A kind of preparation method of cathode of lithium iron phosphate lithium ion battery
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of lithium ion, more particularly, to a kind of system of cathode of lithium iron phosphate lithium ion battery
Preparation Method.
Background technology
Current species and processing technique according to solvent in lithium iron phosphate battery anode formula slurry, anode sizing agent can divide oil
System(NMP is used as solvent)Slurry and water system(Deionized water is used as solvent)Slurry, aqueous slurry is due to being not related to solvent recovery
And problem of environmental pollution, and low price, it is homogenized the advantages of receiving environmental constraints less and is subject to big how many lithium cell factories favors,
But the solid matters such as conductive agent, positive active material in aqueous positive-pole slurry are difficult dispersed so that aqueous positive-pole is starched
The concordance of material is poor, and stability is not high, and sedimentation easily occurs, and so as to cause battery reversible capacity less, cycle performance is not good, greatly
Battery capacity and cycle life are have impact on greatly, therefore the solid matter being badly in need of in solution water paste is in aqueous positive-pole slurry
Scattering problem, in addition, when the lithium iron phosphate battery anode using water paste is prepared, being all generally freeze-day with constant temperature, just causing
Pole is difficult to be completely dried.
For example, Chinese patent application publication No.:CN102306782A, Shen Qing Publication day:On January 4th, 2012, disclose one
Plant lithium iron phosphate battery anode and preparation method thereof, component of the positive pole comprising following weight percents:Aqueous binders 0.5%
~1%;Conductive agent 1%~3%;Crystalline flake graphite 0.5%~2%;LiFePO4 90%~97%;Water-base cement 1%~3%, the preparation of the positive pole
Method is that each component is put in blender by high speed and stirring at low speed mix homogeneously.Which is disadvantageous in that first, this is just
Binding agent in the formula of pole is modified polyethylene glycol oxide, and the polyethylene glycol oxide adhesion strength that is modified is inadequate, it is therefore desirable to by adding
Improving adhesion strength, and after adding water-base cement, in slurry, each solid constituent is less susceptible to dispersion to water-base cement, and slurry is steady
It is qualitative not high, easily there is sedimentation, cause that battery reversible capacity is less, cycle performance is not good, leverages battery capacity and follows
The ring life-span.
The content of the invention
The present invention is to solve the cathode of lithium iron phosphate lithium ion battery of prior art each solid group in preparation process
Divide and be difficult dispersion, positive pole is difficult the problem being completely dried, there is provided a kind of preparation method of cathode of lithium iron phosphate lithium ion battery,
The preparation method processing step is simple, and in preparation process, each solid constituent is uniformly dispersed, and pole piece is dried thoroughly, is obtained using of the invention
Battery performance made by the positive pole for arriving is good.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is employed the following technical solutions:
A kind of preparation method of cathode of lithium iron phosphate lithium ion battery, comprises the following steps:
(1)Weighing:In terms of the gross mass of anode sizing agent, each component is weighed by following weight/mass percentage composition:LiFePO4 45 ~
50%, conductive agent 2 ~ 3%, aqueous binders 2 ~ 3%, ethanol 3 ~ 5%, balance of deionized water.Water paste is adopted in the present invention, should
Cost of sizing agent is low, and stability is excellent with dispersibility, and obtained battery performance is good.
(2)It is prepared by premix material:After ethanol is mixed homogeneously with conductive agent, aqueous binders and portions of de-ionized water are added,
Fineness of materials is milled to for 5 ~ 10 μm, premix material is obtained.It is very crucial the step of batch mixing in the present invention, must first by second in the present invention
Alcohol is mixed with conductive agent, due to conductive agent it is difficult to dispersed in water, is first mixed ethanol with conductive agent, is moistened can ethanol
Conductive agent, is conducive to conductive agent in the slurry dispersed, so as to uniformly be wrapped in lithium iron phosphate particles surface, and slurry
Middle addition ethanol, during high-speed stirred, slurry is not likely to produce bubble, takes off without the need for vacuum is carried out to slurry in subsequent process
Bubble process, technique is simplified, while ethanol also acts as the effect of anti-settling, can improve the stability and concordance of slurry.
(3)Once disperse:Fineness of materials is milled to after LiFePO4 is added in premix material for 5 ~ 10 μm.Once dispersion is adopted
With the mode of ball milling, granule is fully pulverized and become little particle, otherwise during follow-up twice dispersing, material is still big
Granule.
(4)Twice dispersing:By step(3)In material add planetary pulp blender in add the deionization of surpluses
Water, high-speed stirred to fineness are 10 ~ 30 μm.Remaining deionized water is initially charged during twice dispersing with diluted material, then by height
Speed stirring makes each component quick in water phase, dispersed, and the Stability of Slurry for so obtaining is good with concordance.
(5)Slowly stir:By step(4)In material 20 ~ 30min of stirring at low speed after cross 120 ~ 200 mesh sieves, obtain LiFePO4 water
Property anode sizing agent.
(6)Coating:LiFePO4 aqueous positive-pole slurry is coated uniformly on into positive collection liquid surface.
(7)Segmentation drying:By step(6)The positive collector for obtaining is placed in after being dried 5 ~ 7h at 85 ~ 90 DEG C, at room temperature certainly
So 30 ~ 60min of cooling, then dry 12 ~ 14h at 70 ~ 80 DEG C, obtains final product cathode of lithium iron phosphate lithium ion battery Jing after pressure roller.This
Invention is dried to pole piece by the way of segmentation drying, and in early stage pole piece, moisture is more, therefore can adopt the fast rapid-curing cutback of high temperature
Dry mode makes moisture evaporate rapidly, but baking temperature is too high, and drying time is long, can cause the drying of pole piece excessively,
Make coating crackle occur, dry linting phenomenon can be caused, dry linting phenomenon can be caused, after pole piece high temperature drying premenstruum, pole piece becomes
Firmly, the moisture inside pole piece can be prevented from discharging, therefore moisture slowing to external migration, rate of drying is more and more slower,
Be unfavorable for being completely dried for pole piece, mid-term by pole piece 30 ~ 60min of natural cooling at room temperature, can make pole piece internal moisture to
Outside transmission, is conducive to being completely dried for pole piece, later stage to carry out cold drying, the moisture in pole piece is fully removed.Segmentation is dry
It is dry to be completely dried pole piece, the chemical property of battery can be improved.
Preferably, the conductive agent be conductive black, superconduction carbon, electrically conductive graphite, crystalline flake graphite, in CNT one
Plant or various.
Preferably, the aqueous binders are by sodium alginate and acrylonitrile multiple copolymer LA133 in mass ratio 3:5~7
Mix.Sodium alginate and acrylonitrile multiple copolymer LA133 coordinated, bond effect is good, and low cost, sodium alginate
Except cementation, can also be filled in the gap between LiFePO4, support and buffering are provided for LiFePO4, be prevented effectively from
The aggregate that LiFePO4 is formed occurs to crush in roll-in, so as to improve the processing characteristics of electrode slice, while sodium alginate is also
Can make to be in close contact between LiFePO4 and binding agent, conductive agent, it is to avoid the polarization of pole piece, be conducive to improving chemical property.
Preferably, step(2)The quality of middle portions of de-ionized water for deionized water gross mass 30 ~ 40%.
Preferably, step(4)High speed stirring process conditions be:Revolution 20 ~ 50r/min, 1800 ~ 2500r/ of rotation
min。
Preferably, step(5)The process conditions of middle stirring at low speed are:Revolution 20 ~ 50r/min, 1000 ~ 1500r/ of rotation
min。
Preferably, step(7)During middle segmentation drying, front 5 ~ 8h once, is taken out every 3 ~ 4h afterwards every 1 ~ 2h evacuation
Vacuum is once.In stage drying, evacuation can improve drying effect to remove the moisture in dry environment.
Therefore, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1)Using ball milling and the scattered mode of high-speed stirred, and formula of size is optimized, the slurry for obtaining is stable
Property, concordance are good;
(2)Using the drying mode of stage drying, pole piece is dried complete.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be capacity made by positive pole that embodiment 1 is obtained for 1500mAh lithium ion battery at 20 ± 5 DEG C, with 1C/
Loop test figure of the 1C charge-discharge magnifications in the voltage range of 3.0 ~ 4.2V.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
In the present invention, if not refering in particular to, all percentage ratios are unit of weight, and all devices and raw material can be purchased from market
Or the industry it is conventional, the method in following embodiments if no special instructions, is this area conventional method.
Embodiment 1
(1)Weighing:In terms of the gross mass of anode sizing agent, each component is weighed by following weight/mass percentage composition:LiFePO4
45%, conductive agent 2%, aqueous binders 2%, ethanol 3%, deionized water 48%, wherein conductive agent be conductive carbon black, aqueous binders
By sodium alginate and acrylonitrile multiple copolymer LA133 in mass ratio 3:5 mix.
(2)It is prepared by premix material:After ethanol is mixed homogeneously with conductive agent, aqueous binders and portions of de-ionized water are added,
Fineness of materials is milled to for 5 μm, premix material is obtained, wherein, the quality of portions of de-ionized water is the 40% of deionized water gross mass.
(3)Once disperse:Fineness of materials is milled to after LiFePO4 is added in premix material for 5 μm.
(4)Twice dispersing:By step(3)In material add planetary pulp blender in add the deionization of surpluses
Water, high-speed stirred to fineness are 10 μm, and the process conditions of high-speed stirred are:Revolution 20r/min, rotation 1800r/min.
(5)Slowly stir:By step(4)In material stirring at low speed 20min after cross 200 mesh sieves, obtain LiFePO4 aqueous positive-pole
Slurry.
(6)Coating:LiFePO4 aqueous positive-pole slurry is coated uniformly on into positive collection liquid surface.
(7)Segmentation drying:By step(6)The positive collector for obtaining is placed in after being dried h at 85 DEG C, at room temperature natural cooling
30min, then 14h is dried at 70 DEG C, cathode of lithium iron phosphate lithium ion battery is obtained final product Jing after pressure roller, during segmentation drying, front 8h is every
Every 2h evacuation once, afterwards every 4h evacuation once.
The positive pole for obtaining is made into model 495148, nominal capacity is the lithium ion battery of 1500mAh, at 20 ± 5 DEG C,
Test is circulated with 1C/1C charge-discharge magnifications in the voltage range of 3.0 ~ 4.2V, the loop test figure such as Fig. 1 institutes for obtaining
Show.
It will be seen from figure 1 that battery is in the voltage range of 3.0 ~ 4.2V, protected with the capacity after 1C circulations 300 times
Holdup can be maintained at 89% of initial capacity or so, illustrate that the cycle performance of battery is good, that is to say, that by obtained in the present invention
Just having excellent chemical property.
Embodiment 2
(1)Weighing:In terms of the gross mass of anode sizing agent, each component is weighed by following weight/mass percentage composition:LiFePO4
47%, conductive agent 2.7%, aqueous binders 2.6%, ethanol 4%, wherein deionized water 43.7%, conductive agent are that conductive carbon black and carbon are received
Mitron(Mass ratio 1:2), aqueous binders are by sodium alginate and acrylonitrile multiple copolymer LA133 in mass ratio 3:6 mixing and
Into.
(2)It is prepared by premix material:After ethanol is mixed homogeneously with conductive agent, aqueous binders and portions of de-ionized water are added,
Fineness of materials is milled to for 7 μm, premix material is obtained, wherein, the quality of portions of de-ionized water is the 35% of deionized water gross mass.
(3)Once disperse:Fineness of materials is milled to after LiFePO4 is added in premix material for 6 μm.
(4)Twice dispersing:By step(3)In material add planetary pulp blender in add the deionization of surpluses
Water, high-speed stirred to fineness are 15 μm, and the process conditions of high-speed stirred are:Revolution 25r/min, rotation 2000r/min.
(5)Slowly stir:By step(4)In material stirring at low speed 25min after cross 150 mesh sieves, obtain LiFePO4 aqueous positive-pole
Slurry.
(6)Coating:LiFePO4 aqueous positive-pole slurry is coated uniformly on into positive collection liquid surface.
(7)Segmentation drying:By step(6)The positive collector for obtaining is placed in after being dried 6h at 87 DEG C, naturally cold at room temperature
But 35min, then 13h is dried at 75 DEG C, cathode of lithium iron phosphate lithium ion battery is obtained final product Jing after pressure roller, during segmentation drying, front 6h
Every 1.5h evacuation once, afterwards every 3.5h evacuation once.
The positive pole for obtaining is made into model 495148, nominal capacity is the lithium ion battery of 1500mAh, at 20 ± 5 DEG C,
Test is circulated with 1C/1C charge-discharge magnifications in the voltage range of 3.0 ~ 4.2V, the loop test figure for obtaining and Fig. 1 phases
Seemingly, thus here is not repeated.
Embodiment 3
(1)Weighing:In terms of the gross mass of anode sizing agent, each component is weighed by following weight/mass percentage composition:LiFePO4
50%, conductive agent 3%, aqueous binders 3%, ethanol 5%, deionized water 39%, wherein conductive agent be conductive carbon black, CNT and
Crystalline flake graphite(Mass ratio 1:2:1), aqueous binders are by sodium alginate and acrylonitrile multiple copolymer LA133 in mass ratio 3:2
Mix,.
(2)It is prepared by premix material:After ethanol is mixed homogeneously with conductive agent, aqueous binders and portions of de-ionized water are added,
Fineness of materials is milled to for 10 μm, premix material is obtained, wherein, the quality of portions of de-ionized water is the 30% of deionized water gross mass.
(3)Once disperse:Fineness of materials is milled to after LiFePO4 is added in premix material for 10 μm.
(4)Twice dispersing:By step(3)In material add planetary pulp blender in add the deionization of surpluses
Water, high-speed stirred to fineness are 10 μm, and the process conditions of high-speed stirred are:Revolution 50r/min, rotation 2500r/min.
(5)Slowly stir:By step(4)In material stirring at low speed 30min after cross 120 mesh sieves, obtain LiFePO4 aqueous positive-pole
Slurry.
(6)Coating:LiFePO4 aqueous positive-pole slurry is coated uniformly on into positive collection liquid surface.
(7)Segmentation drying:By step(6)The positive collector for obtaining is placed in after being dried 5h at 90 DEG C, naturally cold at room temperature
But 60min, then 12h is dried at 80 DEG C, cathode of lithium iron phosphate lithium ion battery is obtained final product Jing after pressure roller, during segmentation drying, front 5h
Every 1h evacuation once, afterwards every 3h evacuation once.
The positive pole for obtaining is made into model 495148, nominal capacity is the lithium ion battery of 1500mAh, at 20 ± 5 DEG C,
Test is circulated with 1C/1C charge-discharge magnifications in the voltage range of 3.0 ~ 4.2V, the loop test figure for obtaining and Fig. 1 phases
Seemingly, thus here is not repeated.
Embodiment described above is one kind preferably scheme of the present invention, not the present invention is made any pro forma
Limit, also have other variants and remodeling on the premise of without departing from the technical scheme described in claim.