CN104728913B - A kind of solar energy heat distribution system controlled based on cloud computing intelligent - Google Patents
A kind of solar energy heat distribution system controlled based on cloud computing intelligent Download PDFInfo
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- CN104728913B CN104728913B CN201510155619.4A CN201510155619A CN104728913B CN 104728913 B CN104728913 B CN 104728913B CN 201510155619 A CN201510155619 A CN 201510155619A CN 104728913 B CN104728913 B CN 104728913B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of solar energy heat distribution system controlled based on cloud computing intelligent, heat-exchange system controller and and cooling system controller connect cloud server, cloud server is connected with heat-exchange system client, wherein the data of the second control valve opening are passed to cloud server by cooling system controller, cloud server passes data to heat-exchange system controller again, heat-exchange system controller is automatically adjusted the aperture of the first regulation valve, then passed by cloud server and give heat-exchange system client by the first control valve opening data, the data of the second control valve opening are passed to heat-exchange system client by cloud server, heat-exchange system client is manually entered parameter according to data and manually regulates the aperture of the first regulation valve.The present invention can timely adjusted valve opening, and the most manually or automatically regulate, it is achieved the effect of energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of solar energy, particularly relate to a kind of solar energy heat distribution system, belong to the field of F24J2.
Background technology
Along with the high speed development of modern social economy, the mankind are increasing to the demand of the energy.But coal, oil, sky
So the traditional energy storage level such as gas constantly reduce, the most in short supply, cause rising steadily of price, conventional fossil fuel causes simultaneously
Problem of environmental pollution the most serious, these development that the most significantly limit society and the raising of human life quality.The energy
Problem has become as one of distinct issues of contemporary world.Thus seek the new energy, the most free of contamination cleaning energy
Source has become the focus of present people research.Solar energy is a kind of inexhaustible clean energy resource, and stock number
Huge, the solar radiant energy total amount that earth surface is received every year is 1 × 1018KW h, for more than the 10000 of world's year consumption gross energy
Times.Countries in the world the most utilizing as important of new energy development using solar energy, the Chinese government is at " government work report
Accuse " the most clearly propose actively to develop new forms of energy, wherein the utilization of solar energy is especially in occupation of prominent position.Yet with
Solar radiation arrives tellurian energy density little (about a kilowatt every square metre), and is again discontinuous, and this gives extensive
Exploitation bring certain difficulty.Therefore, in order to extensively utilize solar energy, technical problem, Er Qie are not only solved
Economically must be able to same conventional energy resource compete mutually.The utilization of solar energy mainly have photothermal conversion, photoelectric conversion, Photochemical convertion this
Three kinds of forms.Compared to the sky high cost of solar photovoltaic industry and Photochemical convertion and low energy conversion efficiency, solar energy
Thermal transition is that a kind of energy conversion efficiency and utilization rate be high and Solar use with low cost, that can be widely popularized in the whole society
Mode.
Traditional solar energy system includes home server.Home server receives the information that controller sends, by this
The operating scheme that in ground server, pre-set control programs and parameter obtain, the operating scheme that controller obtains according to home server
Control residual heat system to run, i.e. control program and the parameter only in presetting in home server of running of solar energy system obtains
The operating scheme arrived runs.But, system for field complex is changeable, and the operating scheme obtained when home server cannot meet
During the demand of field conditions, attendant is needed to arrive at the on-the-spot control program updating home server and parameter, in order to local
Server is met the operating scheme of field conditions, it is impossible to adjust the control program in home server and parameter neatly.
I.e. solar energy system very flexible.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of new solar energy intelligence control system.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme is as follows:
The heating system of the solar energy Based Intelligent Control of a kind of cloud computing, described heating system includes solar energy system, described
Solar energy system includes heat collector, water pump, water water-to-water heat exchanger, and heat collector absorbs the hot water of solar energy post-heating and enters water water heat exchange
Device, adds the water in the cold-water return pipe in hot water water-to-water heat exchanger, and the backwater after heat exchange returns to heat collector by water pump Posterior circle；
First regulation valve is set on hot water feeding pipe, enters the hot water in heat exchanger with regulation；
The inlet pipeline of radiator arranges the second regulation valve, Programmable Logic Controller and the first regulation valve and the second regulation
Valve carries out data cube computation, and during the second control valve opening change, the aperture of the first regulation valve changes accordingly, so that input heat is handed over
The hot water of parallel operation changes accordingly；
Described system heat-exchange system controller and and cooling system connection cloud server, cloud server and heat-exchange system
Client connects, and wherein the data of the second control valve opening are passed to cloud server, cloud service by cooling system controller
Device passes data to heat-exchange system controller again, and heat-exchange system controller is automatically adjusted the aperture of the first regulation valve, then leads to
Cross cloud server biography and give heat-exchange system client by the first control valve opening data.
The data of the second control valve opening are passed to heat-exchange system client, heat-exchange system visitor by preferably cloud server
Family end is manually entered parameter according to data and manually regulates the aperture of the first regulation valve.
The most described system includes that heat collector, described heat collector include thermal-collecting tube, reflecting mirror and collecting plate, adjacent two
Connected by collecting plate between thermal-collecting tube, so that forming tube plate structure between multiple thermal-collecting tube and adjacent collecting plate；Described
Between two pieces of tube plate structures, shape is at a certain angle, and described angle direction is relative with the circular arc line structure of reflecting mirror, reflecting mirror
Focus is between the angle that tube plate structure is formed；The focus of reflecting mirror is positioned at the midpoint of two pieces of tube plate structure least significant end lines
On；The circular arc line radius of reflecting mirror is R, a length of R1 of every piece of tube plate structure, and the radius of thermal-collecting tube is R2, same tube plate structure
The distance in the center of circle of upper Neighbor Set heat pipe is L, and the angle between two pieces of tube plate structures is a, then meet equation below:
R1/R=c*sin(a/2)b,
0.18 < R2/L < 0.34,
Wherein c, b are coefficient, 0.39 < c < 0.41,0.020 <b < 0.035;
0.38 < R1/R < 0.41,80 °≤A≤150 °, 450mm < R1 < 750mm, 1100mm < R < 1800mm,
90mm<L<150mm,20mm<=R2<50mm。
Preferably c=0.4002, b=0.0275.
Compared with prior art, present invention have the advantage that:
1) control system based on cloud computing cloud server should be used to substitute traditional home server.Work as operating scheme
When being unsatisfactory for field demand, directly can update the control program in cloud server and ginseng by Ethernet according to field demand
Number, cloud server is by being connected to reach the control to system with controller with mobile network.I.e. update control program and parameter
Time, directly by updating with network, go to on-the-spot renewal without attendant, motility is strong.
2) structure and the best relation formula of optimal solar thermal collector is drawn by numerous studies.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of solar energy system of the present invention
Fig. 2 is another schematic diagram of solar energy system of the present invention
Fig. 3 is the schematic cross-section of solar energy collector system
Fig. 4 is the structural section schematic diagram of solar energy heat collection pipe
Fig. 5 is the schematic cross-section of solar energy collector system
Fig. 6 is the schematical top view of thermal-collecting tube
Fig. 7 is solar energy system cloud computing operational flow diagram
Fig. 8 is heat-exchange system cloud computing operational flow diagram
Fig. 9 is cooling system cloud computing operational flow diagram
Reference is as follows:
1 heat collector, 2 inlet temperature sensors, 3 outlet temperature sensors, 4 effusion meters, 5 water pumps, 6 water water-to-water heat exchangers, 7 heat
Water feed pipe, 8 cold-water return pipes, 9 regulation valves, 10 effusion meters, 11 inflow temperature sensors, 12 leaving water temperature sensors, 13 heat
Exchanger, 14 heat user feed pipes, 15 heat user return pipes, 16 circulating pumps, 17 calorimeters, 18 heat-exchange system PLC technology
Device, 19 cooling system Programmable Logic Controllers, 20 reflecting mirrors, 21 thermal-collecting tubes, 22 collecting plates, 23 headers, 24 headers, 25 heat collectors enter
Water pipe, 26 heat collector outlets, 27 solar energy system Programmable Logic Controllers, 28 cloud servers, 29 heat-exchange system clients, 30
Cooling system client, 31 solar energy system clients, 32 user's radiator inlet temperature sensors, 33 user's radiator outlet
Temperature sensor, 34 user's radiator effusion meters, 35 calorimeters, 36 user's radiator valves, 37 calorimeters, 38 auxiliary heating
Equipment.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described in detail.
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of solar energy intelligently-controlled heating system includes solar energy system, heat-exchange system and heat radiation system
System, wherein carries out heat exchange by water water-to-water heat exchanger 8 between solar energy system with heat-exchange system and associates, heat-exchange system and cooling system
Between carry out heat exchange connection by heat exchanger 13.
Preferably, described system farther includes solar energy system Programmable Logic Controller 27, solar energy system programmable control
Device 27 processed connects cloud server 28, and cloud server 28 is connected with solar energy system client 31.Wherein solar energy system can
The data of measurement are passed to cloud server 28 by programmable controller 27, then send solar energy system to by cloud server 28
System client, solar energy system client 31 can obtain the operation information of solar energy system, solar energy system operator in time
The operation information that can also be obtained by solar energy system client 31, controls parameter by solar energy system client 31 input
It is controlled.
Preferably, described system farther includes heat-exchange system controller 18, and heat-exchange system controller 18 connects high in the clouds clothes
Business device 28, cloud server 28 is connected with heat-exchange system client 29.Wherein heat-exchange system controller 18 is by the data measured, control
The information of system passes to cloud server 28, then sends heat-exchange system client 29, heat exchange system to by cloud server 28
System client 29 can obtain the operation information of heat-exchange system in time, and heat-exchange system operator can also pass through heat-exchange system client
The operation information that end 29 obtains, controls parameter by heat-exchange system client 29 input and is controlled.
Preferably, described system farther includes cooling system controller 19, and cooling system controller 19 connects high in the clouds clothes
Business device 28, cloud server 28 is connected with cooling system client 30.Wherein cooling system controller 19 is by the data measured, control
The information of system passes to cloud server 28, then sends cooling system client 30, heat radiation system to by cloud server 28
System client 30 can obtain the operation information of cooling system in time, and heat user can also be obtained by cooling system client 30
Operation information, by cooling system client 30 input control parameter be controlled.
Preferably, described cloud server is connected by Ethernet with described controller.
Preferably, described controller 27,18,19 includes the first communication unit respectively；Described cloud server 28 includes
Two communication units；First communication unit of described controller is connected with the second communication unit of described cloud server 28.Such as
ICP/IP protocol can be used between one communication unit and the second communication unit to connect.
As it is shown in figure 1, the heating system of described solar energy Based Intelligent Control, described heating system includes solar energy system, institute
Stating solar energy system and include heat collector 1, water pump 5, water water-to-water heat exchanger 6, heat collector 1 absorbs the hot water of solar energy post-heating and enters water
Water-to-water heat exchanger 6, adds the water in the cold-water return pipe in hot water water-to-water heat exchanger 6, and the backwater after heat exchange is returned to by water pump 5 Posterior circle
Heat collector 1.
Described water water-to-water heat exchanger 6 connects hot water feeding pipe 7 and cold-water return pipe 8, cold water and the sun in water water-to-water heat exchanger 6
The hot water being provided that carries out heat exchange, produces hot water.
Preferably, water water-to-water heat exchanger 6 is shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
As it is shown in figure 1, described system farther includes hot water feeding pipe 7, cold-water return pipe 8, regulation valve 9, inflow temperature
Sensor 11, leaving water temperature sensors 12, heat exchanger 13, heat user flow pipe 14, heat user return pipe 15, user's heat radiation
Device, circulating pump 16, effusion meter 10, calorimeter 17, Programmable Logic Controller 18, described hot water feeding pipe 7 is with heat exchanger 13 even
Connect, hot water feeding pipe 7 arranges regulation valve 9, for regulating the flow of the hot water entering heat exchanger 13, regulation valve 9 He
Inflow temperature sensor 11 is set on the pipeline between heat exchanger 13, for measuring the inflow temperature of heat exchanger 13；Water inlet
Temperature passes to solar energy system client 31 by cloud server 31.
Heat exchanger 13 is connected with heat user feed pipe 14 and heat user return pipe 15, heat user feed pipe 14 and heat user
Between return pipe 15 connect heat user radiator (seeing Fig. 1), the water of heat user return pipe 15 by with in heat exchanger 13
The hot water that steam-water heat exchanger provides carries out heat exchange, is arrived in user's radiator by heat user feed pipe 14 and supplies
Warm；Described circulating pump 16 is arranged on heat user return pipe 15；
Heat exchanger 13 is connected with cold-water return pipe 8, arranges effusion meter 10 on cold-water return pipe 8, is used for detecting cold water
The flow of the water in return pipe 8；Leaving water temperature sensing is set on the cold-water return pipe 8 between effusion meter 10 and heat exchanger 13
Device, for measuring the leaving water temperature of heat exchanger 13；The flow of water and leaving water temperature pass to the sun by cloud server 31
Can system client 31.
Heat user radiator is the multiple of parallel connection, and Fig. 1-2 show only two, but be not restricted to that two, for convenience,
The associated components related in radiator parallel transistor in Fig. 1-2, such as temperature sensor, effusion meter etc. show only one.
Effusion meter 34 is set on the outlet pipe of each heat user radiator, for detecting the flow of the water in radiator,
The water inlet of each heat user radiator and outlet are respectively provided with inflow temperature sensor 32 and leaving water temperature sensors 33,
Be respectively used to detect the inflow temperature of radiator and leaving water temperature, calorimeter 35 respectively with effusion meter 34, inflow temperature sensor
33 and leaving water temperature sensors 34 data cube computation, for calculating the heat that heat user expends；Entering of each heat user radiator
All it is provided with flow control valve 36 on water pipe, enters the flow of the water of radiator, described Programmable Logic Controller for individually regulation
19 with calorimeter 35, regulation valve 36 data cube computation, for solar energy intelligently-controlled heating system is automatically controlled；Calorimeter
The data that the heat of user uses are passed to Programmable Logic Controller 19 by 35, the heat that Programmable Logic Controller 19 is bought according to user
Contrasting with currently used heat, if heat has run out, Programmable Logic Controller 19 controls to adjust valve 36 to be carried out completely
Close.The information of above-mentioned measurement and heat use information can pass to cooling system client by cloud server 31.
Above-mentioned solar energy intelligently-controlled heating system can also include display operating panel, and display operating panel class is permissible
Carry out inquiring about, paying the fees the operations such as purchase heat for user.
Calorimeter can be real-time the heat that user uses is supplied to Programmable Logic Controller, it is also possible to according to time certain
Between provide, such as every day carries out lump-sum settlement.
Programmable Logic Controller 19 calculates the remaining heat of user automatically, when user's heat surplus reaches the first data
Waiting, Programmable Logic Controller adjusts regulation valve 36 to the first aperture less than normal aperture；Reach to be less than in user's heat surplus
The when of first data the second data, Programmable Logic Controller adjusts regulation valve to the second aperture less than the first aperture；User
The when that heat surplus reaching less than the second data three data, Programmable Logic Controller adjusts regulation valve to less than the second aperture
The 3rd aperture；User's heat surplus reaches less than the 3rd data four data when, Programmable Logic Controller adjusts to be adjusted
Joint valve is to the 4th aperture less than the 3rd aperture；User's heat surplus reaches less than the 4th data five data when,
Programmable Logic Controller adjusts regulation valve to the 5th aperture less than the 4th aperture；Reach less than the 5th number in user's heat surplus
The when of according to six data, Programmable Logic Controller adjusts regulation valve to the 6th aperture less than the 5th aperture；Finally in user's heat
The when that amount surplus reaching close to zero, Programmable Logic Controller adjusts regulation valve and completely closes.
Programmable Logic Controller 19 is progressively closed regulation valve by above-mentioned and reduced the operation running power of pump, Ke Yishi
Heating stopping progressively, such user just can feel that heating amount is gradually declining, so that it knows the heat that you buy
Amount has been closed on and has been finished, and needs to buy as early as possible.
Above-mentioned operation can complete in certain period of time, completes, so use in the most several days or in the week
The minimizing of heating amount could be gradually felt at family, thus reminds him actively to buy heat.
Preferably, cooling system client is mobile terminal.
Above-mentioned user operation can be realized by cooling system client, thus realizes without cassette heat toll administration system
System, it is achieved that the nothing card transmission that charge and heat supply network are supplemented with money, heat user obtains the payment obtained according to payment number after payment
Password, and supplement with money in unit operation management program within a certain period of time, supplement the rear amount of money with money and all lost efficacy with password, thus greatly
Reduce greatly the financial risks in heat supply network charge.Certainly, user can also directly use Web bank by real operation panel
Carry out buying operation.
Described solar energy system includes inlet temperature sensor 2, outlet temperature sensor 3, effusion meter 4, calorimeter 6, auxiliary
Firing equipment 38, inlet temperature sensor 2 and outlet temperature sensor 3 is helped to be separately positioned on the import of water water-to-water heat exchanger 6 and go out
Mouthful, it is respectively used to measure the temperature of the water of the inlet and outlet of water water-to-water heat exchanger 6；Effusion meter 4 is arranged on going out of water water-to-water heat exchanger
The position of mouth, for measuring the flow of the water on solar energy system pipeline, calorimeter 6 and inlet temperature sensor 2, outlet temperature
Sensor 3 and effusion meter 4 data cube computation, calculate water water by inlet temperature sensor 2, outlet temperature sensor 3 and effusion meter 4
The heat exchange amount of heat exchanger 6.
Preferably, described solar energy system includes inlet temperature sensor 2, inlet temperature sensor 2 and PLC technology
Device eighteen data connects, the temperature of the water of the import of the water water-to-water heat exchanger 8 that Programmable Logic Controller 18 is measured according to inlet temperature sensor
Degree decides whether to start ancillary heating equipment 38.If the temperature of the water of import is less than predetermined value, the most automatically starts auxiliary and add
Hot equipment.The data of measurement can be passed to solar energy system client by this information, and client passes through cloud according to measurement data
Calculation server operates startup ancillary heating equipment.
Preferably, described solar energy system includes inlet temperature sensor 2, outlet temperature sensor 3, effusion meter 4, heat
Table 37 and ancillary heating equipment 38.Inlet temperature sensor 2 and outlet temperature sensor 3 are separately positioned on water water-to-water heat exchanger 6
Inlet and outlet, is respectively used to measure the temperature of the water of the inlet and outlet of water water-to-water heat exchanger 6；Effusion meter 4 is arranged on water water and changes
The position of the outlet of hot device, for measuring the flow of the water on solar energy system pipeline, calorimeter 37 and inlet temperature sensor
2, outlet temperature sensor 3 and effusion meter 4 data cube computation, by inlet temperature sensor 2, outlet temperature sensor 3 and flow
The heat exchange amount of meter 4 calculating water water-to-water heat exchanger 6.Calorimeter 37 is connected with Programmable Logic Controller eighteen data, Programmable Logic Controller according to
The heat exchange amount of the unit interval that calorimeter 37 calculates decides whether to start ancillary heating equipment 38.If the heat exchange amount calculated is little
In predetermined value, then Programmable Logic Controller 18 starts ancillary heating equipment 38, with the water on heating solar pipeline.
As one preferably, ancillary heating equipment is electric heating equipment.
Having choosing as another, ancillary heating equipment is boiler.
As preferably, described Programmable Logic Controller 18 and calorimeter 17 carry out data cube computation, described calorimeter 17 and water inlet
Temperature sensor 11, leaving water temperature sensors 12 and effusion meter 10 carry out data cube computation, and according to the inflow temperature measured, water outlet
The flow of temperature and water calculates the total amount of heat inputing to user；Expended by the total amount of heat and user calculating input user
The contrast of total amount of heat, can calculate thermal loss rate, if loss rate is excessive, then in time system should be carried out scale removal work
Make, the cost of reasonable computation units of heat can also be carried out simultaneously according to thermal loss rate.
In like manner, with the total amount of heat contrast of input user, heat can be calculated by calculating the heat exchange amount of water water-to-water heat exchanger 6
Amount loss rate, if loss rate is excessive, then should carry out scale removal work to system in time.The heat exchange amount of water water-to-water heat exchanger 6 uses
Temperature sensor and the data of flowmeter survey above calculate.Scale removal work can also by client enter data to into
Row manual scale removal work.The total amount of heat of above-mentioned user and the total amount of heat of water water-to-water heat exchanger all pass to change by cloud server
Hot systems client.
Described heat-exchange system controller and and cooling system connection cloud server, cloud server and heat-exchange system client
End connects, and wherein the total amount of heat data of measurement are passed to cloud server by heat-exchange system controller, and cooling system controller will
The total amount of heat that heat user expends passes to cloud server, then sends heat-exchange system client to by cloud server,
Heat-exchange system client calculates thermal loss rate, and heat-exchange system client can obtain thermal loss rate in time.Heat-exchange system is grasped
The thermal loss rate that author can also be obtained by heat-exchange system client, manually boots scale removal work by heat-exchange system client
Make.
The total amount of heat that heat user expends can be by calculating the heat that each user expends, and then summation obtains, Mei Geyong
The heat that family is expended can be obtained by calorimeter 35.
Described Programmable Logic Controller 18 carries out data cube computation with regulation valve 9, when the regulation valve 36 of radiator is because of user's
Heat consumption complete or will consume complete and when causing aperture to change, now, Programmable Logic Controller 18 is according to regulation valve 36
Aperture be automatically adjusted regulation valve 9 aperture so that the hot water of input heat exchanger 13 changes accordingly, such as, subtract accordingly
Few, to save the energy.This work can also be operated by client.
Described system heat-exchange system controller and and cooling system connection cloud server, cloud server and heat-exchange system
Client connects, and wherein the data of the second control valve opening are passed to cloud server, cloud service by cooling system controller
Device passes data to heat-exchange system controller again, and heat-exchange system controller is automatically adjusted the aperture of the first regulation valve, then leads to
Cross cloud server biography and give heat-exchange system client by the first control valve opening data.
As preferably, the data of the second control valve opening are passed to heat-exchange system client, heat exchange system by cloud server
System client is manually entered parameter according to data and manually regulates the aperture of the first regulation valve.
Certainly, the data of all of measurement noted earlier can be sent to corresponding client by cloud server
End, corresponding client can receive the measurement data of the system of correspondence timely, it might even be possible to realizes solar energy system, heat exchange
The data that system and cooling system are measured are shared the most mutually.The information of above-mentioned all controls can be by corresponding
Client input corresponding parameter, then send corresponding controller to by cloud server and carry out long-range craft control
System, including the operation of switch related system.Certainly, operator can be measured the most accordingly by corresponding client
Parameter.
As it is shown on figure 3, solar energy system, including collector system, described collector system includes heat collector, heat collector bag
Include thermal-collecting tube 21, reflecting mirror 20 and collecting plate 22, connected by collecting plate 22 between two adjacent thermal-collecting tubes 21, so that many
Tube plate structure is formed between individual thermal-collecting tube 21 and adjacent collecting plate 22；Described solar energy collector system includes two pieces of tube sheet knots
Structure, shape a at a certain angle between described two pieces of tube plate structures, as shown in Figure 4, described angle direction and the circular arc line of reflecting mirror
The direction of structural bending is relative, and focus D of reflecting mirror 20 is between the angle a that tube plate structure is formed.
Traditional heat collector is all to be set directly in focus by thermal-collecting tube, and once position offsets, then heat is the most not
Can thermal-arrest in thermal-collecting tube, by said structure, sunlight, at reflecting mirror 20, reflexes to tube sheet by reflecting mirror 20 and ties
Structure, by the thermal-collecting tube 21 in heat thermal-arrest to tube plate structure.By this structure, even if because installation or operation problem are led
Cause tube plate structure position to change, then solar energy still can thermal-arrest in thermal-collecting tube 21, thus avoid thermal loss；Simultaneously because of
It is all that thermal-collecting tube is set directly in focus for traditional heat collector, causes thermal-collecting tube hot-spot, cause thermal-collecting tube local
Losing excessive, the life-span is too short, even causes thermal-collecting tube over-heat inside, produces superheated steam, is full of whole thermal-collecting tube, causes thermal-arrest
Pipe internal pressure is excessive, damages thermal-collecting tube, and takes the structure of the application, both can sufficiently have been absorbed by heat, again can be by
The dispersion that heat is relative, it is to avoid heat is excessively concentrated so that overall thermal-collecting tube heat absorption uniformly, extends the service life of thermal-collecting tube.
As one preferably, focus D of reflecting mirror 20 is positioned on the midpoint of two pieces of tube plate structure least significant end lines.By upper
State setting, it is ensured that absorb solar energy to the full extent, it is to avoid solar energy loses because of focal shift, also ensure that simultaneously
Platy structure is likely to reduced the irradiation blocked sunlight on reflecting mirror 20 as far as possible.It is experimentally confirmed, uses said structure, too
The absorbent effect of sun is best.
In practice, it has been found that the caliber of thermal-collecting tube 21 can not be excessive, if caliber is excessive, then the water in thermal-collecting tube 21 can not
Sufficiently heat, cause heats very poor, otherwise caliber is too small, then the water in thermal-collecting tube can be overheated, in like manner, for collection
Distance between heat pipe 21 also meets requirement, if the distance between thermal-collecting tube 21 is excessive, then and the volume of the water in thermal-collecting tube 21
Too small, water can be caused overheated, equally, if the distance between thermal-collecting tube 2 is too small, then thermal-collecting tube distribution is the closeest, causes thermal-collecting tube
Water in 21 is unable to reach predetermined problem, or is necessarily required to the most extra auxiliary heating tool；For tube plate structure
Length, also meet certain requirements, if tube plate structure is oversize, then can shelter from the too much sunlight being irradiated to reflecting mirror 20,
The heat causing heat collector to absorb sunlight reduces, and causes and reaches preferable heating state, if the length of tube plate structure is too small, then
Cause too much solar energy heating to the thermal-collecting tube of little area, cause thermal-collecting tube to be heated concentration, but also a part can be caused
The solar energy of thermal-arrest does not directly have thermal-arrest in thermal-collecting tube, but directly reflexes to outside；For angle a, same principle, as
Really angle is excessive, and portion launches excessive to area the most on the mirror, then can shelter from the too much sunlight being irradiated to reflecting mirror 20,
If angle area is too small, then there will be the solar energy of a part of thermal-arrest does not directly have thermal-arrest in thermal-collecting tube, but the most anti-
It is mapped to outside, causes the loss of heat.Therefore for the distance between the length of tube plate structure, thermal-collecting tube internal diameter, thermal-collecting tube, pipe
Angle between plate structure, circular arc line radius meet following relation:
The circular arc line radius of reflecting mirror is R, a length of R1 of every piece of tube plate structure, and the radius of thermal-collecting tube is R2, same pipe
In plate structure, the distance in the center of circle of Neighbor Set heat pipe is L, and the angle between two pieces of tube sheets is a, then meet equation below:
R1/R=c*sin(a/2)b,
0.18 < R2/L < 0.34,
Wherein c, b are coefficient, 0.39 < c < 0.41,0.020 <b < 0.035;
0.38 < R1/R < 0.41,80 °≤A≤150 °, 450mm < R1 < 750mm, 1100mm < R < 1800mm,
90mm<L<150mm,20mm<=R2<50mm。
As preferably, c=0.4002, b=0.0275.
As preferably, along with the increase of angle a, the coefficient of c, b becomes larger.The most more meet the need of real work
Want.
As preferably, the lower wall surface (face relative with reflecting mirror 20) of tube plate structure is provided for the convex of augmentation of heat transfer
Rise, to strengthen the absorption to solar energy.Along tube plate structure middle part (i.e. extreme higher position) to both sides extreme lower position (i.e. Fig. 3 collect
Heat pipe A is to B, C direction) on bearing of trend, the height of projection of the lower wall surface of thermal-collecting tube is more and more higher.Find in an experiment, therefrom
Portion extends to both sides, and caloric receptivity gradually rises, and is because the stop of tube plate structure by analyzing main cause, causes middle part to be subject to
Heat is minimum, and extends to both sides from middle part, absorbs heat and gradually rises.By the continuous rising of height of projection, so that
In whole thermal-collecting tube, water is heated evenly, it is to avoid both sides temperature is too high and medium temperature is too low.So can also avoid centre
The material of thermal-collecting tube is at high temperature easily damaged, and can keep the homogeneous temperature of whole thermal-collecting tube, increase the service life.
As preferably, along the link position (i.e. the middle part of tube plate structure) of two pieces of tube plate structures to both sides (i.e. Fig. 3 thermal-arrest
Pipe A is to B, C direction) extend, the density of protrusions of the lower wall surface of thermal-collecting tube is more and more higher.Main cause be middle part be heated minimum, and
Extend from middle part to both sides, absorb heat and gradually rise.By the continuous rising of density of protrusions, so that whole thermal-collecting tube
Being heated evenly of middle water, it is to avoid medium temperature is too low and both sides temperature is too high.So can also avoid the material of the thermal-collecting tube of centre
Material is at high temperature easily damaged for a long time, can keep the homogeneous temperature of whole thermal-collecting tube, increase the service life.
As preferably, the inwall of thermal-collecting tube 21 can arrange fin, such as, can arrange straight fins or helical fin, no
Different with the fin height in thermal-collecting tube, along the link position (i.e. the middle part of tube plate structure) of two pieces of tube plate structures to both sides
(i.e. Fig. 1 thermal-collecting tube A is to B, C direction) extends, and the height of fin gradually decreases.Main cause is and the reason above arranging projection
Identical.
Tube plate structure surface coating heat-sink shell, described heat-sink shell outwards includes transition zone, infrared in tube plate structure successively
Reflectance coating, heat absorbing coating, antireflection coatings and protective layer, wherein transition zone, infrared reflection coating, heat absorbing coating, antireflective
The thickness of coating and protective layer is 0.03um, 0.23um, 0.77um, 0.15um, 0.12um respectively；Described transition zone is to pass through
The transition zone of the compound that MF reactive magnetron sputtering method deposition metal Al, Si are formed with N；Described infrared reflection coating is from interior
Being outwards W, Cr, Ag tri-layers, the thickness proportion of three layers is 9:4:7；Heat absorbing coating include the most successively Cr, Nb, Zr, NbN,
Cr2O3Five layers, the thickness proportion of three layers is 9:7:4:4:5；Antireflection coatings is AlN, TiO the most successively2, Nb2O5、
Al2O3, and Si3N4Five layers, wherein the thickness proportion of five layers is 3:6:8:9:2；The composition of protective layer is identical with transition zone.
In above layers, by strengthening the thickness proportion of heat absorbing coating, reduce infrared reflecting layer and the thickness of antireflection layer,
The absorption to solar energy can be significantly increased, meanwhile, by adjusting the material of each layer of infrared reflecting layer and antireflection layer
Thickness proportion, it is also possible to realize reducing the degree to the reflection of sunlight.
Above-mentioned dimension scale is to test, by nearly hundred kinds of different thickness proportion, the optimal result got.By reality
Testing, for using composition and the thickness of each independent stratum in above-mentioned absorber coatings, the absorptance that can make the absorber coatings of preparation is big
In 0.945, and realize the low-launch-rate of less than 0.042.
Manufacture method for above-mentioned coating, it is possible to use this area through frequently with vacuum magnetron sputtering coating film technique system
Standby.
For the concrete structure of heat collector, shown in Figure 6, described heat collector includes header 23,24, and thermal-collecting tube 21 is even
Connect two headers 23,24.Certainly, the shape of header should be as it is shown in figure 1, at an angle at middle part, with the thermal-arrest in Fig. 4
Managing corresponding, Fig. 6 does not show, only schematic diagram.Arrange in described header 23 and arrange in heat collector oral siphon 24, header 24
Heater outlet pipe 25.As preferably, heat collector oral siphon 24 and heat collector outlet pipe 25 are arranged on the extreme higher position of top A
Place, so can ensure that the water in header from top to lower flow, it is ensured that the uniform distribution of water.Otherwise, in upper-part centralized heat pipe
Moisture dosage very little, cause hot-spot.
As preferably, only heat-sink shell is set in the bottom of tube plate structure, for the top of tube sheet mechanism, solar-electricity is set
Pond plate, in this manner it is achieved that be used for generating electricity by a part of heat, a part of heat is used for heating, it is achieved add the double of heat and generating power
Heavily need.
As preferably, the outlet pipe of heat collector connects heat utilization device, and described heat utilization device is hot water storage tank, described storage
Arranging heat-insulation layer outside boiler, described heat-insulation layer includes that vacuum thermal insulation plate, described vacuum thermal insulation plate include core
With high-gas resistance composite membrane, by the way of evacuation, it is coated with core with high-gas resistance composite membrane, forms vacuum thermal insulation plate.From water
The direction that box outer wall extends outwardly, described core at least includes multilamellar inorganic fibre mat, and described multilamellar inorganic fibre mat is many
Layer stack is folded or is connected by binding agent multilamellar, the density of the inorganic fibre mat of at least two-layer in described multilamellar inorganic fibre mat
Or composition is different.
As preferably, wherein core includes internal layer district and/or the position covering the close water tank wall portion on inorganic fibre mat surface
In the outer layer zone outside inorganic fibre mat.
As preferably, internal layer district and/or outer layer zone are by aluminosilicate fiberboard, centrifugally glass-wool plate, rock cotton board, textile fabric
One or more in plate, waste paper pulpboard are made.
As preferably, the number of plies of inorganic fibre mat is 30-130 layer.More preferably 50-80 layer.
As preferably, the density of inorfil is 10-300kg/m3。
As preferably, density or the composition of the inorganic fibre mat of arbitrary neighborhood two-layer differ.
As preferably, along inside outward, the density of inorganic fibre mat increases.Being experimentally confirmed, density increases successively
The effect of heat insulation brought is more preferable, it is possible to reach the effect of heat insulation relatively optimized, it is possible to increase the effect of heat insulation of about 10%.
As preferably, along inside outward, the amplitude that the density of inorganic fibre mat increases successively is more and more less.By experiment
Proving, the least the brought effect of heat insulation of the density of inorganic fibre mat increasing degree successively is more preferable, it is possible to reach more excellent
Effect of heat insulation.
As preferably, layer that its Midst density is big and the little layer of density are alternately placed.Being experimentally confirmed, this kind of placement is heat insulation
Effect is fine, it is possible to increase the effect of heat insulation of more than 7.3%.As preferably, the density of the layer that density is big is 100-300kg/m3,
The density that density is little is 10-100 kg/m3, select the density under the conditions of this can reach more excellent insulation effect.
As preferably, superfine glass cotton fiber plate, bulk density is 10kg/m3-100 kg/m3, thickness is 1mm-9mm.
Aluminosilicate fiberboard bulk density is 20 kg/m3-200 kg/m3, preferably 50-100 m3, thickness is 1mm-9mm.
Centrifugally glass-wool plate bulk density is 20 kg/m3-150 kg/m3, preferably 50-100 m3, thickness is 2mm-25mm.
Rock cotton board bulk density is 30 kg/m3-200 kg/m3, preferably 70-130 m3, thickness is 3mm-35mm.
As preferably, described inorganic fibre mat is microglass fiber plate, aluminosilicate fiberboard, centrifugally glass-wool plate, rock
Two or more in cotton plate, secondary stock, textile fabric plate it is arranged alternately.
It is exemplified below:
With thickness 1mm aluminosilicate fiberboard (30kg/m3) and thickness 3mm aluminosilicate fiberboard (50kg/m3) be stacked alternately directly
To 1.2cm, obtain core material of vacuum heat insulation plate.
Or with thickness 1mm aluminosilicate fiberboard (100kg/m3) and thickness 2mm ceramic beaverboard (70kg/m3) the most folded
Straighten to 1.5cm, obtain core material of vacuum heat insulation plate.
Or be stacked alternately with thickness 1mm aluminosilicate fiberboard and 2mm ceramic beaverboard and 2mm centrifugally glass-wool plate until
2cm, obtains core material of vacuum heat insulation plate.
Or with 1mm aluminosilicate fiberboard and 3mm ceramic beaverboard, 2mm rock cotton board is stacked alternately until 3cm, obtains true
Empty insulated panel core material.
Or alternately fold by 1mm aluminosilicate fiberboard and 3mm ceramic beaverboard, 3mm centrifugally glass-wool plate, 3mm rock cotton board
Straighten to 3cm, obtain core material of vacuum heat insulation plate.
Fig. 2 illustrates the schematic diagram of single user.As in figure 2 it is shown, described system farther includes hot water feeding pipe 7, cold water
Return pipe 8, regulation valve 9, inflow temperature sensor 11, leaving water temperature sensors 12, heat exchanger 13, heat user flow pipe 14,
Heat user return pipe 15, user's radiator, circulating pump 16, effusion meter 10, calorimeter 17, Programmable Logic Controller 18, described heat
Water feed pipe 7 is connected with heat exchanger 13, arranges regulation valve 9, enter heat exchanger 13 for regulating on hot water feeding pipe 7
The flow of hot water, the pipeline between regulation valve 9 and heat exchanger 13 arranges inflow temperature sensor 11, is used for measuring heat friendship
The inflow temperature of parallel operation 13；
Heat exchanger 13 is connected with heat user feed pipe 14 and heat user return pipe 15, heat user feed pipe 14 and heat user
Between return pipe 15 connect heat user radiator (seeing Fig. 3), the water of heat user return pipe 15 by with in heat exchanger 13
The hot water that steam-water heat exchanger provides carries out heat exchange, is arrived in user's radiator by heat user feed pipe 14 and supplies
Warm；Described circulating pump 16 is arranged on heat user return pipe 15；
Heat exchanger 13 is connected with cold-water return pipe 8, arranges effusion meter 10 on cold-water return pipe 8, is used for detecting cold water
The flow of the water in return pipe 8；Leaving water temperature sensing is set on the cold-water return pipe 8 between effusion meter 10 and heat exchanger 13
Device, for measuring the leaving water temperature of heat exchanger 13；
Described calorimeter 17 and inflow temperature sensor 11, leaving water temperature sensors 12 and effusion meter 10 carry out data even
Connect, and calculate the heat of the consuming of heat user according to the flow of inflow temperature, leaving water temperature and the water measured；
Described Programmable Logic Controller 18 carries out data cube computation, for too with circulating pump 16, calorimeter 17 and regulation valve 10
Sun can automatically control by intelligently-controlled heating system；The data that the heat of user uses are passed to programmable control by calorimeter 17
Device 18 processed, the heat that Programmable Logic Controller 18 is bought according to user contrasts with currently used heat, if heat is
Being finished, Programmable Logic Controller 18 controls to adjust valve and completely closes；
Heat user feed temperature sensor (Fig. 7 is not shown) is set on heat user feed pipe, is used for detecting heat user feedwater
Temperature, feed temperature sensor and Programmable Logic Controller carry out data cube computation；When Controlled by Programmable Controller regulation valve closes
When closing, water circulating pump is the most out of service.
Preferably, Programmable Logic Controller calculates the remaining heat of user automatically, reaches the first number in user's heat surplus
According to when, Programmable Logic Controller adjust regulation valve to the first aperture less than normal aperture, circulating pump is adjusted to low simultaneously
The first power in properly functioning power；User's heat surplus reaches less than first data the second data when, can compile
Range controller adjusts regulation valve to the second aperture less than the first aperture, and circulating pump is adjusted to the less than the first power simultaneously
Two power；User's heat surplus reaches less than the second data three data when, Programmable Logic Controller adjusts regulation valve
To the 3rd aperture less than the second aperture, circulating pump is adjusted to the 3rd power less than the second power simultaneously；At user's heat
The when that surplus reaching less than the 3rd data four data, Programmable Logic Controller adjusts regulation valve to less than the of the 3rd aperture
Four apertures, are adjusted to the 4th power less than the 3rd power simultaneously by circulating pump；Reach less than the 4th in user's heat surplus
The when of data five data, Programmable Logic Controller adjustment regulation valve, simultaneously will circulation to the 5th aperture less than the 4th aperture
Pump is adjusted to the 5th power less than the 4th power；When user's heat surplus reaches less than the 5th data the 6th data
Waiting, circulating pump, to the 6th aperture less than the 5th aperture, is adjusted to less than the 5th by Programmable Logic Controller adjustment regulation valve simultaneously
6th power of power；Last user's heat surplus reaches close to zero when, it is complete that Programmable Logic Controller adjusts regulation valve
Contract fully, stops the operation of circulating pump simultaneously.
Programmable Logic Controller is progressively closed regulation valve by above-mentioned and reduced the operation running power of pump, can be to supply
Warm stopping progressively, such user just can feel that heating amount is gradually declining, so that it knows the heat that you buy
Close on and be finished, needed to buy as early as possible.
The embodiment other guide of Fig. 2 is identical with the embodiment content of Fig. 1, is not described further.
Although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to this.Any art technology
Personnel, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, all can make various changes or modifications, and therefore protection scope of the present invention should
When being as the criterion with claim limited range.
Claims (3)
1. the solar energy heat distribution system controlled based on cloud computing intelligent, described heating system includes solar energy system, described
Solar energy system includes heat collector, water pump, water water-to-water heat exchanger, and heat collector absorbs the hot water of solar energy post-heating and enters water water heat exchange
Device, adds the water in the cold-water return pipe in hot water water-to-water heat exchanger, and the backwater after heat exchange returns to heat collector by water pump Posterior circle；
Described heating system includes heat-exchange system and cooling system, is wherein changed by water water between solar energy system and heat-exchange system
Hot device carries out heat exchange association, carries out heat exchange connection by heat exchanger between heat-exchange system and cooling system；
First regulation valve is set on hot water feeding pipe, enters the hot water in heat exchanger with regulation；
Heat exchanger is connected with heat user feed pipe and heat user return pipe, connects between heat user feed pipe and heat user return pipe
Connect radiator, the inlet pipeline of radiator arranges the second regulation valve, Programmable Logic Controller and the first regulation valve and second and adjusts
Joint valve carries out data cube computation, and during the second control valve opening change, the aperture of the first regulation valve changes accordingly, so that input heat
The hot water of exchanger changes accordingly；
Described heat-exchange system includes that heat-exchange system controller, described cooling system include cooling system controller, described heat exchange system
System controller and cooling system controller connect cloud server respectively, and cloud server is connected with heat-exchange system client, its
The data of the second control valve opening are passed to cloud server by middle cooling system controller, and data are transmitted by cloud server again
To heat-exchange system controller, heat-exchange system controller is automatically adjusted the aperture of the first regulation valve, is then passed by cloud server
Heat-exchange system client is given by the first control valve opening data；
Described heat collector includes thermal-collecting tube, reflecting mirror and collecting plate, is connected by collecting plate between two adjacent thermal-collecting tubes, from
And make to be formed between multiple thermal-collecting tube and adjacent collecting plate tube plate structure；Described tube plate structure is two pieces, two pieces of tube plate structures
Between shape at a certain angle, described angle direction is relative with the circular arc line structure of reflecting mirror, and the focus of reflecting mirror is positioned at tube sheet
Between the angle that structure is formed；The focus of reflecting mirror is positioned on the midpoint of two pieces of tube plate structure least significant end lines；The circle of reflecting mirror
Radius of curvature is R, a length of R1 of every piece of tube plate structure, and the radius of thermal-collecting tube is R2, Neighbor Set heat pipe on same tube plate structure
The distance in the center of circle be L, the angle between two pieces of tube plate structures is a, then meet equation below:
R1/R=c*sin (a/2)b,
0.18 < R2/L < 0.34,
Wherein c, b are coefficient, 0.39 < c < 0.41,0.020 <b < 0.035；
0.38 < R1/R < 0.41,80 °≤A≤150 °, 450mm < R1 < 750mm, 1100mm < R < 1800mm, 90mm < L <
150mm, 20mm≤R2 < 50mm.
2. the solar energy heat distribution system controlled based on cloud computing intelligent as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that cloud service
The data of the second control valve opening are passed to heat-exchange system client by device, and heat-exchange system operator is according to heat-exchange system client
Data be manually entered parameter regulation first regulation valve aperture.
The solar energy heat distribution system controlled based on cloud computing intelligent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that c=
0.4002, b=0.0275.
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| CN113494778B (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2023-11-21 | 山东大学 | Loop heat pipe solar pressure difference control method |
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