CN1047522C

CN1047522C - Method for refining aqueous extract of traditional Chinese medicine

Info

Publication number: CN1047522C
Application number: CN92104946A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杜成安
Original assignee: Zhejiang Chinese Medical College
Current assignee: Zhejiang Chinese Medical College
Priority date: 1992-06-19
Filing date: 1992-06-19
Publication date: 1999-12-22
Anticipated expiration: 2007-06-19
Also published as: CN1066986A

Abstract

The present invention provides a new method for fine producing a water extract of traditional Chinese medicine, which is characterized in that adsorption clarifying agents are used for absorbing and removing suspension coarse particles in the water extract of traditional Chinese medicine or a concentrated liquid to achieve preparation refined purpose. Both chitin class adsorption clarifying agents and activity protein adsorption clarifying agents having a heat denaturation property can be adopted. The method has the advantages of furthest reservation of total solid contents and effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine, low cost, high stability of a finished product and short productive period. The obtained fine liquid is easy to concentrate, spray, dry, granulate, etc., and has good social and economic benefits and wide using prospects.

Description

Method for refining aqueous extract of traditional Chinese medicine

The present invention relates to preparing technical field, particularly about a kind of invention of Chinese traditional medicine water extract process for purification about Chinese medicine preparation.

At present, to purification of tcm preparation and health nutrient such as oral liquid, electuary, the preparation of tablet etc., basically adopt classical decoction and alcohol sedimentation technique, the basic step of this method is to wait to make in the water extract or concentrated solution of Chinese medicine, staticly settles to remove the alcohol-insoluble substances in the solution behind the adding 1-4 ethanol doubly, recovered alcohol and thin up filter back embedding sterilization to normal concentration again.The ultimate principle of this method is to utilize the part active ingredient of Chinese medicine not only to be dissolved in alcohol but also water-soluble character, adopts pure water liquid precipitate partly to be insoluble to the invalid component of alcoholic acid what is called such as polysaccharide, albumen etc., to reach refining finished product, improves the purpose of preparation end product quality.Adopt the weak point of this method to have: (1) Chinese medicine total solid matters and active ingredient loss are serious, are difficult to guarantee the effectiveness of finished product preparation.Because medicinal liquid is after the precipitate with ethanol step, original dissolubility is with regard to little composition such as glycoside unit in water for some, and coumarin lactone etc. almost completely lose.Some have also whole precipitated the removing of polysaccharide of important regulatory function to immunologic function.The loss of its total solid is generally at least more than 50%, have up to more than 80%.(2) cost height.Because a large amount of ethanol that use in precipitate with ethanol, it reclaims waste at least more than 30%, and the consumption energy consumption thing, must purchase Special Equipment, has increased production cost greatly.(3) the liquid post processing difficulty behind the precipitate with ethanol.Medicinal liquid viscosity is bigger, and is concentrated difficult, easily causes serious sticking wall when adopting spray drying again, and the granulation of gained extractum is also difficult behind the precipitate with ethanol, very big to the preparation influence of electuary and tablet.(4) finished product stability is poor.Since alcohol precipitation process remove in the medicinal liquid hydrophilic colloid and as polysaccharide etc., therefore, the hydrophobic colloid in the finished product lack hydrophilic colloid " protection ", finished product in storage process very easily generation precipitate.As SHENGMAI YIN KOUFUYE is exactly an example, and alcohol concentration was to scheme improving finished product stability when a lot of scientific researches and production unit adopted adjust pH and regulate precipitate with ethanol, and income is very little.(5) production cycle is long.The general finished product production cycle is a week, and the labor intensity height.

The objective of the invention is and to substitute classical decoction and alcohol sedimentation technique with adsorption clarification, thereby overcome decoction and alcohol sedimentation technique above shortcomings in the Chinese traditional medicine water extract process for refining.

Technical scheme of the present invention is: at the Chinese medicine extraction liquid of suspendible or extract and add a kind of absorptive clarificant in the concentrated solution, remove corase particles in the solution in the mode of absorption, reach refining after filtering and improve the preparation end product quality and the reduction manufacturing cost, simplify technology, shorten the purpose of production cycle.Such scheme is based on following ultimate principle: because of Chinese medicine preparation composition more complicated, contain fat-soluble, surface active ingredient, solubilizing agent, macromolecule or organic macromolecule etc., these compositions form 10 together jointly ^-5～10 ^-7Colloidal dispersion system and have huge surface energy; be thermodynamic unstable system; itself have spontaneous gathering bulky grain and produce sedimentary trend, have only high or when having protective agent such as macromolecular compound to give " protection " when dispersion, could relatively stable existence.Classical decoction and alcohol sedimentation technique has been removed a large amount of macromolecular compounds when precipitate with ethanol is handled, the state of the colloid-stabilised system naturally in the stock solution is destroyed, and does not have Stabilization on the contrary.And that absorptive clarificant is only removed in the stock solution granularity is bigger, and the particle with stoke precipitation trend keeps high molecular polysaccharide, and utilizes the protective effect of this natural hydrophilic colloid convection current hydrocolloid of macromolecule polysaccharide.Improve refining stability of formulation.Absorptive clarificant of the present invention comprises two big classes, one class is macromolecular compound such as chitin class and the derivant thereof that has cation, as chitosan etc., when it and extracting solution are mixed, just can also be that the granule of band anion in the crude drug extracting solution plays adsorption with main coarse grain in the stock solution, behind sedimentation and filtration, can reach the purified purpose of clarification.Another kind of is the activated protein with thermal denaturation character, as serum albumin, and fowl egg protein etc., its principle is when albumen is subjected to thermocoagulation in extracting solution, can wrap up the corase particles in the stock solution, reaches purified purpose through cold after putting sedimentation and filtration.Adopt the method step of above-mentioned two class absorptive clarificants to be respectively

One, adopt chitin class absorptive clarificant:

(1) pH value that will treat purified Chinese traditional medicine water extract or concentrated solution is transferred to pH＜5;

(2) add the chitin class adsorbent that is dissolved in advance in the acid solution, chitinous content is 0.01～0.5% (g/ml) that treats pharmacy liquid

(3) stir after, left standstill 12～48 hours

(4) clear liquor after will leaving standstill transfers to neutral after-filtration and gets finished product.

When adopting chitin class absorptive clarificant, after the chitin of desired content such as chitosan etc. should being dissolved in acid solution in advance, add in the extracting solution again, to determining of content, character and capacity on extracting solution are decided, content is big more, and clarifying speed is fast more, is generally 0.01～0.05% (g/ml) that treats refining extracting solution.Described chitosan can obtain from carapace such as dried small shrimps, the Carapax Eriocheir sinensis etc. of general animal, the food grade finished product that also buyable is ready-made.

Two, adopt activated protein absorptive clarificant with thermal denaturation;

A, add the activated protein adsorbent that 0.1～10% (g/ml) has thermal denaturation character in Chinese traditional medicine water extract or the concentrated solution waiting to make.

B, be warming up to 50～100 ℃ after stirring;

C, staticly settle after-filtration and get finished product.

The activated protein that employing has a thermal denaturation is during as absorptive clarificant, can directly get fowl egg protein or serum albumin uses, its dosage is decided on the character and the muddy degree of extracting solution, minimum dosage when clarifying fully is an optimum, generally between 0.1～10%, to reach the purpose that not only can clarify but also save clarifier and reduce the inherent composition loss of extracting solution.

Advantage of the present invention is that (1) can keep Chinese medicine total solids and effective ingredient most effectively, improves the inherent quality of preparation finished product.Present purification of tcm preparation is owing to adopt alcohol deposition method, and the loss composition is bigger, so that oral liquid occurs not as mixture, and mixture is not as the phenomenon of decoct.Adsorption clarification is only removed the influential thick solids of finished product stability, has overcome the difficult problem that drug effect reduces effectively.(2) cost is low.Adopt adsorption clarification, the key industry that has reduced some product consumes the ethanol and the energy.Reduce the fixed investment of reclaimer, reduced production cost effectively.(3) finished product stability is good: absorptive clarificant mainly is the bulky grain degree of removing in the medicinal liquid, has the particle of stoke precipitation trend, keeps macromolecular compound and hydrophobic colloid particle.And utilize the protective effect of polymer colloid to hydrophobic colloid, improve the stability of finished product; (4) the refining extracting solution of gained can concentrate, spray drying, granulation etc. easily; (5) with short production cycle: the general finished product production cycle is 2～3 days, and labor intensity is low.

Below, will be in conjunction with the embodiments, the present invention is done an into description:

Embodiment 1: get 3 kilograms of Radix Codonopsis; 2 kilograms of Radix Ophiopogonis; After 1 kilogram of Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, three flavor medicines add 6 times of amounts and 4 times of water gagings respectively and decoct, filtered through gauze, merging filtrate gets decocting liquid, after normal pressure is concentrated into 18000ml;

1 pH value with this concentrated solution transfers to below 4;

2 add the dilute acetic acid solution that contains 18 gram chitosans;

3. leave standstill clarification in 18 hours;

4. the pH value of clear liquor is transferred to neutral back and get finished product with filter press.

Embodiment 2:

1. in the concentrated solution of example 1, add 180 gram Ovum Anas domestica album;

2. be warming up to 95 ℃ with straight fire after stirring rapidly;

3. get finished product with filter press behind the natural cooling.

Claims

1. the process for purification of a Chinese traditional medicine water extract is characterized in that adopting absorptive clarificant absorption and removes the particle that has stoke precipitation trend in Chinese traditional medicine water extract or the concentrated solution, and its step is as follows:

(1) pH value that will treat purified Chinese traditional medicine water extract or concentrated solution transfers to pH＜5;

(2) add the chitin absorptive clarificant that is dissolved in advance in the acid solution, chitinous content is 0.01～0.5% (g/ml) that waits to make Chinese traditional medicine water extract or concentrated solution;

(3) stir after, left standstill 12～48 hours;

(4) clear liquor after will leaving standstill transfer to neutral and filter after product.

2. the process for purification of a Chinese traditional medicine water extract is characterized in that adopting absorptive clarificant absorption and removes the particle that has stoke precipitation trend in Chinese traditional medicine water extract or the concentrated solution, and its step is as follows:

(a) add the absorptive clarificant that 0.1～10% (g/ml) has the activated protein of thermal denaturation character in Chinese traditional medicine water extract or the concentrated solution waiting to make;

(b) be warmed up to 50～100 ℃ after stirring;

(c) the cold clarification after-filtration of putting gets finished product;

3. the process for purification of a kind of Chinese traditional medicine water extract as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described absorptive clarificant can be a serum albumin.