CN104741986B - A kind of inner bore machining device and processing method - Google Patents

A kind of inner bore machining device and processing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104741986B
CN104741986B CN201310746583.8A CN201310746583A CN104741986B CN 104741986 B CN104741986 B CN 104741986B CN 201310746583 A CN201310746583 A CN 201310746583A CN 104741986 B CN104741986 B CN 104741986B
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workpiece
grinding wheel
work fixing
grinding
fixing device
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CN104741986A (en
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阮涛
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SHANGHAI BUJIN PRECISION CERAMIC Co.,Ltd.
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Shanghai Li Tao Precision Optical Machinery Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B5/00Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B5/36Single-purpose machines or devices
    • B24B5/48Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding walls of very fine holes, e.g. in drawing-dies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B25/00Grinding machines of universal type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B27/00Other grinding machines or devices
    • B24B27/0076Other grinding machines or devices grinding machines comprising two or more grinding tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B7/00Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B7/10Single-purpose machines or devices
    • B24B7/16Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding end-faces, e.g. of gauges, rollers, nuts, piston rings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to technical field of mechanical processing more particularly to a kind of processing unit (plant) and processing methods.A kind of inner bore machining device, including rack, rack is equipped with Work fixing device, honing device, it further include support base, support base is arranged on the rack by moving left and right device, a honing device is fixed at the both ends of support base respectively, and the abrasive material end of two honing devices is oppositely arranged, and is respectively facing Work fixing device both ends.Work fixing device is connect with gantry rotation, and the rotation direction of Work fixing device is opposite with the rotation direction at abrasive material end on honing device.A kind of processing method of inner hole carries out interior hole machined to workpiece using inner bore machining device of the invention, and manufactured workpiece has good coaxiality of inner hole, good concentricity, without remarkable advantages such as second order error, precision height.

Description

A kind of inner bore machining device and processing method
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of mechanical processing more particularly to a kind of processing unit (plant) and processing methods.
Background technique
When carrying out the processing of coaxial aperture system to deep hole workpiece, due to being limited by condition, lathe cannot be completed at the same time coaxially The processing of two coaxial apertures of hole system workpiece.
In the prior art, general to complete after processing a stomidium, another hole is processed in overturning, and clamping realizes coaxial aperture twice Processing.Such mode, there are cumulative errors, the concentricity of two-direction hole is low after processing, and machining accuracy is difficult to ensure.And twice Clamping wastes time, and production efficiency is low, and labor intensity is big, high production cost.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of inner bore machining devices, to solve the above technical problems.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of processing methods of inner hole, to solve the above technical problems.
Technical problem solved by the invention can be realized using following technical scheme:
A kind of inner bore machining device, including a rack, the rack is equipped with Work fixing device, honing device, special Sign is, further includes a support base, and the support base moves left and right device by one and is arranged in the rack, the support base Both ends fix the honing device respectively, the abrasive material end of two honing devices is oppositely arranged, and is respectively facing described Work fixing device both ends;
The Work fixing device is connect with the gantry rotation, the rotation direction of the Work fixing device and the mill The rotation direction at abrasive material end is opposite on aperture apparatus.
In use, workpiece is fixed on Work fixing device, two abrasive material ends are respectively facing on workpiece to be needed the present invention The position of grinding out.Device will be moved left and right toward when moving left, the abrasive material end on right side carries out the interior hole machined on right side to workpiece first, Device is moved left and right to continue toward moving left, until the inner hole on the right side of workpiece completes the process;Device will be moved left and right then toward moving to right Dynamic, the abrasive material end in left side carries out the interior hole machined in left side to workpiece, the inner hole of two sides after the completion of, move left and right device reply. Workpiece is removed from Work fixing device.It is especially prominent for the processing advantage of coaxial inner after above-mentioned design, due to a left side Device is moved right only to be moved left and right, up and down direction is constant, when processing two sides inner hole, concentricity, good concentricity, no overturning Error caused by workpiece secondary operation.
In addition, in internal hole machined, due to the rotation direction at abrasive material end and the rotation direction of Work fixing device on the contrary, Inner hole is high in machining efficiency.While workpiece is exited at abrasive material end, moreover it is possible to be ground to inner hole inner wall, realize the light of inner hole inner wall Cleanliness is good.
The device that moves left and right preferably uses fluid pressure linear slide arrangement, the fluid pressure linear slide arrangement Including sliding rail and sliding slot, fluid film is equipped between the sliding rail and the sliding slot, the fluid film generates static pressure thrust, makes described Sliding slot is floated by the fluid film, swimmingly does linear displacement along the sliding rail under no Frotteurism;
The sliding rail is fixed in the rack, and the sliding slot horizontally slips with the sliding rail and connect, solid on the sliding slot The fixed support base.For the linear slide arrangement of aforesaid way due to there is the support of liquid film, load capacity is strong, and stability is high, With extremely low friction, high rigidity and high damping characteristic, positioning for support base, precision is high, can reach sub-micron grade feeding.Greatly The precision of grinding out is improved greatly.
The Work fixing device includes a hollow main shaft, a bearing, a spindle drum, and the main shaft passes through the bearing The spindle drum is connected, the spindle drum is fixed in the rack;
Workpiece passes through the main shaft and is fixedly connected with the main shaft, and the workpiece is rotated together with the main shaft.
The bearing preferably uses hydrodynamic journal liquid polymers, and the main shaft is done on bearing to be rotated.Traditional fluid pressure axis The oil film formed between the main shaft and bearing held by lubricating oil, it is mutually contactless to bear load, it realizes without friction, work longevity Order the remarkable advantages such as length, bearing reliability height.The main shaft of existing hydrodynamic journal liquid polymers is usually solid, makes as rotatable parts With.And present invention utilizes the rotations of main shaft, and main shaft is hollowed out, and form hollow spindle, workpiece is fixed in main shaft, according to workpiece Length can design the length of main shaft, workpiece can stretch out in main shaft, can also be fixed in main shaft, preferably with main axis length It is similar.After hydrodynamic journal liquid polymers, during grinding out, workpiece and main shaft low operation, grinding tool are running at high speed workpiece, revolve Turn precision height, bearing capacity is strong, further ensures the precision of grinding out.
The abrasive material end of the honing device preferably uses high-quality grinding wheel, the grinding wheel preferably use skive or cube Boron nitride grinding wheel, the rotation direction of grinding wheel and the rotation direction of Work fixing device are opposite.Grinding wheel has rigidity is good, the service life is long etc. Advantage.In grinding wheel high speed rotation, cooperate with Work fixing device and rotate, effective cutting workpiece realizes that vibration lines is small, coarse Spend the advantages that small.
The grinding wheel also uses the fixed form of hydrodynamic journal liquid polymers to be fixed on one end of the support base.
The Work fixing device is connect by a back-and-forth motion device with the rack, and the back-and-forth motion device is also adopted With a fluid pressure linear slide arrangement.When the invention works, grinding wheel and workpiece reverse phase rotate, in the effect for moving left and right device Under, grinding wheel carries out grinding out by pair of workpieces;After the completion of grinding out, the end face of workpiece is ground, after the completion of grinding, mobile left and right Mobile device, grinding wheel exit inner hole of workpiece, and close to corresponding workpiece end face, mobile to be moved forward and backward device, grinding wheel and workpiece reverse phase Under rotation, grinding wheel is ground workpiece end face.On one side after milled, then another side end face is ground.After above-mentioned design, work The depth of parallelism of part end face is good, and the consistency of both ends of the surface is good.
The Work fixing device is arranged in middle part between two honing devices, and between two honing devices Distance be greater than on workpiece and need the length of grinding out.
A kind of processing method of inner hole, which comprises the steps of:
1) workpiece of inner hole to be processed is fixed on the rack by Work fixing device, the length direction of inner hole to be processed For the moving direction for moving left and right device;
2) it moves left and right device movement to turn left, drives the support base moved left and right on device is past to move left, and then drive branch For grinding wheel on support seat toward moving left, the grinding wheel on right side carries out grinding out to the right side of workpiece;
After completing right side grinding out, moves left and right device movement and turn right, drive grinding wheel toward moving right, the grinding wheel in left side is to workpiece Left side carry out grinding out;
3) it moves left and right device to restPose, original state is that the fixed workpiece of medium position between two grinding wheels is solid Determine device.
The present invention can also carry out grinding to workpiece end face before step 3):
Device is moved left and right toward moving left, drives grinding wheel toward moving left, left side grinding wheel exits inner hole of workpiece, rests on workpiece Outside left end face, it is moved forward and backward device and moves forward or backward, left side grinding wheel is anti-in grinding wheel and workpiece towards workpiece left end face It rotates down, is ground left end face, complete left end face grinding;
It moves left and right device to continue to drive grinding wheel toward moving left toward moving left, until right side, grinding wheel is rested on the right side of workpiece Outside end face, under grinding wheel and the rotation of workpiece reverse phase, it is ground right end face;
It is moved forward and backward device backward or is moved along, restPose.
The device that moves left and right of the invention can be first toward moving left, can also be first toward moving right, to workpiece left or right side Restriction without grinding out sequencing.But processing method of the invention, it is necessary to after being first ground to both ends inner hole, then to workpiece End face is ground.It can guarantee concentricity, the concentricity between two inner holes in this way, guarantee without second order error.
The present invention can not only process coaxial inner, can also carry out simultaneously to inner circle symmetrical on two workpiece One of workpiece, at this time in step 1), is fixed on the left side of rack by processing by Work fixing device, another workpiece is logical Cross the right side that Work fixing device is fixed on rack, inner hole on the left of the work pieces process of left side, right side work pieces process right side inner hole.Other Step is consistent with aforesaid way.The inner hole consistency of such design, two workpiece is good, and processing efficiency greatly improves.
The utility model has the advantages that due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, using inner bore machining device of the invention, manufactured workpiece, tool There are good coaxiality of inner hole, good concentricity, without remarkable advantages such as second order error, precision height.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of processing unit (plant) of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the partial structure diagram of Work fixing device of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to be easy to understand the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention, tie below Conjunction is specifically illustrating that the present invention is further explained.
Referring to Fig.1, a kind of inner bore machining device, including rack 1, rack 1 are equipped with Work fixing device 2, honing device 3, support base 4, support base 4 are arranged in rack 1 by moving left and right device 5, and a grinding out is fixed at the both ends of support base 4 respectively The abrasive material end of device 3, two honing devices 3 is oppositely arranged, and is respectively facing 2 both ends of Work fixing device.Work fixing device 2 with Rack 1 is rotatablely connected, and the rotation direction of Work fixing device 2 is opposite with the rotation direction at abrasive material end on honing device 3.The present invention It is preferred that Work fixing device 2 is arranged in the middle part between two honing devices 3, and the distance between two honing devices 3 are greater than work The length of grinding out is needed on part 11.
In use, workpiece 11 is fixed on Work fixing device 2, two abrasive material ends are respectively facing on workpiece 11 present invention Need the position of grinding out.Device 5 will be moved left and right toward when moving left, the abrasive material end on right side first carries out in right side workpiece 11 Hole machined moves left and right device 5 and continues toward moving left, until the inner hole on 11 right side of workpiece completes the process;Device 5 will be moved left and right Then toward moving right, the abrasive material end in left side carries out the interior hole machined in left side to workpiece 11, the inner hole of two sides after the completion of, left and right is moved Dynamic device 5 is replied.Workpiece 11 is removed from Work fixing device 2.After above-mentioned design, for the processing advantage of coaxial inner It is especially prominent, it is only moved left and right due to moving left and right device 5, up and down direction is constant, coaxial when processing two sides inner hole It spends, good concentricity, error caused by no overturning workpiece secondary operation.In addition, in internal hole machined, due to the rotation at abrasive material end The rotation direction of direction and Work fixing device 2 is on the contrary, inner hole is high in machining efficiency.While workpiece is exited at abrasive material end, moreover it is possible to Inner hole inner wall is ground, realizes that the finish of inner hole inner wall is good.
Device 5 is moved left and right preferably using fluid pressure linear slide arrangement, and fluid pressure linear slide arrangement includes sliding Rail and sliding slot are equipped with fluid film between sliding rail and sliding slot, fluid film generates static pressure thrust, floats sliding slot by fluid film, Linear displacement swimmingly is done along sliding rail under no Frotteurism.Sliding rail is fixed in rack 1, and sliding slot and sliding rail horizontally slip company It connects, fixed supporting seat 4 on sliding slot.For the linear slide arrangement of aforesaid way due to there is the support of liquid film, load capacity is strong, surely Ding Dugao has extremely low friction, high rigidity and high damping characteristic, and the positioning for support base 4, precision is high, can reach time micron Grade feeding.Substantially increase the precision of grinding out.
Referring to Fig. 2, Work fixing device 2 includes hollow main shaft 21, bearing 22, spindle drum 23, and main shaft 21 passes through bearing 22 connection spindle drums 23, spindle drum 23 are fixed in rack 1.Workpiece passes through main shaft 21 and is fixedly connected with main shaft 21, workpiece and master Axis 21 rotates together.Bearing 22 preferably uses hydrodynamic journal liquid polymers, and main shaft 21 is done on bearing to be rotated.Traditional fluid pressure axis The oil film formed between the main shaft 21 held and bearing by lubricating oil, it is mutually contactless to bear load, it realizes without friction, work The remarkable advantages such as service life length, bearing reliability height.The main shaft 21 of existing hydrodynamic journal liquid polymers is usually solid, as rotation section Part uses.And present invention utilizes the rotations of main shaft 21, and main shaft 21 is hollowed out, and form hollow spindle, workpiece is fixed on main shaft 21 In, the length of main shaft 21 can be designed according to the length of workpiece, workpiece can stretch out in main shaft 21, can also be fixed on main shaft 21 In, it is preferably similar with long 21 degree of main shaft.After hydrodynamic journal liquid polymers, workpiece is during grinding out, 21 low speed of workpiece and main shaft Operation, grinding tool are running at high speed, and running accuracy is high, and bearing capacity is strong, further ensures the precision of grinding out.
The abrasive material end of honing device 3 preferably uses grinding wheel, and grinding wheel preferably uses diamond grinding wheel or cubic boron nitride abrasive wheel, The rotation direction of grinding wheel is opposite with the rotation direction of Work fixing device 2.Grinding wheel has many advantages, such as that rigidity is good, the service life is long.In sand When taking turns high speed rotation, cooperate with Work fixing device 2 and rotate, effective cutting workpiece realizes that vibration lines is small, and it is excellent that roughness is small etc. Point.Grinding wheel also uses the fixed form of hydrodynamic journal liquid polymers to be fixed on one end of support base 4.
Work fixing device 2 is connect by being moved forward and backward device with rack 1, is moved forward and backward device and is also used fluid pressure line Property carriage.The sliding rail of fluid pressure linear slide arrangement is fixed on the rack, the sliding slot of fluid pressure linear slide arrangement It is fixedly connected with the spindle drum 23 of Work fixing device 2.Certainly, Work fixing device 2 can also by be moved forward and backward device with Rack 1 connects, and is moved forward and backward device and uses fluid pressure linear slide arrangement.Since workpiece is in high-speed rotation, no matter move Dynamic or back-and-forth motion, grinding wheel are able to achieve the grinding process to workpiece end face.When the invention works, grinding wheel and workpiece reverse phase turn Dynamic, under the action of moving left and right device 5, grinding wheel carries out grinding out by pair of workpieces;After the completion of grinding out, the end face of workpiece is carried out Grinding, mobile to move left and right device 5, grinding wheel exits inner hole of workpiece, and close to corresponding workpiece end face, movement is moved forward and backward device, Under grinding wheel and the rotation of workpiece reverse phase, grinding wheel is ground workpiece end face.On one side after milled, then another side end face is ground It cuts.After above-mentioned design, the depth of parallelism of workpiece end face is good, and the consistency of both ends of the surface is good.
A kind of processing method of inner hole, includes the following steps:
1) fixed: the workpiece of inner hole to be processed is fixed in rack 1 by Work fixing device 2, inner hole to be processed Length direction is the moving direction for moving left and right device 5.
2) grinding out: moving left and right the movement of device 5 and turn left, drive the support base 4 moved left and right on device 5 is past to move left, into And it drives grinding wheel on support base 4 grinding wheel on right side carries out grinding out to the right side of workpiece toward moving left.After completing right side grinding out, It moves left and right the movement of device 5 to turn right, drives grinding wheel toward moving right, the grinding wheel in left side carries out grinding out to the left side of workpiece.
3) cross grinding: device 5 is moved left and right toward moving left, drives grinding wheel toward moving left, left side grinding wheel exits in workpiece Hole rests on outside workpiece left end face, is moved forward and backward device and moves forward or backward, left side grinding wheel towards workpiece left end face, Under grinding wheel and the rotation of workpiece reverse phase, it is ground left end face, completes left end face grinding.It moves left and right device 5 and continues past move to left It is dynamic, drive grinding wheel toward moving left, until right side, grinding wheel is rested on outside workpiece right end face, under grinding wheel and the rotation of workpiece reverse phase, It is ground right end face.
4) it moves left and right device 5 to restPose, original state is the fixed workpiece of medium position between two grinding wheels Fixed device 2.It is moved forward and backward device backward or is moved along, restPose.
The device 5 that moves left and right of the invention can be first toward moving left, can also be first toward moving right, to workpiece left or right side Restriction without grinding out sequencing.But processing method of the invention, it is necessary to after first carrying out grinding out to two inner holes, then to workpiece End face is ground.It can guarantee concentricity, the concentricity between two inner holes in this way, guarantee without second order error.The present invention is not Coaxial inner can only be processed, inner circle symmetrical on two workpiece can also be processed simultaneously, at this time step 1) In, one of workpiece is fixed on to the left side of rack 1 by Work fixing device 2, another workpiece is filled by the way that workpiece is fixed Set 2 right sides for being fixed on rack 1, inner hole on the left of the work pieces process of left side, right side work pieces process right side inner hole.Other steps with it is above-mentioned Mode is consistent.The inner hole consistency of such design, two workpiece is good, and processing efficiency greatly improves.
The workpiece made of processing unit (plant) of the invention and processing method grinding, has following parameter:
Concentricity≤0.001mm, the depth of parallelism≤0.001mm, and end face squareness≤0.001mm, concentricity≤ 0.001mm。
The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention.The technology of the industry Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its Equivalent thereof.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of inner bore machining device, including a rack, the rack is equipped with Work fixing device, honing device,
It is characterized in that, further including a support base, the support base moves left and right device by one and is arranged in the rack, institute The honing device is fixed at the both ends for stating support base respectively, and the abrasive material end of two honing devices is oppositely arranged, respectively Towards the Work fixing device both ends;
The Work fixing device is connect with the gantry rotation, and the rotation direction of the Work fixing device and the grinding out fill The rotation direction for setting abrasive material end is opposite;
Wherein, the Work fixing device is connect by a back-and-forth motion device with the rack.
2. a kind of inner bore machining device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the device that moves left and right is using liquid Hydrostatic linear carriage, the fluid pressure linear slide arrangement include sliding rail and sliding slot, the sliding rail and the sliding slot it Between be equipped with fluid film, the fluid film generates static pressure thrust, floats the sliding slot by the fluid film, in no Frotteurism Under swimmingly do linear displacement along the sliding rail;
The sliding rail is fixed in the rack, and the sliding slot horizontally slips with the sliding rail and connect, and institute is fixed on the sliding slot State support base.
3. a kind of inner bore machining device according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the Work fixing device includes One hollow main shaft, a bearing, a spindle drum, the main shaft connect the spindle drum by the bearing, and the spindle drum is solid It is scheduled in the rack;
Workpiece passes through the main shaft and is fixedly connected with the main shaft, and the workpiece is rotated together with the main shaft.
4. a kind of inner bore machining device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the bearing uses fluid pressure axis It holds, the main shaft is done on bearing to be rotated.
5. a kind of inner bore machining device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the abrasive material end of the honing device uses Grinding wheel, the rotation direction of grinding wheel and the rotation direction of Work fixing device are opposite;The grinding wheel is consolidated using hydrodynamic journal liquid polymers Determine one end that mode is fixed on the support base.
6. a kind of inner bore machining device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the back-and-forth motion device uses a liquid Body hydrostatic linear carriage.
7. a kind of inner bore machining device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that between two honing devices The Work fixing device is arranged in portion, and the distance between two described honing devices are greater than the length that grinding out is needed on workpiece.
8. a kind of processing method of inner hole, using inner bore machining device described in any one of claim 1 to 7 to workpiece into Hole machined in row, which is characterized in that the interior hole machined of workpiece is included the following steps:
1) workpiece of inner hole to be processed is fixed on the rack by Work fixing device, the length direction of inner hole to be processed is a left side Move right the moving direction of device;
2) it moves left and right device movement to turn left, drives the support base moved left and right on device is past to move left, and then drive support base On grinding wheel toward moving left, the grinding wheel on right side carries out grinding out to the right side of workpiece;
After completing right side grinding out, moves left and right device movement and turn right, drive grinding wheel toward moving right, the left side of the grinding wheel in left side to workpiece Side carries out grinding out;
3) it moves left and right device to restPose, original state is the fixed dress of the fixed workpiece of medium position between two grinding wheels It sets.
9. a kind of processing method of inner hole according to claim 8, it is characterised in that before step 3), also to work end Face is ground:
Device is moved left and right toward moving left, drives grinding wheel toward moving left, left side grinding wheel exits inner hole of workpiece, rests on the left of workpiece It outside end face, is moved forward and backward device and moves forward or backward, left side grinding wheel turns towards workpiece left end face in grinding wheel and workpiece reverse phase Under dynamic, it is ground left end face, completes left end face grinding;
Device is moved left and right to continue to drive grinding wheel toward moving left, grinding wheel rests on workpiece right end face until right side toward moving left Outside, under grinding wheel and the rotation of workpiece reverse phase, it is ground right end face;
It is moved forward and backward device backward or is moved along, restPose.
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CN203679950U (en) * 2013-12-30 2014-07-02 上海力涛精密机械有限公司 Buoyancy inner hole machining device

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