CN104733748B - Medium-high-temperature fuel cell integrated operation system - Google Patents
Medium-high-temperature fuel cell integrated operation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104733748B CN104733748B CN201310723448.1A CN201310723448A CN104733748B CN 104733748 B CN104733748 B CN 104733748B CN 201310723448 A CN201310723448 A CN 201310723448A CN 104733748 B CN104733748 B CN 104733748B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention relates to a medium-high-temperature fuel cell integrated operation system. The medium-high-temperature fuel cell integrated operation system comprises a fuel cell pile, a hydrogen supply and circulating system, an air supply and circulating system, a cooling fluid circulating system, a heat exchanger and a cooling fluid circulating loop, wherein the hydrogen supply and circulating system, the air supply and circulating system and the cooling fluid circulating system are connected to the fuel cell pile; the heat exchanger is used for preheating hydrogen and air, the cooling fluid circulating loop is used for controlling the flow of the cooling fluid, the hydrogen flowing out of a pressure stabilizing valve enters the fuel cell pile by virtue of an injection pump after being subjected to heat exchanged with the heat exchanger, the air flowing out of a fan enters the fuel cell pile after being subjected to heat exchanged with the heat exchanger, and hot air discharged from an air outlet of the fuel cell pile is returned to the heat exchanger; the cooling fluid circulating loop comprises two electromagnetic control valves which are respectively connected to a cooling fluid circulating pump and a cooling fluid heat radiator and connected to a cooling fluid storage box by virtue of a circulating pipe, and all or partial cooling fluid does not enter the fuel cell pile by controlling one or two electromagnetic control valves. Compared with the prior art, the medium-high-temperature fuel cell integrated operation system has the advantages that a medium-high-temperature fuel cell is stable to operate and high in efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technical field of new energies, more particularly, to a kind of high temperature fuel cell integrated operation system
System.
Background technology
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells technology is the topmost key technology of 21 century human use's Hydrogen Energy.Many countries
The attention and support energetically of height are all given to Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells technology industrialization, and achieves many essence
The progress of property.It is contemplated that, comprehensive industrialization of the technology will produce significant impact to future world energy supply and general layout.
In modern society's life and economic construction, supply of electric power and the importance for ensureing are more and more important, while to improving power generation
With service efficiency and it is eco-friendly require degree improve constantly.The close user of distributed power generation, reduces electric power remote conveying
Send, increasingly paid attention to by various countries according to the advantage that need for electricity is adjusted flexibly.
According to the running temperature of PEM, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) can be divided into low temperature and high temperature
Two types.The running temperature of low-temperature protonic exchange film fuel battery is generally not more than 90 DEG C, with starting fast, power density
High, lightweight, small volume advantage, it is very high to the hydrogen purity requirement as fuel, the renewable energy such as suitable and solar energy
Source is connected, and unstable renewable energy conversion is stable electric energy by the high-purity hydrogen produced using electrolysis water；High temperature
The running temperature of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is at 100 DEG C to 200 DEG C, although compare low-temperature protonic exchange film fuel battery (work
Make 90 DEG C of temperature ＜) toggle speed slightly slow (needing preheating), power density it is slightly lower, but high temperature pem fuel is electric
There is very strong CO tolerance catalysts ability in pond (operating temperature 100-200 DEG C), be especially suitable for by natural gas, piped gas, methyl alcohol, third
The obtained hydrogen of the various ways such as alkane, even rubbish landfill gas and biological energy source reformation, greatly reduces fuel cell power generation
The use threshold of technology, and the high temperature due to high-temperature fuel cell operation with more than 100 DEG C, pile generates water and all vaporizes,
Fuel cell pack inner flow passage water blockoff is not resulted in, the reliability of fuel cell is greatly improved, and service life compares low temp fuel
Battery is higher by more than 10 times.Additionally, the high temperature that the operation of high temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is produced is easier to be recycled,
It is integrated into cogeneration system (CHP) and further improves its capacity usage ratio.High temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells has fortune
The advantages of row stability height, simple system, life-span length, its application is very wide, from small-sized resident's home terminal cogeneration,
To building, the distributed power generation of cell, large-scale center power station.
High temperature proton exchange film fuel cell technology is as Solid-State proton exchange membrane used in fuel cell as electrolyte
One kind, the key property of its electrolyte, the basic structure of membrane electrode (membrane electrode assembly MEA) and
The working method of fuel cell is similar with low-temperature protonic exchange film fuel battery (90 DEG C of operating temperature ＜)：Electrolyte is equally matter
Conductor, the insulator of electronics of son, and have low-down gas permeability；Membrane electrode MEA is equally its core component, membrane electrode
With elementary cell-fuel-cell single-cell that the bipolar plates of its both sides constitute fuel cell；The basic structure of membrane electrode is also
Middle PEM, film both sides are respectively attached gas diffusion layers outside negative electrode and anode electrocatalyst, anode and cathode elctro-catalyst；Work
Make process, through the gas diffusion layers for having hole to catalyst layer, the hydrogen side of fuel cell is anode to hydrogen, and catalyst makes hydrogen
Gas is separated into proton and electronics, and proton reaches negative electrode (i.e. oxygen side) by electrolyte, and electronics flows through an external circuit and arrives
Up to negative electrode, in negative electrode proton, electronics and oxygen reaction water is generated.
One typical battery stack is generally included：(1) the water conservancy diversion import of fuel and oxidant gas and flow-guiding channel, by fuel
(such as hydrogen, methyl alcohol or by methyl alcohol, natural gas, gasoline Jing after reforming the hydrogen-rich gas that obtains) and oxidant (mainly oxygen or
Air) it is uniformly distributed in the guiding gutter of each anode, cathode plane；(2) import and export of cooling fluid (such as water) are led to water conservancy diversion
Road, cooling fluid is evenly distributed in each battery pack inner cooling channel, by hydrogen, oxygen electrochemistry exothermic reaction in fuel cell
The heat absorption of generation and taking out of after battery pack is radiated；(3) fuel and the outlet of oxidant gas and corresponding flow-guiding channel,
Fuel gas, when discharging, can carry out liquid, the water of steam state generated in fuel cell with oxidant gas.Generally, will be all
Fuel, oxidant, the import and export of cooling fluid are all opened on an end plate of fuel cell unit or on two end plates.
High temperature fuel cell, running temperature is 100-200 DEG C, and cold air or hydrogen enters pile, to power generation performance
Fluctuation can be produced, generating efficiency is affected, and high temperature fuel cell is to need external power supply to produce heat to make pile temperature in startup
Degree reaches more than 100 DEG C, can startup optimization.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is exactly the defect in order to overcome above-mentioned prior art to exist and provides a kind of convenient startup and transport
The stable high temperature fuel cell integrated operation system of row.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：A kind of high temperature fuel cell integrated operation system
System, including fuel cell pack, and it is connected to the supply of the hydrogen on fuel cell pack and the circulatory system, air supply and cyclic system
The supply of system and cooling fluid circulation system, wherein hydrogen includes hydrogen gas tank, pressure-reducing valve, pressure maintaining valve, jet pump, vapour with the circulatory system
Separator, described hydrogen gas tank passes sequentially through the hydrogen inlet that pressure-reducing valve, pressure maintaining valve, jet pump are connected to fuel cell pack,
The hydrogen outlet connection steam-water separator of fuel cell pack, the gas vent connection jet pump of steam-water separator；Described air
Supply includes filter, blower fan with the circulatory system, and the entrance connection filter of blower fan, the air of outlet connection fuel cell pack enters
Mouthful；Described cooling fluid circulation system includes coolant recirculation pump, coolant storage tank, cooling water radiator, described cooling
Liquid storage tank is sequentially connected the coolant inlet of coolant recirculation pump, cooling water radiator, fuel cell pack, fuel cell pack it is cold
But liquid outlet connects coolant storage tank, it is characterised in that also include the heat exchanger preheated to hydrogen and air, and control
The coolant closed circuit of coolant rate, the hydrogen flowed out from pressure maintaining valve is entered after heat exchanger heat exchange by jet pump
Fuel cell pack, the air flowed out from blower fan enters fuel cell pack, the air outlet slit of fuel cell pack Jing after heat exchanger heat exchange
The hot-air of discharge returns heat exchanger；Described coolant closed circuit includes two solenoid electric valves and a circulation line,
The circulation line connection coolant recirculation pump and coolant storage tank, a magnetic valve a in two described solenoid electric valves sets
Put on the main pipeline of cooling fluid incoming fuel battery pile, another magnetic valve b is arranged on circulation pipe, by control wherein
One or two solenoid electric valves make all or part of not even incoming fuel battery pile of cooling liquid.
Heating tube, one or more hydrogen flow-path tube, one or more air stream deferent are provided with described heat exchanger, are changed
Hot device bottom is provided with air intake, and top is provided with air outlet and exhaust-valve；Described hydrogen flow-path tube two ends connect respectively
Connecting fan and fuel cell pack are distinguished in pressure maintaining valve and jet pump, described air stream deferent two ends, and described heating tube is external
Power supply, preheats to hydrogen and air, while reclaiming the heat of the air flowed out from fuel cell pack.
Described heating tube includes being provided with 1～20, and the power of every heating tube is 0.1～500w.
Described heating tube is quartz glass tube or aluminum fin-stock cage walls or copper clad pipe.
Temperature probe T 1 is provided with the air outlet slit of described fuel cell pack, cooling fluid exit is provided with temperature spy
Survey device T2.
Described two solenoid electric valves connection controller, controller connection temperature probe T 1 and temperature probe T 2,
When the temperature of the detection of temperature probe T 1 is less than 100 DEG C, a small amount of air and hydrogen or electric without air or hydrogen incoming fuel
Chi Dui, closes magnetic valve a, opens magnetic valve b, and coolant all returns coolant storage tank；When the temperature of temperature probe T 1 it is big
In 100 DEG C, when the temperature of temperature probe T 2 is close 100 DEG C, magnetic valve a and magnetic valve b opens and controls coolant portion simultaneously
Divide and coolant storage tank is returned by circulation line, be partially into fuel cell pack, the coolant control of incoming fuel battery pile exists
The 1～20% of coolant total flow；When the temperature of temperature probe T 2 is more than 120 DEG C, hydrogen, air normally enter fuel electricity
Chi Dui, magnetic valve a standard-sized sheets, magnetic valve b is closed, and coolant fully enters fuel cell pack, and by cooling water radiator control
The temperature of incoming fuel battery pile.
Two described solenoid electric valves can also be replaced by a triple valve.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below：Heat exchanger is set before fuel cell pack, is on the one hand passed through
Hydrogen and air preheat to suitable with fuel cell stack operation temperature, to heat fuel cell pack predetermined startup are reached by heat exchanger
Temperature (100 DEG C of ＞), on the other hand reclaims the temperature of the high-temperature gas discharged from fuel cell pack air outlet slit, realizes heat
Recycle, in case cold air incoming fuel battery pile causes fuel cell stack operation unstable.Simultaneously the present invention is provided with cold
But the loop control loop of liquid so as to which, at the fuel cell stack operation initial stage, a small amount of cooling fluid enters pile, when fuel electricity
Fuel cell pack by coolant inlet standard-sized sheet, is being fully entered when Chi Dui normally runs, energy waste is being reduced.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, a kind of 10kw high temperatures fuel cell integrated operation system, including fuel cell pack 5, its size is about
105mm × 400mm × 700mm, and the hydrogen supply being connected on fuel cell pack with the circulatory system, air supply and follow
Loop systems and cooling fluid circulation system, wherein hydrogen supply with the circulatory system including hydrogen gas tank 1, pressure-reducing valve 2, pressure maintaining valve 3, draw
Penetrate pump 4, steam-water separator 6, described hydrogen gas tank 1 pass sequentially through pressure-reducing valve 2, pressure maintaining valve 3 (by pressure stability 0.1～
1bar), jet pump 4 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of fuel cell pack 5, the hydrogen outlet connection steam-water separator of fuel cell pack 5
6, the gas vent connection jet pump 4 of steam-water separator 6, steam-water separator 6 is also connected with exhaust-valve 7, and it is single that hydrogen container 1 is also connected with band
To the hydrogen charging port 9 of valve 8；Described air supply includes filter 10, blower fan 11 with the circulatory system, and the entrance of blower fan 11 connected
Filter 10, the air intlet of outlet connection fuel cell pack 5；Described cooling fluid circulation system includes coolant recirculation pump
13rd, coolant storage tank 12, cooling water radiator 14, described coolant storage tank 12 is sequentially connected coolant recirculation pump 13, cooling
The coolant inlet of liquid radiator 14, fuel cell pack 5, the cooling liquid outlet connection coolant storage tank 12 of fuel cell pack 5；
Described system also includes the heat exchanger 15 preheated to hydrogen and air, and controls the cold of coolant rate
But liquid closed circuit, is provided with 152, two conjunctions of hydrogen flow-path tube that heating tube 151, two unites two into one in described heat exchanger 15
Two is one air stream deferent 153, and exchanger base is provided with air intake, and top is provided with air outlet and exhaust-valve 154；Institute
The hydrogen flow-path tube two ends stated connect respectively pressure maintaining valve 3 and jet pump 4, described air stream deferent two ends difference connecting fan 11
With fuel cell pack 5, the described external power supply of heating tube 151, from pressure maintaining valve 3 flow out hydrogen through heat exchanger heat exchange after, lead to
The incoming fuel battery pile 5 of jet pump 4 is crossed, the air flowed out from blower fan 11 enters fuel cell pack 5, combustion Jing after the heat exchange of heat exchanger 15
The hot-air that the air outlet slit of material battery pile 5 is discharged returns heat exchanger；Described heating tube includes being provided with 3, every heating tube
Power be 200w, hydrogen and air are preheated, at the same reclaim from fuel cell pack flow out air heat.Described
Heating tube is quartz glass tube or aluminum fin-stock cage walls or copper clad pipe.
Described coolant closed circuit includes two magnetic valves：Magnetic valve a18, magnetic valve b19, magnetic valve a18 difference
Connection coolant recirculation pump 13 and cooling water radiator 14, magnetic valve b19 is arranged on circulation pipe, and circulation pipe two ends connect respectively
Coolant recirculation pump 13 and coolant storage tank 12, and it is provided with magnetic valve 20 in the bottom of coolant storage tank 12.
Temperature probe T is provided with the air outlet slit of described fuel cell pack 5116, cooling fluid exit is provided with temperature
Degree detector T217。
Magnetic valve a18, magnetic valve b19 connect controller, controller connection temperature probe T116 and hygrosensor
T217, work as temperature probe T1When the temperature of 16 detections are less than 100 DEG C, a small amount of air and hydrogen incoming fuel battery pile, magnetic valve
A18 is closed, magnetic valve b19 full opens, and coolant all returns coolant storage tank；Work as temperature probe T116 temperature is more than
100 DEG C, temperature probe T2When 17 temperature is close 100 DEG C, magnetic valve a18 is opened part, magnetic valve b19 is opened, and is controlled cold
But the part of liquid returns coolant storage tank by circulation pipe, is partially into fuel cell pack, the coolant of incoming fuel battery pile
Control is the 10% of coolant total flow；Work as temperature probe T2When 17 temperature is more than 120 DEG C, magnetic valve a18 standard-sized sheets, electromagnetism
Valve b19 is closed, while hydrogen, air standard-sized sheet, and controls the temperature of incoming fuel battery pile by heat exchanger, now fuel cell
Power can export 0～10kw with free and stable.
Embodiment 2
By a 30kw high temperature fuel cell pack, the battery pile has that 3 10kw modular concurrents are integrated to be formed, integrated operation
System such as embodiment 1, described magnetic valve a18, magnetic valve b19 is replaced by a triple valve, and remaining is with embodiment 1.
Heating tube can be arranged as required to 1～20, and the power of every heating tube may be selected 0.1～500w.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of high temperature fuel cell integrated operation system, including fuel cell pack, and be connected on fuel cell pack
Hydrogen is supplied and the circulatory system, air supply and the circulatory system and cooling fluid circulation system, wherein hydrogen supply and cyclic system
System includes hydrogen gas tank, pressure-reducing valve, pressure maintaining valve, jet pump, steam-water separator, and described hydrogen gas tank passes sequentially through pressure-reducing valve, voltage stabilizing
Valve, jet pump are connected to the hydrogen inlet of fuel cell pack, the hydrogen outlet connection steam-water separator of fuel cell pack, carbonated drink point
Gas vent from device connects jet pump；Described air supply includes filter, blower fan with the circulatory system, and the entrance of blower fan connects
Take over filter, the air intlet of outlet connection fuel cell pack；Described cooling fluid circulation system include coolant recirculation pump,
Coolant storage tank, cooling water radiator, described coolant storage tank is sequentially connected coolant recirculation pump, cooling water radiator, combustion
The coolant inlet of material battery pile, the cooling liquid outlet connection coolant storage tank of fuel cell pack, it is characterised in that it is right also to include
The heat exchanger that hydrogen and air are preheated, and the coolant closed circuit of control coolant rate, flow out from pressure maintaining valve
After heat exchanger heat exchange, by jet pump incoming fuel battery pile, the air flowed out from blower fan is Jing after heat exchanger heat exchange for hydrogen
Incoming fuel battery pile, the hot-air that the air outlet slit of fuel cell pack is discharged returns heat exchanger；Described coolant is looped back
Road includes two solenoid electric valves and a circulation line, and the circulation line connects coolant recirculation pump and coolant storage tank, institute
A solenoid electric valve a in two solenoid electric valves stated is arranged on the main pipeline of cooling fluid incoming fuel battery pile,
Another solenoid electric valve b is arranged on circulation pipe, makes cooling liquid complete by controlling one of them or two solenoid electric valves
Portion or part not even incoming fuel battery pile.
2. a kind of high temperature fuel cell integrated operation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described heat exchange
Heating tube, one or more hydrogen flow-path tube, one or more air stream deferent are provided with device, exchanger base is provided with air and enters
Mouthful, top is provided with air outlet and exhaust-valve；Described hydrogen flow-path tube two ends connect respectively pressure maintaining valve and jet pump, described
Air stream deferent two ends difference connecting fan and fuel cell pack, described heating tube external power supply, hydrogen and air are entered
Row preheating, while reclaiming the heat of the air flowed out from fuel cell pack.
3. a kind of high temperature fuel cell integrated operation system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described heating
Pipe is provided with 1～20, and the power of every heating tube is 0.1～500w.
4. a kind of high temperature fuel cell integrated operation system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described heating
Manage as quartz glass tube or aluminum fin-stock cage walls or copper clad pipe.
5. a kind of high temperature fuel cell integrated operation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fuel
Temperature probe T 1 is provided with the air outlet slit of battery pile, cooling fluid exit is provided with temperature probe T 2.
6. a kind of high temperature fuel cell integrated operation system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described two
Solenoid electric valve connects controller, controller connection temperature probe T 1 and temperature probe T 2, when temperature probe T 1 is detected
Temperature when being less than 100 DEG C, a small amount of air and hydrogen or without air or hydrogen incoming fuel battery pile close solenoid electric valve
A, opens solenoid electric valve b, and coolant all returns coolant storage tank；When the temperature of temperature probe T 1 is more than 100 DEG C, temperature
When the temperature of detector T2 is close 100 DEG C, solenoid electric valve a and solenoid electric valve b is opened and is controlled cooling liquid part and leads to simultaneously
Cross circulation line and return coolant storage tank, be partially into fuel cell pack, the coolant control of incoming fuel battery pile is in cooling
The 1～20% of liquid total flow；When the temperature of temperature probe T 2 is more than 120 DEG C, hydrogen, air normally enter fuel cell
Heap, solenoid electric valve a standard-sized sheets, solenoid electric valve b is closed, and coolant fully enters fuel cell pack, and is radiated by coolant
Device controls the temperature of incoming fuel battery pile.
7. a kind of high temperature fuel cell integrated operation system according to claim 1 or 6, it is characterised in that described
Two solenoid electric valves can also be replaced by a triple valve.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310723448.1A CN104733748B (en) | 2013-12-24 | 2013-12-24 | Medium-high-temperature fuel cell integrated operation system |
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| CN201310723448.1A CN104733748B (en) | 2013-12-24 | 2013-12-24 | Medium-high-temperature fuel cell integrated operation system |
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| CN104733748A CN104733748A (en) | 2015-06-24 |
| CN104733748B true CN104733748B (en) | 2017-05-10 |
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| CN111452674B (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2023-10-24 | 中极氢能汽车(长治)有限公司 | Full-power hydrogen fuel cell car auxiliary group energy system cooling system |
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| CN113745567B (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2023-01-31 | 武汉氢能与燃料电池产业技术研究院有限公司 | Fuel cell power supply system based on phase change energy storage |
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