CN104735600B - Loudspeaker controller - Google Patents
Loudspeaker controller Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104735600B CN104735600B CN201410815267.6A CN201410815267A CN104735600B CN 104735600 B CN104735600 B CN 104735600B CN 201410815267 A CN201410815267 A CN 201410815267A CN 104735600 B CN104735600 B CN 104735600B
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- Prior art keywords
- loudspeaker
- controller
- over time
- impedance
- signal
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R3/002—Damping circuit arrangements for transducers, e.g. motional feedback circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R29/00—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements
- H04R29/001—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for loudspeakers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R3/007—Protection circuits for transducers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R29/00—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements
- H04R29/001—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for loudspeakers
- H04R29/003—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for loudspeakers of the moving-coil type
Abstract
One kind is configured to for controlling the loudspeaker controller (1) of loudspeaker (2)：Measurement based on loudspeaker voltage and to loudspeaker electric current determines the impedance information that loudspeaker (2) changes over time；And according to the impedance information changed over time, provide the control to loudspeaker (2).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of the output of control loudspeaker.The invention further relates to a kind of loudspeaker controllers.This
Outside, the present invention relates to a kind of for carrying out the method and controller of mechanical loudspeaker protection.
Background technology
Loudspeaker is the equipment for having voice coil, and the voice coil moves diaphragm and converts electrical signals to voice signal.For
Smaller electric signal, diaphragm displacement is smaller, and accurate line can be defined between input voltage signal and diaphragm displacement function
Property transmission function.However, the input signal for leading to larger diaphragm displacement, due to the non-linear behaviour of loudspeaker, this is linear
Model is invalid, predicts that the displacement of diaphragm is inaccurate based on linear transmission function.Accordingly, it is difficult in signal by a relatively large margin
Under the conditions of loudspeaker is mechanically protected so that its diaphragm displacement is not overly conservative, at the same time still on boundary specified by the manufacturer
In limit.
Invention content
According to the first aspect of the invention, a kind of loudspeaker controller for being used to control loudspeaker is provided, is configured to：Base
In loudspeaker voltage and measurement to loudspeaker electric current, the impedance information that loudspeaker changes over time is determined；And according to it is described with
The impedance information of time change provides the control to loudspeaker.
Advantageously find that impedance value changes over time the inductance for reflecting loudspeaker, the inductance of wherein loudspeaker reflects
The immediate movement of loudspeaker.Thus, for example, loudspeaker can be controlled in order to provide mechanical protection.It will be to the loudspeaker of operation
The measured value of short-term impedance transient change is used as the instruction of diaphragm displacement, provides a kind of convenience and non-computational intensive mode
To provide loudspeaker protection and/or input signal processing.
The controller can be configured as the input signal that the measuring signal of preset frequency is introduced to loudspeaker, and in institute
State the loudspeaker electric current that loudspeaker is measured at preset frequency.
Controller is configurable to measure loudspeaker voltage and loudspeaker electric current.It is alternatively possible to using for amplify to
The predefined parameter of the amplifier for the input signal that loudspeaker applies calculates loudspeaker voltage according to the input signal.For example,
It can be by being built to input signal application shearing function (clipping function) to amplifier nonlinearity distortion
Mould.
Measuring signal can include the pilot tone (pilot tone) of preset frequency.Pilot tone can have in the range of audibility
Except frequency.Measuring signal can include multiple pilot tones (each with different frequency), and the controller can be configured
For determine with the corresponding each frequency of multiple pilot tones at the impedance information that changes over time.At the multiple frequency at any time
Between the impedance information that changes can be used for creating model, loudspeaker displacement can be determined according to the model.Pilot tone can have
There is the waveform of pure oscillation.
Measuring signal can be included in the noise introduced in particular frequency range to input signal.The frequency range can be with
It is relatively narrow, such as 100Hz.
Since single pilot tone represents a single point in frequency domain, a kind of simplest side is provided using single pilot tone
Method.The measured value can be enabled more robust including multiple pilot tones, but due to there is more multi-site data, including multiple pilot tones
Sound may increase the complexity of measurement.Since noise is through larger frequency range, so the use of noise can be robust, but
It is using the equally possible complexity for increasing measurement process of noise.
In other embodiments, measuring signal includes the input signal of selected portion.It can be based on inputting in the part believing
Signal energy in number, to select selected portion.
The control is configurable to determine the impedance information changed over time using Short Time Fourier Transform technology.It is standby
Selection of land, the controller are configurable to determine what is changed over time using Ge Zeer (Goertzel) algorithms or wave filter group
Impedance information.It should be understood that any algorithm that can estimate the impedance of specific frequency point is all suitable.
The controller is configurable to control loudspeaker by following operation：
A) acoustics signal processing is carried out to input signal；Or
B) loudspeaker protection is performed.
In addition, the controller is configurable to through following operation and control loudspeaker：
Such as the gain of audio signal is controlled by application decay factor；
To audio signal application linear filter, for example, high-pass filtering；
Operation state Range Compressor, the dynamic range compressor based on the impedance information changed over time, control to
The gain (side chain (side-chaining)) that audio signal applies.
The controller is configurable to according to the impedance information export diaphragm displacement value changed over time.
The controller can be configured as carries out acoustics signal processing by the input signal that opposite loudspeaker applies, and comes
Control loudspeaker.The controller can be configured as：If the amplitude of the impedance information changed over time has been more than threshold value,
Reduce the gain for the amplifier that input signal is provided to loudspeaker.Acoustics signal processing can include：If it changes over time
Impedance information has been more than predetermined threshold, then changes the input signal applied to loudspeaker, to reduce expected drift
(excursion)。
The controller is configurable to diaphragm displacement derived from the impedance information that will be changed over time and/or institute with making a reservation for
Parameter is compared, to control loudspeaker.The parameter can represent threshold value, and controller is configurable to determine to change over time
Impedance information whether be more than the threshold value, and for controlling the loudspeaker.The threshold value if more than, then loudspeaker control
Device processed can only control loudspeaker.The parameter can include one or two boundary, and controller is configurable to determine at any time
Between the impedance information that changes whether be more than the boundary.The boundary if more than, then controller can be used for control expand
Sound device.Boundary can include impedance limit or derivatives thereof.Impedance boundary can include impedance or impedance real part or imaginary impedance
Size.It should be understood which aspect of impedance is used to that the boundary to be set to depend on application.It can be by calibrating the expansion
Sound device obtains the parameter/boundary.The parameter can include following function：According to the impedance information changed over time, refer to
Fixed different degrees of control.
According to the second aspect of the invention, a kind of method for the output for being used to control loudspeaker is provided, including following step
Suddenly：
Loudspeaker electric current is measured, the loudspeaker has the input signal applied to it；
Based on loudspeaker voltage and the loudspeaker electric current measured, the impedance information that loudspeaker changes over time is determined；With
And
The control to loudspeaker is provided according to the impedance information changed over time.
According to the third aspect of the invention we, it provides a kind of integrated including the loudspeaker controller that is limited by first aspect
Circuit (IC).
According to the fourth aspect of the invention, a kind of loudspeaker including the first aspect of the present invention and loudspeaker control are provided
The electronic equipment of device processed.
The electronic equipment can include mobile phone, tablet, computer, radio, in-car entertainment system, MP3 and play
Device or any other audio output apparatus.
Description of the drawings
Referring to the attached drawing below, the detailed description to the embodiment of the present invention is exemplarily only shown, in attached drawing：
Fig. 1 shows the first example embodiment of loudspeaker controller；
Fig. 2 shows the second example embodiments of loudspeaker controller；
Fig. 3 shows the flow chart of the method for control loudspeaker.
Specific embodiment
The present invention relates to a kind of loudspeaker controllers, can perform the loudspeaker controller to protect loudspeaker, from
And by handling the acoustic signal for driving the loudspeaker, extending the service life of loudspeaker and keeping better quality within its service life
Audio output.
Fig. 1 shows the embodiment of loudspeaker controller 1, for controlling the output of loudspeaker 2.It is driven by input signal 3
Dynamic loudspeaker 2, the input signal 3 is driven by amplifier 4.Controller 1 includes being disposed in the hybrid element before amplifier 4
5, the measuring signal for will be generated by measuring transmitter 6 introduces input signal.Controller 1 includes sensor 7, is configured to
It measures the voltage at 2 voice coil both ends of loudspeaker and flows through the electric current of 2 voice coil of loudspeaker.Impedance computation element 8 is configured as receiving
The voltage and current measured, and determine using measuring signal the impedance information changed over time of loudspeaker.It can basis
The impedance information changed over time, to export the displacement of loudspeaker diaphragm or relative measurement (being shown as f (X)).Therefore,
The impedance information changed over time can be controlled loudspeaker 2 by controller 1.The controller can according to it is described with
The impedance information of time change, to control input signal.
Loudspeaker 2 can be any known type.(traditional) loudspeaker 2 has the sound being connected with the cone of loudspeaker
Circle.In the presence of a magnetic field, voice coil provides power by flowing through the electric current of cone to cone, so as to provide reaction
Power.Pass through the electric current of sensor measurement flowing through voice coil and the voltage applied at voice coil both ends.Controller 1 is not needed to know and be amplified
Any physical parameter of device, for example, the mechanical quality of loudspeaker, shape or model.It can be according to the loudspeaker of operation at any time
The impedance of change exports the displacement of cone/voice coil, therefore can control the displacement in order to provide mechanical protection.It can will be with
The impedance measurements for time acquisition are used for mechanical loudspeaker protection algorism, and compared to existing method, the algorithm can have
The robustness of promotion and the computational complexity reduced.
Input signal 3 can include digital signal or analog signal.If input signal is digital signal, controller can
To include digital analog converter so that analog signal can be presented to amplifier and loudspeaker 2.Amplifier 4 can be used for sound
Any suitable type of frequency amplification.
In this embodiment, measuring transmitter 6 is configured to generate the measuring signal for including pilot tone.Pilot tone includes
Frequencyω0 sine wave (for example, 22kHz) except audio band.It should be understood that it can use in audio-band or at it
Except other frequencies.Merge pilot tone and the input signal before amplifier 4.Therefore, amplify and provide to loudspeaker 2
Input signal and pilot tone.The amplitude of pilot tone is relatively low, and in this embodiment, pilot tone comprises about the 1% of input signal.It should
It recognizes, it can be according to the dynamic range of following current/voltage sensors, to change the amplitude of pilot tone.
Impedance computation element 8 is from 7 receiving voltage of sensor and multiple instantaneous measures of electric current.Sensor can be to be more than
The frequency of measuring signal frequency comes sampled voltage and electric current.In this example, using the frequency of 96kHz.Therefore, multiple measured values
Describe the change of the voltage and current in loudspeaker 2.Sensor 7 is configurable to measure electricity at the frequency of wider range
Pressure and electric current it is alternatively possible to are configured as measuring voltage and current at the frequency of measuring signal/pilot tone.
Impedance computation element 8 is configured as each voltage and current measured value come computing impedance value.
It was found that how can be changed according to the impedance of loudspeaker and microphone Impedance with the time, export about loudspeaker
Drift information.Specifically, the inductance of voice coil can generate the information of the drift about loudspeaker, by the voice coil electricity of loudspeaker
The information of sense is included in its electrical impedance function.Impedance function can be estimated as the voltage and flowing through voice coil at voice coil both ends
The ratio of electric current.Mathematically, it can be denoted as：
Wherein V (ω), I (ω) and Z (ω) are voltage, electric current and electrical impedance of the loudspeaker voice coil under frequencies omega respectively.
Can electrical impedance be determined using a large amount of distinct methods by impedance computation element 8.In this embodiment, element 8
From 7 receiving voltage of sensor and current signal, the voltage V under frequencies omega 0 can be therefrom calculated using frequency domain estimation technique
Electric current I (ω 0) under (ω 0) and frequencies omega 0.The waveform and its frequency of 8 known pilot sound of element.In this embodiment, make
With Short Time Fourier Transform, it should be appreciated that any algorithm that can estimate impedance at specific frequency point is all applicable.
Then, element 8 can be according to above-mentioned formula (1), according to these amount ratio calculateds Z (ω 0).
When estimating impedance (according to voltage and current value) in a manner of in short-term, the plural number for the amount of changing over time can be obtained
Z(ω0).It therefore, can be according to Z (ω 0) (by using Z (ω 0) or its component (for example, its real part, imaginary part or some are other
Measured value)), export the measured value changed over time.It was found that the pass of this measured value changed over time and instantaneous diaphragm displacement X
It is for " f (X) ".The impedance of loudspeaker will change according to immediate movement.Advantageously, the impedance part of above method isolation variation,
It was found that the measured value (almost) is directly proportional to loudspeaker displacement.
Measuring transmitter 6 and impedance computation element are configurable to determine impedance using alternative method.For example,
Measuring transmitter 6 is configurable to introduce noise into the input signal in special frequency band.Noise can be with 100Hz's
Bandwidth.It is then possible to the identification technology of such as short-time estimation cross-correlation function is used to determine the Z (ω in particular frequency range
0) characteristic, in the particular frequency range, narrow-band noise is located at center.
In other examples, multiple pilot tones can be introduced.It for example, can be by three different frequencies (ω 1, ω 2 and ω 3)
Three pilot tones introduce input signal, and determine the impedance Z (ω 1) at these frequencies, Z (ω 2) and Z (ω 3).It is multiple to lead
Frequency sound can or can not be in the range of audibility.
Impedance computation element is configurable to that impedance model is made to be suitable for obtained data.Impedance model represents loudspeaker
The impedance that drift vs is changed over time.It can be according to the calibration steps based on identified impedance value, to determine the drift of loud speaker
Move limitation.Therefore, calibration steps can include measuring the impedance changed over time and such as laser displacement gauge or some acoustics
Both measured values, to determine the displacement of loudspeaker.
Controller is configurable to be used to the impedance information changed over time prevent drift element from providing feedback to other.
The displacement x that Fig. 2 is obtained can be used for changing input signal.If for example, displacement x is determined as close to loud speaker
Limitation, then can change input signal so as to by the amplitude of input signal be reduced to loud speaker limit in the range of or with
Just limited amount harmonic distortion is realized in acoustics output.Therefore, impedance value and predetermined threshold can be compared by controller,
To determine whether loud speaker limits near or above drift.
Fig. 2 shows the second embodiment of the present invention, the embodiment provides mechanical loud speaker protection.In suitable situation
Identical reference numeral can be used down.Controller 20 is substantially similar to Fig. 1 embodiments.Input signal 3 is digital signal, is being incited somebody to action
It is driven to before loud speaker 2, receives the input signal 3 by signal processor 21 to be handled.Measuring signal is sent out
Device 6 is given birth to by the digital treated input signal 3 of introducing of pilot tone.Treated input with pilot tone is sent to
Digital analog converter 22, digital analog converter 22 convert digital signals into analog signal, to be amplified by amplifier 4.It will put
Signal after big is sent to loud speaker 2.In the previous embodiment, loudspeaker voice coil voltage and current is measured using sensor 7,
The impedance measurements changed over time and possible other impedance correlation measurement values are calculated in impedance computation element 8.
In this embodiment, controller includes signal processor controller 23, and the impedance changed over time is received from element 8
Value.Signal processor controller 23 also receives one or more parameters from memory 24.The parameter can be user setting
It is or scheduled.The predefined parameter can be exported from loudspeaker correction step, to identify the relationship between displacement and impedance.Root
According to the first application of the present invention, user-defined/scheduled parameter (" P ") can be a variety of not same amounts.For example, the parameter can
To be impedance variations threshold value or boundary, the impedance variations threshold value or boundary are related to the angle of required diaphragm displacement.Alternatively,
The parameter can include the corresponding threshold value of " safety " angle with the displacement of loud speaker, non-thread in " safety " angle
Property distortion be acceptable, loud speaker be produced from it as defined in quotient limit in run.It is alternatively possible to select " stringent " drift
Threshold value is moved, under the threshold value, non-linear distortion will not be introduced, loud speaker works in a linear fashion.In addition, controller can be with
The impedance information that will be changed over time is configured to be compared with parameter.The comparison can be based on impedance, impedance real part or resistance
The size of anti-imaginary part.It is alternatively possible to the derivative (derivative) using impedance.
Signal processor controller 23 adjusts signal processor according to parameter based on the impedance measurements changed over time
21 operation.For example, if the impedance value changed over time is more than the value of parameter p settings, controller 23 can limit input
The amplitude of signal.In other embodiments, controller 23, which can cause, is filtered input signal or controller can pass through
Side chain performs dynamic range compression.
Fig. 3 shows that controlling loudspeaker provides the flow chart of the method for mechanical protection, the described method comprises the following steps.
Step 30, measuring signal is introduced to the input signal of loud speaker.In step 31, the electricity of the input signal applied to loud speaker is measured
Pressure and electric current.In step 32, according to the corresponding frequency of the measuring signal at the voltage and current that measures, determine to raise
The impedance information that sound device changes over time.In step 33, carry out controlling loudspeaker using the impedance information changed over time.
Claims (15)
1. a kind of loudspeaker controller for being used to control loudspeaker by input signal driving, including：
Measuring transmitter is configured to generate measuring signal；
Hybrid element is disposed in before amplifier, for input signal and measuring signal to be mixed；
Amplifier, for amplifying mixed signal；
Loudspeaker controller is configured as the measurement based on loudspeaker voltage and to loudspeaker electric current, and is determined using measuring signal
The impedance information that loudspeaker changes over time；And according to the impedance information changed over time, the control to loudspeaker is provided,
The impedance of the loudspeaker changes according to immediate movement, the impedance information that the loudspeaker controller relatively changes over time with it is pre-
Threshold value is determined to determine whether loud speaker limits near or above drift, what the loudspeaker controller was changed over time according to
Impedance information controls input signal.
2. loudspeaker controller according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to according to the resistance changed over time
Anti- information exports diaphragm displacement value.
3. loudspeaker controller according to claim 1 or 2 is configured to the measuring signal of preset frequency introducing loudspeaker
Input signal, and at the preset frequency measure loudspeaker loudspeaker electric current.
4. loudspeaker controller according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the controller be configured to measure loudspeaker voltage and
Loudspeaker electric current.
5. loudspeaker controller according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the controller is configured to providing to loudspeaker
During control, determine whether the impedance information changed over time has been more than predetermined threshold.
6. loudspeaker controller according to claim 5, wherein the controller is configured to more than the predetermined threshold
The loudspeaker is controlled in the case of value.
7. loudspeaker controller according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the measuring signal includes the pilot tone of preset frequency
Sound.
8. loudspeaker controller according to claim 7, wherein the frequency of the pilot tone is other than the range of audibility.
9. loudspeaker controller according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the measuring signal includes multiple pilot tones, each
Pilot tone has a different frequencies, the controller be configured to the corresponding each frequency of multiple pilot tones at determine it is described
The impedance information changed over time.
10. loudspeaker controller according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the measuring signal is included in particular frequency range
On to input signal introduce noise.
11. loudspeaker controller according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the controller is configured so that Fourier in short-term
Converter technique determines the impedance information changed over time.
12. loudspeaker controller according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the controller is configured to through opposite loudspeaker
The input signal of offer carries out acoustics signal processing, to control the loudspeaker.
13. it is a kind of for controlling the method for the output of loudspeaker, include the following steps：
Generate measuring signal；
Input signal and measuring signal are input to hybrid element；
Amplify mixed signal and export to loudspeaker；Loudspeaker electric current is measured, the loudspeaker has what is applied to it to mix
Signal after conjunction；
The resistance that loudspeaker changes over time is determined based on loudspeaker voltage and the loudspeaker electric current that measures, and using measuring signal
Anti- information；There is provided the control to loudspeaker according to the impedance information changed over time, the impedance of the loudspeaker according to
Immediate movement changes；
Compare the impedance information that changes over time and predetermined threshold determine loud speaker whether near or above drift limitation and
Input signal is controlled according to the impedance information changed over time.
14. a kind of integrated circuit, including the loudspeaker controller described in any claim in claim 1 to 12.
15. a kind of electronic equipment, the loudspeaker described in any claim including loudspeaker and in claim 1 to 12
Controller.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP13199568.0A EP2890160B1 (en) | 2013-12-24 | 2013-12-24 | Loudspeaker controller |
| EP13199568.0 | 2013-12-24 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104735600A CN104735600A (en) | 2015-06-24 |
| CN104735600B true CN104735600B (en) | 2018-06-29 |
Family
ID=49880620
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410815267.6A Active CN104735600B (en) | 2013-12-24 | 2014-12-23 | Loudspeaker controller |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US9674593B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2890160B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104735600B (en) |
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| EP2890160B1 (en) | 2019-08-14 |
| US9826294B2 (en) | 2017-11-21 |
| EP2890160A1 (en) | 2015-07-01 |
| US9674593B2 (en) | 2017-06-06 |
| US20170257686A1 (en) | 2017-09-07 |
| CN104735600A (en) | 2015-06-24 |
| US20150181318A1 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
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