CN104751290A - Grassland proper stocking capacity measurement method - Google Patents
Grassland proper stocking capacity measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104751290A CN104751290A CN201510162987.1A CN201510162987A CN104751290A CN 104751290 A CN104751290 A CN 104751290A CN 201510162987 A CN201510162987 A CN 201510162987A CN 104751290 A CN104751290 A CN 104751290A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a grassland proper stocking capacity measurement method. The method includes according to natural grassland vegetation of different types, on the basis of the local main grazing livestock, setting 3 to 4 grazing gradients, adopting the grazing periods as units, recording the weight of each group of livestock, establishing a mathematical model through a unit area livestock individual liveweight growth rate y individual and population livestock liveweight growth rate y population of a unit area grassland, and determining the actual production capacity of the grassland finally through the mathematical model of livestock gazing test data. The guidance is provided for agricultural and animal husbandry production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of livestock production, be specifically related to the assay method that a kind of meadow is suitable for animal number.
Background technology
Productivity (grassland productivity) is that the meadow of unit area can the herbage product of output, the total amount of livestock products within a production cycle.General grassland agriculture was a production cycle with 1 year, and Productivity is also the ability that in the unit interval, (in 1 year) unit area meadow can produce product, therefore also claims meadow throughput rate.Three kinds of indexs are had to reflect Productivity from the angle of Practaculture Science and Animal Science:
Primary productivity, conventional grass yield represents, refers to unit area meadow growing plants total amount within a production cycle (being generally 1 year), usually represents by the amount of dry matter amount of the herbage of unit area;
The secondary productive capacity on meadow, refers to the summation of the animal product that unit area meadow produces within a production cycle, and the livestock products unit representation of usually producing with unit area meadow, reflects the productive capacity of the ultimate product in meadow;
Carrying Capacity of Grassland: refer in the production cycle (being generally 1 year), under the prerequisite of herbage normal growth and livestock normal development, the livestock number that unit area meadow can hold, there are square measure, chronomere and domestic animal unit three kinds of method for expressing, the domestic animal unit representation in the conventional production cycle on unit meadow.It is the direct embodiment of meadow grass yield and herbage quality, also directly related with the output of live-stock product on meadow, be the better index of contact primary productibility of grassland and Second productivity, be usually used in Pasture management, have direct relation with the livestock products output on meadow to a certain extent.
Productivity is used to the important indicator evaluating meadow husbandry sector.To the basic foundation that the yield-power on a sheet meadow is evaluated, be the grass yield on this meadow or the grass yield of unit area.In agrostology, the grass yield essence on meadow is the increment of Steppe Plants aerial part.For the problem how measuring Productivity, China just defines uniform technical code and the technical method of Grassland Resource Investigation in the eighties in 20th century.But this technical method, by the labor measurement of Grassland Herbage output, by the average herbage demand of domestic animal, calculates Productivity.It is no doubt accurate that this technology measures grass yield on the ground, but labor intensive material resources and time.Along with the development of science and technology, 3S technology serves suitable effect in agricultural investigation and research, liberate quite a few labour, pass through remote sensing technology, the numerical value of combined ground practical measurement, estimate meadow ground biomass by mathematical model, then calculate Productivity by domestic animal demand.This technology is done simple and convenient, save labour, but or it is similar to calculate Productivity after former quadrat method mensuration Grassland Herbage output, the mensuration of the ground biomass in section sometime can only be measured, and do not consider the factor such as herbage compensatory growth and the digestibility of herbage in Livestock Production process.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to provide the assay method that a kind of meadow is suitable for animal number, and it can measure the suitable animal number on meadow simply directly, accurately and conveniently.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme to implement:
Meadow is suitable for an assay method for animal number, and it specifically comprises following operation steps:
Step 1: the grazing district that some formed objects are set on meadow, be designated as Q1, Q2 respectively ... Qn, each grazing district divides the rotation grazing community of some formed objects respectively, each grazing district being put respectively quantity in a suitable place to breed is R1, R2 ... the domestic animal of Rn, domestic animal is carried out on each grazing district identical rotation grazing to put in a suitable place to breed, record and add up the domestic animal individual weight gain rate y that the rotation grazing of each grazing district puts in a suitable place to breed
individual, Animal Group rate of body weight gain y
colony, and unit area, rotation grazing on the unit interval domestic animal head number x; Wherein:
X=Animal liveweight gain amount/(grazing district grassland area × grazing time)
R1, R2 ... Rn is arithmetic progression, and n is more than or equal to 3;
Step 2: above-mentioned each group of data are carried out linear fit and Parabolic Fit, draws domestic animal individual weight gain rate y
individual, Animal Group rate of body weight gain y
colonyequation:
Y
individual body=a
1x+b
1(I)
Y
group body =a
2x
2+ b
2x (II)
Above-mentioned equation I, II is solved, best stocking rate can be obtained;
Step 3: the best stocking rate drawn according to step 2 analysis on meadow enterprising road wheel herd and herd.
Concrete: n=3 or 4, R1=0, the tolerance d=8 of arithmetic progression.
In technique scheme, domestic animal is utilized to herd to realize the health control on animal productiong and meadow, it herds the suitable animal number and yield-power that measure meadow exactly by domestic animal, be one of index of Grazing grassland management most critical, produce provide scientific basis for grassland agriculture.
Embodiment
In order to make objects and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is specifically described.Should be appreciated that following word only in order to describe one or more concrete embodiments of the present invention, considered critical is not carried out to the protection domain that the present invention specifically asks.
According to the vegetation of dissimilar natural meadow, with the main pasture stock in locality for foundation, arrange 3 ~ 4 and herd gradient, in units of grazing period, record often organizes domestic animal whose body weight, then by unit area single domestic animal individual weight gain rate y
individualwith the colony Animal liveweight gain rate y of institute's output on unit area meadow
colonyfounding mathematical models, finally determines the reality potential productivity on meadow, for agriculture-stock production provides guidance by the mathematical model of domestic animal Crazing test data.
The setting of herding gradient R is generally Geometric Sequence, i.e. R1=2R2=3R3=3R4; Herd gradient and refer to different grazing intensities, for ease of statistics, usually use Geometric Sequence.R value is tentatively determined in the estimation of the feed intake and local Productivity of usually mainly producing domestic animal with locality;
The grazing period in wheel pastoral area is general=10 × herd gradient (unit sky);
Rotation grazing number of cells=(3+1) × herd gradient.
Y
individual body=a
1x+b
1(I)
Y
group body =a
2x
2+ b
2x (II)
In above-mentioned formula I, II: the meaning represented by y is Animal liveweight gain rate, x is dependent variable, the represented pasture stock head number of domestic animal unit area in the unit interval, x=Animal liveweight gain amount/(grassland area × grazing time), the namely stocking rate of indication in agrostology, a and b is two constants.
The present invention mainly determines a by the reaction of pasture stock yield-power to different meadow exactly
1, a
2and b
1, b
2two constants, because different to the performance of different pasture domestic animal on the meadow of different grassland types, a
1, a
2and b
1, b
2constant for identical meadow with identical domestic animal.The different pasture rate x arranged by Crazing test and the Livestock Production ability of mensuration, namely by the y value determining x values different in above-mentioned formula and measure, determine a on different grassland types
1, a
2and b
1, b
2two constants.
Determine a
1, a
2and b
1, b
2after two constants, then by above-mentioned model, with stocking rate (sheep/hectare) for horizontal ordinate, y
individual, y
colonyfor ordinate, mapping, straight line and the para-curve that Open Side Down can be made, both intersection points are determined best animal number, be exactly the value being calculated two intersection points by two equations like this, the suitableeest yield-power namely will determined, is the performance of the yield-power of meadow under grazing condition, be exactly y value maximum time intersection point be exactly we to determine on different grassland types optimum in poultry amount.
Embodiment 1
Concrete implementation step, for loess plateau Steppe:
At loess plateau Steppe, selection earth's surface is even, and vegetation is homogeneous, and 4 grazing districts are set up in milder location, each grazing district arranges 3 rotation grazing communities, rotation grazing plot area 1ha, 4 grazing districts place 0 sheep/ha respectively, 8 sheep/ha, 16 sheep/ha, 24 sheep/ha, carry out rotation grazing experiment, 30 days rotation grazing cycles.Grazing sheep individual weight is recorded before and after each rotation grazing.
Wholely herd end, utilize domestic animal individual weight to set up Fundamentals of Mathematics model, y
individual=a
1x+b
1, formation be linear correlation, can set up straight line on marking, it is corresponding to meadow that represented implication is exactly domestic animal individual weight gain; And then to increase weight founding mathematical models with colony, y
colony=a
2x
2+ b
2x; Implication represented by him is exactly corresponding to meadow of Animal Group weightening finish.
Data handling procedure is specific as follows:
1, the original body weight of single domestic animal to be averaged the domestic animal average weight drawn in following different pasture gradient;
| Herd number of days | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 |
| R1 | 26.0 | 27.6 | 27.9 | 31.3 | 32.7 | 33.7 | 35.1 | 36.2 | 36.6 | 38.7 |
| R2 | 26.0 | 28.1 | 29.0 | 31.0 | 32.2 | 32.4 | 35.0 | 35.3 | 35.6 | 37.0 |
| R3 | 25.9 | 26.5 | 28.5 | 30.0 | 30.7 | 30.8 | 32.7 | 33.0 | 33.5 | 34.7 |
Data illustrate: 0,10.。。。90, refer to the number of days of herding, R1, R2, R3, the domestic animal average weight of herding number of days corresponding under referring to Different grazing strength.
2, ask domestic animal daily gain, show that the weightening finish in following different pasture gradient is dynamic;
| Herd number of days | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 |
| R1 | 0.17 | 0.03 | 0.34 | 0.14 | 0.09 | 0.15 | 0.11 | 0.05 | 0.21 |
| R2 | 0.22 | 0.09 | 0.20 | 0.12 | 0.02 | 0.26 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.14 |
| R3 | 0.07 | 0.20 | 0.15 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.19 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.12 |
Data illustrate: 0,10.。。。90, refer to the number of days of herding, R1, R2, R3, the domestic animal average weight gain of herding number of days corresponding under referring to Different grazing strength.
Domestic animal individual weight gain in different pasture gradient is returned
Draw a
1=-0.021, b
1=0.163
Animal Group weightening finish in different pasture gradient is returned
Draw a
2=-0.002, b
2=0.010
Two equations are solved:
Calculate x
1=4.5, x
2=1
So, determine that Optimalstocking rate is 5.011 sheep/hectares, because x
2when=1, y-axis is 0, substantially close to not herding.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; to know in the present invention after contents; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some equal conversion to it and substitute, these convert on an equal basis and substitute and also should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. meadow is suitable for an assay method for animal number, and it specifically comprises following operation steps:
Step 1: the grazing district that some formed objects are set on meadow, be designated as Q1, Q2 respectively ... Qn, each grazing district divides the rotation grazing community of some formed objects respectively, each grazing district being put respectively quantity in a suitable place to breed is R1, R2 ... the domestic animal of Rn, domestic animal is carried out on each grazing district identical rotation grazing to put in a suitable place to breed, record and add up the domestic animal individual weight gain rate y that the rotation grazing of each grazing district puts in a suitable place to breed
individual, Animal Group rate of body weight gain y
colony, and unit area, rotation grazing on the unit interval domestic animal head number x; Wherein:
X=Animal liveweight gain amount/(grazing district grassland area × grazing time)
R1, R2 ... Rn is arithmetic progression, and n is more than or equal to 3;
Step 2: above-mentioned each group of data are carried out linear fit and Parabolic Fit, draws domestic animal individual weight gain rate y
individual, Animal Group rate of body weight gain y
colonyequation:
Y
individual=a
1x+b
1(I)
Y
colony=a
2x
2+ b
2x (II)
Above-mentioned equation I, II is solved, best stocking rate can be obtained;
Step 3: the best stocking rate drawn according to step 2 analysis on meadow enterprising road wheel herd and herd.
2. meadow according to claim 1 is suitable for the assay method of animal number, it is characterized in that: n=3 or 4.
3. meadow according to claim 1 and 2 is suitable for the assay method of animal number, it is characterized in that: R1=0, the tolerance d=8 of arithmetic progression.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105931126A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-07 | 河南省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Method for measuring land stock-carrying capacity based on phosphor contents in cow dung |
| CN108876017A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-23 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Domestic animal stocking rate Analysis of Spatial Distribution Pattern method |
| CN109479751A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-03-19 | 中国农业科学院农业信息研究所 | A kind of zootechnical yield prediction technique and system based on grass poultry energy balance |
| CN110419502A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-08 | 贵州大学 | A kind of method that accurate daily ration is herded and its fence system |
| CN110942352A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-31 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | Pasture forage feeding method, system and computer readable storage medium |
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| CN1790417A (en) * | 2005-12-13 | 2006-06-21 | 东北师范大学 | Method for determining optimum depasturage rate of grassland |
| US20110313666A1 (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2011-12-22 | Raisio Nutrition Ltd | Method for monitoring environmental impacts of crop cultivation |
| CN103344746A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2013-10-09 | 甘肃农业大学 | Method for quickly measuring grassland productivity |
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2015
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1790417A (en) * | 2005-12-13 | 2006-06-21 | 东北师范大学 | Method for determining optimum depasturage rate of grassland |
| US20110313666A1 (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2011-12-22 | Raisio Nutrition Ltd | Method for monitoring environmental impacts of crop cultivation |
| CN103344746A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2013-10-09 | 甘肃农业大学 | Method for quickly measuring grassland productivity |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105931126A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-07 | 河南省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Method for measuring land stock-carrying capacity based on phosphor contents in cow dung |
| CN108876017A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-23 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Domestic animal stocking rate Analysis of Spatial Distribution Pattern method |
| CN109479751A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-03-19 | 中国农业科学院农业信息研究所 | A kind of zootechnical yield prediction technique and system based on grass poultry energy balance |
| CN110419502A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-08 | 贵州大学 | A kind of method that accurate daily ration is herded and its fence system |
| CN110942352A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-31 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | Pasture forage feeding method, system and computer readable storage medium |
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Application publication date: 20150701 |