CN104749447B - A kind of evaluation method and device of the electromagnetic radiation from environment of base station - Google Patents
A kind of evaluation method and device of the electromagnetic radiation from environment of base station Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of evaluation method and device of the electromagnetic radiation from environment of base station.The evaluation method of the electromagnetic radiation from environment of the base station includes：Obtain base station the broadcast beam of a future position the first amount of radiation estimate and the base station the business beam of the future position the second amount of radiation estimate；According to the first amount of radiation estimate and the second amount of radiation estimate, electromagnetic radiation from environment estimate of the base station in the future position is generated.The present invention has the characteristics of simple, easy-to-use, to be easy to promote on the premise of application demand precision is met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Electromagnetic Effects on Environmental field, particularly relates to a kind of estimating for electromagnetic radiation from environment of base station
Calculate method and apparatus.
Background technology
At present, in mobile communication network planning, it will usually use following base station electromagnetic radiation predictive mode：
1. empirical mode
Okumura-hata patterns ,-Hata the patterns of COST 231, CCIR patterns, COST231-WIM, standard propagation pattern,
Standard macrocellular pattern.
The common ground of these models is mainly：The maximum distance that concern base station can cover；Estimation range is typically larger than 100
Rice；Consider the influence of multipath transmisstion and landform；Specific antenna directivity is not considered, and for base-station environment impact analysis, concern
Point is typically less than 100 meters of horizon grange (may surpass target area), and these patterns do not apply to substantially.
2. free space pattern
Generally, environmental impact assessment mechanism can typically use when carrying out electromagnetic radiation spatial prediction to mobile communication base station
The HJ/T 10.2-1996 issued to State Environmental Protection Administration《Radiation environment conservative management directive/guide --- electromagnetic radiation monitoring instrument and
Method》Predictive mode (free space pattern) in (hereinafter referred to as directive/guide)：
Free space mode of electromagnetic radiation needs base station parameter few, unrelated with base station operation standard, antenna radiation pattern,
It can only predict that the greatest irradiation of base station is horizontal (axial direction), it is then uncomfortable when needing to carry out the prediction of base station electromagnetic radiation spatial distribution
With.Such as utilize the predictive mode in directive/guide, it will cause a large amount of base station selections not up to standard, increase addressing cost, influence network and cover
Lid quality.Currently, this pattern has been difficult to meet the sides such as the environmental protection addressing of mobile operator base stations, the prediction application of environmental impact assessment mechanism
The demand in face.
The predictive mode of directive/guide is optimized for correlative study, mainly increases antenna direction function and directivity function
In acquisition modes, but Journal of Sex Research is directed to there is not yet related report for TD-LTE working methods itself and radiation pattern etc.
Road.Also there are associated mechanisms to carry out the research to TD SDMA (TD-SCDMA) system prediction pattern recently, predict
Precision is higher, but fitting need to be programmed to directivity function during pattern application and obtains a series of correction factors by surveying,
Using upper complex, it is not easy to promote.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of evaluation method and device of the electromagnetic radiation from environment of base station,
It is fairly simple, it is easy to apply.
On the one hand, there is provided a kind of evaluation method of the electromagnetic radiation from environment of base station, including：
Base station is obtained in the first amount of radiation estimate of the broadcast beam of a future position and the base station in the future position
Business beam the second amount of radiation estimate；
According to the first amount of radiation estimate and the second amount of radiation estimate, the base station is generated in the prediction
The electromagnetic radiation from environment estimate of point.
Optionally, the acquisition base station is wrapped in the step of the first amount of radiation estimate of the broadcast beam of a future position
Include：
The comprehensive correction factor of the broadcast beam radiation value of acquisition base station, the dutycycle of the broadcasting service of base station, base station
Fitting antenna direction function value；
According to the broadcast beam of the base station radiate the comprehensive correction factor of value, base station broadcasting service dutycycle,
The value of the fitting antenna direction function of base station, the first amount of radiation for calculating the base station in the broadcast beam of a future position are estimated
Value.
Optionally, it is described according to the broadcast beam of the base station radiate the comprehensive correction factor of value, base station broadcast service
The dutycycle of business, base station fitting antenna direction function value, calculate the base station a future position broadcast beam first
The step of amount of radiation estimate is specially to be calculated to generate according to below equation：
Wherein, S1For base station the broadcast beam of a future position the first amount of radiation estimate；P is the emitter list of base station
Carrier wave transmission power；A is the bay number of base station；GvFor the bay gain of base station；L is base control and day
Line feeder loss coefficient；R is the line distance of future position and antenna for base station central point；F (θ) is vertical normalization field strength direction letter
Number；θ is future position and the angle of aerial panel vertical direction；F (φ) is level normalization field strength directivity function；φ is future position
Relative to the azimuth of aerial position；f2(θ)·f2(φ) is normalized power directivity function；K1For the broadcast beam spoke of base station
Penetrate the comprehensive correction factor of value；
η1For the dutycycle of the broadcasting service of base station.
Optionally, the value of the vertical normalization field strength directivity function f (θ) calculates according to below equation generates：
Wherein, N is the fitting coefficient of antenna for base station height pattern.
Optionally, the fitting coefficient N of antenna for base station height pattern value obtains according to following steps：
Obtain the first antenna directional diagram that base station is subscribed；
Second antenna radiation pattern is calculated according to vertical normalization field strength directivity function f (θ)；
Selection causes the value of fitting coefficient N when second antenna radiation pattern is overlapping with the first antenna directional diagram,
Value as the fitting coefficient N of antennas orthogonal directional diagram.
Optionally, the value of the level normalization field strength directivity function f (φ) is calculated according to below equation and generated：
Wherein, M is the fitting coefficient of antenna for base station horizontal directivity pattern.
Optionally, the comprehensive correction factor K of the broadcast beam radiation value1Obtain as steps described below：
One base station is set in the starting point of test path, the test path is the road that horizontal and vertical half-power angle intersects
Footpath；
The test point for choosing predetermined number is spaced on the test path by fixed step size, measures each test point
Electromagnetic radiation value；
The parameter of each test point and the parameter of antenna for base station are substituted into calculation formula S1/K1In, obtain each test
First electromagnetic radiation predicted value of point；
By the average of the ratio between the electromagnetic radiation value of each test point and the first electromagnetic radiation predicted value, as
Broadcast beam radiates the comprehensive correction factor K of value1。
Optionally, it is specific the second amount of radiation estimate of the business beam of the future position the step of to obtain the base station
For：
The dutycycle of the figuration correction factor of acquisition base station, the downlink business of base station；
According to the dutycycle of the figuration correction factor of the base station, the downlink business of base station, the base station is calculated and exists
Second amount of radiation estimate of the business beam of the future position.
Optionally, the figuration correction factor according to the base station, base station downlink business dutycycle, be calculated
The base station is specially to be calculated according to below equation in the step of the second amount of radiation estimate of the business beam of the future position
Generation：
Wherein, S2For base station the business beam of future position the second amount of radiation estimate；P is that the emitter list of base station carries
Ripple transmission power；A is the bay number of base station；GhFor the figuration gain of base station；GvFor the bay gain of base station；L is
Base control and antenna feeder loss coefficient；R is the line distance of future position and antenna for base station central point；K2For base station
Figuration correction factor；η2For the dutycycle of the downlink business of base station.
Optionally, the figuration adjusted coefficient K of the base station2Obtained according to following steps：
One base station is set in the starting point of test path, the test path is the road that horizontal and vertical half-power angle intersects
Footpath；
On the test path, subscribed away from antenna for base station horizontal range first at distance, according to the different discrepancy in elevation and water
The test point of predetermined number is chosen in flat angular separation, obtains the electromagnetic radiation measuring value of each test point；
The parameter of each test point and the parameter of antenna for base station are substituted into calculation formula S1+S2/K2In, obtain each test
Second electromagnetic radiation predicted value of point；
By the equal of the ratio between the electromagnetic radiation measuring value of each test point and the second electromagnetic radiation predicted value
Value, as figuration adjusted coefficient K2。
On the other hand, there is provided a kind of estimation device of the electromagnetic radiation from environment of base station, including：
Acquiring unit, base station is obtained in the first amount of radiation estimate of the broadcast beam of a future position and the base station in institute
State the second amount of radiation estimate of the business beam of future position；
Generation unit, according to the first amount of radiation estimate and the second amount of radiation estimate, generate the base station
In the electromagnetic radiation from environment estimate of the future position.
Optionally, the acquiring unit includes：
First obtains subelement, obtains comprehensive correction factor, the broadcast service of base station of the broadcast beam radiation value of base station
The value of the dutycycle of business, the fitting antenna direction function of base station；
First computation subunit, according to the broadcast beam of the base station radiate the comprehensive correction factor of value, base station it is wide
Broadcast the dutycycle of business, base station fitting antenna direction function value, calculate broadcast beam of the base station in a future position
First amount of radiation estimate.
Optionally, first computation subunit is specially and calculated according to below equation：
Wherein, S1For base station the broadcast beam of a future position the first amount of radiation estimate；P is the emitter list of base station
Carrier wave transmission power；A is the bay number of base station；GvFor the bay gain of base station；L is base control and day
Line feeder loss coefficient；R is the line distance of future position and antenna for base station central point；F (θ) is vertical normalization field strength direction letter
Number；θ is future position and the angle of aerial panel vertical direction；F (φ) is level normalization field strength directivity function；φ is future position
Relative to the azimuth of aerial position；f2(θ)·f2(φ) is normalized power directivity function；K1For the broadcast beam spoke of base station
Penetrate the comprehensive correction factor of value；
η1For the dutycycle of the broadcasting service of base station.
Optionally, the acquiring unit also includes：
Second obtains subelement, obtain the figuration correction factor of base station, base station downlink business dutycycle；
Second computation subunit, according to the dutycycle of the figuration correction factor of the base station, the downlink business of base station, calculate
Obtain second amount of radiation estimate of the base station in the business beam of the future position.
Optionally, second computation subunit is specially and calculated according to below equation：
Wherein, S2For base station the business beam of future position the second amount of radiation estimate；P is that the emitter list of base station carries
Ripple transmission power；A is the bay number of base station；GhIt is the figuration gain of base station；GvIt is the bay gain of base station；L is
Base control and antenna feeder loss coefficient；R is the line distance of future position and antenna for base station central point；K2It is base station
Figuration correction factor；η2For the dutycycle of the downlink business of base station.
The above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention has the beneficial effect that：
The characteristics of present invention combines mobile communication base station mode of operation, the electricity of broadcasting service and data service is considered respectively
Magnetic radiation amount, there is the characteristics of simple, easy-to-use.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic flow sheet of the evaluation method of the electromagnetic radiation from environment of base station of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of connection diagram of the estimation device of electromagnetic radiation from environment of base station of the present invention.
Embodiment
To make the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and tool
Body embodiment is described in detail.
As described in Figure 1, it is a kind of evaluation method of the electromagnetic radiation from environment of base station of the present invention, including：
Step 11, base station is obtained in the first amount of radiation estimate of the broadcast beam of a future position and the base station described
Second amount of radiation estimate of the business beam of future position；
Step 12, according to the first amount of radiation estimate and the second amount of radiation estimate, generate the base station and exist
The electromagnetic radiation from environment estimate of the future position.
The present invention is on the basis of free space predictive mode, with reference to TD-LTE mobile communication base stations mode of operation and intelligence
The characteristics of antenna, broadcasting service and data service are considered respectively, by introducing the fitting antenna direction letter with higher applicability
Number and its fitting coefficient, related correction factor and dutycycle, so as to obtain and actual prediction result relatively.In addition, this
Invention has the characteristics of simple, easy-to-use, to be easy to promote on the premise of application demand precision is met, can be TD-LTE base stations electricity
Magnetic radiation environmental impact prediction provides applicable predictive mode with analysis, substantially reduces the TD-LTE base station selection costs of operator
With the forecast cost of environmental impact assessment mechanism.
Optionally, it is specific the first amount of radiation estimate of the broadcast beam of a future position the step of to obtain the base station
For：
The comprehensive correction factor of the broadcast beam radiation value of acquisition base station, the dutycycle of the broadcasting service of base station, base station
Fitting antenna direction function value；
According to the broadcast beam of the base station radiate the comprehensive correction factor of value, base station broadcasting service dutycycle,
The value of the fitting antenna direction function of base station, the first amount of radiation for calculating the base station in the broadcast beam of a future position are estimated
Value.
Optionally, it is described according to the broadcast beam of the base station radiate the comprehensive correction factor of value, base station broadcast service
The dutycycle of business, base station fitting antenna direction function value, calculate the base station a future position broadcast beam first
The step of amount of radiation estimate is specially to be calculated to generate according to below equation：
Wherein, S1For base station the broadcast beam of a future position the first amount of radiation estimate；P is the emitter list of base station
Carrier wave transmission power；A is the bay number of base station；GvFor the bay gain of base station；L is base control and day
Line feeder loss coefficient；R is the line distance of future position and antenna for base station central point；F (θ) is vertical normalization field strength direction letter
Number；θ is future position and the angle of aerial panel vertical direction；F (φ) is level normalization field strength directivity function；φ is future position
Relative to the azimuth of aerial position；f2(θ)·f2(φ) is normalized power directivity function；K1For the broadcast beam spoke of base station
Penetrate the comprehensive correction factor of value；
η1For the dutycycle of the broadcasting service of base station.
Optionally, the value of the vertical normalization field strength directivity function f (θ) calculates according to below equation generates：
Wherein, N is the fitting coefficient of antenna for base station height pattern.
Optionally, the fitting coefficient N of antenna for base station height pattern value obtains according to following steps：
Obtain the first antenna directional diagram that base station is subscribed；
Second antenna radiation pattern is calculated according to vertical normalization field strength directivity function f (θ)；
Selection causes the value of fitting coefficient N when second antenna radiation pattern is overlapping with the first antenna directional diagram,
Value as the fitting coefficient N of antennas orthogonal directional diagram.
Optionally, the fitting coefficient M of antenna for base station horizontal directivity pattern value obtains according to following steps：
Obtain the third antenna directional diagram that base station is subscribed；
4th antenna radiation pattern is calculated according to level normalization field strength directivity function f (φ)；
Selection causes the value of fitting coefficient M when the 4th antenna radiation pattern is overlapping with the third antenna directional diagram,
Value as the fitting coefficient M of antenna horizontal directivity pattern.
Optionally, the value of the level normalization field strength directivity function f (φ) is calculated according to below equation and generated：
Wherein, M is the fitting coefficient of antenna for base station horizontal directivity pattern.
Optionally, the comprehensive correction factor K of the broadcast beam radiation value1Obtain as steps described below：
One base station is set in the starting point of test path, the test path is the road that horizontal and vertical half-power angle intersects
Footpath；For example have an area of around base station in the range of 500 meters without cellphone subscriber (no data business), it is ensured that only exist broadcasting service.
The test point for choosing predetermined number is spaced on the test path by fixed step size, measures each test point
Electromagnetic radiation value；
The parameter of each test point and the parameter of antenna for base station are substituted into calculation formula S1/K1In, obtain each test
First electromagnetic radiation predicted value of point.Specially：By the relevant parameter of the antenna for base station obtained from mobile operator (it is horizontal and
Half-power angle (θ, φ), gain G, power P, feed line length, bay number A, the distance of each test point and center of antenna
R, duty cycle parameters η1Deng) substitute into calculation formula, obtain the first electromagnetic radiation predicted value of each test point；
Wherein,
By the average of the ratio between the electromagnetic radiation value of each test point and the first electromagnetic radiation predicted value, as
Broadcast beam radiates the comprehensive correction factor K of value1。
Optionally, it is specific the second amount of radiation estimate of the business beam of the future position the step of to obtain the base station
For：
The dutycycle of the figuration correction factor of acquisition base station, the downlink business of base station；
According to the dutycycle of the figuration correction factor of the base station, the downlink business of base station, the base station is calculated and exists
Second amount of radiation estimate of the business beam of the future position.
Optionally, the figuration correction factor according to the base station, base station downlink business dutycycle, be calculated
The base station is specially to be calculated according to below equation in the step of the second amount of radiation estimate of the business beam of the future position
Generation：
Wherein, S2For base station the business beam of future position the second amount of radiation estimate；P is that the emitter list of base station carries
Ripple transmission power；A is the bay number of base station；GhFor the figuration gain of base station；GvFor the bay gain of base station；L is
Base control and antenna feeder loss coefficient；R is the line distance of future position and antenna for base station central point；K2For base station
Figuration correction factor；η2For the dutycycle of the downlink business of base station.
Optionally, the figuration adjusted coefficient K of the base station2Obtained according to following steps：
One base station is set in the starting point of test path, the test path is the road that horizontal and vertical half-power angle intersects
Footpath；
On the test path, subscribed away from antenna for base station horizontal range first at distance, according to the different discrepancy in elevation and water
The test point of predetermined number is chosen in flat angular separation, obtains the electromagnetic radiation measuring value of each test point；
The parameter of each test point and the parameter of antenna for base station are substituted into calculation formula S1+S2/K2In, obtain each test
Second electromagnetic radiation predicted value of point；
Wherein,
By the equal of the ratio between the electromagnetic radiation measuring value of each test point and the second electromagnetic radiation predicted value
Value, as figuration adjusted coefficient K2。
As described in Figure 2, for base station of the present invention electromagnetic radiation from environment estimation device, including：
Acquiring unit 21, obtain base station and exist in the first amount of radiation estimate of the broadcast beam of a future position and the base station
Second amount of radiation estimate of the business beam of the future position；
Generation unit 22, according to the first amount of radiation estimate and the second amount of radiation estimate, generate the base
Stand in the electromagnetic radiation from environment estimate of the future position.
Optionally, the acquiring unit 21 includes：
First obtains subelement, obtains comprehensive correction factor, the broadcast service of base station of the broadcast beam radiation value of base station
The value of the dutycycle of business, the fitting antenna direction function of base station；
First computation subunit, according to the broadcast beam of the base station radiate the comprehensive correction factor of value, base station it is wide
Broadcast the dutycycle of business, base station fitting antenna direction function value, calculate broadcast beam of the base station in a future position
First amount of radiation estimate.
Optionally, first computation subunit is specially and calculated according to below equation：
Wherein, S1For base station the broadcast beam of a future position the first amount of radiation estimate；P is the emitter list of base station
Carrier wave transmission power；A is the bay number of base station；GvFor the bay gain of base station；L is base control and day
Line feeder loss coefficient；R is the line distance of future position and antenna for base station central point；F (θ) is vertical normalization field strength direction letter
Number；θ is future position and the angle of aerial panel vertical direction；F (φ) is level normalization field strength directivity function；φ is future position
Relative to the azimuth of aerial position；f2(θ)·f2(φ) is normalized power directivity function；K1For the broadcast beam spoke of base station
Penetrate the comprehensive correction factor of value；
η1For the dutycycle of the broadcasting service of base station.
Optionally, the acquiring unit 21 also includes：
Second obtains subelement, obtain the figuration correction factor of base station, base station downlink business dutycycle；
Second computation subunit, according to the dutycycle of the figuration correction factor of the base station, the downlink business of base station, calculate
Obtain second amount of radiation estimate of the base station in the business beam of the future position.
Optionally, second computation subunit is specially and calculated according to below equation：
Wherein, S2For base station the business beam of future position the second amount of radiation estimate；P is that the emitter list of base station carries
Ripple transmission power；A is the bay number of base station；GhIt is the figuration gain of base station；GvIt is the bay gain of base station；L is
Base control and antenna feeder loss coefficient；R is the line distance of future position and antenna for base station central point；K2It is base station
Figuration correction factor；η2For the dutycycle of the downlink business of base station.
The application scenarios of the evaluation method of the electromagnetic radiation from environment of base station of the present invention are described below.
This application scene is mobile communication base station electromagnetic radiation from environment three dimensions Forecasting Methodology, can apply to TD-LTE
Systems such as (Time Division Long Term Evolution, timesharing Long Term Evolutions).
Some concepts in this application scene are described first below.
1. antenna figuration
Antenna figuration refers to the excitation (weights, including amplitude and phase) by adjusting each bay, makes antenna beam
Pattern shapes are changed into the beam shape specified.Antenna figuration is broadly divided into business beam shaping (business time-slot) and broadcast beam
Figuration (time slot).
TD-SCDMA system uses semi-intelligent antenna, business beam horizontal direction wave beam forming can be achieved, in vertical direction
Figuration can not be carried out, for broadcast beam without figuration.
TD-LTE is influenceing the Main Factors (radiation pattern, dutycycle, smart antenna) and TD- of base station electromagnetic radiation level
SCDMA, GSM (global system for mobile communications) are significantly different, therefore the electromagnetic radiation from environment three dimensions prediction of TD-LTE base stations
The method also difference with TD-SCDMA, GSM
2. duty situation
Dutycycle refers to down transmitting power time ratio shared within a cycle.TD-LTE system and TD-
The dutycycle of SCDMA systems is relevant with their own frame structure.The each field of TD-LTE system is made up of 5 subframes, wherein
Including 4 common subframes and 1 special subframe, common subframe is made up of 2 time slots, and special subframe is made up of 3 time slots.According to
Different dutycycles can be achieved in a variety of time slot ratio configurations.The each subframe of TD-SCDMA system includes 7 regular time slots (TS0-
TS7) and 3 special time slots (DwPTS descending pilot frequency time slots, GP main protections time slot, UpPTS uplink pilot time slots), during 7 routines
TS0 is fixed as descending time slot (time slot) in gap, and TS1 is fixed as ascending time slot, therefore dutycycle is 1/7.Gsm system power
Continuous transmitting, dutycycle 100%.
3. number of users
For the system of TDD (time division duplex) mode, TD-SCDMA system in fully-loaded case, Mei Geye
Be engaged in time slot most multipotency 8 users of carrying, and the radiant power of each user is the 1/8 of business time-slot general power.The 1 of TD-LTE system
Individual user can take whole downstream traffic slots, also just say 1 user can 100% take downstream traffic slot global radiation
Power, this also illustrates that under the same conditions, the radiation level of TD-LTE base stations is greater than TD-SCDMA's.
Below by taking TD-LTE as an example, the mobile communication base station electromagnetic radiation from environment three dimensions Forecasting Methodology of the present invention is described
Concrete scheme.
Electromagnetic radiation from environment three dimensions predictive mode in TD-LTE mobile communication base stations of the present invention is：
Wherein, S is electromagnetic radiation from environment estimate of the base station in a future position；
S1(it is equal to above-mentioned the first amount of radiation estimation for amount of radiation estimate of the base station in the broadcast beam of a future position
Value)；
S2(it is equal to above-mentioned the second amount of radiation estimation for amount of radiation estimate of the base station in the business beam of a future position
Value)；
P is base station transmitter single carrier transmission power, and unit is watt W；A is the bay number of base station；GvIt is base station
Bay gain；L is base control and antenna feeder loss coefficient；R is future position and antenna for base station central point
Line distance, unit can be rice；F (θ) is vertical normalization field strength directivity function；θ is future position and aerial panel Vertical Square
To angle；F (φ) is level normalization field strength directivity function；φ is azimuth of the future position relative to aerial position；f2
(θ)·f2(φ) is normalized power directivity function；K1It is the correction factor of broadcast beam, when the broadcast for being same as above-mentioned base station
The comprehensive correction factor of beam radiation value；
η1It is the dutycycle of the broadcasting service of base station；GhIt is the figuration gain of base station；K2It is the figuration correction factor of base station；
η2For the dutycycle of the downlink business of base station.
The acquisition of parameters value is described below.
(1) the radiation value S of broadcast beam1。
Radiation value S for broadcast beam1, due to without wave beam forming, it is necessary to consider the direction of the launch and its collection of antenna
Middle degree, that is, need incoming direction function.Because the directional diagram that fitting function obtains with actual measurement has certain error, need
Introduce adjusted coefficient K1It is modified.
Wherein, A is the bay number of base station；GvIt is the array element gain (multiple) of base station；L is proposed base station control system
System and antenna feeder loss coefficient (multiple)；R is the line distance of future position and proposed antenna for base station central point, and unit is rice,
m；F (θ), f (φ) are respectively vertical, level normalization field strength directivity function；f2(θ)·f2(φ) is normalized power direction letter
Number；θ is the angle of future position and aerial panel vertical direction；φ is azimuth of the future position relative to aerial position；η1To be wide
Broadcast the dutycycle of business, η1=downlink pilot frequency channel the time/down channel total time；K1It is the synthesis of broadcast beam radiation value
Correction factor.
(2) vertical, level normalization field strength directivity function
(3) the fitting coefficient M and N of antenna radiation pattern
The fitting coefficient M and N of antenna radiation pattern can compare fitting process by Graphics overlay and obtain.Comprise the following steps that：
First, relevant parameter (such as antenna radiation pattern or directional diagram numerical value row of antenna for base station are obtained by mobile operator
Table etc.)；
Secondly, using Matlab mathematical softwares, by programming by formula (1), (2) drafting pattern, by adjusting N's and M
Numerical value so that the antenna radiation pattern of drafting is overlapping with the antenna radiation pattern that operator provides, to determine N and M value, this method ratio
It is simpler, easy-to-use.
Following table 1 is fitting coefficient table
(4) the comprehensive correction factor K of broadcast beam radiation value1。
K1It can obtain as steps described below：
A open test site) is chosen, sets Emergency communication vehicle to be located at the starting point of a test path, on Emergency communication vehicle
The technical parameter of base station is consistent with the associated technical parameters of proposed base station；Because the parameter for characterizing antenna radiation pattern is half-power
Angle, therefore the intersecting path of horizontal and vertical half-power angle is chosen as test path；
B the place without cellphone subscriber's (no data business) in the range of 500 meters) is chosen on Emergency communication vehicle around base station, really
Guarantor only exists broadcasting service.
C) test point of different distance is set on test path, according to the measured value and predicted value of test point, compared
To K1.Comprise the following steps that：First, on test path, by the measurement of the rf integration field intensity meter in anti-interference measurement apparatus
The center of antenna point distance of probe and Emergency communication vehicle is adjusted to 10m；Secondly, 5 are chosen by fixed step size on test path
Test point, measure the electromagnetic radiation value of test point；Then, the parameter of each test point and the parameter of antenna for base station are substituted into
Calculation formula S1/K1In, obtain the first electromagnetic radiation predicted value of each test point.Wherein,Finally, each test point electromagnetic radiation value and predicted value ratio are calculated
The average of value, obtain the comprehensive correction factor K of broadcast beam radiation value1。
In the prior art, directivity function is typically obtained by the fitting to antenna radiation pattern, and existing research direction is main
Including two aspects：(1) a function pair directional diagram curve is found by various algorithms (such as genetic algorithm, ant group algorithm etc.)
Full section fitting is carried out, precision of prediction is directly related with algorithm, and needing for high-precision for needs and more complicated directional diagram is very multiple
Miscellaneous algorithm；(2) for complicated directional diagram, by way of piecewise fitting, directional diagram is expressed by N number of piecewise function, it is this
The function of method is relatively simple, but application is complicated.The fitting function of the present invention, it is possible to achieve moved to major part (1188 kinds of combinations)
Dynamic company often uses the fitting of the directional diagram of antenna.The antenna radiation pattern fitting function of the present invention has the characteristics that：(1) guarantee pair
The fitting precision of main lobe, suitably takes into account secondary lobe；(2) function answers relatively easy and easy-to-use application；(3) it disclosure satisfy that three-dimensional prediction should
Needs.
(5) the radiation value S of business beam2。
Radiation value S for business beam2, due to using full smart antenna, realize that business time-slot is horizontal, vertical
Direction wave beam forming, theory can not consider the influence of the antenna direction of the launch, but wave beam forming efficiency (its be present in practical application
Main lobe axially whether all the time against terminal user) the problem of, it is necessary to introduce figuration adjusted coefficient K2.
Wherein：GhIt is figuration gain (multiple)；
η2For the dutycycle of downlink business, η2=downlink traffic channel the time/down channel total time.
K2It is figuration correction factor.
(6) figuration adjusted coefficient K is described2。
Figuration adjusted coefficient K2It can obtain as steps described below：
A open test site) is chosen, sets Emergency communication vehicle to be located at the starting point of a test path, on Emergency communication vehicle
The technical parameter of base station is consistent with the associated technical parameters of proposed base station；Because the parameter for characterizing antenna radiation pattern is half-power
Angle, therefore the intersecting path of horizontal and vertical half-power angle is chosen as test path.
B) on test path, at 10 meters away from antenna horizontal range, it is respectively 1.5 that electric field probe is placed on into the discrepancy in elevation
Rice, 3 meters and 4.5 meters, horizontal direction angle is respectively in 15 °, 30 ° and 45 ° of 9 test points, by testing each test point, is obtained
Obtain 9 groups of electromagnetic radiation measuring values.
C) synthesis that parameter (θ and φ) corresponding to 9 test points in selecting step (B) and broadcast beam are radiated to value is repaiied
Positive coefficient K1, substitute into S1And S2/K2Calculation formula in, the sum of the two is then obtained, so as to obtain 9 groups of point electromagnetic radiation prediction
Value.
D 9 groups of test point electromagnetic radiation measuring values and the average of predicted value ratio) are calculated, obtain figuration adjusted coefficient K2。
The present invention has the characteristics of simple, easy-to-use, precision of prediction is higher, can substantially reduce the TD-LTE base stations choosing of operator
Location cost and the raising network coverage, it can also meet that there is spy that is simple, easy-to-use, being easy to popularization on the premise of application demand precision
Point, the blank in TD-LET base-station environment electromagnetic radiation predictive modes field is filled up, has realized TD-LTE mobile communication base stations environment
The accurate prediction of electromagnetic radiation level three-dimensional spatial distribution.Certainly, present invention may also apply to the environment of the base station to having built up electricity
The estimation of magnetic radiation.
Described above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art
For, on the premise of principle of the present invention is not departed from, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. evaluation method of the electromagnetic radiation from environment of base station, it is characterised in that including：Obtain base station the broadcast beam of a future position the first amount of radiation estimate and the base station the future position industry Second amount of radiation estimate of business wave beam；According to the first amount of radiation estimate and the second amount of radiation estimate, the base station is generated in the future position Electromagnetic radiation from environment estimate；Wherein, the acquisition base station includes in the step of the first amount of radiation estimate of the broadcast beam of a future position：Dutycycle, the plan of base station of the comprehensive correction factor of the broadcast beam radiation value of acquisition base station, the broadcasting service of base station Close the value of antenna direction function；According to the comprehensive correction factor of the broadcast beam of base station radiation value, the dutycycle of the broadcasting service of base station, base station Fitting antenna direction function value, calculate first amount of radiation estimate of the base station in the broadcast beam of a future position；It is specially according to following public affairs that the base station, which is calculated, in the step of the first amount of radiation estimate of the broadcast beam of a future position Formula calculates generation：<mrow> <msub> <mi>S</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>100</mn> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>P</mi> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mi>v</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mi>L</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>&pi;</mi> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msup> <mi>f</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>&theta;</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msup> <mi>f</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>&phi;</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msub> <mi>&eta;</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>;</mo> </mrow>Wherein, S1For base station the broadcast beam of a future position the first amount of radiation estimate；P is the emitter single carrier of base station Transmission power；A is the bay number of base station；GvFor the bay gain of base station；L is base control and antenna feed Line loss factor；R is the line distance of future position and antenna for base station central point；F (θ) is vertical normalization field strength directivity function；θ For future position and the angle of aerial panel vertical direction；F (φ) is level normalization field strength directivity function；φ is that future position is relative In the azimuth of aerial position；f2(θ)·f2(φ) is normalized power directivity function；K1For the broadcast beam amount of radiation of base station The comprehensive correction factor of value；η1For the dutycycle of the broadcasting service of base station；Wherein, the comprehensive correction factor K of the broadcast beam radiation value1Obtain as steps described below：One base station is set in the starting point of test path, the test path is the path that horizontal and vertical half-power angle intersects；The test point for choosing predetermined number is spaced on the test path by fixed step size, measures the electromagnetism of each test point Radiate value；The parameter of each test point and the parameter of antenna for base station are substituted into calculation formula S1/K1In, obtain each test point First electromagnetic radiation predicted value；By the average of the ratio between the electromagnetic radiation value of each test point and the first electromagnetic radiation predicted value, as broadcast The comprehensive correction factor K of beam radiation value1。
- 2. the evaluation method of the electromagnetic radiation from environment of base station according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the vertical normalizing The value for changing field strength directivity function f (θ) calculates generation according to below equation：<mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>&theta;</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>cos</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mi>&pi;</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mi>sin</mi> <mi>&theta;</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>cos</mi> <mi>&theta;</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>&times;</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>sin</mi> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mi>&theta;</mi> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mi> </mi> <mi>sin</mi> <mfrac> <mi>&theta;</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>&times;</mo> <mi>cos</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mi>&pi;</mi> <mn>4</mn> </mfrac> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mi>cos</mi> <mi>&theta;</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>;</mo> </mrow>Wherein, N is the fitting coefficient of antenna for base station height pattern.
- 3. the evaluation method of the electromagnetic radiation from environment of base station according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the antenna for base station The fitting coefficient N of height pattern value obtains according to following steps：Obtain the first antenna directional diagram that base station is subscribed；Second antenna radiation pattern is calculated according to vertical normalization field strength directivity function f (θ)；Selection causes the value of fitting coefficient N when second antenna radiation pattern is overlapping with the first antenna directional diagram, as The fitting coefficient N of antennas orthogonal directional diagram value.
- 4. the evaluation method of the electromagnetic radiation from environment of base station according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the horizontal normalizing The value for changing field strength directivity function f (φ) calculates generation according to below equation：<mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>&phi;</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>M</mi> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mi>&pi;</mi> </mrow> <mn>25</mn> </mfrac> <mi>s</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mi>&phi;</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>M</mi> <mi> </mi> <mi>sin</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mi>&pi;</mi> </mrow> <mn>25</mn> </mfrac> <mi>s</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mi>&phi;</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>&times;</mo> <mi>s</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mi>&pi;</mi> <mn>4</mn> </mfrac> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>s</mi> <mi>&phi;</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>;</mo> </mrow>Wherein, M is the fitting coefficient of antenna for base station horizontal directivity pattern.
- 5. the evaluation method of the electromagnetic radiation from environment of base station according to claim 1, it is characterised in that obtain the base station Include in the step of the second amount of radiation estimate of the business beam of the future position：The dutycycle of the figuration correction factor of acquisition base station, the downlink business of base station；According to the dutycycle of the figuration correction factor of the base station, the downlink business of base station, the base station is calculated described Second amount of radiation estimate of the business beam of future position.
- 6. the evaluation method of the electromagnetic radiation from environment of base station according to claim 5, it is characterised in thatThe figuration correction factor according to the base station, base station downlink business dutycycle, the base station is calculated and exists The step of second amount of radiation estimate of the business beam of the future position is specially to be calculated to generate according to below equation：<mrow> <msub> <mi>S</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>100</mn> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>P</mi> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mi>h</mi> </msub> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mi>v</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mi>L</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>&pi;</mi> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msub> <mi>&eta;</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>;</mo> </mrow>Wherein, S2For base station the business beam of future position the second amount of radiation estimate；P is that the emitter single carrier of base station is sent out Penetrate power；A is the bay number of base station；GhFor the figuration gain of base station；GvFor the bay gain of base station；L is base station Control system and antenna feeder loss coefficient；R is the line distance of future position and antenna for base station central point；K2For the figuration of base station Correction factor；η2For the dutycycle of the downlink business of base station.
- 7. the evaluation method of the electromagnetic radiation from environment of base station according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the tax of the base station Shape adjusted coefficient K2Obtained according to following steps：One base station is set in the starting point of test path, the test path is the path that horizontal and vertical half-power angle intersects；On the test path, subscribed away from antenna for base station horizontal range first at distance, according to the different discrepancy in elevation and level side The test point of predetermined number is chosen to angle, obtains the electromagnetic radiation measuring value of each test point；The parameter of each test point and the parameter of antenna for base station are substituted into calculation formula S1+S2/K2In, obtain each test point Second electromagnetic radiation predicted value；By the average of the ratio between the electromagnetic radiation measuring value of each test point and the second electromagnetic radiation predicted value, make For figuration adjusted coefficient K2。
- A kind of 8. estimation device of the electromagnetic radiation from environment of base station, it is characterised in that including：Acquiring unit, base station is obtained in the first amount of radiation estimate of the broadcast beam of a future position and the base station described pre- Second amount of radiation estimate of the business beam of measuring point；Generation unit, according to the first amount of radiation estimate and the second amount of radiation estimate, the base station is generated in institute State the electromagnetic radiation from environment estimate of future position；Wherein, the acquiring unit includes：First obtains subelement, obtains the broadcast beam radiation comprehensive correction factor of value of base station, the broadcasting service of base station Dutycycle, the value for being fitted antenna direction function of base station；First computation subunit, according to the comprehensive correction factor of the broadcast beam of base station radiation value, the broadcast service of base station The dutycycle of business, base station fitting antenna direction function value, calculate the base station a future position broadcast beam first Amount of radiation estimate；First computation subunit is specially to be calculated according to below equation：<mrow> <msub> <mi>S</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>100</mn> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>P</mi> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mi>v</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mi>L</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>&pi;</mi> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msup> <mi>f</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>&theta;</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msup> <mi>f</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>&phi;</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msub> <mi>&eta;</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>;</mo> </mrow>Wherein, S1For base station the broadcast beam of a future position the first amount of radiation estimate；P is the emitter single carrier of base station Transmission power；A is the bay number of base station；GvFor the bay gain of base station；L is base control and antenna feed Line loss factor；R is the line distance of future position and antenna for base station central point；F (θ) is vertical normalization field strength directivity function；θ For future position and the angle of aerial panel vertical direction；F (φ) is level normalization field strength directivity function；φ is that future position is relative In the azimuth of aerial position；f2(θ)·f2(φ) is normalized power directivity function；K1For the broadcast beam amount of radiation of base station The comprehensive correction factor of value；η1For the dutycycle of the broadcasting service of base station；Wherein, the comprehensive correction factor K of the broadcast beam radiation value1Obtain as steps described below：One base station is set in the starting point of test path, the test path is the path that horizontal and vertical half-power angle intersects；The test point for choosing predetermined number is spaced on the test path by fixed step size, measures the electromagnetism of each test point Radiate value；The parameter of each test point and the parameter of antenna for base station are substituted into calculation formula S1/K1In, obtain each test point First electromagnetic radiation predicted value；By the average of the ratio between the electromagnetic radiation value of each test point and the first electromagnetic radiation predicted value, as broadcast The comprehensive correction factor K of beam radiation value1。
- 9. the estimation device of the electromagnetic radiation from environment of base station according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the acquiring unit Also include：Second obtains subelement, obtain the figuration correction factor of base station, base station downlink business dutycycle；Second computation subunit, according to the dutycycle of the figuration correction factor of the base station, the downlink business of base station, it is calculated Second amount of radiation estimate of the base station in the business beam of the future position.
- 10. the estimation device of the electromagnetic radiation from environment of base station according to claim 9, it is characterised in that second meter Operator unit is specially to be calculated according to below equation：<mrow> <msub> <mi>S</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>100</mn> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>P</mi> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mi>h</mi> </msub> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mi>v</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mi>L</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>&pi;</mi> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msub> <mi>&eta;</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>;</mo> </mrow>Wherein, S2For base station the business beam of future position the second amount of radiation estimate；P is the emitter single carrier hair of base station Penetrate power；A is the bay number of base station；GhIt is the figuration gain of base station；GvIt is the bay gain of base station；L is base station Control system and antenna feeder loss coefficient；R is the line distance of future position and antenna for base station central point；K2It is the figuration of base station Correction factor；η2For the dutycycle of the downlink business of base station.
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