CN104753793A - Method for statefull management of access terminal under stateless internet protocol version 6 (IPv6) configuration - Google Patents
Method for statefull management of access terminal under stateless internet protocol version 6 (IPv6) configuration Download PDFInfo
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- CN104753793A CN104753793A CN201310732674.6A CN201310732674A CN104753793A CN 104753793 A CN104753793 A CN 104753793A CN 201310732674 A CN201310732674 A CN 201310732674A CN 104753793 A CN104753793 A CN 104753793A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for statefull management of an access terminal under stateless internet protocol version 6 (IPv6) configuration. The method is carried out at a mobile router side and comprises the steps of establishing a connection with the access terminal; sending a router advertisement to the access terminal, wherein the router advertisement carries an IPv6 prefix for configuring an IPv6 address; receiving the first IPv6 package sent from the access terminal, wherein the IPv6 package carries the IPv6 address configured by the access terminal; sending a neighbor solicitation to the access terminal; receiving a neighbor advertisement from the access terminal, wherein the neighbor advertisement comprises a media access control (MAC) address of the access terminal; establishing mapping entries of the IPv6 address, the MAC address and an IPv4 address obtained from an allocated address pool of the IPv4, and adding into a mapping table; and managing the access terminal with the IPv4 address according to an IPv4 statefull management way.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to network communication field, more particularly, relate to and have state (statefull) to manage its method accessed terminal under stateless (stateless) IPv6 distribution mechanism.
Background technology
The Global IP addresses of second-generation internet protocol IP v4 is close to exhausted.This is due to the quantitative limitation of address resource number on the one hand, is the development along with electronic technology and network technology on the other hand, has many products to be connected into fhe global the Internet.Under such circumstances, the IPv6 more enriching address resource is had to arise at the historic moment.Its network and device IP v6 are upgraded by current operator, equipment vendors.Due to IPv4 user and the equipment of substantial amounts in the scale of internet and network, the transition of IPv4 to IPv6 can not disposable realization.Therefore will have between very long co-existence periods between IPv4 and IPv6 agreement.In current router, the two stack of the IPv4v6 that ubiquity IPv4, IPv6 protocol stack runs together.
IPv6 introduces the new features of plug and play, this characteristic requirements stateless (stateless) address assignment.Specifically, router is responsible for broadcasting prefix information, accesses terminal by the IPv6 address of the automatic configure host of prefix information.
Mobile MIFI, CPE are the existing routing function of shared mobile network and the small-sized movable router of WIFI function, and the former is mainly used in public place, and the latter is partial to home network.A new generation's mobile router is based on high-speed mobile communications network LTE.Mobile operator has explicitly called for the equipment such as mobile MIFI, CPE must support IPv6 technology, and wherein stateless IPv6 distributes is essential option.
Contradiction, from mobile operator angle, requires that the flow of statistics mobile MIFI, CPE is used as the basis of rate calculating.This makes there is condition managing to the terminal of couple in router, and such as traffic statistics, static IP distribute, IP address filtering is indispensable function.Existing IPv4MIFI, cpe device possess these management functions certainly, and this has benefited from IPv4 allocation address mechanism inherently state.And IPv6 stateless is when distributing, because router is only responsible for broadcast prefix, cannot carry out aforesaidly has condition managing.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of method having condition managing to access terminal under stateless IPv6 configuration.
The present invention be solve the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme adopted be propose a kind of stateless IPv6 configuration under have condition managing to access terminal method, be mobile router end perform, the method comprises the following steps: accessing terminal with this connects; To this transmission router advertisement message that accesses terminal, this router advertisement message carries the IPv6 prefix in order to configuration of IP v6 address; Receive from this first IPv6 bag sent that accesses terminal, this IPv6 bag carries this IPv6 address accessing terminal configured; Access terminal send neighbor request message to this; From this reception neighbor advertisement message that accesses terminal, this neighbor advertisement message comprises this MAC Address accessed terminal; This IPv6 address, this MAC Address and the IPv4 address that obtains from IPv4 allocation address pond are set up mapping relations entry, adds in a mapping table; And use this IPv4 address, there is condition managing mode to manage this according to IPv4 and access terminal.
In one embodiment of this invention, said method also comprises when this IPv4 address change, again consults IPv4 address and upgrades this mapping table.
In one embodiment of this invention, if said method also comprises this generation address conflict that accesses terminal, in a conflict list, the IPv6 address clashed is recorded; Wrap when receiving this IPv6 sent with an IPv6 address after conflict disappears that accesses terminal, then the 2nd IPv6 address of current configuration is recorded in a backup chained list, and configures as current address using an IPv6 address.
In one embodiment of this invention, said method also comprises: access terminal and reuse when receiving this IPv6 bag that the 2nd IPv6 address sends, then an IPv6 address of current use is recorded in a backup chained list, and uses as current address using the 2nd IPv6 address.
In one embodiment of this invention, said method also comprises when receiving IPv6 bag, then perform following flow process: the source address comprised in wrapping with this IPv6 inquires about this mapping table; If do not find the entry of coupling, then start a timer; This IPv6 of buffer memory wraps; Carry out DHCP to consult to obtain this IPv4 address; And after obtaining this IPv4 address, the IPv6 bag of process buffer memory, not yet obtains this IPv4 address when this timer expiry, then abandon the IPv6 bag of buffer memory.
In one embodiment of this invention, said method this have condition managing to comprise traffic statistics, these traffic statistics be process buffer memory IPv6 bag after perform.
In one embodiment of this invention, said method also comprises forwarding IPv6 bag after traffic statistics.
In one embodiment of this invention, said method this have condition managing to comprise in traffic statistics, packet filtering, fixed ip address and blacklist one or more.
In one embodiment of this invention, said method this have condition managing to comprise fixed ip address, receive IPv6 bag after, the step of this fixed ip address comprises: with this IPv6 wrap in IPv6 address, source corresponding to MAC Address inquire about a fixed ip address table; If find the entry of coupling, then regard as correct fixing IPv6 address; If do not find the entry of coupling, then inquire about a DAD conflict list; If this DAD conflict list has matched record, then IPv6 address, this source is inserted a backup chained list, and the backup IPv6 address in this backup chained list is used as fixing IPv6 address, if DAD conflict list does not have matched record, then inquire about this backup chained list; And if this backup chained list has matched record, then using the backup IPv6 address in this backup chained list as fixing IPv6 address configuration, and this backup chained list is inserted in IPv6 address, this source.
In one embodiment of this invention, said method to this step of sending router advertisement message of accessing terminal in response to this router request message of sending and performing of accessing terminal.
In one embodiment of this invention, said method is periodic execution to this step sending router advertisement message that accesses terminal.
The present invention, owing to making full use of existing IPv4 technical scheme, has condition managing to IPv6 node under stateless.The condition managing such as make the equipment such as mobile router MIFI, CPE of shared mobile traffic demand can carry out that collection service condition, traffic statistics, customization and rate are prepared to respectively accessing terminal.And router does not increase any hardware, accessing terminal does not increase extra software and hardware process and agreement transformation, can effectively access terminal by managing I Pv6.
Accompanying drawing explanation
For above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is elaborated, wherein:
Fig. 1 illustrates exemplary implementation environment of the present invention.
What Fig. 2 illustrated one embodiment of the invention has condition managing flow chart.
Fig. 3 illustrates the traffic statistics flow chart of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 illustrates the fixed ip address flow chart of one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention describe a kind of method having condition managing to access terminal under stateless IPv6 configuration.That is, stateless IPv6 is accessed terminal carry out having the management of state by a kind of technological means.Like this, the user of the equipment such as MIFI, CPE can be effective, safe, planned management its equipment (notebook, mobile phone, panel computer, game machine etc.) connected and operation cost (as rate).
An important feature of IPv6 is plug and play, and this can greatly reduce network administration cost.But to the router as end direct-link node, especially mobile router (as MIFI, CPE), it is almost necessary for managing that it accesses terminal.Such as, analyze the service condition, flow etc. that respectively access terminal, thus add up the service condition of whole MIFI.Such as, only have for security consideration and specify some terminals to access, specify IP address, ip packet filter, blacklist etc. that some terminal distribution are specified.Existing stateless IPv6 address assignment does not have such technology and scheme.
Have condition managing than being easier to realization under current IP v4 mechanism, transition and development to IPv6 need the two mode stack of IPv4 and IPv6 within a very long time.Based on this situation, embodiments of the invention are by setting up mapping relations between IPv4 and IPv6, then go managing I Pv6 to access terminal by the state form that has that IPv4 accesses terminal.
Fig. 1 illustrates exemplary implementation environment of the present invention.Shown in figure 1, one is linked into cellular mobile communication networks, and the 3G network of such as various pattern, the mobile router 101 of LTE network can provide route to multiple 102a of accessing terminal, 102b, 102c.Mobile router 101 both can be connected by wired mode (such as USB connecting line) with respectively accessing terminal between 102a, 102b, 102c, also can (such as WIFI) connect to wirelessly.Mobile router 101 can be the routing devices such as MIFI, CPE.Respectively access terminal 102a, 102b, 102c can be such as notebook, mobile phone, panel computer, game machine or other need networking terminal.Mobile router 101 and respectively access terminal 102a, 102b, 102c all support the two mode stack of IPv4 and IPv6.
What Fig. 2 illustrated one embodiment of the invention has condition managing flow chart.This flow process implements in mobile router 101.Shown in figure 2, flow process comprises following basic step:
In step 201, router connects with accessing terminal.
Such as, access terminal and be connected to router by USB mode or WIFI mode.
In step 202, send router advertisement message (Router Advertisement, RA) to accessing terminal.Router advertisement message carries the IPv6 prefix in order to configuration of IP v6 address.
By this message, router notices IPv6 prefix to accessing terminal and oneself exists, and informs that this prefix of incoming end can be configured to IPv6 address.
According to Neighbor Discovery Protocol, step 202 can be respond by router the router request message (Router solicitation, RS) that sends and performing of accessing terminal, and also can be periodically performed on one's own initiative by router.
Access terminal information such as can resolving RA prefix, DNS, and configure global I Pv6 address and DNS information.Detected by DAD (NS, NA) subsequently and be confirmed whether address uniqueness, once after confirming uniqueness, the IPv6 that accesses terminal has configured.Following table 1 is node IP v6 global address.
Global I Pv6 address | prefix+interface ID |
The local IPv6 address of link | fe80+interface ID |
Table 1
Step 203, receive the first IPv6 bag sent from accessing terminal, this IPv6 bag carries the IPv6 address accessing terminal configured.
Step 204, sends neighbor request message (Neighbor Solicitation, NS) to accessing terminal.
Step 205, receives neighbor advertisement message (Neighbor Advertisement, NA) from accessing terminal.Neighbor advertisement message comprises this MAC Address accessed terminal.
Step 204 and step 205 are also perform according to Neighbor Discovery Protocol.
Step 206, sets up mapping relations entry by IPv6 address, MAC Address and the IPv4 address that obtains from IPv4 allocation address pond, adds in a mapping table.
Following table 2 illustrates IPv4, IPv6, Mac, the mapping relations that access terminal table
Terminal name | MAC | IPv4 address | IPv6Interface ID |
Intel_Cor | XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX | 192.168.0.2 | 8495:e279:a19b:6915 |
Iphone | YY:YY:YY:YY:YY:YY | 192.168.0.3 | 8495:e279:a19b:6916 |
Router uses the table of allocation address of MAC Address coupling DHCPv4, and forms a mapping table with IPv4 address, IPv6 address.Corresponding IPv4 address can be found subsequently by IPv6 address.
Step 207, uses this IPv4 address, has condition managing mode to manage this access terminal according to IPv4.
That is, after establishing IPv6 address and IPv6 address, condition managing mode can be had to carry out the access of managing I Pv6 stateless according to IPv4.
After step 206 establishes mapping relations, if for a certain reason, IPv4 address or IPv6 address there occurs change, then need to upgrade above-mentioned mapping table.
Specifically, if IPv4 address is changed, such as IPv4 Address lease time expires, server exception etc. causes to another IPv4 address of client code reassignment.This situation can postpone to upgrade above-mentioned mapping table, namely again consults only to remove IPv4 address pool in the process of IPv4 address, synchronous above-mentioned mapping table again after consulting to terminate.
When the IPv6 that accesses terminal configures automatically, if there is IP address conflict, can InterfaceID be regenerated, and produce based on new Interface ID and use new IPv6 address (being referred to as the 2nd IPv6 address).Two that clash if follow-up access terminal and in succession leave network after, if one of them accesses terminal again during access network, if attempt original Interface ID and do not use new Interface ID, so original IPv6 address (being referred to as an IPv6 address) can be got back in IPv6 address.For this reason, embodiments of the invention increase the backup chained list of an IPv6Interface ID, chained list comes from monitoring and the collection of RS, RA bag in the DAD algorithmic procedure in Address Autoconfiguration stage, and if there is address conflict, router can record an IPv6 address of conflict as backup address.If the 2nd IPv6 address D AD conflicts again, so the 2nd IPv6 address is also as backup address, the like.Following table 3 is backup chained lists:
Table 3
In table 3, left side is the IPv6 address of current use of accessing terminal, and right side is the IPv6 address of backup.
In addition, above-mentioned access terminal trial the one IPv6 address time current IP v6 address (the 2nd IPv6 address) can be inserted in table 3 as backup address.Like this when access terminal again access network time, new IPv6 address (i.e. aforesaid 2nd IPv6 address) may be employed again due to address conflict, because have recorded the 2nd IPv6 address in backup list, one IPv6 address of current configuration is re-recorded in aforementioned backup chained list, and configures as current address using the 2nd IPv6 address.
In addition, after router is started shooting at every turn, when the first time that accesses terminal is accessed, IPv6 address assignment may complete before IPv4 address assignment, caused like this forwarding corresponding IPv6 bag.In an embodiment of the present invention, arrange and wrapped by router temporary cache IPv6, open a timer simultaneously, if timer expiry and IPv4 address is also unallocated arrives, then delete the IPv6 bag of buffer memory, return a router to source terminal and do not reach erroneous packets.
In an embodiment of the present invention, have condition managing can comprise in traffic statistics, packet filtering, fixed ip address, blacklist etc. one or more.
Typically, the object for calculating rate can comprise traffic statistics.Increase the flow of IPv6 according to IPv4 mapping table, two additions draw the flow that main frame is corresponding.
Fig. 3 illustrates the traffic statistics flow chart of one embodiment of the invention.With reference to figure 3, flow process comprises:
In step 301, receive IPv6 bag;
In step 302, inquire about aforesaid mapping table with the source address comprised in IPv6 bag;
In step 303, judge whether the entry finding coupling, if find the entry of coupling, then directly enter step 313, carry out traffic statistics, otherwise enter step 304;
In step 304, judge whether timer starts, if do not started, enter step 305, otherwise enter step 306;
In step 305, start timer;
In step 306, judge that whether timer is overtime, if overtime, enter step 311, otherwise enter step 307;
In step 307, buffer memory IPv6 wraps;
In step 308, carry out DHCP and consult to obtain IPv4 address;
In step 309, judge whether timer occurs overtime alarm, if time-out, enter step 311, otherwise proceed to step 310;
In step 310, judge that whether DHCP consults successful, if success, enters step 312, otherwise enter step 311;
In step 311, abandon the IPv6 bag of buffer memory;
In step 312, after consulting successfully at DHCP, obtaining this IPv4 address, the IPv6 bag of process buffer memory;
At this, the IPv6 bag of buffer memory had both comprised the IPv6 bag of this buffer memory, also comprised the IPv6 bag of buffer memory before this;
In step 313, carry out traffic statistics;
In step 314, forward IPv6 bag.
In the present embodiment, the timing of timer can complete, when timing time-out, by such as interrupt mode notice main thread in a thread independent independent of of above-mentioned thread.
Further, the step 307-310 in above-mentioned thread also can complete in another independent thread.Namely, after step 306, start this another thread and start to perform step 307.In the process, main thread also can continue to receive IPv6 bag.In a step 309, can notify that timer is reported to the police by main thread to this another thread, make this another thread stall.
Filter the general following several mode of IP bag: Destination MAC and source MAC address filtering, IP protocol filtering and target ip address and source address IP filter.Substantially use above-mentioned mapping table to implement packet filtering within the ability of those of ordinary skill in the art, do not launch to describe at this.
Fixed ip address is to the IPv6 address fixing with MAC distribution that access terminal of specifying.IPv4 can safeguard an address configuration table, and DHCPv4 joins table according to this and carries out allocation address.But IPv6 address is not router decides, in order to fix an IPv6 address, first can record the IPv6 address of first time configuration, follow-up flow process using this address as the fixed address accessed terminal.Use other IPv6 addresses if originally accessed terminal, so router can think unauthorized access, reaches the object of fixed ip address like this.
For this reason, IPv4 fixed ip address table is modified as with the same form of above table, and IPv6 default value is empty, fills out this and be saved in flash memory after first time configuration.
In addition, access terminal and may produce IPv6 address change in order to the problem of managing conflict, consider at these needs and allow this change.
Fig. 4 illustrates the fixed ip address flow chart of one embodiment of the invention.Shown in figure 4, flow process is as follows:
In step 401, router receives IPv6 bag.IPv6 address, source is carried, the IPv6 address namely accessed terminal in IPv6 bag.
In step 402, router sends neighbor request message to accessing terminal,
In step 403, router is from the reception neighbor advertisement message that accesses terminal.Neighbor advertisement message comprises this MAC Address accessed terminal.
In step 404, use MAC Address to search fixed ip address table, to judge in fixed ip address table whether recorded IPv6 address.When Query Result shows the record not having this to access terminal, flow process jumps to step 405, otherwise flow process enters Query Result when showing to exist the record that this accesses terminal, and flow process enters step 406.
In step 405, this accesses terminal is not fixed ip address, as normally wrapping process.
In step 406, judge whether the IPv6 address in this record is non-NULL further.The meaning of this judgement is to confirm whether IPv6 is the first time use that accesses terminal, and if so, then also do not have IPv6 address (address is for empty) in now recording, flow process leaps to step 417.If address non-NULL, the also non-first time that shows to access terminal uses this address, enters step 407.
In step 407, judge whether the IPv6 address accessed terminal mates with the address in fixed ip address table, if coupling, then enter step 408, if do not mated, then enter step 409.
In step 408, think that the IPv6 address accessed terminal is correct fixing IPv6 address, configuration completes.
In step 409, the DAD conflict list in querying router, confirms whether the IPv6 address that this accesses terminal address conflict occurred.
In step 410, if there is matched record, shows that conflict occurred in this IPv6 address, enter step 411, otherwise show that conflict did not occur in this IPv6 address, enter step 412.
Access terminal use IPv6 address have the reason of matched record normally to access terminal through restarting at DAD conflict list, again access after, attempt using original IPv6 address (referred to here as an IPv6 address) of causing conflict, and at this moment do not access because another clashing accesses terminal, therefore aforesaid accessing terminal successfully is used an IPv6 address.But, the aforesaid IPv6 address accessed terminal configured in router is actually aforesaid another IPv6 address (referred to here as the 2nd IPv6 address) clashing rear change that accesses terminal, therefore routers, the IPv6 address used that accesses terminal there occurs change.But, owing to have recorded this conflict and an IPv6 address in router in DAD conflict list, therefore in step 411,2nd IPv6 address of current for router configuration can be inserted in backup chained list (see table 3), and in step 412, the IPv6 address in conflict list be configured as fixing IPv6 address further.
On the other hand, behind use the one IPv6 address that accesses terminal, if clashed again after again accessing, the 2nd IPv6 address may be re-used.At this moment the 2nd IPv6 address does not have matched record in conflict list.Therefore in step 413, inquiry backup chained list.In step 414, if there is matched record, namely enter step 415, this 2nd IPv6 address is configured as fixing IPv6 address, and an IPv6 address of current configuration is inserted in backup chained list, carry out the exchange of the two.If there is no matched record, then step 416 using access terminal use IPv6 address as illegal address, abandon its IPv6 and wrap.
In step 417, preserve IPv6 address, configuration completes.
In step 418, the address configured is saved in flash memory.
Blacklist is the couple in router that accesses terminal of forbidding specifying MAC Address.This management directly uses mac address filter, the same with IPv4 processing method.
The above embodiment of the present invention makes full use of existing IPv4 technical scheme, has condition managing to IPv6 node under stateless.The condition managing such as make the equipment such as mobile router MIFI, CPE of shared mobile traffic demand can carry out that collection service condition, traffic statistics, customization and rate are prepared to respectively accessing terminal.Embodiments of the invention utilize existing IPv4 technical scheme, and router does not increase any hardware, accessing terminal does not increase extra software and hardware process and agreement transformation, can effectively access terminal by managing I Pv6.
Although the present invention describes with reference to current specific embodiment, but those of ordinary skill in the art will be appreciated that, above embodiment is only used to the present invention is described, change or the replacement of various equivalence also can be made when not departing from spirit of the present invention, therefore, as long as all will drop in the scope of claims of the application the change of above-described embodiment, modification in spirit of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. the method having condition managing to access terminal under stateless IPv6 configuration, be perform at mobile router end, the method comprises the following steps:
Access terminal with this and connect;
To this transmission router advertisement message that accesses terminal, this router advertisement message carries the IPv6 prefix in order to configuration of IP v6 address;
Receive from this first IPv6 bag sent that accesses terminal, this IPv6 bag carries this IPv6 address accessing terminal configured;
Access terminal send neighbor request message to this;
From this reception neighbor advertisement message that accesses terminal, this neighbor advertisement message comprises this MAC Address accessed terminal;
This IPv6 address, this MAC Address and the IPv4 address that obtains from IPv4 allocation address pond are set up mapping relations entry, adds in a mapping table; And
Use this IPv4 address, have condition managing mode to manage this according to IPv4 and access terminal.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises when this IPv4 address change, again consults IPv4 address and upgrades this mapping table.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises:
The generation address conflict if this accesses terminal, records the IPv6 address clashed in a conflict list;
Wrap when receiving this IPv6 sent with an IPv6 address after conflict disappears that accesses terminal, then the 2nd IPv6 address of current configuration is recorded in a backup chained list, and configures as current address using an IPv6 address.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, also comprise:
Access terminal and reuse when receiving this IPv6 bag that the 2nd IPv6 address sends, then an IPv6 address of current use is recorded in a backup chained list, and uses as current address using the 2nd IPv6 address.
5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises when receiving IPv6 bag, then performs following flow process:
The source address comprised in wrapping with this IPv6 inquires about this mapping table;
If do not find the entry of coupling, then start a timer;
This IPv6 of buffer memory wraps;
Carry out DHCP to consult to obtain this IPv4 address; And
After obtaining this IPv4 address, the IPv6 bag of process buffer memory, not yet obtains this IPv4 address when this timer expiry, then abandon the IPv6 bag of buffer memory.
6. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, this has condition managing to comprise traffic statistics, and these traffic statistics perform after the IPv6 bag of process buffer memory.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, also comprises and forward IPv6 bag after traffic statistics.
8. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, this have condition managing to comprise in traffic statistics, packet filtering, fixed ip address and blacklist one or more.
9. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, this has condition managing to comprise fixed ip address, and after receiving IPv6 bag, the step of this fixed ip address comprises:
MAC Address corresponding to IPv6 address, source in wrapping with this IPv6 inquires about a fixed ip address table;
If find the entry of coupling, then regard as correct fixing IPv6 address;
If do not find the entry of coupling, then inquire about a DAD conflict list;
If this DAD conflict list has matched record, then IPv6 address, this source is inserted a backup chained list, and the backup IPv6 address in this backup chained list is used as fixing IPv6 address, if DAD conflict list does not have matched record, then inquire about this backup chained list; And
If this backup chained list has matched record, then using the backup IPv6 address in this backup chained list as fixing IPv6 address configuration, and this backup chained list is inserted in IPv6 address, this source.
10. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, to this step of sending router advertisement message of accessing terminal in response to this router request message of sending and performing of accessing terminal.
11. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, are periodic execution to this step sending router advertisement message that accesses terminal.
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