CN104751342A - Commodity information coding and decoding method for tracking commodities - Google Patents
Commodity information coding and decoding method for tracking commodities Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a commodity information coding and decoding method for tracking commodities. The commodity information coding and decoding method comprises the following steps of extracting commodity information of each commodity; converting the format of the commodity information of each commodity into a standard data format and using the commodity information as unique identity recognition data of the commodity; performing matrix information coding on the commodity information; expressing elements in a matrix by using different patterns; and inlaying the commodity information in the commodities or commodity packages in a concealed manner. The elements of the matrix are relevant to a surrounding element algorithm, and all the commodity information and the information of the matrix are stored in a server database. When the commodities are tracked, the matrix information on the commodities or the commodity packages is decoded, and commodity sources and the commodity information are tracked. Even if the commodities or the commodity packages are damaged, the damaged information can be recovered by the relevancy algorithm, and commodity tracking is finished.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the circulation false proof trace-back technique field of merchandise news, particularly relating to a kind of merchandise news decoding method for reviewing commodity.
Background technology
Along with the sustainable development of economy and the trend of the marketization, circulation more and more high speed and the facility of trade.In commodity circulation process, the nonuniqueness of information labeling producing commodity causes commodity cannot review in the process of circulation, part dealer to imitated, the destruction to commodity mark of commodity, manufacturing enterprise is suffered huge economic loss.
Therefore, how to make can review in commodity circulation process, the problems such as the stream goods of solution electric current trading product and falsifying, become the problem of Chinese scholars extensive concern, it is also proposed many solutions to the problems described above simultaneously, wherein based on printing classes such as laser anti-counterfeit, label anti-counterfeit, ink are false proof, these traditional method for anti-counterfeit, easily forge in commodity circulation and be subject to artificial destruction, not reaching the effect of effectively false proof and imitative falsifying.
Summary of the invention
Reviewing merchandise resources to solve, preventing the falsifying in commodity circulation process and forgery problem, the invention provides a kind of merchandise news decoding method for reviewing commodity and comprise the steps:
Step one: the information gathering commodity to be encoded, is converted into the data layout of standard;
Step 2: merchandise news is encoded, and specifically comprises the steps:
Step a: the merchandise news of collection be converted into and its original matrix information one to one, described original matrix is made up of at least two kinds of elements; Any a row or column two ends of original matrix are considered as Logic adjacent, with the figure making original matrix become closed up and down on geometric position;
Step b: element position each in original matrix is carried out coding as a cell to original matrix information and forms encoder matrix, namely add new element in each cell; In each cell, the element in original matrix is as information bit, and new element is as check bit; Select at least one element in original matrix, the value of check bit is selected the distribution situation of element to associate with in the cell information bit on this cell up and down position;
Step 3: by the information insertion representated by encoder matrix in commodity packaging or commodity;
Step 4: information stores; Be stored in server database by encoder matrix information, original matrix information, merchandise news;
Step 5: carry out the information decoding of encoder matrix according to the algorithm of encoder matrix cell check bit in step 2, obtain original matrix information, by the contrast in server database, obtain merchandise news, complete and review.
Further, in the step a in step 2, determine the capacity of original matrix according to the quantity of merchandise news, make each merchandise news uniquely correspond to an original matrix.
Further, in encoder matrix, in each cell, check bit value equals in the original matrix that the cell information bit of this cell up and down on position have by the total number of an element selected.
Further, the component of described original matrix is 0,5, and encoder matrix check bit can value 0 or 1 or 2 or 3 or 4.
Further, also matrix information redundancy is carried out in step 4, namely used original matrix information is extracted from all matrixes that can generate by certain rule, and the numerical value of original matrix row and column is adjusted according to the merchandise news total amount in circulation, make the sub-fraction of the total original matrix quantity only being accounted for all commodity by the original matrix quantity used.
Further, in step one, the information of described commodity to be encoded is the authentication information of commodity, comprises date of manufacture, production sequence number, production area.
Further, when commodity packaging is damaged, in step 4, information decoding method is specially:
Step a: select to need the some cells carrying out information bit reduction, its check bit is a (i, j), its information bit A (i, j) loses, its up and down in cell information bit be respectively A(i-1, j), A (i+1, j), A (i, j-1), A (i, j+1), as its information bit A (i, j) lose, because A (i, j) meets following four equations:
a(i-1,j)=[A（i-2,j)+A(i,j)+A(i-1,j-1)+A(i-1,j+1)]mod X；
a(i,j+1)=[A（i-1,j+1)+A(i+1,j+1)+A(i,j)+A(i,j+2)]mod X；
a(i+1,j)=[A（i,j)+A(i+2,j)+A(i+1,j-1)+A(i+1,j+1)]mod X；
a(i,j-1)=[A（i-1,j-1)+A(i+1,j-1)+A(i,j-2)+A(i,j)]mod X;
Wherein, X is by the element selected in original matrix; Damaged information A(i, j can be solved) according to the some of satisfying condition in above equation;
Step b: repeat step a, to needing the cell carrying out information bit reduction to travel through, selects for the most useful information of decoding, until solve all damaged information codes.
Further, in described step 3, with each element in the pattern that can mutually distinguish respectively presentation code matrix, be embedded on commodity packaging or commodity.
Further, each pattern mutually distinguished adopts the mode of background graphics or shading to be embedded in commodity packaging.
Further, if commodity or commodity packaging breakage larger, make the cell of drop-out position too much, the system of equations listed can be caused to can not get unique solution, then can only solve the information code of the damaged cell of part, remaining information code can only obtain by comparing in server database.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Merchandise news is carried out matrix information coding by the present invention, and is graphically fixed in commodity or commodity packaging, carries out unique mark to each commodity, attractive in appearance and hidden.Establish unified server database and carry out merchandise news storage, unification manages merchandise news, prevents commodity falsifying.Each element of encoder matrix associates with the element algorithm of surrounding, even if commodity or commodity bundle are equipped with breakage, the information bit of this association algorithm breakage also can be utilized to carry out matrix information reduction, complete commodity tracing.The invention enables commodity circulation process safer, ensure the interests of consumer and producer, there is fabulous application prospect.
Embodiment
A kind of merchandise news decoding method for reviewing commodity of the present invention, its design concept is: the merchandise news extracting each commodity, be converted to after the data layout of standard as its unique identification data, merchandise news is carried out matrix information coding, utilize the element in different pattern representing matrixs, and embed in commodity packaging in comparatively hidden mode.Each element of matrix associates with the element algorithm of surrounding, and all merchandise news and matrix information are all stored in server database.When carrying out commodity tracing, the matrix information in commodity or commodity or commodity packaging can be utilized to carry out matrix information decoding, merchandise resources and information are reviewed.Even if commodity or commodity bundle are equipped with breakage, the information bit of this association algorithm breakage also can be utilized to carry out matrix information reduction, complete commodity tracing.
Below the present invention is described in more details.
The present invention mainly comprises the following steps:
Step one: the information gathering commodity to be encoded.
Gather merchandise news, and convert the data layout of standard to.Described merchandise news should be able to embody the raw information of commodity, is beneficial to review.As the authentication information of commodity, comprise information such as producing date, production sequence number, quantity, production area, and by the order arrangement determined, form unique identification data of these commodity.
Step 2: merchandise news is encoded.
Specifically comprise the steps:
Step a: generate original matrix information.
This step be by computing machine by certain algorithm information generated sequence, matrix coder is carried out to the information of goods information data collected, and associates with the merchandise news collected, form the original matrix information of relation one to one.
Original matrix is made up of at least two kinds of different elements, merchandise news that its arrangement in original matrix is corresponding, and according to merchandise news comprise data message quantity determine the capacity of matrix, make each merchandise news uniquely correspond to an original matrix coding.
Arranging at least two different elements is generations in order to next code matrix, if only have a kind of element, realizes associating of follow-up described check bit and information bit more difficult.
Citing, as shown in table 1, it is 3*5 that the present embodiment arranges original matrix size, and be made up of 0 and 5 two kind of element, this matrix just illustrates certain merchandise news.
Table 1
In fact, above-mentioned example is that preferably element arranges selection, and it is very directly perceived, convenient application.
Step b: original matrix information is encoded, forms encoder matrix.
Namely described information coding is encoded to form encoder matrix as a cell to original matrix in element position each in original matrix.Encoder matrix after coding and original matrix and corresponding merchandise news interrelated, form relation one to one.
In order to enable each element in encoder matrix set up correlativity with the element of surrounding, any a row or column two ends of original matrix are considered as Logic adjacent, to make to become figure closed up and down from original matrix in geometric position.In original matrix, each element position is considered as a cell, adds new element in each cell, and the element in original matrix is as information bit, and new element is as check bit.
Select the element at least one original matrix, the value of check bit should be set up certain corresponding relation with selecting the distribution of element as the case may be.
Such as, in encoder matrix, what in each cell, the value of check bit can have with the cell internal information position around this cell up and down on position is associated by the element number selected.Such as, this check bit value equals to be selected the number of element, or than being selected the large N of element number or little N(N to be natural number).
Such as, in encoder matrix, in each cell, the value of check bit is letter, and it is selected the number of element to associate with surrounding eight cells in this cell or in the original matrix that information bit has in four cells up and down.When number is respectively 0 ~ 8, the corresponding value of check bit is respectively A ~ H.
Conveniently understand, then illustrate.
Original matrix shown in option table 1, selects element 5, the number of in each cell, the value of the check bit cell internal information position equaled around this cell on position up and down has 5.Its coding step is:
Step a: each unit cell all comprises information bit and check bit, information bit is determined by the raw information code comprising code element 0 and 5, generates original matrix thus.
Step b: check bit is determined by the information code of surrounding, each check bit is determined by the number of " 5 " in its cell up and down four information bits.If information bit is A (i, j), its up and down information bit be respectively A(i-1, j), A (i+1, j), A (i, j-1), A (i, j+1), then A(i, j) check bit be:
a(i,j)=[A（i-1,j)+A(i+1,j)+A(i,j-1)+A(i,j+1)]mod 5
Above formula represents A(i-1, j), A (i+1, j), A (i, j-1), A (i, j+1) be added, itself and can obtain divided by 5 contain 5 number (follow-up formula is similar).Set up the relevance between information code thus, generate the complete information coding of encoder matrix according to above formula.
Table 2
Concrete association algorithm is chosen according to actual conditions or oneself is formulated, and does not repeat them here.
Step 3: by the information insertion representated by encoder matrix in commodity packaging or commodity.
This step is with each element in the pattern that can mutually distinguish respectively presentation code matrix, adopts coding mapping and laser hole mapping mode to be embedded on commodity packaging or commodity.
As, comprise numeral 0,1,2,3,4,5 in the encoder matrix shown in table 2, the pattern can mutually distinguished with five kinds represents respectively (such as can represent symbol 0 by blank).
Preferably, the data message of encoder matrix can embed commodity in the mode of background graphics or shading on the packaging, neither affects the outward appearance of packaging, makes again information more hidden.
Step 4: information stores.
Described information stores, and to be all stored in server database and interrelated by original matrix information, encoder matrix information, merchandise news.This server should be conducted interviews by internet.By returning corresponding original matrix after encoder matrix is decoded, by the comparison in server database, obtain final product information.
Preferably, in order to save server data base resource, this step also carries out redundancy to matrix information, described redundancy is that used original matrix information is extracted from all matrixes that can generate by certain rule, and the numerical value of original matrix row and column is adjusted according to the total volume of commodities in circulation, make the sub-fraction only being occupied total original matrix quantity corresponding to all commodity by the original matrix used all the time.
In theory, the information capacity of m*n matrix is 2
m*n, therefore can adjust the numerical value of original matrix m and n according to the total volume of commodities in circulation, to change total information capacity.In actual applications, in order to reduce the similarity between each square matrix code, from total data capacity, can specify the data volume extracting actual needs according to the best of setting selectively, best specified standard makes the otherness between each information code large as far as possible.Finally, only occupied the sub-fraction of total original matrix quantity by the original matrix used all the time, the redundance of information can be very high.
Step 5: encoder matrix information decoding.
Described matrix information decoding, is the inverse processing procedure of coding, carries out the information decoding of encoder matrix according to the algorithm of encoder matrix cell check bit in step 2, obtain original matrix information, by the contrast in server database, obtain merchandise news, complete and review.
In fact, the external packing of commodity is easily damaged in transportation, information is imperfect because being destroyed to make matrix information matrix, and the operational method that at this moment can be adopted by the information bit around damaged information and syndrome encoded is established an equation and solves the information code of loss.
Be described for matrix shown in table 2 below.
Concrete decoding algorithm step is as follows:
Step a: select to need the some cells carrying out information bit reduction, its check bit is a (i, j), its information bit A (i, j) loses, its up and down in cell information bit be respectively A(i-1, j), A (i+1, j), A (i, j-1), A (i, j+1), if a certain position information bit A (i in information matrix, j) lose, because A (i, j) meets following four equations:
a(i-1,j)=[A（i-2,j)+A(i,j)+A(i-1,j-1)+A(i-1,j+1)]mod X；
a(i,j+1)=[A（i-1,j+1)+A(i+1,j+1)+A(i,j)+A(i,j+2)]mod X；
a(i+1,j)=[A（i,j)+A(i+2,j)+A(i+1,j-1)+A(i+1,j+1)]mod X；
a(i,j-1)=[A（i-1,j-1)+A(i+1,j-1)+A(i,j-2)+A(i,j)]mod X。
Wherein, X is by the element selected in original matrix, is 5 herein; Damaged information A(i, j can be solved) according to the some of satisfying condition in above equation.
Step b: repeat step a, to needing the cell carrying out information bit reduction to travel through, selects for the most useful information of decoding, until solve all damaged information codes.
In some cases, in encoder matrix, continuous multiple information bit is lost, and as shown in table 3, wherein X1 ~ X6 is damaged information bit, according to the operational method of coding, can list system of equations:
a(1,3)=[A（3,3)+A(2,3)+X2+A(1,4)]mod X
a(2,3)=[A（1,3)+A(3,3)+X4+A(2,4)]mod X
a(3,3)=[A（2,3)+A(1,3)+X6+A(3,4)]mod X
a(1,5)=[A（3,5)+A(2,4)+A(1,4)+X1]mod X
a(2,5)=[A（1,5)+A(3,5)+A(2,4)+X3]mod X
a(3,5)=[A（2,5)+A(1,5)+A(3,4)+X5]mod X
Wherein, X is by the element selected in original matrix, is 5 herein; Separate this system of equations, damaged information bit X1 ~ X6 can be obtained.
Table 3
Information number damaged in practical situations both and position are uncertain, should travel through damaged grid peripheral information according to operation rule in step a when therefore establishing an equation, select for the most useful information of decoding, this process should be carried out in operation repeatedly, until solve all damaged information codes.
If damaged information bit is too much, the system of equations listed can be caused to can not get unique solution, also the damaged information code that can only solve part is just meaned, remaining information code can only by comparing in a database, the redundancy of information is utilized to obtain unique raw information code, redundance is higher, and percent reduction is higher.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Merchandise news is carried out matrix information coding by the present invention, and is graphically fixed in commodity or commodity packaging, carries out unique mark to each commodity, attractive in appearance and hidden.Establish unified server database and carry out merchandise news storage, unification manages merchandise news, prevents commodity falsifying.Each element of encoder matrix associates with the element algorithm of surrounding, even if commodity or commodity bundle are equipped with breakage, the information bit of this association algorithm breakage also can be utilized to carry out matrix information reduction, complete commodity tracing.The invention enables commodity circulation process safer, ensure the interests of consumer and producer, there is fabulous application prospect.
Claims (10)
1., for reviewing a merchandise news decoding method for commodity, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
Step one: the information gathering commodity to be encoded, is converted into the data layout of standard;
Step 2: merchandise news is encoded, and specifically comprises the steps:
Step a: the merchandise news of collection be converted into and its original matrix information one to one, described original matrix is made up of at least two kinds of elements; Any a row or column two ends of original matrix are considered as Logic adjacent, with the figure making original matrix become closed up and down on geometric position;
Step b: element position each in original matrix is carried out coding as a cell to original matrix information and forms encoder matrix, namely add new element in each cell; In each cell, the element in original matrix is as information bit, and new element is as check bit; Select at least one element in original matrix, the value of check bit is selected the distribution situation of element to associate with in the cell information bit on this cell up and down position;
Step 3: by the information insertion representated by encoder matrix in commodity packaging or commodity;
Step 4: information stores; Be stored in server database by encoder matrix information, original matrix information, merchandise news;
Step 5: carry out the information decoding of encoder matrix according to the algorithm of encoder matrix cell check bit in step 2, obtain original matrix information, by the contrast in server database, obtain merchandise news, complete and review.
2. as claimed in claim 1 for reviewing the merchandise news decoding method of commodity, it is characterized in that, in step a in step 2, determine the capacity of original matrix according to the quantity of merchandise news, make each merchandise news uniquely correspond to an original matrix.
3. as claimed in claim 1 for reviewing the merchandise news decoding method of commodity, it is characterized in that, in encoder matrix, in each cell, check bit value equals in the original matrix that the cell information bit of this cell up and down on position have by the total number of an element selected.
4. the merchandise news decoding method for reviewing commodity as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, is characterized in that, the component of described original matrix is 0,5, and encoder matrix check bit can value 0 or 1 or 2 or 3 or 4.
5. the merchandise news decoding method for reviewing commodity as described in any one of claim 1 ~ 3, it is characterized in that, also matrix information redundancy is carried out in step 4, namely used original matrix information is extracted from all matrixes that can generate by certain rule, and the numerical value of original matrix row and column is adjusted according to the merchandise news total amount in circulation, make the sub-fraction of the total original matrix quantity only being accounted for all commodity by the original matrix quantity used.
6. as claimed in claim 1 for reviewing the merchandise news decoding method of commodity, it is characterized in that, in step one, the information of described commodity to be encoded is the authentication information of commodity, comprises date of manufacture, production sequence number, production area.
7. as claimed in claim 3 for reviewing the merchandise news decoding method of commodity, it is characterized in that, when commodity packaging is damaged, in step 4, information decoding method is specially:
Step a: select to need the some cells carrying out information bit reduction, its check bit is a (i, j), its information bit A (i, j) loses, its up and down in cell information bit be respectively A(i-1, j), A (i+1, j), A (i, j-1), A (i, j+1), as its information bit A (i, j) lose, because A (i, j) meets following four equations:
a(i-1,j)=[A（i-2,j)+A(i,j)+A(i-1,j-1)+A(i-1,j+1)]mod X；
a(i,j+1)=[A（i-1,j+1)+A(i+1,j+1)+A(i,j)+A(i,j+2)]mod X；
a(i+1,j)=[A（i,j)+A(i+2,j)+A(i+1,j-1)+A(i+1,j+1)]mod X；
a(i,j-1)=[A（i-1,j-1)+A(i+1,j-1)+A(i,j-2)+A(i,j)]mod X;
Wherein, X is by the element selected in original matrix; Damaged information A(i, j can be solved) according to the some of satisfying condition in above equation;
Step b: repeat step a, to needing the cell carrying out information bit reduction to travel through, selects for the most useful information of decoding, until solve all damaged information codes.
8. as claimed in claim 1 for reviewing the merchandise news decoding method of commodity, it is characterized in that, in described step 3, with each element in the pattern that can mutually distinguish respectively presentation code matrix, being embedded on commodity packaging or commodity.
9. as claimed in claim 8 for reviewing the merchandise news decoding method of commodity, it is characterized in that, each pattern mutually distinguished adopts the mode of background graphics or shading to be embedded in commodity packaging.
10. as claimed in claim 7 for reviewing the merchandise news decoding method of commodity, it is characterized in that, if commodity or commodity packaging breakage larger, make the cell of drop-out position too much, the system of equations listed can be caused to can not get unique solution, then can only solve the information code of the damaged cell of part, remaining information code can only obtain by comparing in server database.
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| CN106130566A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-16 | 江苏鼎昌科技有限公司 | A kind of 72 bit status information big data traceability system can error correction coding/decoding method |
| CN106130566B (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2019-04-16 | 江苏鼎昌科技有限公司 | 72 bit status information big data traceability systems of one kind can error correction coding/decoding method |
| CN107180380A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-09-19 | 沈思远 | global commodity transaction method and system |
| CN109242509A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2019-01-18 | 同济大学 | Dot character information encoding-decoding method for commodity outer packing |
| CN109255824A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2019-01-22 | 同济大学 | Anti-channel conflict decoding method based on DCT |
| CN109242510A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2019-01-18 | 同济大学 | A kind of graphical information decoding method for commodity outer packing |
| CN109858931A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-06-07 | 同济大学 | Two-sided Multiple information matrix decoding method for commodity outer packing |
| CN109858931B (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2023-04-18 | 同济大学 | Double-sided composite information matrix coding and decoding method for commodity outer package |
| CN112418374A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-02-26 | 合肥高维数据技术有限公司 | Information code generation method |
| CN113592514A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-02 | 上海应用技术大学 | Information encoding method, information decoding method and device |
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