CN104749609B - Online track reconstruction data-acquisition system and method for reconstructing based on gas detector - Google Patents
Online track reconstruction data-acquisition system and method for reconstructing based on gas detector Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of online track reconstruction data-acquisition system and method for reconstructing based on gas detector, a kind of online track reconstruction data-acquisition system based on gas detector, including field-programmable logic gate array, analog to digital converter, first large-scale complex Programmadle logic chip, second large-scale complex Programmadle logic device, DDR SDRAM memories, flash memory and SSRAM memories, the analog to digital converter and field-programmable logic gate array two-way communication link, the output terminal of the first large-scale complex Programmadle logic chip is connected with the input terminal of field-programmable logic gate array, the second large-scale complex Programmadle logic device and field-programmable logic gate array two-way communication link.The advantages of to realize the quality for obtaining higher-quality data and improving imaging.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nuclear technology or nuclear detection field, and in particular, to a kind of online track based on gas detector
Rebuild data-acquisition system and method for reconstructing.
Background technology
The scientist Fabio Sauli of CERN in 1997 have invented a kind of novel Microstructure gas detector GEM (gas
electron multiplier).GEM detectors are that dense micropore is etched on the Kapton films for apply copper on two sides, change work
Electric field distribution in gas, amplifies so as to fulfill the snowslide of electronic signal, it has excellent position resolution and resistance to well
Irradiation behaviour, and can be work under the conditions of high count rate the features such as.Based on a variety of advantages, obtain in the world in recent years fast
Speed development, is mainly used for high-energy particle physics experiment such as：Following international linear collider（ILC）Track chamber and numeral on detector
The reading detector of hadron calorimeter, in addition, GEM also have many application prospects as detectors for synchrotron radiation,
Neutron detector, medical imaging and astrophysics detection etc..
Typical GEM detectors are by drift electrode, a piece of or multi-disc GEM complex thin films grid and PCB（Printing electricity
Road plate）Read plate composition, the detector being enclosed in gas chamber.Wherein, pcb board can be designed to that two dimension reads plate, reach imaging
Effect.
Traditional imaging（Non-Destructive Testing/industry CT）Radiographic source is generally x-ray used in technology.X-ray imaging has
Many shortcomings.For example x-ray can not penetrate heavy metal, the material wrapped up by heavy substance can not be measured.X-ray is to light materials（Especially
It is hydrogen）It is again not sensitive enough, the imaging in much more aqueous material is difficult to use, and developing materials resolution ratio can be caused low.
Another radiographic source is then neutron source, that is, so-called neutron imaging.Neutron imaging is imaged relative to x-ray
With many advantages.Since neutron is not charged, so neutron has very strong penetration capacity.Neutron to hydrogen material and heavy element all
It is very sensitive.Neutron is very sensitive to nuclear material, this allows for neutron imaging can be with nuclear material monitoring.Neutron is to same position
The action section of element is generally widely different, may also be used for distinguishing isotope.For strong launching material, its gamma-rays can be done
X-ray imaging data is disturbed, and neutron photography can be to avoid the radioactive influence of detected material in itself, can be to intense radiation material shape
Into the image of high quality.
But since neutron is not charged, it is impossible to use traditional detection mode detection neutron.Converting material generally is used,
Neutron is converted into proton or other charged particles, the information of neutron is obtained by measuring the information of proton.GEM detectors are made
For gas detector, there is good plasticity, GEM detectors can be transformed into a neutron detector.Since neutron turns
After turning to proton, proton can fly into detector with certain deflection angle, it is therefore desirable to rebuild the flight track of proton so as to obtain
Neutron switchs to the position at proton, that is, the incidence point of neutron.In addition, since neutron streaming can adulterate x and γ in itself
Ray, another aspect neutron can also produce x and gamma-rays when with matter interaction.These x/ gamma-rays can disturb proton
Rebuild, it is therefore desirable to reject the gamma-ray influences of x/ when being rebuild on proton.
The interaction of x/ gamma-rays and material and the interaction of proton and material have very big difference.The gamma-ray energy of x/
Amount deposition is concentrated on one point, and the energy of proton deposition is then distributed in whole track.Therefore according to the property of GEM detectors, x/
The duration of gamma-ray signal will be far smaller than the duration of proton signal.Carried out using the difference of both temporal informations
The examination of x/ gamma-rays and proton, so as to deduct x/ gamma-rays, obtains the purpose of clean proton signal and then imaging.
But data are read since GEM detectors read plate using two dimension, the data volume that short time measurement obtains is very huge,
Usually used processed offline mode（Recorded data on computer, waited after the completion of data acquisition again by data-acquisition system
These data are handled, are known as processed offline）It will take a long time.Experimental result before shows that the data of a few hours need
The time of nearly one month is spent to be handled.Work efficiency which results in whole detection system is very low, it is difficult to meet reality
The needs of border application.
Existing x/ gamma-rays and proton are screened and proton track reconstruction is not carried out the online of data and handles, but main
First experimental data to be compressed to pack and be transferred on computer by data collecting system and recorded, then pass through off-line analysis
Mode is handled.With the rapid development of detector technology and backend electronics technology, the data acquisition system of track detector
System becomes the principal element for restricting detector performance, its maximum technical bottleneck is that the flood tide of electronic system collection is high-precision
The signal of degree timely can not be transmitted and recorded.For example, in order in larger detector sensitive volume (30cm × 30cm)
Realize high-precision position measurement, the area of the single read-out electrode of detector is generally no greater than 1mm2, and thus the detector needs
Want No. 9000 reading circuits.And 8bit or higher are generally per the precision of the analog-to-digital conversion of reading circuit all the way, estimated with this
The data volume that detector is read every time is about 88kB.And the representative calculating time of modern high-speed signal acquisition system is general
For 20~30ns.Even if being estimated with 50ns, each second is by read output signal 2 × 107Secondary, thus the data of generation per second will be up to
1.6TB, in contrast, the real-time read-write of general computer mechanical hard disk is only 70MB per second several times.Therefore in reality is tested,
Data-acquisition system can not provide enough bandwidth to transmit, preserve all data collected.In order to enable whole detector
System effectively works, and also needs to be equipped with a set of signal Triggering Control System at present outside data-acquisition system.When signal triggers
After system receives trigger signal, log-on data obtains the electric signal that the electronic system of system acquisition detector produces immediately（Consumption
When about 30ns）, then transmit, store the data collected（Time-consuming about 1ms）.During signal transmission, storage, signal touches
Hair system is also responsible for shielding the collection terminal of whole data-acquisition system so that the signal that detector is produced in the period will not heap
Product.Only after the completion of the data collected all transmission, storage, signal spring system just resets, and waits to be subjected next
Trigger signal.Therefore there is the drawbacks of very big in the mode of existing online record-off-line analysis, its shortcoming is mainly reflected in
In terms of following four：
（1）The detector most of the time is waiting the transmission of pending data, does not record data effectively.Even in data acquisition
It with the addition of cache systems in system, be also only so that the duration of data-acquisition system continuous work is elongated, be able to record and hold
Longer signal of continuous time, but since the bottleneck of data transfer bandwidth, storage is not solved at all, detector work
Significant change does not occur for the duty cycle of time, and the work efficiency of detector is not still high.
（2）As it was previously stated, it is also possible in detector practical work process in addition to effective track with substantial amounts of radiation
Background.Therefore the quality of data that existing technology recorded is not high, and wherein most is useless background signal.So that originally
Just not high detector work efficiency further reduces.
（3）During off-line analysis is carried out to data, need to carry out artificial adjustment track by reference data mostly
Relevant parameter in algorithm for reconstructing, to realize the optimization of detector performance.Due to being artificially to adjust, inevitably introduce
Subjective factor.
（4）Existing technology so that real-time experimental result can not be intuitively obtained during on-line measurement, therefore is caused in reality
Often the state of detector hardware can not be adjusted according to existing result rapidly in testing, and then obtain the experiment number of better quality
According to.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention in view of the above-mentioned problems, propose a kind of online track reconstruction number based on gas detector
According to system and method for reconstructing is obtained, the advantages of to realize the quality for obtaining higher-quality data and improving imaging.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of online track reconstruction data-acquisition system based on gas detector, including field-programmable logic gate array
Row, analog to digital converter, the first large-scale complex Programmadle logic chip, the second large-scale complex Programmadle logic device,
DDR SDRAM memories, flash memory and SSRAM memories, the analog to digital converter are double with field-programmable logic gate array
To communication connection, the output terminal of the first large-scale complex Programmadle logic chip is defeated with field-programmable logic gate array
Enter end connection, the second large-scale complex Programmadle logic device and field-programmable logic gate array two-way communication link,
The DDR SDRAM memories are electrically connected with the second large-scale complex Programmadle logic device, and the DDR SDRAM memories are with showing
Programmadle logic gate array is electrically connected, flash memory and the SSRAM memory with the first large-scale complex Programmadle logic core
Piece is electrically connected, and flash memory and SSRAM memories are electrically connected with field-programmable logic gate array.
Preferably, the field-programmable logic gate array uses Arria II GX EP2AGX125EF35 FPGA cores
Piece.
Preferably, the first large-scale complex Programmadle logic chip and the second large-scale complex Programmadle logic device
Use MAX II EPM2210F256 CPLD chips.
Preferably, the output port of the field-programmable logic gate array is electrically connected LED light, and the field-programmable is patrolled
Collect the input port connection USB interface of gate array.
Preferably, the clock chip of the field-programmable logic gate array connection 155.52MHz.
Technical solution of the present invention discloses a kind of online track reconstruction data-acquisition system based on gas detector at the same time
Method for reconstructing, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: the detection plane of detector is averagely logically divided into multiple cells according to the size dimension of setting
Between, and distribute each minizone one and numbered with the relevant two dimension in position, to the electronics system in each minizone
The signal being collected into the single work period of uniting is pre-processed；Signal-background is carried out first to screen, and is secondly to have for screening
The section of signal, is compared by further analyzing, and obtains the preliminary geometry distribution of signal in the section；
Step 2: having been screened for above-mentioned to there is the minizone of signal, carried out using the two dimension numbering of its distribution adjacent
Identification；
Step 3: on the basis of above-mentioned steps one and step 2, for being gathered in the adjacent electronics work period
Whether the signal arrived, identify different signals still as caused by same track；
Step 4: the signal of multiple electronics work periods after step 3 identifies is tied, to whole track
On all signals be fitted after choose signal end, so as to complete the reconstruction to whole track.
Preferably, signal-background examination is carried out in the step 1 is specially：Some cell such as within a work period
Between on the sum of the amplitude of signal that is collected into be less than threshold value, then it is assumed that the minizone is not collected into letter within this work period
Number.
Technical scheme has the advantages that：
1st, handled due to realizing the online of detector signal so that the data for needing to transmit and record reduce several numbers
Magnitude, for the read-out electronics system of same scale, the duty cycle of the detector working time greatly improved.For same
Data-acquisition system, allows it to support more massive read-out electronics system, therefore can realize the spy of sensitive volume bigger
Survey the position measurement of device or precision higher.
2nd, since amplitude and duration that signal is realized in hardware-level are screened, signal sheet is significantly reduced
Bottom, the quality higher of acquired signal.Therefore under same experiment condition, detector is able to record in the same working time
More effective tracks so that the quality higher of imaging.
3rd, test measure when can directly obtain real-time results, therefore can be adjusted during experiment detector and
The working status of electronic system, obtains higher-quality data.Bring great convenience for experiment measurement.
Below by drawings and examples, technical scheme is described in further detail.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle of the online track reconstruction data-acquisition system based on gas detector described in the embodiment of the present invention
Block diagram；
Fig. 2 is the handling result schematic diagram of analog simulation data.
Embodiment
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated below in conjunction with attached drawing, it will be appreciated that described herein preferred real
Apply example to be merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of online track reconstruction data-acquisition system based on gas detector, including field-programmable
Logic gate array, analog to digital converter, the first large-scale complex Programmadle logic chip, the second large-scale complex editable are patrolled
Collect device, DDR SDRAM memories, flash memory and SSRAM memories, analog to digital converter and field-programmable logic gate array
Two-way communication link, the output terminal of the first large-scale complex Programmadle logic chip and the input of field-programmable logic gate array
End connection, the second large-scale complex Programmadle logic device and field-programmable logic gate array two-way communication link, DDR
SDRAM memory is electrically connected with the second large-scale complex Programmadle logic device, the DDR SDRAM memories and field-programmable
Logic gate array is electrically connected, and flash memory and SSRAM memories are electrically connected with the first large-scale complex Programmadle logic chip, and is dodged
Deposit and be electrically connected with SSRAM memories with field-programmable logic gate array.
The front end connection GSM detectors and front-end electronics amplification chip of field-programmable logic gate array, GSM detectors
The signal of detection is transmitted to field-programmable logic gate array through front-end electronics amplification chip, and front-end electronics amplification chip exists
Chip is specifically obtained using APV25 analogue datas in the present embodiment.
Preferably, field-programmable logic gate array uses Arria II GX EP2AGX125EF35 FPGA chips.
Preferably, complicated Programmadle logic chip and large-scale complex Programmadle logic device uses MAX II
EPM2210F256 CPLD chips.
Preferably, the output port of field-programmable logic gate array is electrically connected LED light, field-programmable logic gate array
Input port connection USB interface.
Preferably, the clock chip of field-programmable logic gate array connection 155.52MHz.
The signal output part of GEM detectors connects with APV chips, and APV is connected by motherboard with ADC and FPGA, completes to visit
The signal of device is surveyed to the transmitting procedure of process chip.What is be connected with FPGA has a Flash, USB port, SDRAM, CPLD, ADC and
Other peripheral circuits.
The component being related to includes：The Arria II GX EP2AGX125EF35 FPGA chips of altera corp's production,
The MAX II EPM2210F256 CPLD chips of altera corp's production, Double Data Rate SDRAM use Micron
Company production MT46V64M8 (128M*8 bits), ADC using ADS5281 (2*8channels, 40MHz,
12bitADC, with DDR serial interface@480Mbit/s), chip uses standard UBS with computer data transmission
Interface.Flash uses the M25P80 cake cores that ST Microelectronics releases.
FPGA（Field-Programmable Gate Array）I.e. field programmable gate array it be PAL, GAL,
The product further developed on the basis of the programming devices such as CPLD.FPGA is as field-programmable gate array, it is allowed to Yong Hugen
Chip is programmed according to the demand of oneself, realizes logic and algorithm that user wants.
CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device) i.e. Complex Programmable Logic Devices, is from PAL
The device come out with GAL device developments, in contrast scale is big, complicated, belongs to large scale integrated circuit scope.And one
Kind of user according to respective the need and voluntarily digital integrated electronic circuit of constitutive logic function.Its difference with FPGA essentially consists in CPLD
It is generally better at completing algorithm and combinational logic, and FPGA is generally better at completing sequential logic.
Mainly include six parts inside FPGA device, they are programmable I/O respectively（I/O unit）, can
Editorial logic unit, abundant interconnection resource, embedded RAM block, embeds dedicated functional unit, embedded special stone.
GEM detectors two dimension is read can include thousands of " pixels " on plate, can be obtained at the same time using multiple APV25 chips
Take the information of thousands of points.The I/O of commercial fpga chip has reached 512, meets the two dimension reading of GEM detectors enough
The acquisition of signal.FPGA has very powerful concurrent operation ability, this is because any system is not required in FPGA, it is various
Logic unit is run successively according to input clock.In theory FPGA's and line number only limited by the resource of such cake core.Profit
The information of each " pixel " can be pre-processed with the parallel processing capability of fpga chip, data useless are deducted, this
The information content of detector will be greatly reduced, the dominant frequency of the FPGA of technical grade can reach 1GHz, and such processing speed is complete
The signaling rate of GEM detectors can be caught up with entirely.According to the code analysis completed, by the effective GEM of preliminary treatment
The signal of detector, will so mitigate the processing pressure of follow-up chip.Since code includes substantial amounts of algorithm and combinational logic,
The data that rear end has pre-processed FPGA using CPLD carry out computing, complete proton and the examination of X-ray and the weight of proton track
Build and determined including neutron position.General communication interface is used afterwards（USB, PXI, INTERNET）The number completed will be calculated
According to（Mainly proton track/x-ray energy saltation point/proton produces the information such as point）Be transferred to computer, for data storage, into
As the display of result and the reprocessing etc. of data.
Technical solution of the present invention discloses a kind of online track reconstruction data-acquisition system based on gas detector at the same time
Method for reconstructing, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: the detection plane of detector is averagely logically divided into multiple cells according to the size dimension of setting
Between, and distribute each minizone one and numbered with the relevant two dimension in position, to the electronics system in each minizone
The signal being collected into the single work period of uniting is pre-processed；Signal-background is carried out first to screen, and is secondly to have for screening
The section of signal, is compared by further analyzing, and obtains the preliminary geometry distribution of signal in the section；
Step 2: having been screened for above-mentioned to there is the minizone of signal, carried out using the two dimension numbering of its distribution adjacent
Identification；
Step 3: on the basis of above-mentioned steps one and step 2, for being gathered in the adjacent electronics work period
Whether the signal arrived, identify different signals still as caused by same track；
Step 4: the signal of multiple electronics work periods after step 3 identifies is tied, to whole track
On all signals be fitted after choose signal end, so as to complete the reconstruction to whole track.
Preferably, signal-background examination is carried out in step 1 is specially：Such as within a work period on some minizone
The sum of amplitude of signal being collected into is less than threshold value, then it is assumed that the minizone is not collected into signal within this work period.
The method for reconstructing that online track reconstruction is carried out for signal concretely comprises the following steps：
The first step：First, according to being sized size（Preset value is 2mm, but one of adjustable parameter as algorithm）
In logic by the detection plane of detector（Generally 20cm × 10cm）Multiple minizones are averagely divided into, and to each cell
Between all distribute one with position it is relevant two dimension number.To the electronic system single work period in each minizone
（25ns）In the signal that is collected into pre-processed.Signal-background is carried out first to screen, i.e., if within a work period certain
The sum of amplitude of signal being collected on a minizone is less than threshold value（Algorithm adjustable parameter）, then it is assumed that within this work period
The minizone is not collected into signal.Secondly for screening to there is the section of signal, compared by further analyzing, obtain the area
The preliminary geometry distribution of interior signal, i.e., the maximin of signal distributions in x, y both direction of detector plane.
Second step：Secondly, for having been screened in previous step to there is the minizone of signal, numbered using the two dimension of its distribution
Carry out adjacent identification.Numbered due to two dimension and arranged according to position with this, so if the two of two minizones for having signal
Dimension numbering is adjacent, then illustrates that the signal that the two minizones are collected within the electronics work period may be same track
It is caused.Except the minizone where signal must be adjacent outer, it is also necessary to according to the progress of the scope of the signal distributions in minizone
The differentiation of two dimension（The distribution of the interior signal in different districts necessarily has certain intervals, sufficiently small relative to the size in section when being spaced
When, the signal in two sections can be considered as and be caused by same track.）, can finally determine two adjacent cells
Whether the interior signal being collected into is caused by same track.On this basis, due to the signal processing of each minizone
Complete parallel, therefore handle the time completed possible inconsequent.And when a track all draws in multiple minizones
During signalling, it is likely that be identified as multiple tracks.So the judgement for signal homogeneity in minizone wants iteration multiple, with
Ensure same track in multiple minizones on detector plane caused signal can be correctly identified as it is same
Caused by track.It is as shown in Figure 2 for the handling result of analog simulation data：
It is respectively horizontally and vertically the x-axis and y-axis of detector plane in Fig. 2.The point of grey is detector in single work
The incoming particle being collected into cycle（May be charged particle or x/ gamma-rays）Caused signal.The point of black is for knowing
The position of centre of gravity for the signal being calculated after signal that Wei be caused by same track, and the line of black is to same track
Caused signal carries out the center line obtained after linear fit.Here in order to test the reliability of recognizer, especially by three
The signal of a electronics work period is handled again after being overlapped.So add the probability of signal overlap so that signal
Identification is more difficult from.But the results show in Fig. 2, for all signals, the algorithm of the technical program still can be complete
Identify whether had caused by same track.
All operations above are all just for a work period of electronic system（25ns）The signal of interior formation.It is and right
In the track that a complete charged ion is formed, duration of the signal caused by it according to detector drift region thickness and
The proportioning of working gas is different and may be up to hundreds of nanoseconds.Therefore the portion of complete track can only be collected into the single work period
Sub-signal.On the other hand, the operation of the above is also all based on the minizone on detector plane, and institute on each minizone
The operation logic of progress is all independent and identical, therefore the stronger parallel processing capability of fpga chip can be relied on to carry out
Parallel processing.
3rd step：As it was previously stated, electronic system can only be collected within the single work period caused by a complete track
Signal a part.Therefore need to handle the signal of multiple electronics work periods, to obtain complete detector
Track signal.I.e. on the basis of two above step, for the signal collected in the adjacent electronics work period, know
Whether not different signals is still as caused by same track.The algorithm logic class of specific recognizer logical AND second step
Seemingly.First, since the time collected by electronic system has successively, for same track within the same work period
Caused signal can distinguish initiating terminal and the end end of track.If the signal caused by the track is within the current cycle
Do not collected all, then in next cycle, in the region adjacent with current period signal end position, produced new
Signal, and the initiating terminal of new signal should be very close with the end end of current demand signal.Therefore by the same time access time with
And positional information is identified, two signals that just can produce a track within the two neighboring electronics work period associate
Get up.
4th step：The signal of multiple work periods is tied, forms complete track information.Since track produces letter
Number time it is random, so if occurring associated not believing with the signal in upper a cycle within the current work period
Number, then represent a new signal and originate in the current work period.So in the position that this signal terminates, in next work
Make to find signal corresponding thereto group in the signal in cycle.If can find, represent the track caused by signal be extended to
Next work period.If it can not be found therewith near the position that current period signal terminates within next work period
The signal to match, then represent the signal within the current work period and all terminate.Thus one can be compiled out
The complete signal that track is formed.According to the time response that signal is formed, the more late signal being collected rises closer to track
Beginning.Therefore the end of signal is chosen after being fitted to all signals on whole track with regard to the weight to whole track can be completed
Build.
After the method for reconstructing of the present invention is realized with VHDL language, the code developed is passed through into the USB port of computer and embedding
Enter formula conducting wire to download in FLASH, in pcb board after the power is turned on, FPGA program code reads out of FLASH, and bring into operation the generation
Code.APV chips read the signal of detector per 25ns, and FPGA can control the beginning and end of APV, when detector detects particle
When, FPGA starts to read the data in APV chips, and signal is screened in reading process, deducts invalid data.Profit
X-ray and proton are screened with time complexity curve and opened, is selected to calculate and mark the reading plate of the detector within the period according to user
On independent signal cluster.These information are stored in SDRAM afterwards, and sends data storage to CPLD and finishes signal,
CPLD, which is connected to, to read in the data being stored in SDRAM after data storage finishes signal and carries out track reconstruction and neutron incidence point
Calculating.The final result being calculated is stored in SDRAM, and sends data storage to FPGA and completes signal, FPGA connects
Data are transferred to computer by UBS interfaces after to the signal.
In proton track reconstruction, the influence of two proton signal superpositions is considered, by method for reconstructing, by superposed signal point
Open.The reading plate of GEM detectors can be designed to two-dimentional reading, and simplest is exactly by the sensitive Division of a fixed-area
Much to sing the reading block of minimum area, it is insulated from each other that each, which reads block, this allows for the reading plate of GEM detectors
Have the two-dimensional imaging ability that pixel is the same in similar camera.
The data are handled by the program write, have obtained the examination effect of good proton and X-ray, and complete
The reconstruction of proton, meets preferably with gross data, and code is optimized, and accelerates arithmetic speed.
Technical solution of the present invention, using the powerful parallel abilities of FPGA, detector is transmitted by the way of handling online
The thousands of road signals come are pre-processed, this will greatly reduce data volume, and can utilize the temporal information of signal well,
It can obtain preferably screening effect using the difference of x/ gamma-rays and the signal duration of proton.FPGA is handled using CPLD
The signal that transmission comes, obtains the information such as the gamma-ray energy saltation point of track, x/ of proton and the incidence point of neutron, passes through afterwards
（USB/PXI/INTERNET）Deng universal port, will be stored in the data transfer that we have been handled to computer, imaging results
Displaying and reprocessing etc..
Finally it should be noted that：The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention,
Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still may be used
To modify to the technical solution described in foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitution is carried out to which part technical characteristic.
Within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on, should be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of online track reconstruction data-acquisition system based on gas detector, it is characterised in that including field-programmable
Logic gate array FPGA, analog to digital converter, the first large-scale complex Programmadle logic chip CPLD, the second large-scale complex
Programmadle logic device CPLD, DDR SDRAM memory, flash memory FLASH and SSRAM memory, the analog to digital converter
With field-programmable logic gate array FPGA two-way communication links, the first large-scale complex Programmadle logic chip CPLD's
Output terminal is connected with the input terminal of field-programmable logic gate array FPGA, the second large-scale complex Programmadle logic device
CPLD and field-programmable logic gate array FPGA two-way communication links, the DDR SDRAM memories and second are answered on a large scale
Miscellaneous Programmadle logic device CPLD connections, which is connected with field-programmable logic gate array FPGA, described
Flash memory FLASH and SSRAM memory are connected with the first large-scale complex Programmadle logic chip CPLD, and flash memory FLASH and
SSRAM memories are connected with field-programmable logic gate array FPGA；Gas detector, that is, GEM detectors；
The code developed is downloaded in FLASH by the USB port and embedded conducting wire of computer, upon power-up of the system,
FPGA program code reads out of FLASH, and the code that brings into operation, the APV chips of analog to digital converter are read per 25ns
The signal of GEM detectors, FPGA can control the beginning and end of APV chips, and when GEM detectors detect particle, FPGA is opened
Begin to read the data in APV chips, and signal is screened in reading process, deduct invalid data；Repaiied using the time
Just x-ray and proton are screened and opened, calculates and mark the independent signal cluster read on plate of detector in certain period；Afterwards
These information are stored in SDRAM, and sends data storage to CPLD and finishes signal, CPLD is connected to data storage and finishes signal
The data being stored in SDRAM are read in afterwards and carry out proton track reconstruction and the calculating of neutron incidence point；By what is be calculated
Final result is stored in SDRAM, and is sent data storage to FPGA and completed signal, and FPGA passes through data after being connected to the signal
UBS interfaces are transferred to computer；
In proton track reconstruction, by method for reconstructing, by two protons almost reached at the same time superposed signal is separated,
The reading plate of GEM detectors reads for two dimension, and the sensitive volume of a fixed-area is divided into the reading block of multiple minimum areas,
It is insulated from each other that each, which reads block, so that the reading plate of GEM detectors has two-dimensional imaging ability；It is powerful using FPGA
Parallel ability, thousands of road signals that detector transmission comes are pre-processed, greatly reduce data volume, and can be well
Using the temporal information of signal, screened using the difference of x/ gamma-rays and the signal duration of proton, use CPLD
The signal that FPGA transmission comes is handled, obtains the gamma-ray energy saltation point of track, x/ of proton and the incidence point information of neutron, it
Afterwards by USB, PXI or INTERNET universal port, will be stored in the data transfer handled to computer, imaging results exhibition
Show and reprocess.
2. the online track reconstruction data-acquisition system according to claim 1 based on gas detector, it is characterised in that
The field-programmable logic gate array uses Arria II GX EP2AGX125EF35 FPGA chips.
3. the online track reconstruction data-acquisition system according to claim 1 or 2 based on gas detector, its feature exist
In the first large-scale complex Programmadle logic chip CPLD and the second large-scale complex Programmadle logic device CPLD are adopted
With MAX II EPM2210F256 CPLD chips.
4. the online track reconstruction data-acquisition system according to claim 3 based on gas detector, it is characterised in that
The output port of the field-programmable logic gate array FPGA is electrically connected LED light, the field-programmable logic gate array
The input port connection USB interface of FPGA.
5. the online track reconstruction data-acquisition system according to claim 3 based on gas detector, it is characterised in that
The clock chip of the field-programmable logic gate array FPGA connections 155.52MHz.
It is 6. a kind of based on any online track reconstruction data-acquisition system based on gas detector of claim 1 to 5
Method for reconstructing, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1: the detection plane of detector is averagely logically divided into multiple minizones according to the size dimension of setting,
And distribute each minizone one and numbered with the relevant two dimension in position, to the electronic system list in each minizone
The signal being collected into a work period is pre-processed；Signal-background is carried out first to screen, and is secondly to have signal for screening
Section, compared by further analyzing, obtain the preliminary geometry distribution of signal in the section；Carried out in the step 1
Signal-background is screened：The sum of amplitude of signal being such as collected within a work period on some minizone is less than
Threshold value, then it is assumed that the minizone is not collected into signal within this work period；
Step 2: having been screened for above-mentioned to there is the minizone of signal, adjacent identification is carried out using the two dimension numbering of its distribution；
Step 3: on the basis of above-mentioned steps one and step 2, for what is collected in the adjacent electronics work period
Whether signal, identify different signals still as caused by same track；Specifically, first, within the same work period by
Have in the time collected by electronic system successively, therefore rising for track can be distinguished for signal caused by same track
Beginning and end end；If the signal caused by the track is not collected all within the current cycle, in next week
In phase, in the region adjacent with current period signal end position, new signal is produced, and the initiating terminal of new signal should
It is very close with the end end of current demand signal；Therefore it is identified by access time and positional information at the same time, by a footpath
Two signals that mark produces within the two neighboring electronics work period associate；
Step 4: the signal of multiple electronics work periods after step 3 identifies is tied, on whole track
All signals choose the end of signal after being fitted, so as to complete the reconstruction to whole track；Specifically, since track produces
The time of signal is random, so if occur within the current work period can not be associated with the signal in upper a cycle
Signal, then represent a new signal and originate in the current work period；So in the position that this signal terminates, next
Signal corresponding thereto group is found in the signal of work period, if can find, represent the track caused by signal be extended to
Next work period, if can not be found near the position that current period signal terminates within next work period with
The signal to match, then represent within the current work period signal all terminate；Thus one can be compiled out
The complete signal that a track is formed；According to the time response that signal is formed, the more late signal being collected is closer to track
Initiating terminal；Therefore weight of the end completion to whole track of signal is chosen after being fitted to all signals on whole track
Build.
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