CN104753250B - A kind of electric car travel increasing device flywheel-type TRT - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of electric car travel increasing device flywheel-type TRT it is characterised in that：Including stator core, armature winding, axle, flywheel casing, permanent magnet, magnetic conductive soft iron and not magnetic conduction lasso, the false pole that wherein soft iron is made and permanent magnetic steel are spaced and are bonded in rotor core the pole that partners, the magnetic direction that all of permanent magnetic steel produces is consistent, outside inside rotor or both facing to rotor；Described vacation pole shape and size are equal with permanent magnetic steel；False pole and the permanent-magnet magnetic steel capital are fixed in rotor core using not magnetic conduction lasso；Described permanent magnetism magnetic pole and false pole are all cuboids.The technology of the present invention can effectively reduce manufacturing cost.

Description

A flywheel power generation device for an electric vehicle range extender

technical field

The invention relates to a flywheel type power generation device for an electric vehicle range extender, which belongs to the technical field of automobile electrical appliances.

Background technique

Although pure electric vehicles have the advantages of energy saving, environmental protection, and zero emissions, their driving range is limited. If the electric energy is exhausted before reaching the destination, the car cannot move forward. The range extender is composed of an engine and a generator, which can supplement electric energy to the battery at any time and solve the problem of short driving range of pure electric vehicles. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a generator with high power density and high cost performance for pure electric vehicle range extender.

It has been reported that the Chevrolet Volt sedan of General Motors, the Riich M1 sedan of Chery Automobile Company, and the Audi A1 e-tron sedan are equipped with range extenders. At present, the generators used in range extenders reported at home and abroad mainly use permanent magnet generators or electric excitation generators. Permanent magnet generators have the advantages of high efficiency and high power density, and have broad application prospects.

In the existing technology, the power generation device with flywheel structure can be thought of by referring to the following invention patents. Authorized invention patent: Centrifugal permanent magnet starter generator, authorization number: ZL 200510044107.7, invented a starter generator with multiple permanent magnet materials fixed on the inner wall of the outer rotor of the flywheel. The armature windings for starting and the armature windings for power generation are independent, the number of coils is equal to the number of permanent magnets, and the N poles and S poles of the permanent magnets are arranged at intervals. depth. Since the number of coils is equal to the number of permanent magnets, the motor with this structure can only be a single-phase motor.

In the authorized invention patent: three-phase half-wave controllable rectification and voltage stabilization electronic regulator, a three-phase half-wave controllable rectification and voltage stabilization electronic regulator has been developed for a permanent magnet generator with 12 poles and 36 slots device. One pole of this traditional permanent magnet generator corresponds to three slots, so each coil is wound on three teeth, and there are three coils on the outside of each tooth, and there is more overlap between the coils in the radial direction, so the slot full rate Difficult to improve. Moreover, the motor with integer slot windings also has disadvantages such as large cogging torque.

Authorized invention patent: a motor for an automobile without idling system, patent number: 201310174948.4, which proposes an automobile motor with a stator pole number of 12k and a rotor pole number of 2p, and 10k≤2p≤14k, where k and p are Natural number. At present, the most widely used motor on electric bicycles and other low-speed electric vehicles is a 46-pole 51-slot motor. Both of the above two motors are concentrated windings with fractional slots, with a large number of poles, and the magnetic flux leakage between the two poles is relatively serious. At the same time, the motor with fractional slot concentrated winding still has problems such as small winding distribution factor.

With the excessive mining of rare earth resources in my country and the increasing demand for rare earth permanent magnets year by year, the price of rare earth permanent magnet materials is also becoming more and more expensive, even accounting for 40% of an electric vehicle motor. Therefore, reducing the use of rare earth permanent magnet materials can greatly reduce the production cost of enterprises.

The technology disclosed in the present invention is different from the above solutions. First of all, the optimized new electromagnetic topology adopted in this paper can significantly reduce the usage of permanent magnets. This is based on simulation and theoretical calculation results. Through modeling and theoretical calculation of the permanent magnet motor, the inventors have concluded that, to a certain extent, increasing the thickness of the permanent magnet cannot increase the output power of the motor. With the help of this conclusion, the present invention proposes a structural scheme in which a permanent magnet and a magnetically permeable soft iron combine to form a pair of magnetic poles, and the mechanism of the present invention also effectively reduces the amount of magnetic flux leakage between the poles.

In addition, the technology of the present invention neither adopts the integer slot motor technology in which each pole corresponds to one slot or three slots, nor is it the fractional slot winding in which the number of poles and the number of slots are not much different, but is between the two A new type of cogging, and a winding configuration scheme is proposed for this new type of cogging. Due to the particularity of the structure, there is no universally applicable rule for the winding configuration under this new cog matching. Therefore, the winding configuration scheme claimed in this paper is a special scheme, not a general law. However, this new cogging matching scheme has the comprehensive advantages of large distribution factor of integer slot winding and small cogging torque of fractional slot winding.

Contents of the invention

In order to invent a flywheel-type power generation device for an electric vehicle range extender, reduce the amount of permanent magnets used in the motor and the flux leakage coefficient, and improve the winding distribution factor and slot fullness of the motor, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A flywheel type power generation device for an electric vehicle range extender, characterized in that:

Including stator core, armature winding, shaft, flywheel housing, permanent magnet, magnetic soft iron and non-magnetic ferrule;

The magnetically conductive soft iron and the permanent magnet are arranged at intervals and bonded on the inner surface of the flywheel shell, and a magnetically conductive soft iron and a permanent magnet form a pair of poles;

The permanent magnet has multiple pieces and is arc-shaped, and the magnetic fields generated by all the permanent magnets are in the same direction. The arc length of a permanent magnet is greater than 0.3 times the arc length of a pair of poles and less than 0.4 times the arc length of a pair of poles;

The quantity, shape and size of the magnetic soft iron are consistent with the permanent magnet;

The non-magnetic ferrule is a ring made of non-magnetic material, which is fixed on the inner side of the flywheel housing; the peripheral surface of the non-magnetic ferrule has a through hole equal in size to the magnetic soft iron and the permanent magnet for placement and fixing Magnetic soft iron and permanent magnets;

The flywheel casing is fixed at the end of the engine crankshaft, the stator core is fixed on the engine casing, and the flywheel casing can rotate around the stator core.

A flywheel type power generation device for an electric vehicle range extender as described above is characterized in that:

The number of permanent magnets and magnetically conductive soft iron is 8, the number of stator core slots is 36, and each armature coil forming the armature winding is wound across two stator teeth;

A phase winding has 12 coils in total, starting from the first slot, winding 3 coils continuously and then winding out from the 7th slot; then winding in from the 10th slot, winding 3 coils continuously and then winding out from the 16th slot ; Then start winding in from the 19th slot, wind out from the 25th slot after continuously winding 3 coils; then start winding in from the 28th slot, wind out from the 34th slot after continuously winding 3 coils;

The B-phase winding has 12 coils in total, starting from the 7th slot, winding 3 coils continuously and then winding out from the 13th slot; then winding in from the 16th slot, winding 3 coils continuously and then winding out from the 22nd slot ; Then start winding in from the 25th slot, wind out from the 31st slot after continuously winding 3 coils; then start winding in from the 34th slot, wind out from the 4th slot after continuously winding 3 coils;

The phase C winding has 12 coils in total, starting from the 13th slot, winding 3 coils continuously and then winding out from the 20th slot; then winding in from the 23rd slot, winding 3 coils continuously and then winding out from the 28th slot ; Then start winding in from the 31st slot, wind 3 coils continuously and then wind out from the 1st slot; then start winding in from the 4th slot, wind 3 coils continuously and then wind out from the 10th slot.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

(1) After simulation, compared with the traditional motor with permanent magnets in each pole, although the torque of the technology of the present invention is reduced by 10%, the amount of magnet steel is reduced by 40%, and the cost is reduced by about 17%;

⑵Compared with traditional electric bicycle motors, the number of poles is less and the magnetic flux leakage between poles is less;

(3) Compared with the traditional integer slot motor, the winding overlap is less and the slot full rate is higher;

(4) Compared with the traditional fractional slot winding motor with few poles, the distribution factor of the winding is large;

⑸It can operate with electric power and power generation, and has an external rotor structure, which is very suitable for installation on the engine to form a range extender power generation device.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a transverse sectional view of a flywheel type power generation device for an electric vehicle range extender according to the present invention. in:

1. Flywheel housing, 2. Permanent magnet, 3. Magnetic soft iron, 4. Non-magnetic ferrule, 5. Armature winding, 6. Shaft, 7. Stator core.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a flywheel-type power generation device for an electric vehicle range extender according to the present invention. in:

1. Flywheel housing, 2. Permanent magnet, 4. Non-magnetic ferrule, 5. Armature winding, 6. Shaft, 7. Stator core, 8. Fixing bolts, 9. Engine casing.

Fig. 3 is a line drawing of the front 18 slots of a flywheel type power generation device of an electric vehicle range extender according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a simulation diagram of induced electromotive force of a flywheel type power generation device of an electric vehicle range extender according to the present invention.

Figure 5 is an analysis curve of the influence of the thickness of the magnetic steel on the output power.

detailed description

The invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a transverse sectional view of a flywheel type power generation device for an electric vehicle range extender according to the present invention. A flywheel type power generation device for an electric vehicle range extender, characterized in that:

Including stator core, armature winding, shaft, flywheel housing, permanent magnet, magnetic soft iron and non-magnetic ferrule.

The magnetically conductive soft iron and the permanent magnet are arranged at intervals and bonded on the inner surface of the flywheel shell, and a magnetically conductive soft iron and a permanent magnet form a pair of poles.

The permanent magnets are multi-piece and arc-shaped, and the magnetic fields generated by all the permanent magnets are in the same direction, and the arc length of one permanent magnet is greater than 0.3 times of the arc length of a pair of poles and less than 0.4 times of the arc length of a pair of poles.

The quantity, shape and size of the magnetically permeable soft iron are consistent with the permanent magnet.

The non-magnetic ferrule is a ring made of non-magnetic material, which is fixed on the inner side of the flywheel housing; the peripheral surface of the non-magnetic ferrule has a through hole equal in size to the magnetic soft iron and the permanent magnet for placement and fixing Magnetic soft iron and permanent magnets.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a flywheel-type power generation device for an electric vehicle range extender according to the present invention. The flywheel casing is fixed at the end of the engine crankshaft, the stator core is fixed on the engine casing, and the flywheel casing can rotate around the stator core. The non-magnetic ferrule is a ring made of non-magnetic material, which is fixed on the inner side of the flywheel casing.

Fig. 3 is a line drawing of the front 18 slots of a flywheel type power generation device of an electric vehicle range extender of the present invention. The winding method of slots 19-36 and slots 1-18 is the same. It can be seen that the magnetically permeable soft iron and the permanent magnets are arranged at intervals. The number of permanent magnets and magnetic soft iron is 8, the number of stator core slots is 36, and each armature coil forming the armature winding is wound across two stator teeth.

A phase winding has 12 coils in total, starting from the first slot, winding 3 coils continuously and then winding out from the 7th slot; then winding in from the 10th slot, winding 3 coils continuously and then winding out from the 16th slot ; Then start winding in from the 19th slot, wind 3 coils continuously and then wind out from the 25th slot; then start winding in from the 28th slot, wind 3 coils continuously and then wind out from the 34th slot.

The B-phase winding has 12 coils in total, starting from the 7th slot, winding 3 coils continuously and then winding out from the 13th slot; then winding in from the 16th slot, winding 3 coils continuously and then winding out from the 22nd slot ; Then start winding in from the 25th slot, wind out from the 31st slot after winding 3 coils continuously; then start winding in from the 34th slot, wind 3 coils continuously and then wind out from the 4th slot.

The phase C winding has 12 coils in total, starting from the 13th slot, winding 3 coils continuously and then winding out from the 20th slot; then winding in from the 23rd slot, winding 3 coils continuously and then winding out from the 28th slot ; Then start winding in from the 31st slot, wind 3 coils continuously and then wind out from the 1st slot; then start winding in from the 4th slot, wind 3 coils continuously and then wind out from the 10th slot.

Fig. 4 is a simulation diagram of induced electromotive force of a flywheel type power generation device of an electric vehicle range extender according to the present invention. The simulation diagram shows that the technology of the present invention reduces the back EMF voltage by 10% compared with the comparison prototype that all uses magnetic steel.

Figure 5 is an analysis curve of the influence of the thickness of the magnetic steel on the output power. It can be seen that increasing the thickness of the magnetic steel to a certain extent does not significantly increase the output power of the motor.

The working principle of the motor generator proposed by the present invention will be described below.

The basic working principle of the motor of the present invention is the same as that of the traditional permanent magnet generator.

Traditional electric bicycles have many poles, and the magnetic flux leakage between poles is serious. However, in the technology of the present invention, the number of poles is relatively small, and there is a gap formed by a non-magnetic ferrule between the poles, so the magnetic flux leakage between the poles is small.

Through modeling and theoretical calculation of the permanent magnet motor, the inventors have concluded that, to a certain extent, increasing the thickness of the permanent magnet cannot increase the output power of the motor. With the help of this conclusion, the present invention proposes that a magnetic circuit can be formed by using one magnetic pole, which reduces the number of permanent magnets by half compared with the traditional motor. However, by appropriately increasing the magnetic potential, the output power drops less, so the usage of rare earth permanent magnet materials can be greatly reduced, that is, the production cost of enterprises can be reduced.

According to the technology of the present invention, the armature coil is wound across two stator teeth, so the distribution factor of the winding is large.

It should be pointed out that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can easily think of All changes and replacements should fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of electric car travel increasing device flywheel-type TRT it is characterised in that：

Including stator core, armature winding, axle, flywheel casing, permanent magnet, magnetic conductive soft iron and not magnetic conduction lasso；

Magnetic conductive soft iron and permanent magnet are spaced and are bonded in the inner surface of flywheel casing, a magnetic conductive soft iron and a permanent magnet Partner pole；

Permanent magnet has multi-disc and is in circular arc, and the magnetic direction that all permanent magnets produce is consistent, and a permanent magnet arc length is more than one 0.3 times to the arc length of pole and 0.4 times of arc length less than a pair of pole；

The quantity of described magnetic conductive soft iron, shape and size are consistent with permanent magnet；

The annulus that magnetic conduction lasso is not made for non-magnet material, is fixed on the inner side of flywheel casing；Not magnetic conduction lasso circumferential surface There is the through hole equal with magnetic conductive soft iron and magnet size, for placing and fixing magnetic conductive soft iron and permanent magnet；

Flywheel casing is fixed on engine crankshaft end, and stator core is fixed on motor body, and flywheel casing can be around fixed Son rotation unshakable in one's determination；

The number of permanent magnet and magnetic conductive soft iron is all 8, and stator core slot number is 36, and each armature coil of composition armature winding is all Across two stator tooth coilings；

A phase winding has 12 coils, starts, around entering, continuously to lay out from the 7th groove after 3 coils from the 1st groove；Again from the 10th groove Start around entering, continuously lay out from the 16th groove after 3 coils；Start around entering from the 19th groove again, continuously from the 25th after 3 coils Groove lays out；Start, around entering, continuously to lay out from the 34th groove after 3 coils from the 28th groove again；

B phase winding has 12 coils, starts, around entering, continuously to lay out from the 13rd groove after 3 coils from the 7th groove；Again from the 16th Groove starts, around entering, continuously to lay out from the 22nd groove after 3 coils；Start around entering from the 25th groove again, continuously from after 3 coils 31 grooves lay out；Start, around entering, continuously to lay out from the 4th groove after 3 coils from the 34th groove again；

C phase winding has 12 coils, starts, around entering, continuously to lay out from the 20th groove after 3 coils from the 13rd groove；Again from the 23rd Groove starts, around entering, continuously to lay out from the 28th groove after 3 coils；Start around entering from the 31st groove again, continuously from after 3 coils 1 groove lays out；Start, around entering, continuously to lay out from the 10th groove after 3 coils from the 4th groove again.