CN104745155A - Recycling and harmless treatment process of waste oil-based drilling fluid - Google Patents
Recycling and harmless treatment process of waste oil-based drilling fluid Download PDFInfo
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- CN104745155A CN104745155A CN201510073742.1A CN201510073742A CN104745155A CN 104745155 A CN104745155 A CN 104745155A CN 201510073742 A CN201510073742 A CN 201510073742A CN 104745155 A CN104745155 A CN 104745155A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a recycling and harmless treatment process of waste oil-based drilling fluid. The process comprises the following steps: drying and separating of the waste oil-based drilling fluid, wherein the liquid phase obtained after separation is recycled and the solid phase obtained after separation is to be treated in next step; pre-desorption treatment: adding water and a cleaning agent to the solid phase obtained after separation in the step 1 and uniformly stirring; desorption treatment: setting a reflux ratio for a desorption treatment system according to a treatment capacity of 0.5-1.0, carrying out hydraulic separation on the reflux part and carrying out solid-liquid separation on other parts; solid-liquid separation, wherein the solid phase obtained after separation is discharged and the liquid phase is subjected to oil-water separation; hydraulic separation, wherein the solid phase obtained after separation is subjected to desorption treatment again and the liquid phase is subjected to oil-water separation; and oil-water separation. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that load and equipment investment of a subsequent treatment system are reduced and the transportation expense is lowered. Compared with a chemico-heating wash-mechanical dehydration process, the method has the advantage that the use amount of chemicals is reduced greatly. Compared with an incineration process and a pyrolytic process, the method has the advantages that energy sources are saved greatly, the equipment is simple and the operation conditions are mild.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil-based fluid treatment technology, particularly abendoned oil base drilling fluid reclaims and innoxious process for treating.
Background technology
Oil base drilling fluid waste is the mixture of drilling fluid, landwaste and sump oil, is a kind of colloidal suspension system of quite stable, containing sandy soil, various chemical processing agent, sump oil and landwaste etc., and the principal pollutant such as petroleum-type, volatile phenol, salt, heavy metal.Based on external experience, the prerequisite of shale gas exploitation carries out the protection work of ecotope.Use oil-base mud in shale oil gas recovery process, the resource reclaim of its oil-base mud waste and harmless treatment up to standard be a global problem of oil-gas field environment efforts at environmental protection, be also a neck bottle of shale gas exploratory development, must thoroughly solve.Current China is by oil base drilling fluid waste income " National Hazard waste register ", belong to dangerous solid waste (code: HW08), after process, the oil length of drilling cuttings must be reduced to less than 2%, to meet oil and gas industry standard (SY/T-2013) and to meet the emission standard requirement of GB GB4914-2008.
The main treatment process of current waste oil-based drilling fluid has: pyrolysis method, burning method, extraction process, chemico-heating wash-mechanical dehydration method, microbial method etc.The shortcomings such as wherein to have extraction agent price high for extraction process, need increase extraction agent recovery system, and facility investment is large, and technical process control is complicated.Pyrolysis method service temperature is high, consumption of calorie is large, energy consumption is high, facility investment is large.High temperature in pyrolytic process can make heavy hydrocarbon generation condensation coking, and oil loss is large, the performance of chemical additive in the too high easy destruction drilling fluid of simultaneous temperature, makes it can not recycling; Burning method cannot reclaim the mud additives such as expensive oil base and main breast, auxiliary breast because temperature is high, cause a large amount of wastings of resources, and sulfur compound, heavy metal, dioxin in the flue gas of burning and exhausting simultaneously, secondary pollution is serious.Sichuan, Chongqing Deng Di environmental administration clear stipulaties do not allow to adopt the way process abendoned oil base drilling fluid burned.Biological process, owing to being difficult to biodegradable organism containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons etc. in oil base drilling fluid, causes biodegradable difficulty and environmental risk greatly, and length consuming time.
Therefore, for discarded oil base waste liquid of drilling, reasonable, the cost-effective method of selection technique reclaims valuable oil base drilling fluid and effectively processes oil-contained drilling cuttings simultaneously and make it reach the environmental requirement of increasingly stringent, is the gordian technique in oil-gas mining process.
The invention provides a kind of resource reclaim and treatment process of high-efficiency environment friendly, the available resources in oil-base mud can well be recycled and reach the object of harmless treatment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: recovery and the harmless treatment process of the process abendoned oil base drilling fluid provided design, this invention is a kind for the treatment of process of high-efficiency environment friendly, available resources in oil-base mud can well be recycled, accomplish high efficiente callback utilization and harmless treatment.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of abendoned oil base drilling fluid reclaims and harmless treatment process, and step is:
1) abendoned oil base drilling fluid drying, separation:
Liquid phase after separation reclaims, and the solid phase after separation is for further processing;
2) pre-desorption process:
To step 1) be separated after solid phase, add water and clean-out system, stir;
3) desorption process:
Desorption treatment system arranges reflux ratio by the treatment capacity of 0.5 ~ 1.0, and refluxing portion carry out step 5) waterpower separation, rest part carry out step 4) solid-liquid separation;
4) solid-liquid separation:
Solid phase discharge after being separated, liquid phase carries out oily water separation;
5) waterpower is separated;
After being separated, solid phase re-starts desorption process, and liquid phase carries out oily water separation;
6) oily water separation.
Abendoned oil base drilling fluid of the present invention is dry, be separated into:
By pending waste oil-based drilling fluid recyclable most of oil base drilling fluid after centrifugal drying and the process of centrifugation secondary frequency conversion centrifugation systems.Reduce the water content of oil base drilling fluid, make oil: water, than at 80:20 ~ 85:15, pumps into drilling team's well drilling solid control system and carries out recycle after meeting service index requirement.The centrifugal isolated solid phase of secondary frequency conversion, the ratio of oil-containing is 5% ~ 9%, still can not meet industry environmental protection standard: the requirement of People's Republic of China's oil and gas industry standard (SY/T-2013) and " disposal of oily sludge is disposed and Pollution control technology specification " (exposure draft): " after centrifuging treatment, moisture percentage in sewage sludge should be less than 80%; oil length should be less than 2% ", still need to carry out advanced treatment.
Pre-desorption of the present invention is treated to:
The isolated solid phase of secondary frequency conversion centrifugation systems enters pre-desorption processing unit, (main component is 30 parts of wetting agents, 15 parts of Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonatees, 7 parts of op-10,10 parts of sodium carbonate, 3 parts of water glass, 35 parts of water to add scavenger specially, detergent concentration is 5%), dosage 0.3 ~ 1.5g/L, temperature 30 ~ 60 DEG C, under the condition of rotating speed 150 ~ 200r/min, fully stir 30min ~ 60min.
Desorption process of the present invention:
Solid phase after pre-desorption process carries out desorption process.Desorption process is that a kind of hydraulic power condition that utilizes makes liquid under the operational condition of normal temperature, make the pressure of liquid lower than saturated vapor pressure (liquid internal pressure p≤1.01 × 10 of liquid under relevant temperature
3pa), make vaporizing liquid, thus cause the generation of cavity, grow up and crumble and fall.A large amount of cavitys can produce the effect of high temperature, high pressure, high shear force and microjet when vanishing instantaneously, enhances the desorption of solid phase surface oil, pyrolytic decomposition, free radical reaction and supercritical water oxidation occurs simultaneously (as at environmental stress P
amb=1.01 × 10
5pa, water saturation vapour pressure P
g0=1.01 × 10
3pa, envrionment temperature T
ambunder the operational condition of=300K, the peak pressure P produced when cavity is vanished
maxcan 1.2 × 10 be reached
4atm, top temperature T
maxcan more than 3000K be reached, Strong oxdiative reaction and the supercritical water oxidation effect of OH and H free radical can occur with this understanding), the oil content of degraded solid phase surface further, thus reach the object of deep clean solid phase.Desorption treatment system principle of work is shown in Fig. 2.
Solid-liquid separation of the present invention is:
By the oil base drilling fluid solid phase after (3) desorption treatment system advanced treatment, after solid-liquid separation, solid phase (landwaste, oil-containing <2mg/L) meet the requirement of industry environmental protection standard and directly can discharge or use as well site road pavement, superfine particulate matter in solid phase reclaims, and gets back to oil base drilling fluid recovery system and carries out recycle.The liquid phase that solid-liquid separation obtains, carries out oily water separation.
Waterpower of the present invention is separated:
Desorption treatment system arranges reflux ratio by the treatment capacity of 0.5 ~ 1.0, guarantees the treatment effect of whole technique.Desorption treatment system outlet solidliquid mixture enters waterpower separation system and leaves standstill 30min ~ 60min, carries out solid-liquid separation.Solid phase after separation comes back to desorption treatment system and carries out degree of depth desorption, and the liquid phase after separation carries out oily water separation;
Oily water separation of the present invention
Oily water separation (adopts the walnut shell filter that PetroChina Company Limited.'s industry is recommended, filters filtering velocity≤16m/h, backwash rate 6 ~ 7L/ (m
2s) oil) in recycle-water, water outlet (oil-containing <1mg/L) is got back to (3) desorption treatment system and is carried out recycle
Advantage of the present invention is as follows:
1) recovery of oil base drilling fluid can be realized, decrease the load of aftertreatment systems and the one-time investment of equipment, reduce the trucking costs of waste oil-based drilling fluid;
2) desorption treatment system (3) can produce cavitation effect under normal-temperature operation condition, treatment effect is enhanced to the chemical action of physical action and Strong oxdiative and supercritical water oxidation that solid phase surface creates high temperature, high pressure, high shear force and microjet, compared with the technique of traditional chemico-heating wash-mechanical dehydration, greatly reduce the usage quantity of chemical agent;
3) compare with pyrolytic process with traditional burning process, the present invention can realize oil base drilling fluid and oil recovery under the condition of normal temperature, save a large amount of energy (as pyrolysis method, needing anoxybiotic to be heated to more than 500 just can make oil be gasified totally), equipment is simple simultaneously, operational condition is gentle.
4) present invention achieves the recycle of oil base drilling fluid and oil recovery and solid phase (landwaste) and water.Whole treating processes can not produce secondary pollution (as burning method, sulfur compound, heavy metal, dioxin in the flue gas of burning and exhausting, secondary pollution is serious);
5) compared with extraction process, the present invention does not need extraction agent and relevant extraction agent recovery system, the greatly complicacy of simplified system, improves the reliability of system cloud gray model.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 process flow sheet of the present invention
Fig. 2 desorption work for the treatment of principle schematic
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
1. abendoned oil base drilling fluid centrifugal drying, separation
By pending waste oil-based drilling fluid refiltered oil base drilling fluid after centrifugal drying (maximum speed of revolution 900rpm, centrifugation power 400G) and centrifugation secondary frequency conversion centrifugation systems (maximum speed of revolution 3900rpm) process.Reduce the water content of oil base drilling fluid, make oil: water ratio is at 80:20 ~ 85:15, and the centrifugal isolated solid phase of secondary frequency conversion, the ratio of oil-containing is 5% ~ 9%, and no enough row industry environmental protection standard requires that (SY/T-2013) need carry out advanced treatment.
2. the solid phase after being separated carries out pre-desorption process:
The isolated solid phase of secondary frequency conversion centrifugation systems enters pre-desorption processing unit, adds scavenger specially (main component is tensio-active agent, and concentration is 5%), dosage 0.3g/L, temperature 30 DEG C, under the condition of rotating speed 160r/min, fully stir 30 minutes.
3. desorption treatment system:
Solid phase after pre-desorption process enters desorption treatment system, environmental stress P
amb=1.01 × 10
5pa, temperature T
amb=300K, water saturation vapour pressure P
g0=1.01 × 10
3pa.
4. solid-liquid separation:
By the oil base drilling fluid solid phase after desorption treatment system advanced treatment, after solid-liquid separation (residence time T=30min), solid phase (landwaste) is directly discharged or as well site road pavement use, the superfine particulate matter in solid phase reclaims.The liquid phase that solid-liquid separation obtains, enters the oil in water-and-oil separator recycle-water, and water outlet (oil-containing <1mg/L) is got back to desorption treatment system and carried out recycle.
5. waterpower separation system:
Desorption treatment system arranges reflux ratio by the treatment capacity of 0.5 ~ 1.0, guarantees the treatment effect of whole technique.Desorption treatment system outlet solidliquid mixture enters waterpower separation system time of repose T=30min, carries out solid-liquid separation.Solid phase after separation comes back to desorption treatment system.
Landwaste oleaginousness after its process is 1.2%.
Embodiment 2
1. abendoned oil base drilling fluid centrifugal drying, separation
By pending waste oil-based drilling fluid refiltered oil base drilling fluid after centrifugal drying (maximum speed of revolution 900rpm, centrifugation power 400G) and centrifugation secondary frequency conversion centrifugation systems (maximum speed of revolution 3900rpm) process.Reduce the water content of oil base drilling fluid, make oil: water ratio is at 80:20 to 85:15, and the centrifugal isolated solid phase of secondary frequency conversion, the ratio of oil-containing is 5% ~ 9%, and no enough row industry environmental protection standard requires that (SY/T-2013) need carry out advanced treatment.
2. the solid phase after being separated carries out pre-desorption process:
The isolated solid phase of secondary frequency conversion centrifugation systems enters pre-desorption processing unit, adds scavenger specially (main component is tensio-active agent, and concentration is 5%), dosage 0.5g/L, temperature 40 DEG C, under the condition of rotating speed 160r/min, fully stir 30 minutes.
3. desorption treatment system:
Solid phase after pre-desorption process enters desorption treatment system, environmental stress P
amb=1.01 × 10
5pa, temperature T
amb=300K, water saturation vapour pressure P
g0=1.01 × 10
3pa.
4. solid-liquid separation:
By the oil base drilling fluid solid phase after desorption treatment system advanced treatment, after solid-liquid separation (residence time T=30min), solid phase (landwaste) is directly discharged or as well site road pavement use, the superfine particulate matter in solid phase reclaims.The liquid phase that solid-liquid separation obtains, enters the oil in water-and-oil separator recycle-water, and water outlet (oil-containing <1mg/L) is got back to desorption treatment system and carried out recycle.
5. waterpower separation system:
Desorption treatment system arranges reflux ratio by the treatment capacity of 0.5 ~ 1.0, guarantees the treatment effect of whole technique.Desorption treatment system outlet solidliquid mixture enters waterpower separation system time of repose T=60min, carries out solid-liquid separation.Solid phase after separation comes back to desorption treatment system.
Landwaste oleaginousness after its process is 0.5%.
Embodiment 3
1. abendoned oil base drilling fluid centrifugal drying, separation
By pending waste oil-based drilling fluid refiltered oil base drilling fluid after centrifugal drying (maximum speed of revolution 900rpm, centrifugation power 400G) and centrifugation secondary frequency conversion centrifugation systems (maximum speed of revolution 3900rpm) process.Reduce the water content of oil base drilling fluid, make oil: water ratio is at 80:20 ~ 85:15, and the centrifugal isolated solid phase of secondary frequency conversion, the ratio of oil-containing is 5% ~ 9%, and no enough row industry environmental protection standard requires that (SY/T-2013) need carry out advanced treatment.
2. the solid phase after being separated carries out pre-desorption process:
The isolated solid phase of secondary frequency conversion centrifugation systems enters pre-desorption processing unit, adds scavenger specially (main component of clean-out system is tensio-active agent, and concentration is 5%), dosage 0.8g/L, at temperature 50 C, under the condition of rotating speed 160r/min, fully stir 30 minutes.
3. desorption process treatment system:
Solid phase after pre-desorption process enters desorption treatment system, environmental stress P
amb=1.01 × 10
5pa, temperature T
amb=300K, water saturation vapour pressure P
g0=1.01 × 10
3pa.
4. solid-liquid separation:
By the oil base drilling fluid solid phase after desorption treatment system advanced treatment, after solid-liquid separation (residence time T=30min), solid phase (landwaste) is directly discharged or as well site road pavement use, the superfine particulate matter in solid phase reclaims.The liquid phase that solid-liquid separation obtains, enters the oil in water-and-oil separator recycle-water, and water outlet (oil-containing <1mg/L) is got back to desorption treatment system and carried out recycle.
5. waterpower separation system:
Desorption treatment system arranges reflux ratio by the treatment capacity of 0.5 ~ 1.0, guarantees the treatment effect of whole technique.Desorption treatment system outlet solidliquid mixture enters waterpower separation system time of repose T=40min, carries out solid-liquid separation.Solid phase after separation comes back to desorption treatment system.
Landwaste oleaginousness after its process is 0.02%.
Specific embodiment:
Shale gas drilling operation district, Sichuan, there are 80 mouthfuls of well in operations every year on average, every mouthful of well produces the discarded oil-base mud of 300 ~ 400 tons, annual generation abendoned oil base drilling fluid 24000 ~ 32000 tons, wherein oleaginousness reaches 49.4%, landwaste content is 26.0%, pre-treating process be through simply reclaim after residue burn, not only waste resource, and serious environment pollution, use technique of the present invention, oil recovery rate reaches 99.7%, i.e. annual refiltered oil 13000 tons, by 3000 yuan per ton, reclaims the oil of 3,900 ten thousand yuan for 1 year.Mud after process, sand oil length, can direct landfills or for use of building the road lower than 0.5%.
Claims (6)
1. abendoned oil base drilling fluid reclaims and a harmless treatment process, and step is:
1) abendoned oil base drilling fluid drying, separation:
Liquid phase after separation reclaims, and the solid phase after separation is for further processing;
2) pre-desorption process:
To step 1) be separated after solid phase, add water and clean-out system, stir;
3) desorption process:
Desorption treatment system arranges reflux ratio by the treatment capacity of 0.5 ~ 1.0, and refluxing portion carry out step 5) waterpower separation, rest part carry out step 4) solid-liquid separation;
4) solid-liquid separation:
Solid phase discharge after being separated, liquid phase carries out oily water separation;
5) waterpower is separated;
After being separated, solid phase re-starts desorption process, and liquid phase carries out oily water separation;
6) oily water separation.
2. abendoned oil base drilling fluid reclaims and harmless treatment process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 1) abendoned oil base drilling fluid is dry, separation, adopts secondary frequency conversion centrifugation systems to carry out centrifugal drying and centrifugation.
3. abendoned oil base drilling fluid reclaims and harmless treatment process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 1) abendoned oil base drilling fluid is dry, be separated, and makes the oil of liquid phase after separation: water is than at 80:20 ~ 85:15.
4. abendoned oil base drilling fluid reclaims and harmless treatment process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 2) in clean-out system be composition be 30 parts of wetting agents, 15 parts of Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonatees, 7 parts of op-10,10 parts of sodium carbonate, 3 parts of water glass and 35 parts of water, dosage is the clean-out system 0.3 ~ 1.5g/L of concentration 5%, and pre-desorption treatment temp is 30 ~ 60
0c, rotating speed is under the condition of 150 ~ 200r/min, fully stirs 30min ~ 60min.
5. abendoned oil base drilling fluid reclaims and harmless treatment process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 3) in, desorption process is that a kind of hydraulic power condition that utilizes makes liquid under the operational condition of normal temperature, make the pressure of liquid lower than the saturated vapor pressure of liquid under relevant temperature, make vaporizing liquid, thus cause the generation of cavity, grow up and crumble and fall.
6. abendoned oil base drilling fluid reclaims and harmless treatment process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 6) middle oily water separation employing walnut shell filter, filters and considers speed≤16m/h, backwash rate 6 ~ 7L/ (m
2s) oil in recycle-water, water outlet is got back to desorption process and is carried out recycle.
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| CN108273843A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-07-13 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | For oil-contained drilling cuttings and the leaching agent and its application method of oil-containing drilling wastes |
| CN109095743A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-28 | 郑州高路亚环保科技有限公司 | The overcritical organic stripping system of one kind and its technique |
| CN110759712A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-02-07 | 天津杰臻环保技术有限公司 | Method for sintering building materials by adopting solid wastes of offshore oil drilling platform |
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Application publication date: 20150701 |