CN104729079A

CN104729079A - Hot air furnace

Info

Publication number: CN104729079A
Application number: CN201510135448.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王坤
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-03-26
Filing date: 2015-03-26
Publication date: 2015-06-24

Abstract

The invention relates to a hot air furnace. The hot air furnace comprises a furnace body, a heat exchange cavity, a hearth and a bottom cabin, wherein the heat exchange cavity, the hearth and the bottom cabin are sequentially arranged inside the furnace body from top to bottom, a coal feeding port communicated with the hearth is formed in the furnace body, a coal bucket is installed in the coal feeding port, a furnace grate is arranged between the hearth and the bottom cabin, a rotation rod is rotatably installed on the furnace body, and the cylindrical surface, located inside the hearth, of the rotation rod is perpendicularly fixedly connected with a plurality of stirring rods; a flue passage with an airflow direction being from bottom to top and an air passage with an airflow direction being from top to bottom are arranged inside the heat exchange cavity; an upper portion opening of the flue passage is communicated with a chimney at the top end of the furnace body, a lower portion opening of the flue passage is communicated with the hearth, an air blower is installed in an upper portion opening of the air passage, two pipes are led out of a lower portion opening of the air passage, one pipe is a hot air outlet pipe penetrating out of the furnace body, the other pipe is an air return pipe communicated with the bottom cabin, and a butterfly valve is installed on the air return pipe. The hot air furnace can greatly improve the combustion efficiency and the heat exchange efficiency, and is simple in overall structure and convenient to use.

Description

A kind of hot-blast stove

Technical field

The present invention relates to saving furnace field, specifically a kind of energy efficient hot air furnace.

Background technology

Hot-blast stove generally comprises body of heater, burner hearth, flue, chimney, heat exchanging chamber and blower fan etc., and burner hearth is located at lower portion of furnace body, and flue is communicated with burner hearth and chimney, and heat exchanging chamber is introduced cold wind and export hot blast after flue heat exchange.Common hot-blast stove is fuel mainly with coal, and lump coal or particulate coal render to burner hearth combustion, and send into air-breathing at burner hearth bottom or sidepiece, the heat that flue gas carries carries out heat exchange with air in heat exchanging chamber.The heat exchange efficiency in burning of coal efficiency and wind chamber is two important indicators weighing hot-blast stove quality.The heat exchange structure of the structure of body of heater internal furnace and wind chamber and flue formation directly affects above-mentioned two indices.In practice, there is following shortcoming in existing hot-blast stove: 1) coal-fired accumulation in burner hearth is burnt, and the fire coal of bottom contacts insufficient with oxygen, cause coal combustion insufficient, causes energy waste and easily produces black smoke, causing environmental pollution; 2) the wind chamber of existing hot-blast stove and flue many employings pipe type heat transfer structure, complex structure, cost is high, fragile and heat transfer effect is bad.The efficiency of combustion problem of coal and the heat exchange efficiency problem of hot-blast stove are all hot-blast stove field technical problem urgently to be resolved hurrily for a long time.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly significantly can improves efficiency of combustion and heat exchange efficiency and overall structure hot-blast stove simple, easy to use.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, hot-blast stove of the present invention comprises body of heater and is successively set on heat exchanging chamber, burner hearth and the Lower Hold in body of heater from top to bottom, body of heater offers the coal feed point be communicated with burner hearth, coal feed point is installed into coal bunker, between burner hearth and Lower Hold, fire grate is set, its design feature described body of heater is rotatablely equipped with to be driven by stirring motor and through the dwang in the middle part of burner hearth, and the dwang cylinder being positioned at burner hearth inside is vertically connected with many puddlers; Airflow direction exhaust gases passes from the bottom to top and airflow direction air duct is from top to bottom provided with in heat exchanging chamber; The upper opening of exhaust gases passes is communicated with the chimney on body of heater top, the lower openings of exhaust gases passes is communicated with burner hearth, the upper opening of air duct installs air blast, the lower openings of air duct draws two pipelines and wherein one be pass-out body of heater hot blast goes out to manage, another root is the backwind tube be communicated with Lower Hold, and backwind tube is provided with butterfly valve.

Adopt said structure, dwang is set in burner hearth, the fire coal in burner hearth is stirred evenly, be conducive to fire coal and fully contact with oxygen, avoid insufficient phenomenon of burning, effectively improve efficiency of combustion; In heat exchanging chamber, introduce air from top to bottom, because the heat in exhaust gases passes reduces from the bottom to top gradually, therefore, air is introduced into low-temperature space preheating, then enters high-temperature region and fully heat, and heat exchange efficiency is higher, and heat transfer effect is better; Arranging backwind tube can lead back in burner hearth by the hot-air after heating, realize the secondary air of burner hearth, and this secondary air is hot blast, more contributes to burning, can improve efficiency of combustion further; Control the return air amount of backwind tube by controlling butterfly valve, structure is simple, easy to operate.

The valve shaft of described butterfly valve is connected with dwang power.Wherein, the valve shaft of described butterfly valve is connected by shaft coupling with the inner extending end of dwang or is connected by gear reduction unit.Butterfly valve and dwang link, and the aperture of butterfly valve are controlled synchronous with the stirring action in burner hearth, i.e. limit stirring limit air-supply, can ensure coal-fired Thorough combustion further.Can be adjusted the speed discrepancy of puddler and butterfly valve shaft by gear reduction unit, structure is simple and manipulate convenient.

The top of described heat exchanging chamber is interval with multiple centre from top to bottom and offered the annular housing of cigarette through hole and the outer wall of annular housing and inboard wall of furnace body seal and fit, be provided with the hollow terminal pad that external diameter is less than body of heater internal diameter between two adjacent annular housings, the top of hollow terminal pad is connected with the upper ventilation duct is communicated with the annular housing above it on the position near one lateral edges, the bottom of hollow terminal pad is connected with the lower ventilation duct be communicated with the annular housing below it on the position at its another opposite side edge close; Inner chamber, the lower ventilation duct of the inner chamber of each annular housing, upper ventilation duct, hollow terminal pad gang up formation air duct successively, and formation exhaust gases passes is ganged up in each gap crossed between cigarette through hole, the outer wall of gap between annular housing and hollow terminal pad and hollow terminal pad and inboard wall of furnace body successively.Adopt this structure, the bottom-up flowing of flue gas, except the crossing cigarette through hole and to be directly communicated with chimney of top, other is crossed cigarette through hole and is all stopped by hollow terminal pad, and flue gas needs to walk around whole hollow terminal pad, what then just can enter last layer crosses cigarette through hole, namely whole hollow terminal pad envelopes by flue gas, thus can carry out more efficient heat exchange with the air in hollow terminal pad, simultaneously, This structure increases the stroke of flue gas, further ensure heat transfer effect; Same, air duct also adopts the flow passage structure of winding type of turning back, thus also can absorb the heat of flue gas to greatest extent, improves heat transfer effect.

Described Lower Hold offers the Lower Hold air inlet be communicated with backwind tube, Lower Hold air inlet is provided with can towards the upset air door of Lower Hold upset.Arranging upset air door can avoid the lime-ash in Lower Hold to enter backwind tube, ensures in backwind tube clean.

Slag net Lower Hold air inlet and Lower Hold inner chamber can isolated is installed in described Lower Hold.Arranging slag net can avoid the lime-ash in Lower Hold to enter Lower Hold air inlet, thus avoids lime-ash to enter backwind tube further, ensures that backwind tube cleans.

In sum, the present invention significantly can improve efficiency of combustion and heat exchange efficiency and overall structure is simple, easy to use.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail:

Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the furnace interior structure cross-sectional schematic in A-A direction in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the furnace interior structure cross-sectional schematic in B-B direction in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the C portion structure enlarged diagram in Fig. 1.

Detailed description of the invention

With reference to accompanying drawing, hot-blast stove of the present invention comprises body of heater 1 and is successively set on heat exchanging chamber 8, burner hearth 2 and the Lower Hold 3 in body of heater 1 from top to bottom, body of heater 1 offers the coal feed point be communicated with burner hearth 2, coal feed point is installed into coal bunker 4, fire grate 4 is set between burner hearth 2 and Lower Hold 3, body of heater 1 is rotatablely equipped with and is driven by stirring motor 5 and through the dwang 6 in the middle part of burner hearth 2, the dwang cylinder being positioned at burner hearth 2 inside is vertically connected with many puddlers 7; Airflow direction exhaust gases passes from the bottom to top and airflow direction air duct is from top to bottom provided with in heat exchanging chamber 8; The upper opening of exhaust gases passes is communicated with the chimney 9 on body of heater 1 top, the lower openings of exhaust gases passes is communicated with burner hearth 2, the upper opening of air duct is installed air blast 10, in the lower openings of air duct draw two pipelines and wherein one for pass-out body of heater 1 hot blast goes out pipe 11, another root is the backwind tube 12 be communicated with Lower Hold 3, backwind tube 12 is provided with butterfly valve 13.Wherein, butterfly valve 13 fuel tap axle drives, and can be changed the aperture of butterfly valve by the rotation of valve shaft, thus controls the return air amount of backwind tube 12.Butterfly valve 13 or can adopt motor automatically to control by Artificial Control, and in the present invention, the valve shaft of butterfly valve 13 is connected with dwang 6 power, and preferably, the valve shaft of butterfly valve 13 is connected with the inner extending end of dwang 6 by shaft coupling 14 or is connected by gear reduction unit.Butterfly valve 13 and dwang 6 link, and the aperture of butterfly valve 13 are controlled synchronous with the stirring action in burner hearth 2, i.e. limit stirring limit air-supply, can ensure coal-fired Thorough combustion further.Not shown, can be adjusted the speed discrepancy of dwang 6 and butterfly valve shaft by gear reduction unit, thus the relation between adjustment air output and mixing speed, structure is simple and manipulate convenient.

In said structure, dwang 6 is set in burner hearth 2, the fire coal in burner hearth 2 is stirred evenly, be conducive to fire coal and fully contact with oxygen, avoid insufficient phenomenon of burning, effectively improve efficiency of combustion; In heat exchanging chamber 8, introduce air from top to bottom, because the heat in exhaust gases passes reduces from the bottom to top gradually, therefore, air is introduced into low-temperature space preheating, then enters high-temperature region and fully heat, and heat exchange efficiency is higher, and heat transfer effect is better.Arrange backwind tube 12 hot-air after heating to be led back in burner hearth 2, realize the secondary air of burner hearth 2, and this secondary air is hot blast, more contributes to burning, efficiency of combustion can be improved further.

With reference to accompanying drawing, Lower Hold 3 offers the Lower Hold air inlet be communicated with backwind tube 12, Lower Hold air inlet is provided with the upset air door 21 that can overturn towards Lower Hold 3.The slag net 22 Lower Hold air inlet and Lower Hold inner chamber can isolated is installed in Lower Hold 3.Because turnover door overturns towards Lower Hold, therefore, the lime-ash in Lower Hold effectively can be avoided to enter backwind tube, ensure in backwind tube clean.The effect of slag net avoids the lime-ash in Lower Hold to enter Lower Hold air inlet, thus avoid lime-ash to enter backwind tube further, is equally also to ensure that backwind tube cleans.

In the conventional structure of boiler, in Lower Hold 3, often arrange a more than air door or air-supply structure, air door 20 as shown in Figure 1, this air door 20 can be used for burner hearth bottom blowing-in and combustion-supporting, equally also may be used for the lime-ash in Lower Hold to clear out.But when the air return function of backwind tube 12 is opened, other air door generally needs to close.Contrary, when using other air door or air-supply structure air-supply, backwind tube 12 air return function of the present invention can be closed.

With reference to accompanying drawing, the top of heat exchanging chamber 8 is interval with multiple centre from top to bottom and offered the annular housing 16 of cigarette through hole 15 and the outer wall of annular housing 16 and inboard wall of furnace body seal and fit, be provided with the hollow terminal pad 17 that external diameter is less than body of heater internal diameter between two adjacent annular housings 16, the top of hollow terminal pad 17 be connected with on the position near one lateral edges is communicated with the annular housing 16 above it upper ventilation duct 18, hollow terminal pad 17 bottom on the position at its another opposite side edge close, be connected with the lower ventilation duct 19 be communicated with the annular housing 16 below it; The inner chamber of each annular housing 16, upper ventilation duct 18, the inner chamber of hollow terminal pad 17, lower ventilation duct 19 gang up formation air duct successively, and formation exhaust gases passes is ganged up in each gap crossed between cigarette through hole 15, the outer wall of gap between annular housing 16 and hollow terminal pad 17 and hollow terminal pad 17 and inboard wall of furnace body successively.As shown in the figure, the bottom-up flowing of flue gas, except the crossing cigarette through hole 15 and to be directly communicated with chimney 9 of top, other is crossed cigarette through hole 15 and is all stopped by hollow terminal pad, flue gas needs to walk around whole hollow terminal pad 17, the cigarette of crossing that then just can enter last layer leads to, and 15, namely whole hollow terminal pad 17 envelopes by flue gas, thus more efficient heat exchange can be carried out with the air in hollow terminal pad 17, meanwhile, This structure increases the stroke of flue gas, further ensure heat transfer effect.As shown in the figure, air duct also adopts the flow passage structure of winding type of turning back, thus also can absorb the heat of flue gas to greatest extent, improves heat transfer effect.

In sum, the invention is not restricted to above-mentioned detailed description of the invention.Those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can do some changes and modification.Protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with claim of the present invention.

Claims

1. a hot-blast stove, comprise body of heater (1) and be successively set on heat exchanging chamber (8), burner hearth (2) and the Lower Hold (3) in body of heater (1) from top to bottom, body of heater (1) offers the coal feed point be communicated with burner hearth (2), coal feed point is installed into coal bunker (4), fire grate (4) is set between burner hearth (2) and Lower Hold (3), it is characterized in that described body of heater (1) is rotatablely equipped with by stirring motor (5) driving and through the dwang (6) in the middle part of burner hearth (2), be positioned on the inner dwang cylinder of burner hearth (2) and be vertically connected with many puddlers (7); Airflow direction exhaust gases passes from the bottom to top and airflow direction air duct is from top to bottom provided with in heat exchanging chamber (8); The upper opening of exhaust gases passes is communicated with the chimney (9) on body of heater (1) top, the lower openings of exhaust gases passes is communicated with burner hearth (2), the upper opening of air duct is installed air blast (10), the lower openings of air duct draws two pipelines and wherein one be that the hot blast of pass-out body of heater (1) goes out to manage (11), another root is the backwind tube (12) be communicated with Lower Hold (3), backwind tube (12) is provided with butterfly valve (13).

2. hot-blast stove as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the valve shaft of described butterfly valve (13) is connected with dwang (6) power.

3. hot-blast stove as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that the valve shaft of described butterfly valve (13) is connected with the inner extending end of dwang (6) by shaft coupling (14) or is connected by gear reduction unit.

4. hot-blast stove as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the top of described heat exchanging chamber (8) is interval with multiple centre from top to bottom and offered the annular housing (16) of cigarette through hole (15) and the outer wall of annular housing (16) and inboard wall of furnace body seal and fit, the hollow terminal pad (17) that external diameter is less than body of heater internal diameter is provided with between two adjacent annular housings (16), the top of hollow terminal pad (17) is connected with the upper ventilation duct (18) be communicated with the annular housing (16) above it on the position near one lateral edges, the bottom of hollow terminal pad (17) is connected with the lower ventilation duct (19) be communicated with the annular housing (16) below it on the position near its another opposite side edge, the inner chamber of each annular housing (16), upper ventilation duct (18), the inner chamber of hollow terminal pad (17), lower ventilation duct (19) gang up formation air duct successively, and formation exhaust gases passes is ganged up in each gap crossed between cigarette through hole (15), the outer wall of gap between annular housing (16) and hollow terminal pad (17) and hollow terminal pad (17) and inboard wall of furnace body successively.

5. hot-blast stove as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described Lower Hold (3) offering the Lower Hold air inlet be communicated with backwind tube (12), Lower Hold air inlet is provided with the upset air door (21) that can overturn towards Lower Hold (3).

6. hot-blast stove as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that being provided with the slag net (22) Lower Hold air inlet and Lower Hold inner chamber can isolated in described Lower Hold (3).