step (14);
(13) the sector judged by the directional antenna node in the step (12) in the sending state sends a first reply message REPack 1;
(14) judging whether the command of the directional antenna node sector is to send a second reply message REPack2, if so, executing the step (15), otherwise, executing the step (16);
(15) the sector judged by the directional antenna node in the sending state in the step (14) sends a second reply message REPack 2;
(16) judging whether the sending information sector of the directional antenna node in the receiving state is a termination sector, if so, executing a step (29), otherwise, executing a step (5);
(17) receiving information by the directional antenna node:
the directional antenna node in the receiving state enters a sector of the directional antenna node in sequence to receive information;
(18) judging whether the information received by the directional antenna node generates conflict, if so, executing the step (19), otherwise, executing the step (20);
(19) the directional antenna node in the receiving state records the command of the sector sending report collision information REPcon judged in the step (18);
(20) judging whether the information received by the directional antenna node is report conflict information REPcon, if so, executing step (21), otherwise, executing step (22);
(21) the directional antenna node in the receiving state records that the sector judged in the step (20) enters into execution of transmission inhibition operation;
(22) judging whether the information received by the directional antenna node is HELLO information, if so, executing step (23), otherwise, executing step (24);
(23) if the first handshake is successful, the directional antenna node in the receiving state records a command that the sector judged in the step (22) sends the first reply message replay 1;
(24) judging whether the information received by the directional antenna node is the first reply information REPack1, if so, executing the step (25), otherwise, executing the step (26);
(25) if the second handshake is successful, the directional antenna node in the receiving state records a command that the sector judged in the step (24) sends the second reply message replay 2;
(26) judging whether the information received by the directional antenna node is the second reply information REPack2, if so, executing the step (27), otherwise, executing the step (28);
(27) if the three-way handshake is successful, the directional antenna node in the sending state discovers an adjacent node;
(28) judging whether the receiving information sector of the directional antenna node in the receiving state is a termination sector, if so, executing a step (29), otherwise, executing a step (17);
(29) judging whether the scanning sequence of the directional antenna node reads the last digit value according to the sequence in the step (3), if so, executing the step (30), otherwise, executing the step (3);
(30) the scanning is ended.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
firstly, because the invention selects the binary code with equal Hamming weight as the scanning sequence, the problem that the opportunity of receiving information and sending information is not equal in the scanning process of part of nodes in the prior art is solved, so that the opportunity of receiving information and sending information is equal in the scanning process of all directional antenna nodes in the invention, information interaction can be carried out for many times in the scanning process, and the speed and the efficiency of finding the adjacent nodes are improved.
Secondly, because the invention completes three-step handshake in the information interaction of the sectors of a plurality of directional antennas, the problem that the invention is only suitable for the directional antenna with high mode switching speed because the three-step handshake is completed in the sector of only one directional antenna in the prior art is solved, so that the invention can be applied to the directional antenna with low mode switching speed of the directional antenna, and the range of the directional antenna which is applicable to the invention is enlarged.
Thirdly, the invention judges whether the information conflict occurs, and introduces the sending inhibition mode to avoid the information conflict, thereby overcoming the problems that the prior art does not judge the information conflict, randomly avoids the conflict and cannot scan all the adjacent nodes, and the invention can accurately and effectively avoid the information conflict and scan all the adjacent nodes which can normally communicate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the steps of the present invention will be described in further detail.
Step 1, selecting a scanning sequence in the self-organizing network.
In a first step, the length of a scanning sequence in the ad hoc network is determined according to the following formula.
Wherein,representing the Hamming weight in all binary codes of length NC denotes performing a combined number operation, N denotes the length of the scanning sequence in the ad hoc network,denotes a rounding-down operation, and L denotes a maximum value of the number of directional antenna nodes in the ad-hoc network.
Second step, fromThe Hamming weight selected from the binary code having a length of N isN denotes the length of the scanning sequence in the ad hoc network,indicating a rounding down operation.
And thirdly, sorting the selected binary codes according to the numerical value.
And 2, distributing a scanning sequence.
And distributing the sorted binary codes to each directional antenna node in the self-organizing network according to the rule that the sorting number is equal to the ID number of the directional antenna node in the self-organizing network, wherein each directional antenna node takes the distributed binary codes as the scanning sequence of the node.
And 3, determining the state of the directional antenna node.
And the directional antenna nodes in the self-organizing network sequentially take out a bit value in a scanning sequence of the directional antenna nodes, and determine the antenna state in one scanning period according to the value, wherein the antenna state comprises a receiving state and a sending state.
And 4, judging the state of the directional antenna node.
A step 17 of judging whether the directional antenna node is in a receiving state or a sending state, and if the directional antenna node is in the receiving state, executing the directional antenna node to receive information; if the node is in the sending state, the step 5 of sending information by the directional antenna node is executed.
And 5, reading the command record of the directional antenna node sector.
The directional antenna node in the transmitting state enters a sector of the directional antenna node in sequence, and the command record of the sector is read. The sequence of the sector commands for reading the directional antenna node in the transmission state is as follows: and each directional antenna node in the sending state aims at any one directional antenna sector in the directional antenna sectors at the positive north direction, the directional antenna sector is numbered as the sector No. 1, the rest directional antenna sectors are numbered according to the ascending sequence of the clockwise directional antenna sector numbers, the command of the directional antenna sector is read from the directional antenna sector No. 1, and then the command of the directional antenna sector is read sequentially according to the sequence of the directional antenna sector numbers from small to large.
And 6, judging whether the command of the directional antenna node sector exists, if so, executing the step 8, otherwise, executing the step 7.
And 7, the directional antenna node in the sending state sends HELLO information in the sector judged in the step 6.
And 8, judging whether the command of the directional antenna node sector is to execute the transmission suppression operation, if so, executing the step 9, otherwise, executing the step 10.
And 9, the directional antenna node in the transmitting state performs the transmission suppression operation on the sector judged in the step 8. Performing the transmission suppression operation means: the directional antenna node generates a random number in the range of 1 to 10, and if the random number is less than or equal to 5, the directional antenna node changes the state of the sector judged in the step 8 into a receiving state to receive information; otherwise, the directional antenna node keeps the sending state of the sector judged in the step 8 unchanged, and sends information.
And 10, judging whether the command of the directional antenna node sector is to send report collision information REPcon, if so, executing the step 11, otherwise, executing the step 12.
And 11, the directional antenna node in the sending state sends the report collision information REPcon in the sector judged in the step 10.
And step 12, judging whether the command of the directional antenna node sector is to send a first reply message REPack1, if so, executing step 13, otherwise, executing step 14.
And step 13, the directional antenna node in the sending state sends the first reply message REPack1 to the sector judged in the step 12.
And 14, judging whether the command of the directional antenna node sector is to send a second reply message REPack2, if so, executing the step 15, otherwise, executing the step 16.
And step 15, the directional antenna node in the sending state sends the second reply message REPack2 to the sector judged in the step 14.
And step 16, judging whether the sending information sector of the directional antenna node in the receiving state is a termination sector, if so, executing step 29, otherwise, executing step 5.
And step 17, receiving the information by the directional antenna node.
The directional antenna node in the receiving state enters a sector of the directional antenna node in sequence to receive information. The sequence of entering the sectors of the directional antenna node in the receiving state is: and each directional antenna node in a receiving state aims at any one directional antenna sector in the directional antenna sectors to the south alignment direction, the directional antenna sector is numbered as the sector No. 1, the rest directional antenna sectors are numbered according to the ascending sequence of the clockwise directional antenna sector numbers, the directional antenna sector is started to enter from the sector No. 1 to receive signals, and then the directional antenna sectors are sequentially entered to receive the signals according to the sequence of the directional antenna sector numbers from small to large.
And 18, judging whether the information received by the directional antenna node generates conflict, if so, executing the step 19, otherwise, executing the step 20. The information conflict means: if the strength of the information received by the directional antenna node is greater than the strength threshold of the transmitted information in the case that only one directional antenna is transmitting, and the information frame cannot be recovered due to decoding failure, an information collision occurs.
And 19, the directional antenna node in the receiving state records the command of the sector sending report collision information REPcon judged in the step 18.
And 20, judging whether the information received by the directional antenna node is report collision information REPcon, if so, executing the step 21, otherwise, executing the step 22.
And step 21, the directional antenna node in the receiving state records that the sector judged in the step 20 enters into execution of transmission suppression operation.
And step 22, judging whether the information received by the directional antenna node is HELLO information, if so, executing step 23, otherwise, executing step 24.
And step 23, if the first handshake is successful, the directional antenna node in the receiving state records a command that the sector judged in step 22 sends the first reply message REPack 1.
And 24, judging whether the message received by the directional antenna node is the first reply message REPack1, if so, executing the step 25, otherwise, executing the step 26.
And step 25, the second handshake is successful, and the directional antenna node in the receiving state records the command that the sector judged in the step 24 sends the second reply message replay 2.
And 26, judging whether the message received by the directional antenna node is the second reply message REPack2, if so, executing the step 27, otherwise, executing the step 28.
And 27, the three-way handshake is successful, and the directional antenna node in the sending state discovers a neighbor node.
And 28, judging whether the receiving information sector of the directional antenna node in the receiving state is a termination sector, if so, executing the step 29, otherwise, executing the step 17.
And 29, judging whether the scanning sequence of the directional antenna node reads the last digit value according to the sequence in the step 3, if so, executing the step 30, otherwise, executing the step 3.
And step 30, finishing the scanning.
Claims (5)
1. A method for rapidly discovering neighbor nodes based on pure directional antennas is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) scanning sequences selected from the ad hoc network:
(1a) the length of the scanning sequence in the ad hoc network is determined according to the following formula:
wherein,representing the Hamming weight in all binary codes of length NC denotes performing a combined number operation, N denotes the length of the scanning sequence in the ad hoc network,indicating a rounding-down operation, wherein L indicates the maximum value of the number of nodes in the self-organizing network;
(1b) the Hamming weight is selected from all binary codes of length NN denotes the length of the scanning sequence in the ad hoc network;
(1c) sorting the selected binary codes according to the numerical value;
(2) allocating a scanning sequence:
distributing the sorted binary codes to each directional antenna node in the self-organizing network according to the rule that the sorting number is equal to the ID number of the directional antenna node in the self-organizing network, wherein each directional antenna node takes the distributed binary codes as a scanning sequence of the directional antenna node;
(3) determining the state of the directional antenna node:
a directional antenna node in the self-organizing network sequentially takes out a bit value in a scanning sequence of the directional antenna node, and determines an antenna state in a scanning period according to the value, wherein the antenna state comprises a receiving state and a sending state;
(4) judging the state of the directional antenna node:
judging whether the directional antenna node is in a receiving state or a sending state, if so, executing a step (17) of receiving information by the directional antenna node; if the node is in a sending state, executing a step (5) of sending information by the directional antenna node;
(5) reading command records of directional antenna node sectors:
the directional antenna node in the sending state enters a sector of the directional antenna node in sequence, and the command record of the sector is read;
(6) judging whether a command of a directional antenna node sector exists, if so, executing the step (8), otherwise, executing the step (7);
(7) the directional antenna node in the sending state executes the step (16) after the sector judged in the step (6) sends HELLO information HELLO;
(8) judging whether the command of the directional antenna node sector is to execute the sending inhibition operation, if so, executing the step (9), otherwise, executing the step (10);
(9) the directional antenna node in the transmitting state executes the step (16) after the sector judged in the step (8) executes the transmission suppression operation;
the executing the transmission suppression operation comprises the following steps: the directional antenna node generates a random number in the range of 1 to 10, and if the random number is less than or equal to 5, the directional antenna node changes the state of the sector judged in the step (8) into a receiving state to receive information; otherwise, the directional antenna node keeps the sending state of the sector judged in the step (8) unchanged, and sends information;
(10) judging whether the command of the directional antenna node sector is to send report collision information REPcon, if so, executing the step (11), otherwise, executing the step (12);
(11) the directional antenna node in the sending state executes the step (16) after the sector judged in the step (10) sends the report collision information REPcon;
(12) judging whether the command of the directional antenna node sector is to send a first reply message REPack1, if so, executing the step (13), otherwise, executing the step (14);
(13) the directional antenna node in the sending state executes the step (16) after the sector judged in the step (12) sends the first reply message REPack 1;
(14) judging whether the command of the directional antenna node sector is to send a second reply message REPack2, if so, executing the step (15), otherwise, executing the step (16);
(15) the directional antenna node in the sending state executes the step (16) after the sector judged in the step (14) sends the second reply message REPack 2;
(16) judging whether the sending information sector of the directional antenna node in the receiving state is a termination sector, if so, executing a step (29), otherwise, executing a step (5);
(17) receiving information by the directional antenna node:
the directional antenna node in the receiving state enters a sector of the directional antenna node in sequence to receive information;
(18) judging whether the information received by the directional antenna node generates conflict, if so, executing the step (19), otherwise, executing the step (20);
(19) the directional antenna node in the receiving state records the command of the report collision information REPcon sent by the sector judged in the step (18) and then executes the step (28);
(20) judging whether the information received by the directional antenna node is report conflict information REPcon, if so, executing step (21), otherwise, executing step (22);
(21) the directional antenna node in the receiving state records the sector judged in the step (20) to enter and execute the sending inhibition operation and then executes the step (28);
(22) judging whether the information received by the directional antenna node is HELLO information, if so, executing step (23), otherwise, executing step (24);
(23) if the first handshake is successful, the directional antenna node in the receiving state records the command that the sector judged in the step (22) sends the first reply message replay 1, and then executes the step (28);
(24) judging whether the information received by the directional antenna node is the first reply information REPack1, if so, executing the step (25), otherwise, executing the step (26);
(25) the second handshake is successful, and the directional antenna node in the receiving state records the command that the sector judged in the step (24) sends the second reply message replay 2 and then executes the step (28);
(26) judging whether the information received by the directional antenna node is the second reply information REPack2, if so, executing the step (27), otherwise, executing the step (28);
(27) the three-way handshake is successful, and the directional antenna node in the sending state executes the step (28) after finding a neighbor node;
(28) judging whether the receiving information sector of the directional antenna node in the receiving state is a termination sector, if so, executing a step (29), otherwise, executing a step (17);
(29) judging whether the scanning sequence of the directional antenna node reads the last digit value according to the sequence in the step (3), if so, executing the step (30), otherwise, executing the step (3);
(30) the scanning is ended.
2. The method for rapidly discovering neighbor nodes based on pure directional antennas according to claim 1, wherein: the sequence of the scanning sequence for reading the directional antenna nodes in the step (3) is as follows: and each directional antenna node reads the numerical value of each bit in the scanning sequence of the directional antenna node in sequence from left to right.
3. The method for rapidly discovering neighbor nodes based on pure directional antennas according to claim 1, wherein: the sequence of the sector commands for reading the directional antenna nodes in the sending state in the step (5) is as follows: and each directional antenna node in the sending state aims at any one directional antenna sector in the directional antenna sectors at the positive north direction, the directional antenna sector is numbered as the sector No. 1, the rest directional antenna sectors are numbered according to the ascending sequence of the clockwise directional antenna sector numbers, the command of the directional antenna sector is read from the directional antenna sector No. 1, and then the command of the directional antenna sector is read sequentially according to the sequence of the directional antenna sector numbers from small to large.
4. The method for rapidly discovering neighbor nodes based on pure directional antennas according to claim 1, wherein: the sequence of entering the sector of the directional antenna node in the receiving state in step (17) is: and each directional antenna node in a receiving state aims at any one directional antenna sector in the directional antenna sectors to the south alignment direction, the directional antenna sector is numbered as the sector No. 1, the rest directional antenna sectors are numbered according to the ascending sequence of the clockwise directional antenna sector numbers, the directional antenna sector is started to enter from the sector No. 1 to receive signals, and then the directional antenna sectors are sequentially entered to receive the signals according to the sequence of the directional antenna sector numbers from small to large.
5. The method for rapidly discovering neighbor nodes based on pure directional antennas according to claim 1, wherein: the information conflict in the step (18) is that: if the strength of the information received by the directional antenna node is greater than the strength threshold of the transmitted information in the case that only one directional antenna is transmitting, and the information frame cannot be recovered due to decoding failure, an information collision occurs.
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| CN108521648B (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2020-03-27 | 北京航空航天大学 | Directional antenna self-adaptive neighbor discovery method based on historical information |
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| CN103686611A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-03-26 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Novel neighbor finding method based on directional antenna |
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| CN102006577A (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2011-04-06 | 重庆金美通信有限责任公司 | Multi-antenna multi-sector based neighborhood node information discovery and maintenance method of wireless MESH network |
| CN103686611A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-03-26 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Novel neighbor finding method based on directional antenna |
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