CN104749344B - Landslide, in-situ ionic rare earth leaching ore deposit pilot system - Google Patents
Landslide, in-situ ionic rare earth leaching ore deposit pilot system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104749344B CN104749344B CN201510134270.6A CN201510134270A CN104749344B CN 104749344 B CN104749344 B CN 104749344B CN 201510134270 A CN201510134270 A CN 201510134270A CN 104749344 B CN104749344 B CN 104749344B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to geologic hazard model test field, relate to a kind of landslide experimental system, particularly relate to landslide, a kind of in-situ ionic rare earth leaching ore deposit pilot system.The present invention includes casing, be arranged in the leaching ore deposit fluid injection control section at casing top, be arranged at the displacement monitoring part in casing, penetration testing part, be arranged in the discharging device of bottom half.Automaticity of the present invention is high, can be used for carrying out the deformation failure test of Rare-earth Mine in_situ leaching landslide under multifactor effect, the advantage such as there is convenience, strong operability, can reappear, by the size regulating water inlet switch to regulate reservoir quantity, the different actual conditions of simulation Rare-earth Mine in_situ leaching, test the parameter that comes down under different fluid injection condition, reliable test figure is provided, realize macroscopic perspective to disclose evolutionary process and the failure mechanism that Rare-earth Mine in_situ leaching causes landslide, for the control of Rare-earth Mine in_situ leaching induced landslide provides theoretical foundation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geologic hazard model test field, relate to a kind of landslide experimental system, particularly relate to landslide, a kind of in-situ ionic rare earth leaching ore deposit pilot system.
Background technology
China is rare earth resources big country, and current explored rare-earth industry reserves account for 80% of the known world rare earth reserves.South is based on heavy rare earth, and north is based on light rare earth.Ion type rareearth mineral deposit, south type is " weathering crust type ", and being rich in the necessary middle heavy rare earth elements in the leading-edge field such as modern high technology and national defence such as yttrium, dysprosium, terbium, is Dominant Mineral Resources and the strategic resource of China.In ion adsorption type re residual deposit, the rare earth element of about 75%-95% is that cationic state is adsorbed on as in porcelain earth, smectite, all the other rare earth element of 10% are that mineral resemble, the form of isomorph and solid dispersal elephant exists, so adopt ammonium sulfate leaching liquid to soak molten ore to obtain ion type rareearth ion at present.
The exploitation of ion type rareearth ore started to adopt leaching process, dump leaching process in the eighties, adopted in_situ leaching technique at present.Leaching process, dump leaching process need unsoil, excavation ore, can cause the problems such as serious soil erosion, environmental pollution, now be prohibited the exploitation for Rare Earth Mine by country.In_situ leaching technique does not need unsoil, does not excavate ore, leaching mineral solution and ammonium sulfate are injected the weathering ore body under natural mode of occurence through fluid injection well, kation in the agent solution of leaching ore deposit forms mother liquor by under the rare earth ion exchanged being adsorbed on surface of clay under static pressure maceration condition, mother liquor flows out, with the rare earth in oxalic acid precipitation mother liquor from liquid collection engineering system.Although " in_situ leaching " method overcomes pond and invades, many shortcomings of dump leaching process, but excavate a large amount of fluid injection wells because needing artificial Luoyang Spade, a large amount of ore leachate injects underground ore bed and ore leachate to the long-time immersion of ore body by fluid injection well, erosion action, and the protolith of ion type rareearth ore is mainly ore-bearing granite, raw ore is similar to soil outward, intensity is lower, fluid injection damages massif original ground stress equilibrium state, ground disturbance is obvious, to slope stability, the physico-mechanical properties impact of soil is very large, if the ore body leaching ore deposit cycle is longer, the ore leachate oozed from fluid injection down-hole will make ore body increase the weight of, increase downward sliding force and make the crack that hillside occurs differ in size, even cause caving in and induced landslide of fluid injection well, stope landslide accident is also everlasting in in_situ leaching mining process and is occurred, serious harm is caused to the lives and properties of the people.Therefore, to the research on ion type rareearth ore mountain in_situ leaching landslide, fundamental research foundation can be provided to in_situ leaching Rare-earth Mine preventing land slide, calamity is kept away to mitigation, promote that regional sustainable development strategy enforcement is significant.
In recent decades, in the genesis mechanism, prediction etc. of landslide disaster, large quantity research has been done both at home and abroad.When landslide enters quick sliding, be difficult to the deformation failure observing gliding mass inside, adopt in-situ test to need higher expense.As a type of geomechanical model test, adopt indoor Landslide Model to test and but can effectively observe, so Landslide Model experiment is subject to the welcome of landslide engineering researcher and widely uses.
At present, slope model test system is generally made up of chamber, slope body charger and measurement mechanism, most landslide simulation experimental device adopts the changeless mode of bank slope degree, rock landslip and landslide o earth slope test unit can be divided into according to landslide media type, some experimental provisions consider the impact of rainfall on landslide, what have considers reservoir level lifting to the impact on landslide, and some devices have buried the sensor such as soil pressure cell, pore pressure gauge underground.But in_situ leaching technique is the class soil body of a complexity as a kind of special modified technique, ion type rareearth ore body, little to the experimental study on landslide, in-situ ionic rare earth leaching ore deposit, and there is the deficiency of following several respects in current landslide test model pilot system:
(1) adopt sensor conventional measurement devices because of the size of sensor relative model chamber larger, the size of chamber need be strengthened, avoid the movement of sensor to the soil disturbance around sensor, to improve test accuracy, make the volume of test unit larger like this.
(2) test unit of existing band rainer, only consider the impact of rain infiltration Slope Stability, this and the impact of in_situ leaching fluid injection on slope stability are different, the weathering crust that ion type rareearth mine, south easily comes in every shape in efflorescence, Bao Ze number centimetre, thick then tens of rice, its Slope Failure form and slipping plane and homogeneous soil or bedrock landslide have obvious difference, under in_situ leaching fluid injection effect, distortion and failure law and homogeneous landslide o earth slope form and feature have comparatively significantly to be distinguished, so conventional test device does the impact test of in_situ leaching fluid injection on landslide can not reflect the rule that Rare-earth Mine comes down completely.Because ion type rareearth ore adopts fluid injection well, seepage effect is had between ore leachate, simultaneously due to the multifactorial impact of audient in orebody geology condition and the complicacy of hydrologic condition and the real process of exploitation, such as when the selection of fluid injection well spacing and fluid injection well depth, need to consider the peak period of the full water rate of ore body, leaching ore deposit cycle and ore body liquid.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide landslide, a kind of in-situ ionic rare earth leaching ore deposit pilot system, is landslide, the in-situ ionic rare earth leaching ore deposit test platform integrating leaching ore deposit fluid injection control section, displacement monitoring part, penetration testing part.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: landslide, a kind of in-situ ionic rare earth leaching ore deposit pilot system, comprise casing, be arranged in the leaching ore deposit fluid injection control section at casing top, be arranged at the displacement monitoring part in casing, penetration testing part, be arranged in the discharging device of bottom half;
Described casing four perisporium is transparent tempered glass, and box bottom is general steel plate, and bottom half corner is provided with supporting leg;
Described leaching ore deposit fluid injection control section comprises supply tank, and the bottom of supply tank is communicated with feed pipe, feed pipe is furnished with flowmeter and Water supply switch valve, and the sliding mass under feed pipe outlet is furnished with in_situ leaching liquid injection pipe;
Described displacement monitoring part comprises the slide bed be arranged in casing, and slide bed is furnished with sliding mass, and the box body wall before slope is provided with laser range finder, and the surface of sliding mass is provided with the optics measuring point corresponding with laser range finder; Casing face wall before slope, behind slope indicates altitude scale respectively, the casing face wall inferior horn before slope also indicates angle index; In the central authorities of bottom half, weight sensing instrument is installed;
Described penetration testing part comprises the drainage layer being arranged in bottom in casing, and drainage layer arranges slide bed, and the wall box before slope, behind slope is separately installed with water-level gauge, and the lower end of water-level gauge is communicated in the bottom of slide bed;
Described discharging device comprises the rising pipe being communicated in bottom half, and rising pipe is provided with effluent switch, and the outlet of rising pipe is arranged with header tank.
Described drainage layer comprises fitros, and fitros is covered with filter screen.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, the present invention is by manual control in_situ leaching reservoir quantity, the relation of seeing through coefficient and soil strength of rare earth ore body under different immersion liquid intensity is measured by penetration testing part, by displacement monitoring part monitoring In Situ Displacement of Slope, the distortion and fragmentation process on different reservoir quantity, different fluid injection landslide in period by leaching ore deposit fluid injection control section and displacement monitoring partial simulation in-situ ionic rare earth leaching ore deposit.
2, the surrounding panel of Landslide Model casing of the present invention adopts transparent tempered glass to make, and tempered glass front plate is connected by the angle bar frame of model casing, is conducive to observing, recording process of landslides.
3, the present invention is integrated with leaching ore deposit fluid injection control section, displacement monitoring part, penetration testing part, fluid injection situation when in_situ leaching fluid injection partial simulation in-situ ionic rare earth leaching ore deposit produces, penetration testing part and displacement monitoring part omnidistancely can obtain permeability parameters and the displacement on landslide.
4, automaticity of the present invention is high, can be used for carrying out the deformation failure test of Rare-earth Mine in_situ leaching landslide under multifactor effect, the advantage such as there is convenience, strong operability, can reappear, by the size regulating water inlet switch to regulate reservoir quantity, the different actual conditions of simulation Rare-earth Mine in_situ leaching, test the parameter that comes down under different fluid injection condition, reliable test figure is provided, realize macroscopic perspective to disclose evolutionary process and the failure mechanism that Rare-earth Mine in_situ leaching causes landslide, for the control of Rare-earth Mine in_situ leaching induced landslide provides theoretical foundation.
5, compact conformation of the present invention, use easy accessibility, sturdy and durable, simulated environment is true to nature, and obtained experimental data reliability is higher.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is structural representation of the present invention (cuts open and show).
In figure: 1. supply tank, 3. flowmeter, 4. Water supply switch valve, 5. feed pipe, 6. support, 7. casing, 8. laser range finder, 9. water-level gauge, 10. altitude scale, 11. angle indexs, 12. drainage layers, 14. sliding masses, 15. in_situ leaching liquid injection pipes, 16. slide beds, 17. optics measuring points, 18. rising pipes, 19. effluent switch, 20. header tanks, 21. weight sensing instruments, 22. supporting legs.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in the figure, the present invention is made up of casing, leaching ore deposit fluid injection control section, displacement monitoring part, penetration testing part, discharging device;
Described casing 7 four perisporium and bottom half good seal ne-leakage, casing 7 does framework with angle steel, four perisporiums make the observation being convenient to process of the test of transparent tempered glass, casing 7 base plate general steel plate makes, and with marine glue, four perisporiums and base plate being cemented encapsulation process, corner is provided with supporting leg 22;
Described leaching ore deposit fluid injection control section comprises the supply tank 1, flowmeter 3, Water supply switch valve 4, feed pipe 5, the in_situ leaching liquid injection pipe 15 that are arranged at casing 7 top.Supply tank 1 surrounding and base seal, do support with angle steel, and surrounding panel tempered glass makes, and is sealed by corner marine glue, and supply tank 1 is placed on the support 6 that welds together with casing angle steel; Connect feed pipe 5 bottom supply tank 1, it is connected with flowmeter 3 and 4 passes are opened in water supply, Water supply switch valve 4 controls the aquifer yield of feed pipe 5, can survey the size reading flow from flowmeter 3; Sliding mass in casing is provided with in_situ leaching liquid injection pipe 15, and in_situ leaching liquid injection pipe 15 plastic tube makes, its diameter 5 centimetres, length 10-20 centimetres, and leaching ore deposit fluid injection drips in in_situ leaching liquid injection pipe 15 from feed pipe 5 infiltrates in sliding mass 14 again;
Described displacement monitoring part comprises laser range finder 8, optics measuring point 17, altitude scale 10, angle index 11, weight sensing instrument 21, sliding mass 14, slide bed 16.Laser range finder 8 is arranged on the box body wall in sliding mass 14 front, optics measuring point 17 is arranged on the slope of sliding mass 14, optics measuring point 17 installs 3, one of them is arranged on the up-hill position of original place liquid injection pipe 15, two down-hill position being arranged on original place liquid injection pipe 15, three optics measuring points 17 are respectively 20 centimetres apart from the distance of original place liquid injection pipe 15, 20 centimetres, 60 centimetres, (its installation site is arranged according to test needs, its quantity according to Landslide Model size and can require setting, be no less than two), the slide downward displacement of sliding mass 14 can be recorded by laser range finder 8 and optics measuring point 17, distortion numerical value, altitude scale 10 and angle index 11 are engraved on the front tempered glass wall of casing 7, can survey the slope angle of reading sliding mass 14 and sliding mass 14 leading edge, the height of rear wall and length of grade, under weight sensing instrument 21 is arranged on the base plate of casing 7, the weight before and after the casing preloading material that can be used for weighing, unsettled supporting leg 22 when weighing, arrange slide bed 16 in casing 7, slide bed 16 is placed sliding mass 14, the soil property of slide bed 16 and sliding mass 14 and the gradient, length of grade, slope is high sets according to testing requirements,
Described penetration testing part comprises water-level gauge 9, drainage layer 12.The water-level gauge 9 be arranged at before and after sliding mass 14 makes of glass tube, bottom respectively connects a bit of rubber tube, casing 7 left and right sides wall bores a duck eye (being positioned at bottom slide bed), is placed on by rubber tube bottom this one deck of slide bed 16, rubber tube and sidewall junction marine glue seal; Drainage layer 12 is arranged on the bottommost in casing 7, drainage layer 12 is laid on slide bed 16, slide bed 16 and places sliding mass 14; Drainage layer 12 adopts fitros, puts one deck 35 mesh filter screen above, filtration;
Described discharging device comprises rising pipe 18, effluent switch 19 and header tank 20, a duck eye is bored in drainage layer 12 position of casing 7 sidewall, rising pipe 18 is connected on duck eye, sidewall duck eye and rising pipe 18 junction marine glue seal, rising pipe 18 is connected with effluent switch 19, header tank 20 is placed on below rising pipe 18.
Test with in_situ leaching fluid injection from supply tank 1 out, be instilled into in_situ leaching liquid injection pipe 15 through feed pipe 5, Water supply switch valve 4, then infiltrate sliding mass 14 and slide bed 16, under be seeped into filtering layer 12, by filtering layer 12, rising pipe 18, effluent switch 19, finally flow to header tank 20.According to the sampling of different immersion liquid time (10 hours, 1 day, 7 days, 14 days, 30 days), soil strength test is done to the landslide soil body, the infiltration coefficient according to the following formulae discovery soil body:
In formula: K is infiltration coefficient; ρ is immersion liquid density; G is acceleration of gravity; μ is the hydrodynamic coefficient of viscosity; K is permeability.
When carrying out the landslide test of in-situ ionic rare earth leaching ore deposit, first select sliding mass ground earth material according to testing requirements, simulated landslide, the Rare-earth Mine landslide gradient is pressed in casing, length of grade, high and the landslide slope shape preloading ground earth material in slope, for simulating slide bed, by similarity requirement preloading sliding mass on slide bed, sliding mass installs liquid injection pipe, the weight of weighing before and after casing preloading material, optics measuring point is installed on domatic, carry out the record of supply tank initial water level, water in emptying header tank, open Water supply switch valve, fluid injection flow is set by different fluid injection working condition requirement, In Situ Displacement of Slope size is tested period by different fluid injection in process of the test, the numerical value of water-level gauge, the soil body after fluid injection is sampled to the soil sample of testing as indoor soil strength.
In a word, the present invention is integrated with ore leachate fluid injection control section, displacement monitoring part, penetration testing part, by the size regulating water inlet switch to regulate reservoir quantity, the different actual conditions of simulation Rare-earth Mine in_situ leaching, the landslide parameter of test under different fluid injection condition, compact conformation of the present invention, use easy accessibility, sturdy and durable, simulated environment is true to nature, obtained experimental data reliability is higher, gather multi-function in integral whole, the validity of ion-type in_situ leaching stope preventing land slide can be strengthened, specific aim, eliminate the potential safety hazard of ion-type in_situ leaching stope landslide to people's lives and properties, good society can be produced, energy economy & environment benefit, be worthy of popularization.
Other content be not described in detail is the known prior art of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (2)
1. landslide, an in-situ ionic rare earth leaching ore deposit pilot system, is characterized in that: comprise casing, is arranged in the leaching ore deposit fluid injection control section at casing top, is arranged at the displacement monitoring part in casing, penetration testing part, is arranged in the discharging device of bottom half;
Described casing four perisporium is transparent tempered glass, and box bottom is general steel plate, and bottom half corner is provided with supporting leg;
Described leaching ore deposit fluid injection control section comprises supply tank, and the bottom of supply tank is communicated with feed pipe, feed pipe is furnished with flowmeter and Water supply switch valve, and the sliding mass under feed pipe outlet is furnished with in_situ leaching liquid injection pipe;
Described displacement monitoring part comprises the slide bed be arranged in casing, and slide bed is furnished with sliding mass, and the box body wall before slope is provided with laser range finder, and the surface of sliding mass is provided with the optics measuring point corresponding with laser range finder; Casing face wall before slope, behind slope indicates altitude scale respectively, the casing face wall inferior horn before slope also indicates angle index; In the central authorities of bottom half, weight sensing instrument is installed;
Described penetration testing part comprises the drainage layer being arranged in bottom in casing, and drainage layer arranges slide bed, and the wall box before slope, behind slope is separately installed with water-level gauge, and the lower end of water-level gauge is communicated in the bottom of slide bed;
Described discharging device comprises the rising pipe being communicated in bottom half, and rising pipe is provided with effluent switch, and the outlet of rising pipe is arranged with header tank.
2. landslide, a kind of in-situ ionic rare earth leaching ore deposit according to claim 1 pilot system, is characterized in that: described drainage layer comprises fitros, and fitros is covered with filter screen.
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| CN105506276B (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2017-06-30 | 江西理工大学 | Naked pin formula rare earth ore in-situ night sweats and adopts seepage simulation test method and device |
| CN105842419B (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2018-03-13 | 东北大学 | A kind of side slope model production method for reducing real structure and material property |
| CN110456025A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-15 | 河海大学 | The test device and test method of soil body olistostrome degree are mixed under a kind of hydrodynamism |
| CN112964611B (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2024-04-05 | 攀枝花学院 | Real-time monitoring method for ion type rare earth heap leaching seepage efficiency |
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| CN102331489B (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2014-04-02 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | System for testing physical model for large-scale landslides under action of multiple factors |
| CN103205566B (en) * | 2013-04-14 | 2014-06-11 | 江西理工大学 | In-situ leaching seepage test system |
| CN203561633U (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-04-23 | 三峡大学 | Three-dimensional artificial rainfall reservoir type physical slide model test equipment |
| CN104091414A (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2014-10-08 | 绵阳彬华科技有限公司 | Landslide real-time monitoring device |
| CN204479574U (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-07-15 | 江西理工大学 | Landslide, in-situ ionic rare earth leaching ore deposit pilot system |
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