CN104729542A - Embankment safety monitoring method based on self-adaption feedback-type vibrating wire sensor - Google Patents
Embankment safety monitoring method based on self-adaption feedback-type vibrating wire sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN104729542A CN104729542A CN201510081957.8A CN201510081957A CN104729542A CN 104729542 A CN104729542 A CN 104729542A CN 201510081957 A CN201510081957 A CN 201510081957A CN 104729542 A CN104729542 A CN 104729542A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an embankment safety monitoring method based on a self-adaption feedback-type vibrating wire sensor. The method comprises the steps that initial resonant frequency is taken as initial exciting frequency, and the total number of pulses N<f> needed by string wire minimum vibration is adopted to achieve self-adaption adjustment of exciting time; a double trigger mode of an interrupt counter and a time-out timer of a STM32 processor is adopted to determine the end of vibration picking, vibration picking time is counted, and vibration picking frequency is calculated according to an equal-precision frequency measuring method; a concept of a frequency difference value state S<f> is introduced, a different value between the vibration picking frequency and the exciting frequency is calculated, and the state of the S<f> is determined. When the S<f> is in an ideal state, the vibration picking frequency is the resonant frequency; when the S<f> is in a non-ideal state, the exciting frequency is updated according to a formula which is shown in a specification, and excitation is conducted again. By means of the embankment safety monitoring method based on the self-adaption feedback-type vibrating wire sensor, one-time exciting time is reduced, and the safety monitoring efficiency of an embankment is improved; equal-precision self-adaption adjustment is achieved based on a feedback-type frequency sweep method, the safety monitoring time of the embankment is shortened.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to vibrating wire sensor monitoring field, particularly a kind of embankment safety monitoring method based on self-adaptation feedback-type vibrating wire sensor.
Background technology:
Vibrating string type sensor possesses that structure is simple, good stability and accuracy of detection high, and the signal that vibrating string type sensor exports is frequency signal, because frequency signal can long range propagation, therefore vibrating string type sensor can be applied to long distance detection field.Therefore, vibrating string type sensor is widely used in the engineering safeties such as dam, bridge, subway, colliery, foundation ditch detect.
Vibrating wire sensor monitoring adopts excitation method to be generally divided into high pressure to manipulate the strings exciting and low pressure scanning frequency excitation two kinds, but these two kinds of exciting modes all exist larger limitation.High pressure exciting mode of manipulating the strings produces the pulse of high pressure exciting by high-frequency transformer string wire is vibrated, Vp-p>100V when exciting, energized string wire is exported vibrating the sine voltage signal converting free damping vibration to from sensor by inductive coil.Low pressure scanning frequency excitation selects suitable frequency band according to the natural frequency of sensor, the scanning frequency pulse string signal that frequency becomes (or diminishing) greatly is gradually applied to sensor, when the frequency of accumulation signal is close with the natural frequency of string wire, string wire can reach resonance state fast, under resonance state, amplitude is maximum, can produce larger induction electromotive force, the frequency signal signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) that sensor exports is higher and be convenient to measure.The limitation of these two kinds of exciting modes shows as respectively: high pressure is manipulated the strings mode exciting, and string wire vibration duration is short, and signal not easily picks up, and measuring accuracy is poor, and high voltage easily makes string wire accelerated deterioration cause sensor failure; Although low pressure scanning frequency excitation mode have employed low voltage excitation; protect string wire, but swept-frequency signal is the continuous impulse signal from lower-frequency limit to upper frequency limit, in order to ensure exciting effect; the pulse of each frequency will continue several cycles, and the exciting time is oversize.
The information being disclosed in this background technology part is only intended to increase the understanding to general background of the present invention, and should not be regarded as admitting or imply in any form that this information structure has been prior art that persons skilled in the art are known.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of embankment safety monitoring method based on self-adaptation feedback-type vibrating wire sensor, thus overcome above-mentioned defect of the prior art.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides
A kind of based on self-adaptation feedback-type vibrating wire sensor, comprising: vibrating string type sensor, signal processing circuit, excitation chain, STM32 processor; Described vibrating string type sensor comprises vibratory string, coil, and described coil is by circuit connection signal treatment circuit, excitation chain respectively; Described signal processing circuit comprises the prime amplifier, low-pass filter, Hi-pass filter, the Schmidt's reshaper that connect successively, and described prime amplifier is connected with coil, and described Schmidt's reshaper is connected to STM32 processor interrupt interface; Described excitation chain comprises connected current-limiting resistance, on-off circuit, and described current-limiting resistance is connected to STM32 processor PWM interface, and described on-off circuit is connected with coil; Adhesive vibratory string after described coil electricity.
Preferably, in technical scheme, on-off circuit is made up of two NPN triodes.
Based on an embankment safety monitoring method for self-adaptation feedback-type vibrating wire sensor, the steps include:
(1) initialization, the reference frequency f of setting vibrating wire sensor original state
0, upper frequency limit, lower-frequency limit; According to the frequency change direction after the stressed change of the vibrating wire sensor on dykes and dams, as frequency changes, upper frequency limit is set to f downwards
0otherwise lower limit is set to f
0, set initial excited frequency f=f
0;
(2) exciting, according to the excited frequency f of setting, according to transmission N
findividual pulse sets exciting timer, encourages vibrating wire sensor;
(3) pick-up, after exciting terminates, time delay 10ms, waits for frequency stabilization, starts pick-up; Open pick-up interface, first open timer and interrupt counter, and arrange overtime timer, time-out time is 100ms; Then by the interrupt counter statistics pulse number of STM32 processor; Finally, when time-out time to or interrupt counter capture pick-up pulse sum reach f/10 time, close timer and interrupt counter, record timer periods T and interrupt counter count value N, calculates pick-up frequency f according to equal precision measuring frequency way
s=N/T;
(4) excited frequency adjustment, calculates the difference △ f=|f of pick-up frequency and excited frequency
s-f|, determination frequency difference state S
f; Work as S
fduring for ideal state, think pick-up frequency f
sfor resonant frequency, EOP (end of program); Work as S
fduring for other states, upgrade excited frequency, more new formula is f=f ± f
deta, wherein f
detafor frequency-splitting coefficient of regime, when downward frequency sweep, " ± " is negative sign, otherwise is positive sign, and then using the f after renewal as excited frequency, repeats step (2) and step (3).
Preferably, in technical scheme, in step (2) during the setting exciting time, according to transmission N
ftime N needed for individual pulse
f/ f second, setting exciting Timer interval, STM32 processor sends exciting pulse according to excited frequency to vibrating wire sensor.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the exciting time no longer adopt traditional timing every exciting mode, but by needed for the starting of oscillation of string wire lowest reliable pulse sum N
fas the criterion of exciting time, avoid tradition timing every mode blasting at high frequencies, shortcoming underexcitation under low frequency.Reduce the time of single exciting, thus improve total work efficiency.
2, based on a vibrating wire sensor ultimate principle resonated at frequency band periphery, feedback mechanism is quoted, the frequency-splitting state S of dynamic calculation pick-up frequency and excited frequency
f, then according to S
fset frequency sweep precision, thus realize in non-resonance region, reduce frequency sweep precision (raising sweep interval), avoid unnecessary frequency sweep process; At resonance zone, improve frequency sweep precision (reduction sweep interval), guarantee the accurate reliability of frequency sweep.By such method, greatly accelerate sweep velocity, make frequency sweep process Fast Convergent, meet resonant frequency.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the embankment safety monitoring method that the present invention is based on self-adaptation feedback-type vibrating wire sensor;
Fig. 2 is the embankment safety observation circuit theory diagram that the present invention is based on self-adaptation feedback-type vibrating wire sensor;
Main Reference Numerals illustrates:
1-vibrating string type sensor, 11-vibratory string, 12-coil, 2-signal processing circuit, 21-prime amplifier, 22-low-pass filter, 23-Hi-pass filter, 24-Schmidt reshaper, 3-excitation chain, 31-current-limiting resistance, 32-on-off circuit, 4-STM32 processor.
Embodiment:
Below the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, but is to be understood that protection scope of the present invention not by the restriction of embodiment.
Clearly represent unless otherwise other, otherwise in whole instructions and claims, term " comprise " or its conversion as " comprising " or " including " etc. by be understood to include the element of stating or ingredient, and do not get rid of other element or other ingredient.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of embankment safety monitoring method based on self-adaptation feedback-type vibrating wire sensor, the steps include:
(1) initialization, the reference frequency f of setting vibrating wire sensor original state
0, upper frequency limit f
topwith lower-frequency limit f
bottom.Because different vibrating wire sensors is different according to principle of work, the change direction after string wire is stressed is also different, according to the frequency change direction after the stressed change of the vibrating wire sensor on dykes and dams, as frequency changes then f downwards
top=f
0otherwise, f
bottom=f
0.Set initial excited frequency f=f
0.
(2) exciting, according to the excited frequency f of setting, opens exciting timer, according to transmission N
ftime N needed for individual pulse
f/ f second, setting exciting Timer interval, STM32 processor sends exciting pulse according to excited frequency to vibrating wire sensor.
(3) pick-up, when exciting timer time arrives, closes exciting.Now string wire proceeds vibration due to resonant interaction, and for guaranteeing frequency stabilization, time delay 10ms, and then open pick-up interface, carries out pick-up operation.For improving sampling precision, set special timer, for recording the T.T. T that pick-up starts to terminate to pick-up; Simultaneously for avoiding the situation interrupting being counted as 0 under off-resonance situation, except opening interruption, also open overtime timer, both any triggerings all terminate pick-up operation (close and interrupt), the trigger condition of overtime timer is that time-out time reaches 100ms, the condition of down trigger interrupts counting to reach f/10, the frequency count that namely 100ms is total.Last again according to equal precision measuring frequency way calculating pick-up frequency f
s=N/T.
(4) excited frequency adjustment, first calculates the difference △ f=|f of pick-up frequency and excited frequency
s-f|.Because vibrating wire sensor is when excited frequency and resonant frequency are separated by larger, the pick-up frequency after exciting is 0 substantially, at this moment should strengthen sweep interval, avoids losing time at unnecessary frequency field; And time within the scope of resonance zone, excited frequency is the closer to resonant frequency, it is more stable that string wire plays amplitude, pick-up frequency is more close to resonant frequency, namely excited frequency is more close to pick-up frequency, at this moment should reduce sweep interval, avoids excited frequency to meet resonant frequency.According to this phenomenon, suppose setting 3 states (more multimode can be designed according to time situation, guarantee that frequency sweep is more smooth) here, as △ f<f
best(usual f
bestbe set to 1-3) time, think that exciting is satisfactory for result, survey f
sbe the resonant frequency that string wire is current; Work as f
best< △ f<f
poor(usual f
poorbe set to 50) time, think that exciting effect is general, but close to resonant frequency, at this moment should carry out exciting, f with a less sweep interval
deta=δ
a(usual δ
abe set to 1); As △ f>f
poortime, think exciting weak effect, away from resonant frequency, at this moment should carry out exciting, f with a larger sweep interval
deta=δ
b(usual δ
bbe set to 5).At determination frequency difference state S
fafter, work as S
fduring for ideal state, think pick-up frequency f
sfor resonant frequency, EOP (end of program); Work as S
fduring for other states, upgrade excited frequency, more new formula is f=f ± f
deta, when downward frequency sweep, " ± " is negative sign, otherwise is positive sign, and then using the f after renewal as excited frequency, repeats step (2) and step (3).
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of based on self-adaptation feedback-type vibrating wire sensor, comprising: vibrating string type sensor 1, signal processing circuit 2, excitation chain 3, STM32 processor 4; Described vibrating string type sensor 1 comprises vibratory string 11, coil 12, and described coil 12 is by circuit connection signal treatment circuit 2, excitation chain 3 respectively; Described signal processing circuit 2 comprises the prime amplifier 21, low-pass filter 22, Hi-pass filter 23, the Schmidt's reshaper 24 that connect successively, described prime amplifier 21 is connected with coil 12, and described Schmidt's reshaper 24 is connected to STM32 processor 4 interrupt interface; Described excitation chain 3 comprises connected current-limiting resistance 31, on-off circuit 32, and described current-limiting resistance 31 is connected to STM32 processor 4PWM interface, and described on-off circuit 32 is connected with coil 12.
Exciting, STM32 processor 4 sends the square waves of characteristic frequency according to the excited frequency of setting, and the PWM mouth that square waves is provided by STM32 processor 4 occurs.The on-off circuit 32 that PWM square wave forms by being applied to two NPN triodes after current-limiting resistance 31, when square wave is high level, vibrating wire sensor 1 coil 12 place circuit turn-on, coil 12 obtains electric adhesive vibratory string 11; When square wave is low level, unclamp vibratory string 11.PWM I/O mouth output low level is made, namely shutdown switch circuit 32 after exciting terminates.
Pick-up, loose vibratory string 11 is inhaled frequently in second step excitation phase, according to resonance principle, vibratory string 11 continues the magnetic field line keeping vibration frequency vibration sectioned coil 12, produce the sinusoidal signal of 500-3000Hz, and the electric pressure of this signal is mV, and STM32 processor 4 operating voltage grade is generally V, and institute thinks makes STM32 processor 4 end energy Obtaining Accurate information of voltage and post-processed.First amplifieroperation is carried out to this signal; Then for removing the low-and high-frequency noise in signal, signal is carried out low pass and high-pass filtering; Last current demand signal waveform is sinusoidal wave, and conveniently STM32 processor 4 detects, and is processed by filtered signal by Schmidt's reshaper 24, is converted to the square-wave signal with same frequency by sinusoidal signal.What at this moment STM32 processor 4 end obtained is exactly the square wave the same with vibratory string 11 vibration frequency, and the measurement of square wave frequency is exactly the measurement to vibratory string 11.
The aforementioned description to concrete exemplary of the present invention is to illustrate and the object of illustration.These descriptions not want the present invention to be defined as disclosed precise forms, and obviously, according to above-mentioned instruction, can much change and change.The object selected exemplary embodiment and describe is to explain certain principles of the present invention and practical application thereof, thus those skilled in the art can be realized and utilize various different exemplary of the present invention and various different selection and change.Scope of the present invention is intended to limited by claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (4)
1. based on a self-adaptation feedback-type vibrating wire sensor, it is characterized in that: comprising: vibrating string type sensor, signal processing circuit, excitation chain, STM32 processor; Described vibrating string type sensor comprises vibratory string, coil, and described coil is by circuit connection signal treatment circuit, excitation chain respectively; Described signal processing circuit comprises the prime amplifier, low-pass filter, Hi-pass filter, the Schmidt's reshaper that connect successively, and described prime amplifier is connected with coil, and described Schmidt's reshaper is connected to STM32 processor interrupt interface; Described excitation chain comprises connected current-limiting resistance, on-off circuit, and described current-limiting resistance is connected to STM32 processor PWM interface, and described on-off circuit is connected with coil; Adhesive vibratory string after described coil electricity.
2. according to claim 1 based on self-adaptation feedback-type vibrating wire sensor, it is characterized in that: described on-off circuit is made up of two NPN triodes.
3., based on an embankment safety monitoring method for self-adaptation feedback-type vibrating wire sensor, the steps include:
(1) initialization, the reference frequency f of setting vibrating wire sensor original state
0, upper frequency limit, lower-frequency limit; According to the frequency change direction after the stressed change of the vibrating wire sensor on dykes and dams, as frequency changes, upper frequency limit is set to f downwards
0otherwise lower limit is set to f
0, set initial excited frequency f=f
0;
(2) exciting, according to the excited frequency f of setting, according to transmission N
findividual pulse sets exciting timer, encourages vibrating wire sensor;
(3) pick-up, after exciting terminates, time delay 10ms, waits for frequency stabilization, starts pick-up; Open pick-up interface, first open timer and interrupt counter, and arrange overtime timer, time-out time is 100ms; Then by the interrupt counter statistics pulse number of STM32 processor; Finally, when time-out time to or interrupt counter capture pick-up pulse sum reach f/10 time, close timer and interrupt counter, record timer periods T and interrupt counter count value N, calculates pick-up frequency f according to equal precision measuring frequency way
s=N/T;
(4) excited frequency adjustment, calculates the difference △ f=|f of pick-up frequency and excited frequency
s-f|, determination frequency difference state S
f; Work as S
fduring for ideal state, think pick-up frequency f
sfor resonant frequency, EOP (end of program); Work as S
fduring for other states, upgrade excited frequency, more new formula is f=f ± f
deta, wherein f
detafor frequency-splitting coefficient of regime, when downward frequency sweep, " ± " is negative sign, otherwise is positive sign, and then using the f after renewal as excited frequency, repeats step (2) and step (3).
4. the embankment safety monitoring method based on self-adaptation feedback-type vibrating wire sensor according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in step (2) during the setting exciting time, according to transmission N
ftime N needed for individual pulse
f/ f second, setting exciting Timer interval, STM32 processor sends exciting pulse according to excited frequency to vibrating wire sensor.
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| CN106840246A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-06-13 | 中国电建集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of vibrating string type sensor work condition on-line testing method and device |
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| CN109743644A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-10 | 上海建工集团股份有限公司 | Vibratory string acquisition device and method |
| CN109799010A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-05-24 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of pressure-detecting device and method |
| CN110702150A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-01-17 | 贵州省质安交通工程监控检测中心有限责任公司 | Optimized sweep frequency excitation method for vibrating wire collector |
| CN113129853A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-16 | 深圳市左轮音乐科技有限公司 | Sound diagnosing device and using method thereof |
| CN113155157A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-07-23 | 江西武大扬帆科技有限公司 | High-precision measurement method of vibrating wire type sensor |
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| CN106647430A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2017-05-10 | 江西飞尚科技有限公司 | Monopulse excitation vibratory string sensor-based vibration exciting method |
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| CN110702150A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-01-17 | 贵州省质安交通工程监控检测中心有限责任公司 | Optimized sweep frequency excitation method for vibrating wire collector |
| CN113155157A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-07-23 | 江西武大扬帆科技有限公司 | High-precision measurement method of vibrating wire type sensor |
| CN113129853A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-16 | 深圳市左轮音乐科技有限公司 | Sound diagnosing device and using method thereof |
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