CN104746001B - Surface treatment method for boriding workpiece - Google Patents
Surface treatment method for boriding workpiece Download PDFInfo
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- CN104746001B CN104746001B CN201510131224.0A CN201510131224A CN104746001B CN 104746001 B CN104746001 B CN 104746001B CN 201510131224 A CN201510131224 A CN 201510131224A CN 104746001 B CN104746001 B CN 104746001B
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- boronising
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910003243 Na2SiO3·9H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlormequat chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCl UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 72
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 35
- 238000005271 boronizing Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 229910020261 KBF4 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 7
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000954 Medium-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 5
- VEUACKUBDLVUAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[Ca] Chemical compound [Na].[Ca] VEUACKUBDLVUAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940084030 carboxymethylcellulose calcium Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940105329 carboxymethylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003961 penetration enhancing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/60—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C8/62—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes only one element being applied
- C23C8/68—Boronising
- C23C8/70—Boronising of ferrous surfaces
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a surface treatment method for boriding a workpiece. The method comprises the following steps: preparing boronizing powder, preparing boronizing paste, coating the boronizing paste, preparing protective paste, coating the protective paste and carrying out boronizing treatment; wherein the boronizing powder is prepared by mixing 5-7% or 9-20% of B by mass4C powder, and KBF4Mixing the powder, carbon powder and SiC powder to obtain boronized powder; wherein the boriding paste is prepared by mixing the following components by massMixing a sodium carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution with the quantity of 2% with the boriding powder according to the mass ratio of 1:5 to prepare the boriding paste. The method has the advantages that compared with a powder boronizing method, the method is simple to operate, can realize local boronizing, and is high in boronizing efficiency and thick in boronizing layer; the boronizing reaction can be carried out under the standard atmospheric pressure without protective gas, boxing sealing and the like, and the protective layer has good fluidity and sealing property, less boron consumption, low cost and easy cleaning.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of surface treatment method, and in particular to a kind of surface treatment method that boronising is carried out to workpiece.
Background technology
Boronising make steel surface have hardness and wearability very high, corrosion resistance, inoxidizability and red hardness also than
Preceding technique has and is remarkably reinforced, and the requirement of service condition higher is disclosure satisfy that compared with conventional nitriding, carburizing.
Boride layer is main by Fe2B, FeB two-phase are constituted, and can be divided into Fe2The single-phase boride layers of B, FeB-Fe2B two-phase boride layers.
Single-phase boride layer is low compared with two-phase boride layer hardness, and wearability is slightly worse；Two-phase boride layer hardness is higher, and wearability is preferable, but FeB phases
It is more crisp, while Fe2The physical property of B, FeB differs greatly so that junction is also easy to produce crackle.The method operation of existing boronising
Complexity, it is higher to environmental requirement, increased the difficulty that these methods are applied in the industrial production.
The content of the invention
The present invention provide workpiece is carried out boronising surface treatment method have can be realized in normal atmospheric environment with
And the controllable advantage of list two-phase infiltration layer.
The present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of surface treatment method that boronising is carried out to workpiece, including：
（1）The preparation of boronising powder：According to mass fraction, by the B of 5-7%4The KBF of C powder, 3-5%4The carbon of powder, 5-8%
Powder, the SiC powder of 70-85% are mixed into boronising powder；
（2）The preparation of boronising lotion：By the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution of mass fraction 2% and boronising powder according to matter
Amount compares 1:5 are mixed and made into boronising lotion；
（3）The coating of boronising lotion：Boronising lotion is coated to the surface of pending workpiece, the is dried at the first temperature
One Preset Time；
（4）Protect the preparation of lotion：According to mass fraction, by 90% Na2SiO39H2O and 10% boric acid are mixed and heated
It is protection cream premixed liquid；According to mass ratio, by silica flour and clay with 1:6 are mixed into protection cream pre-mix powder；Cream will be protected pre-
Mixed liquid is with protection cream pre-mix powder with mass ratio 1:2 are mixed and stirred for being protection lotion；
（5）Protect the coating of lotion：The outer surface for protecting lotion to coat the carburizing lotion to outside pending workpiece is made into guarantor
Shield lotion is completely covered to carburizing lotion；
（6）Bononizing pretreatment：During the pending workpiece of protection lotion and carburizing lotion will be coated as heater, the
The second Preset Time is dried at a temperature of two, the 3rd Preset Time is incubated at a temperature of the 3rd；
Wherein, the first temperature and second temperature are respectively less than the 3rd temperature, and the first Preset Time is less than the second Preset Time, the
Two Preset Times are less than the 3rd Preset Time.
Foregoing to carry out the surface treatment method of boronising to workpiece, the first temperature is less than or equal to 250 DEG C, first it is default when
Between more than or equal to 5 minutes be less than or equal to 10 minutes.
Foregoing to carry out the surface treatment method of boronising to workpiece, second temperature is less than or equal to 350 DEG C, first it is default when
Between more than or equal to 15 minutes be less than or equal to 30 minutes.
It is foregoing to carry out the surface treatment method of boronising to workpiece, the 3rd 850-950 DEG C of temperature span, the 3rd is pre-
If time span is 3-6 hours.
It is foregoing to carry out the surface treatment method of boronising to workpiece, at least step（6）Bononizing pretreatment 0.5 ~ 1.5 ×
Completed under 105Pa air pressure environment.
Another kind carries out the surface treatment method of boronising to workpiece, including：
（1）The preparation of boronising powder：According to mass fraction, by the B of 9-20%4The KBF of C powder, 5-20%4Powder, 5-10%
Carbon dust, the SiC powder of 50-70% be mixed into boronising powder；
（2）The preparation of boronising lotion：By the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution of mass fraction 2% and boronising powder according to matter
Amount compares 1:5 are mixed and made into boronising lotion；
（3）The coating of boronising lotion：Boronising lotion is coated to the surface of pending workpiece, the is dried at the first temperature
One Preset Time；
（4）Protect the preparation of lotion：According to mass fraction, by 90% Na2SiO39H2O and 10% boric acid are mixed and heated
It is protection cream premixed liquid；According to mass ratio, by silica flour and clay with 1:6 are mixed into protection cream pre-mix powder；Cream will be protected pre-
Mixed liquid is with protection cream pre-mix powder with mass ratio 1:2 are mixed and stirred for being protection lotion；
（5）Protect the coating of lotion：The outer surface for protecting lotion to coat the carburizing lotion to outside pending workpiece is made into guarantor
Shield lotion is completely covered to carburizing lotion；
（6）Bononizing pretreatment：During the pending workpiece of protection lotion and carburizing lotion will be coated as heater, the
The second Preset Time is dried at a temperature of two, the 3rd Preset Time is incubated at a temperature of the 3rd；
Wherein, the first temperature and second temperature are respectively less than the 3rd temperature, and the first Preset Time is less than the second Preset Time, the
Two Preset Times are less than the 3rd Preset Time.
Foregoing to carry out the surface treatment method of boronising to workpiece, the first temperature is less than or equal to 250 DEG C, first it is default when
Between more than or equal to 10 minutes be less than or equal to 20 minutes.
Foregoing to carry out the surface treatment method of boronising to workpiece, the first temperature is less than or equal to 250 DEG C, first it is default when
Between more than or equal to 5 minutes be less than or equal to 10 minutes.
Foregoing to carry out the surface treatment method of boronising to workpiece, second temperature is less than or equal to 350 DEG C, first it is default when
Between more than or equal to 15 minutes be less than or equal to 30 minutes.
It is foregoing to carry out the surface treatment method of boronising to workpiece, at least step（6）Bononizing pretreatment 0.5 ~ 1.5 ×
Completed under 105Pa air pressure environment.
The present invention is advantageous in that：
1）In the workpiece boronising to mild steel material, with respectively obtaining Fe2The single-phase boride layers of B, FeB-Fe2B two-phases
The controllability of boride layer.
2）It is simple to operate compared with powder boriding method, it is capable of achieving part boronising, boronising efficiency high, boronising thickness；
3）Boronising reaction can be carried out at normal atmospheric pressure, without protective gas, vanning sealing etc., protect laminar flow
Property, good airproof performance, the few low cost of boron consumption, cleaning is easy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the Fe obtained by the embodiment of the present invention 12The single-phase boride layer microscopic structure pictures of B.
Fig. 2 is the Fe obtained by the embodiment of the present invention 22The single-phase boride layer microscopic structure pictures of B.
Fig. 3 is the FeB-Fe obtained by the embodiment of the present invention 32B two-phase boride layer microscopic structure pictures.
Fig. 4 is the Fe obtained by the embodiment of the present invention 42The single-phase boride layer microscopic structure pictures of B.
Fig. 5 is the FeB-Fe obtained by the embodiment of the present invention 52B two-phase boride layer microscopic structure pictures.
Fig. 6 is the FeB-Fe obtained by the embodiment of the present invention 62B two-phase boride layer microscopic structure pictures.
Specific embodiment
It is of the invention that the surface treatment method that workpiece carries out boronising is mainly comprised the following steps：The preparation of boronising powder,
The preparation of boronising lotion, the coating of boronising lotion, the preparation of protection lotion, coating, the Bononizing pretreatment of protection lotion.
Wherein, can be using the different side of the following two kinds the need for the boride layer prepared according to required for of boronising powder
Case.
If necessary to Fe2The single-phase boride layers of B, then according to mass fraction, by the B of 5-7%4The KBF of C powder, 3-5%4Powder,
The carbon dust of 5-8%, the SiC powder of 70-85% are mixed into boronising powder.
If necessary to FeB-Fe2B two-phase boride layers, then according to mass fraction, by the B of 9-20%4The KBF of C powder, 5-20%4
Powder, the carbon dust of 5-10%, the SiC powder of 50-70% are mixed into boronising powder.
The applicable workpiece being made up of medium carbon steel of the present invention, more specifically for, it is suitable to the trade mark for 40Cr（Composition is shown in Table
1）The workpiece that is made of steel.
The chemical composition of the 40Cr steel of table 1（Quality %）
| C | Si | Mn | Cr | Ni | Mo | Cu | P | S |
| 0.43 | 0.20 | 0.63 | 0.93 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.0112 | 0.011 |
When Bononizing pretreatment is carried out to workpiece, in order to obtain good boronising effect, it is necessary to remove the rusty stain of workpiece surface
And greasy dirt, using sand papering, and with alcohol washes, drying after it is stand-by.
In actual treatment, the working environment of workpiece can be analyzed, the load such as born is larger, then need to avoid fragility,
From Fe2The single-phase boride layers of B；High wearability is such as needed, then needs that there is hardness higher, from FeB-Fe2B two-phase boronisings
Layer.Boronising powder needed for being weighed according to specific ratio, is modulated into paste, is coated in and treats boronising workpiece surface, and thickness is 5-
10mm, is placed in SX2-4-10 types chamber type electric resistance furnace and is dried at 150-250 DEG C 5-10 minutes.The preparation of completion boronising powder,
The step of preparation, coating of boronising lotion of boronising lotion.Wherein, carbon dust can use activated carbon powder.
Next, protect the preparation of lotion and the coating of protection lotion：Mass fraction is weighed for 90%Na2SiO3·
9H2After O and the mixing of 10% boric acid, it is placed in HHS1 type electric-heated thermostatic water baths and is heated to 80 DEG C of insulations and is melted into liquid in 5 minutes.
By silica flour that purity is 95% with clay with mass ratio 1:6 mixing.By aforesaid liquid and mixed-powder according to mass ratio 1:2
Ratio mixes, and uses mixer（200 revs/min）Stirring is modulated into paste protective layer by boronizing paste and workpiece in 2 minutes into paste
Overall parcel.
Subsequently carry out Bononizing pretreatment：Coated workpiece is placed in SX2-4-10 type chamber type electric resistance furnaces, in 250-350
Dried at DEG C 15-30 minutes.SX2-4-10 type chamber type electric resistance furnaces are warming up to 850-950 DEG C again, after being incubated 3-6 hours, are taken out
Air cooling.
Then, protective layer is broken into pieces, takes out workpiece, surface is cleaned with cotton yarn.
Specific embodiment is exemplified below to be specifically described：
Embodiment 1：Boronising is carried out to 40Cr, Fe is obtained2The single-phase boride layers of B.Boron-containing compound chooses B4C, fluoride is chosen
KBF4, dispersant selection activated carbon, filler is SiC.Specific implementation step is as follows：
Step 1,40Cr matrix surfaces are carried out to ooze pre-treatment, specifically included：Matrix surface deoils and derusts, and uses sand papering
It is smooth, it is stand-by with being dried after alcohol washes；
Step 2, it is to obtain single-phase boride layer, is 5%B according to mass fraction4C、5%KBF4, 5% activated carbon, 85%SiC match somebody with somebody
Grind uniform than weighing appropriate powder, after mixing, granularity is all higher than 200 mesh.Configuration quality fraction is 2% carboxymethylcellulose calcium
Sodium water solution, with penetrant powder with mass ratio 1:5 mixing, use mixer（200 revs/min）Stir 2 minutes into paste, coating paste
Agent thickness is 10mm, is placed in SX2-4-10 molding box formula heating device of electric resistance furnace and rises to 250 DEG C of dryings 10 minutes；
Step 3, mass fraction is weighed for 90%Na2SiO3·9H2O, the mixing of 10% boric acid, are placed in HHS1 type electric heating constant temperature water
80 DEG C of insulations are heated in bath and are melted into liquid within 5 minutes.By silica flour that purity is 95% with clay with mass ratio 1:6 mixing.
Step 4, by aforesaid liquid and mixed-powder according to mass ratio 1:2 mixing, use mixer（200 revs/min）Stirring 2
Minute is modulated into paste protective layer, boronizing paste is integrally wrapped up with workpiece, height 10mm.It is placed in chamber type electric resistance furnace 250
Dried 20 minutes at DEG C；
Step 5, chamber type electric resistance furnace is warming up to 880 DEG C, after insulation 4h, takes out air cooling.
Step 6, protective layer is broken into pieces, take out matrix, surface is cleaned with cotton yarn.
After being corroded using 4% nital, situations such as detecting borided layer depth, constitute.Experiment proves that, by quality
Fraction is 5%B4C、5%KBF4, 5% activated carbon, 85%SiC proportioning make paste can obtain Fe2The single-phase boride layers of B, its micro- group
Knit as shown in figure 1, not producing obvious dual phase region, THE STRUCTURES OF BORONISING is fine and close, open defect does not occur, and borided layer depth is 64.5
μm, peak value of hardness is 1510HV.
Embodiment 2：Boronising is carried out to 40Cr, to obtain Fe2The single-phase boride layers of B, specific implementation step is as follows：
Step 1,40Cr matrix surfaces are carried out to ooze pre-treatment, specifically included：Matrix surface deoils and derusts, and uses sand papering
It is smooth, it is stand-by with being dried after alcohol washes；
Step 2, it is to obtain single-phase boride layer, is 7%B according to mass fraction4C、5%KBF4, 5% activated carbon, 83%SiC match somebody with somebody
Grind uniform than weighing appropriate powder, after mixing, granularity is all higher than 200 mesh.Configuration quality fraction is 2% carboxymethylcellulose calcium
Sodium water solution, with penetrant powder with mass ratio 1:5 mixing, use mixer（200 revs/min）Stir 2 minutes into paste, coating paste
Agent thickness is 10mm, is placed in SX2-4-10 molding box formula heating device of electric resistance furnace and rises to 250 DEG C of dryings 10 minutes；
Step 3, mass fraction is weighed for 90%Na2SiO3·9H2O, the mixing of 10% boric acid, are placed in HHS1 type electric heating constant temperature water
80 DEG C of insulations are heated in bath and are melted into liquid within 5 minutes.By silica flour that purity is 95% with clay with mass ratio 1:6 mixing.
Step 4, by aforesaid liquid and mixed-powder according to mass ratio 1:2 mixing, use mixer（200 revs/min）Stirring 2
Minute is modulated into paste protective layer, boronizing paste is integrally wrapped up with workpiece, height 10mm.It is placed in chamber type electric resistance furnace 250
Dried 20 minutes at DEG C；
Step 5, chamber type electric resistance furnace is warming up to 880 DEG C, after insulation 4h, takes out air cooling.
Step 6, protective layer is broken into pieces, take out matrix, surface is cleaned with cotton yarn.
After being corroded using nital, situations such as detecting borided layer depth, constitute.Experiment proves that, by 7%B4C、
5%KBF4, 5% activated carbon, 83%SiC proportioning make paste can also obtain Fe2The single-phase boride layers of B, its microscopic structure such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show, do not produce obvious dual phase region, THE STRUCTURES OF BORONISING is fine and close, open defect do not occur, borided layer depth is 85.5 μm, hardness peak
It is 1620HV to be worth.Increase compared with the borided layer depth in embodiment 1, peak value of hardness increases.
Embodiment 3：Boronising is carried out to 40Cr, to verify during the boron supplying agent more than 7%, if obtain Fe2The single-phase boride layers of B,
Specific implementation step is as follows：
Step 1,40Cr matrix surfaces are carried out to ooze pre-treatment, specifically included：Matrix surface deoils and derusts, and uses sand papering
It is smooth, it is stand-by with being dried after alcohol washes；
Step 2, it is to obtain single-phase boride layer, is 9%B according to mass fraction4C、5%KBF4, 5% activated carbon, 81%SiC match somebody with somebody
Grind uniform than weighing appropriate powder, after mixing, granularity is all higher than 200 mesh.Configuration quality fraction is 2% carboxymethylcellulose calcium
Sodium water solution, with penetrant powder with mass ratio 1:5 mixing, use mixer（200 revs/min）Stir 2 minutes into paste, coating paste
Agent thickness is 10mm, is placed in SX2-4-10 molding box formula heating device of electric resistance furnace and rises to 250 DEG C of dryings 10 minutes；
Step 3, mass fraction is weighed for 90%Na2SiO3·9H2O, the mixing of 10% boric acid, are placed in HHS1 type electric heating constant temperature water
80 DEG C of insulations are heated in bath and are melted into liquid within 5 minutes.By silica flour and clay that purity is 95%（Main component：SiO2For
43-55%, Fe2O3It is 1-3.5%, Al2O3It is 20-25%, TiO2It is 0.8-1.2% and micro K2O、Na2O, CaO etc.）With quality
Than 1:6 mixing.
Step 4, by aforesaid liquid and mixed-powder according to mass ratio 1:2 mixing, use mixer（200 revs/min）Stirring 2
Minute is modulated into paste protective layer, boronizing paste is integrally wrapped up with workpiece, height 10mm.It is placed in chamber type electric resistance furnace 250
Dried 20 minutes at DEG C；
Step 5, chamber type electric resistance furnace is warming up to 880 DEG C, after insulation 4h, takes out air cooling.
Step 6, protective layer is broken into pieces, take out matrix, surface is cleaned with cotton yarn.
After being corroded using nital, situations such as detecting borided layer depth, constitute.Experiment proves that, by 9%B4C、
5%KBF4, 5% activated carbon, 81%SiC proportioning make paste obtain FeB-Fe2B two-phase boride layers, its microscopic structure such as Fig. 3 institutes
Show, enter at surface and produce substantially dark tooth peak, be FeB alpha regions, be distributed scattered, THE STRUCTURES OF BORONISING densification, do not occur substantially lacking
Fall into, borided layer depth is 106 μm, and peak value of hardness is 1790HV.It can be seen that working as B4C content can produce obvious FeB when increasing to 9%
Phase.In order to obtain Fe2The single-phase boride layers of B, it is to avoid the trend of generation FeB, should be using the B of 5%-7%4C is advisable.
Embodiment 4：Boronising is carried out to 40Cr, to obtain Fe when checking is less than 5%2Whether the single-phase boride layers of B have uses valency
Value, specific implementation step is as follows：
Step 1,40Cr matrix surfaces are carried out to ooze pre-treatment, specifically included：Matrix surface deoils and derusts, and uses sand papering
It is smooth, it is stand-by with being dried after alcohol washes；
Step 2, it is to obtain single-phase boride layer, is 3%B according to mass fraction4C、5%KBF4, 5% activated carbon, 87%SiC match somebody with somebody
Grind uniform than weighing appropriate powder, after mixing, granularity is all higher than 200 mesh.Configuration quality fraction is 2% carboxymethylcellulose calcium
Sodium water solution, with penetrant powder with mass ratio 1:5 mixing, use mixer（200 revs/min）Stir 2 minutes into paste, coating paste
Agent thickness is 10mm, is placed in SX2-4-10 molding box formula heating device of electric resistance furnace and rises to 250 DEG C of dryings 10 minutes；
Step 3, mass fraction is weighed for 90%Na2SiO3·9H2O, the mixing of 10% boric acid, are placed in HHS1 type electric heating constant temperature water
80 DEG C of insulations are heated in bath and are melted into liquid within 5 minutes.By silica flour that purity is 95% with clay with mass ratio 1:6 mixing.
Step 4, by aforesaid liquid and mixed-powder according to mass ratio 1:2 mixing, use mixer（200 revs/min）Stirring 2
Minute is modulated into paste protective layer, boronizing paste is integrally wrapped up with workpiece, height 10mm.It is placed in chamber type electric resistance furnace 250
Dried 20 minutes at DEG C；
Step 5, chamber type electric resistance furnace is warming up to 880 DEG C, after insulation 4h, takes out air cooling.
Step 6, protective layer is broken into pieces, take out matrix, surface is cleaned with cotton yarn.
After being corroded using nital, situations such as detecting borided layer depth, constitute.Experiment proves that, by 3%B4C、
5%KBF4, 5% activated carbon, 87%SiC proportioning make paste can obtain Fe2The single-phase boride layers of B, its microscopic structure as shown in figure 4,
Less than 30 μm, relatively thin and out-of-flatness, local location has infiltration layer vacancy to borided layer depth, easy to wear in use to make to matrix
Obtain infiltration layer integrally to peel off, do not meet the use standard of single-phase boride layer, peak value of hardness is 1120HV.
With medium carbon steel 40Cr as matrix, to obtain Fe2The single-phase boride layer paste compositions of B：The B of 5-7%4The KBF of C, 3-5%4,
5-8% dispersant activated carbons, 70-85% fillers SiC.
The paste boron-doping method boronising provided according to this patent has the characteristics that：1st, THE STRUCTURES OF BORONISING is fine and close：Can be significantly
Improve the wearability of medium carbon steel.2nd, boride layer composition is mutually controllable：Fe can be obtained2B single-phase boride layers, it is to avoid two-phase boride layer
Produce.3rd, boriding rate is fast：It is available more than 100 μm boride layer that 40Cr is incubated 4h at 880 DEG C, fast compared with powder method speed.
4th, easy cleaning：Penetration enhancer is graininess after reaction, non-caked, is easy to the cleaning of workpiece.
Embodiment 5：Boronising is carried out to 40Cr, whether obtain FeB-Fe when boron supplying agent is 20% to verify2B two-phase boride layers,
Specific implementation step is as follows：
Step 1,40Cr matrix surfaces are carried out to ooze pre-treatment, specifically included：Matrix surface deoils and derusts, and uses sand papering
It is smooth, it is stand-by with being dried after alcohol washes；
Step 2, it is to obtain single-phase boride layer, is 20%B according to mass fraction4C、20%KBF4, 10% activated carbon, 50%SiC
Proportioning weighs appropriate powder, grinds uniform after mixing, and granularity is all higher than 200 mesh.Configuration quality fraction is 2% carboxymethyl cellulose
Plain sodium water solution, with penetrant powder with mass ratio 1:5 mixing, use mixer（200 revs/min）Stirring is coated for 2 minutes into paste
Paste thickness is 10mm, is placed in SX2-4-10 molding box formula heating device of electric resistance furnace and rises to 250 DEG C of dryings 10 minutes；
Step 3, mass fraction is weighed for 90%Na2SiO3·9H2O, the mixing of 10% boric acid, are placed in HHS1 type electric heating constant temperature water
80 DEG C of insulations are heated in bath and are melted into liquid within 5 minutes.By silica flour that purity is 95% with clay with mass ratio 1:6 mixing.
Step 4, by aforesaid liquid and mixed-powder according to mass ratio 1:2 mixing, use mixer（200 revs/min）Stirring 2
Minute is modulated into paste protective layer, boronizing paste is integrally wrapped up with workpiece, height 10mm.It is placed in chamber type electric resistance furnace 250
Dried 20 minutes at DEG C；
Step 5, chamber type electric resistance furnace is warming up to 880 DEG C, after insulation 4h, takes out air cooling.
Step 6, protective layer is broken into pieces, take out matrix, surface is cleaned with cotton yarn.
After being corroded using nital, situations such as detecting borided layer depth, constitute.Experiment proves that, by 20%
B4C、20%KBF4, 10% activated carbon, 55%SiC proportioning make paste can obtain two-phase boride layer, its microscopic structure such as Fig. 5 institutes
Show, the maximum hardness of boron supplying agent is 1907HV, and borided layer depth is 134.1 μm, and diffusion layer organization is good, and dual phase region is obvious.
Embodiment 6：Boronising is carried out to 40Cr, to obtain FeB-Fe when checking is higher than 25%2Whether B two-phases borided layer depth
There is the space of lifting, specific implementation step is as follows：
Step 1,40Cr matrix surfaces are carried out to ooze pre-treatment, specifically included：Matrix surface deoils and derusts, and uses sand papering
It is smooth, it is stand-by with being dried after alcohol washes；
Step 2, it is to obtain single-phase boride layer, is 25%B according to mass fraction4C、20%KBF4, 10% activated carbon, 45%SiC
Proportioning weighs appropriate powder, grinds uniform after mixing, and granularity is all higher than 200 mesh.Configuration quality fraction is 2% carboxymethyl cellulose
Plain sodium water solution, with penetrant powder with mass ratio 1:5 mixing, use mixer（200 revs/min）Stirring is coated for 2 minutes into paste
Paste thickness is 10mm, is placed in SX2-4-10 molding box formula heating device of electric resistance furnace and rises to 250 DEG C of dryings 10 minutes；
Step 3, mass fraction is weighed for 90%Na2SiO3·9H2O, the mixing of 10% boric acid, are placed in HHS1 type electric heating constant temperature water
80 DEG C of insulations are heated in bath and are melted into liquid within 5 minutes.By silica flour that purity is 95% with clay with mass ratio 1:6 mixing.
Step 4, by aforesaid liquid and mixed-powder according to mass ratio 1:2 mixing, use mixer（200 revs/min）Stirring 2
Minute is modulated into paste protective layer, boronizing paste is integrally wrapped up with workpiece, height 10mm.It is placed in chamber type electric resistance furnace 250
Dried 20 minutes at DEG C；
Step 5, chamber type electric resistance furnace is warming up to 880 DEG C, after insulation 4h, takes out air cooling.
Step 6, protective layer is broken into pieces, take out matrix, surface is cleaned with cotton yarn.
After being corroded using nital, situations such as detecting borided layer depth, constitute.Experiment proves that, by 25%
B4C、20%KBF4, 10% activated carbon, 45%SiC proportioning make paste can obtain two-phase boride layer, its microscopic structure such as Fig. 6 institutes
Show, maximum hardness is 2331HV, borided layer depth is 140.1 μm, and diffusion layer organization is good, and dual phase region is obvious.
Comparative example 5,6 it can be found that the borided layer depth of embodiment 6 compared with embodiment 5 increase not substantially, cost improve compared with
It is many, therefore it is unfavorable for production application.Therefore to obtain FeB-Fe2B two-phase boride layers, weigh mass fraction proportioning for 9-20% supplies boron
Source B4C, 5-20% activating agent KBF4, 5-10% dispersants activated carbon, 50-70% fillers SiC（200 mesh）For most preferably scheme.
With medium carbon steel 40Cr as matrix, to obtain Fe2The single-phase boride layer paste composition mass fraction proportionings of B are 5-7%'s
B4The KBF of C, 3-5%4, 5-8% dispersant activated carbons, 70-85% fillers SiC；To obtain FeB-Fe2B two-phase boride layers, weigh
Mass fraction proportioning is 9-20% boron sources B4C, 5-20% activating agent KBF4, 5-10% dispersants activated carbon, 50-70% fillers SiC
（200 mesh）.
The paste boron-doping method boronising provided according to this patent has the characteristics that：1st, THE STRUCTURES OF BORONISING is fine and close：Can be significantly
Improve the wearability of medium carbon steel.2nd, boride layer composition is mutually controllable, and suitable boride layer is selected according to industrial requirement：Fe can be obtained2B
Single-phase boride layer, FeB-Fe2B two-phase boride layers.3rd, boriding rate is fast：It is available more than 100 μm that 40Cr is incubated 4h at 880 DEG C
Boride layer, it is fast compared with powder method speed.4th, easy cleaning：Penetration enhancer is graininess after reaction, non-caked, is easy to the cleaning of workpiece.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of surface treatment method that boronising is carried out to workpiece, it is characterised in that including：
（1）The preparation of boronising powder：According to mass fraction, by the B of 5-7%4The KBF of C powder, 3-5%4Powder, the carbon dust of 5-8%,
The SiC powder of 70-85% is mixed into boronising powder；
（2）The preparation of boronising lotion：By the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution of mass fraction 2% with the boronising powder according to matter
Amount compares 1:5 are mixed and made into the boronising lotion；
（3）The coating of boronising lotion：Boronising lotion is coated to the surface of pending workpiece, first is dried at the first temperature pre-
If the time, first temperature is less than or equal to 250 DEG C, and first Preset Time was less than or equal to 10 minutes more than or equal to 5 minutes；
（4）Protect the preparation of lotion：According to mass fraction, by 90% Na2SiO3·9H2O and 10% boric acid are mixed and heated to protect
Shield cream premixed liquid；According to mass ratio, by silica flour and clay with 1:6 are mixed into protection cream pre-mix powder；The protection cream is pre-
Mixed liquid is with the protection cream pre-mix powder with mass ratio 1:2 are mixed and stirred for being protection lotion；
（5）Protect the coating of lotion：The outer surface that the protection lotion coats the carburizing lotion to outside pending workpiece is made into institute
Protection lotion is stated the carburizing lotion is completely covered；
（6）Bononizing pretreatment：During the pending workpiece of the good protection lotion and the carburizing lotion will be coated as heater,
The second Preset Time is dried at the second temperature, and the 3rd Preset Time is incubated at a temperature of the 3rd；
Wherein, first temperature and the second temperature are respectively less than the 3rd temperature, and first Preset Time is less than described the
Two Preset Times, second Preset Time is less than the 3rd Preset Time.
2. the surface treatment method that boronising is carried out to workpiece according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the second temperature
Less than or equal to 350 DEG C, first Preset Time was less than or equal to 30 minutes more than or equal to 15 minutes.
3. the surface treatment method that boronising is carried out to workpiece according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the 3rd temperature
850-950 DEG C of span, the 3rd Preset Time span is 3-6 hours.
4. the surface treatment method that boronising is carried out to workpiece according to claim 1, it is characterised in that at least described boronising
Treatment is 0.5 ~ 1.5 × 105Completed under Pa air pressure environment.
5. a kind of surface treatment method that boronising is carried out to workpiece, it is characterised in that including：
（1）The preparation of boronising powder：According to mass fraction, by the B of 9-20%4The KBF of C powder, 5-20%4The carbon of powder, 5-10%
Powder, the SiC powder of 50-70% are mixed into boronising powder；
（2）The preparation of boronising lotion：By the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution of mass fraction 2% with the boronising powder according to matter
Amount compares 1:5 are mixed and made into the boronising lotion；
（3）The coating of boronising lotion：Boronising lotion is coated to the surface of pending workpiece, first is dried at the first temperature pre-
If the time, first temperature is less than or equal to 250 DEG C, and first Preset Time was less than or equal to 10 minutes more than or equal to 5 minutes；
（4）Protect the preparation of lotion：According to mass fraction, by 90% Na2SiO3·9H2O and 10% boric acid are mixed and heated to protect
Shield cream premixed liquid；According to mass ratio, by silica flour and clay with 1:6 are mixed into protection cream pre-mix powder；The protection cream is pre-
Mixed liquid is with the protection cream pre-mix powder with mass ratio 1:2 are mixed and stirred for being protection lotion；
（5）Protect the coating of lotion：The outer surface that the protection lotion coats the carburizing lotion to outside pending workpiece is made into institute
Protection lotion is stated the carburizing lotion is completely covered；
（6）Bononizing pretreatment：During the pending workpiece of the good protection lotion and the carburizing lotion will be coated as heater,
The second Preset Time is dried at the second temperature, and the 3rd Preset Time is incubated at a temperature of the 3rd；
Wherein, first temperature and the second temperature are respectively less than the 3rd temperature, and first Preset Time is less than described the
Two Preset Times, second Preset Time is less than the 3rd Preset Time.
6. the surface treatment method that boronising is carried out to workpiece according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the second temperature
Less than or equal to 350 DEG C, first Preset Time was less than or equal to 30 minutes more than or equal to 15 minutes.
7. the surface treatment method that boronising is carried out to workpiece according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the 3rd temperature
850-950 DEG C of span, the 3rd Preset Time span is 3-6 hours.
8. the surface treatment method that boronising is carried out to workpiece according to claim 5, it is characterised in that at least described boronising
Treatment is 0.5 ~ 1.5 × 105Completed under Pa air pressure environment.
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| CN114277235A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-04-05 | 山东大众机械制造股份有限公司 | Heat treatment method of high-strength anti-fatigue engine connecting rod |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN86108744A (en) * | 1986-12-17 | 1988-06-29 | 贵州工学院 | Paste boron-doping agent and protective cover thereof |
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| CN86108744A (en) * | 1986-12-17 | 1988-06-29 | 贵州工学院 | Paste boron-doping agent and protective cover thereof |
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| Title |
|---|
| 自保护膏剂渗硼工艺;康恩;《金属热处理》;19881226;第1卷(第12期);第22-26页 * |
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