CN104726928B - A kind of electrochemical polish apparatus of slender pipeline inner surface - Google Patents

A kind of electrochemical polish apparatus of slender pipeline inner surface Download PDF

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CN104726928B
CN104726928B CN201510100144.9A CN201510100144A CN104726928B CN 104726928 B CN104726928 B CN 104726928B CN 201510100144 A CN201510100144 A CN 201510100144A CN 104726928 B CN104726928 B CN 104726928B
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electrolyte
electrode
tool
processing
pipeline
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CN104726928A (en
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舒利明
邹海洋
梁延德
夏恒
米大海
何福本
曾鹏
付川
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention provides a kind of electrochemical polish apparatus of slender pipeline inner surface, belong to nontraditional precision machining field.Its structure includes control terminal module, power-supply system, monitoring modular and processing main body.Control terminal module has the function of the current each ambient parameter of display device;Monitoring system includes the monitoring modular of each ambient parameter;The present invention is using the tool-electrode with spiral grooves structure, in polishing process, tool-electrode carries out axial linear reciprocation movement and gyration, can achieve the fully controlled disturbance to fluids within pipes, take away the bubble producing in the course of processing and processing precipitum so that the cell reaction of slender pipeline inner surface uniformly occurs;Using vacuum pump, electrolyte is suctioned out from pipeline bottom, it is to avoid electrolyte has the situation of injection in process;Electrolyte circulated filter system makes electrolyte be fully purified, and extends electrolyte service life;Electrolyte heating system makes the temperature of electrolyte realize real-time monitoring, improves polishing effect.

Description

A kind of electrochemical polish apparatus of slender pipeline inner surface
Technical field
The invention belongs to nontraditional precision machining field, particularly to a kind of electrochemical polish dress of slender pipeline inner surface Put, i.e. a kind of electrochemical polish apparatus, coordinate a kind of tool-electrode having, can achieve the accurate electricity to slender pipeline inner surface The device of chemical polishing.
Background technology
With the development of industrial technology, domestic and international market is also increasing to the demand of seamless steel pipe, and prescription is also got over Come higher, especially in medicine, food, chemical industry, aviation, nuclear industry, space industry, the requirement to slender pipeline inner surface quality is got over Come stricter.Especially by small-bore pipeline apply to fluid conveying when, its surface quality can directly affect transport effect and its The liquid residue of inner surface.The method carrying out inner surface processing to pipeline at present can be divided mainly into:Mechanical polishing, electrobrightening Polish with chemical polishing, ultrasonic activation polishing and the magnetic grinding of magnetic abrasive.And when internal diameter of the pipeline is less, above processing Method has some limitations.As the surface hone polish process technology in standard machinery glossing, it mainly adopts The oilstone being embedded on honing head carries out precise polished to polished surface.In honing process, honing head both rotated Move reciprocatingly, the surface roughness Ra after machining can reach 0.025 μm again.But the size limitation due to honing head, The inner surface polishing to the small-bore pipeline compared with big L/D ratio can not be enabled.Wu Menghua etc. (Wu Menghua, Chen Yong. minor diameter is thin The pulsively electrochemical polishing [J] of wall stainless steel inside pipe wall. machine-building, 2002,40 (7):Minor diameter 38-39.) proposing is stainless Steel pipe internal-surface electrochemical polish apparatus, by the method using electrobrightening, can be effectively elongated to more than 2mm bore Straight tube is processed, and the inner surface of pipeline roughness after polishing is 0.1 μm up to Ra.But due to processing unit (plant) integration degree relatively Low, dismounting process is loaded down with trivial details, and working (machining) efficiency is relatively low.Simultaneously as this device is mainly the reciprocation cycle movement controlling workpiece to reach The purpose that electrolyte in pipeline updates, this results in when duct length is longer, has that polishing effect is undesirable, surface area The problems such as carbon.Wang Qi (Wang Qi. rustless steel inner tube electrobrightening with movable electricity (cloudy) pole [P]. Chinese patent: CN102703963A, 2012-10-03) mobile electrode that proposes can realize the electrobrightening of internal surface of elongated tube, but due to The restriction of its tool electrode structure, the internal diameter of the pipeline that this device can polish is typically in more than 10mm.(Liang Yande's Liang Yande etc. relaxes Sharp bright, Xia Heng, etc. a kind of. inner surface of elongated bend pipe electrobrightening with tool-electrode [P]. Chinese patent:CN103820844A, A kind of flexible chain structure tool electrode 2014-03-03) proposing effectively can carry out electrobrightening to slender pipeline inner surface, But it is not described in detail to burnishing device and designs.
Content of the invention
Precise polished difficult for solving the problems, such as slender pipeline inner surface, the invention provides a kind of thin based on electrochemistry The burnishing device of long pipeline inner surface is it is achieved that electrochemical polish to slender pipeline inner surface.
A kind of electrochemical polish apparatus of slender pipeline inner surface of the present invention, its structure includes control terminal module, electricity Source module, monitoring system and processing main body, as shown in Figure 1.
Control terminal module is made up of PC and slave computer two parts.PC has and receives and process monitoring modular and sent Present apparatus voltage swing, size of current, current waveform, electrolyte temperature, tool-electrode position, tool-electrode rotating speed with electricity The data such as solution flow velocity, and the function of these data of simultaneous display;Meanwhile, PC is after being contrasted with setting data, under Position machine sends instruction.After slave computer receives instruction, respectively to water bath heating device, DC motor Driver module, servomotor Drive module is controlled with vacuum pump, as shown in Figure 2.
Power module is made up of with polishing power supply two parts installation's power source.Installation's power source is respectively control terminal module, attached Powering up road, the direct current generator of processing body interior and servomotor provides the energy;Polishing power supply is individually for electrochemical polish mistake Journey provides the energy.
Described monitoring system includes current monitoring module, voltage monitoring module, temperature sensor module, position sensor mould Block, speed probe module and flow monitoring module.Monitoring system monitoring measurement tool-electrode position in process, work The data such as tool electrode rotating speed, electrolyte flow rate and electrolyte temperature, and feed back to control terminal.Each module is adding to device respectively Processing electric current during work, machining voltage, electrolyte temperature, tool-electrode position, tool-electrode rotating speed and electrolyte flow rate It is monitored.Above-mentioned Monitoring Data is uploaded to control terminal module by data acquisition module and is processed and show.
Described processing main body includes:Electrolyte filtering and blood circulation, electrolyte heating system, frame, X-Y finely tune and put down Platform, motor leading screw slide unit, direct current generator, accurate main shaft part, v-shaped bearing frame, tool-electrode, piece-holder assembly and auxiliary Bearing structure.The structural representation of processing main body is as shown in Figure 3.
Described electrolyte filtering and blood circulation are by vacuum pump, air relief valve, effusion meter, anticorrosive tube for transfusion, filtration gauze And reverse osmosis groove composition.Vacuum pump is connected directly between on pipeline clamping device by anticorrosive tube for transfusion, by electrolyte in pipeline Suction out, through the filtration of filtration gauze and reverse osmosis groove, realize circulation and the filtration of electrolyte.
By water bath heating device, heater, electrolyte temperature sensor, bath temperature senses described electrolyte heating system Device forms.This system, in the form of heating in water bath, realizes the temperature control of electrolyte.
Described X-Y fine adjustment stage is arranged in frame, implementation tool electrode X-Y plane movement it is ensured that tool-electrode Axis is coaxial with conduit axis.
Described servomotor forms motor leading screw slide unit with ball-screw slide unit, and implementation tool electrode is reciprocal in pipeline Rectilinear movement.
Described accurate main shaft part includes tool-electrode chuck, accurate optical axis, forms from belt pulley and steel ball.Accurate optical axis Top has spherical structure, matches with steel ball.In the vertical direction, is less than from the installation site of belt pulley and is fixed on unidirectional current Main pulley on machine.The component in one, accurate optical axis direction straight up can be given by belt, make metal ball and steel ball, electricity Solution positive terminal fits tightly.The detailed construction schematic diagram of main shaft portion is as shown in Figure 4.
Described v-shaped bearing frame is made up of with diamond cylinder V-type support, and belt gives drawing of one horizontal direction of optical axis Power is so that optical axis is fitted tightly with V-groove.The overlooking the structure diagram of described V-type bracing frame is as shown in Figure 5.
Described tool-electrode is made up of the good metal of electric conductivity, and surface has spiral grooves structure, is arranged on ball wire On thick stick slide unit.It can strengthen the Radial Flow of electrolyte during electrode rotary, accelerates the bubble producing in process Depart from from finished surface with processing precipitum, weaken concentration polarization, and then improve the crudy of inner surface of pipeline.Described instrument The structural representation of electrode is as shown in Figure 6.
Described piece-holder assembly is by piece pole dop, ring flange, antiseptic rubber seal washer, binding post and electrolysis bath Composition.The structural representation of described instrument clamp assemblies is as shown in Figure 7.Described ring flange and electrode dop adopt Morse's taper Carry out axis hole connection;Workpiece is inserted directly into the sealing realizing electrolyte channel inside rubber seal.Described binding post directly with Polishing power cathode is connected.Described electrolysis bath is made using insulation corrosion-resistant material, can anti-electrolytic corrosion for a long time.
The present invention passes through using the tool-electrode with spiral grooves structure, and tool-electrode is carried out in polishing process simultaneously Axial linear reciprocation moves and gyration, can achieve the fully controlled disturbance to fluids within pipes, takes away in the course of processing and produces Raw bubble and processing precipitum are so that the cell reaction of slender pipeline inner surface uniformly occurs;To be electrolysed using vacuum pump Liquid suctions out from pipeline bottom, it is to avoid electrolyte has the situation of injection in process;Electrolyte circulated filter system makes Electrolyte is fully purified, and extends electrolyte service life;Electrolyte heating system makes the temperature of electrolyte realize adjusting in real time Control, improves polishing effect.The composite can be widely applied to precision optical machinery processing and manufacturing field, be particularly suited for the interior of slender pipeline Surface polishes.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structure total figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is device control planning figure.
Fig. 3 is the processing main part structure chart of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of main shaft module.
Fig. 5 is the sectional view of v-shaped bearing frame.
Fig. 6 is tool-electrode enlarged drawing.
Fig. 7 is the structure chart of work holder.
In figure:1 polishing power module;2 control terminals;3 monitoring modulars;4 processing main bodys;5 current monitoring modules;6 voltages Monitoring modular;7 temperature sensing module;8 position sensing modules;9 revolution speed sensing modules;10 flow monitoring modules;11 data acquisitions Module;12PC;13 slave computers;14 water bath heating devices;15 drive modules;16 servomotors;17 direct current generators;18 vacuum pumps 19 Heater;20 body lotions;21 electrolyte temperature sensors;22 bath temperature sensors;23 filtration gauze;24 effusion meters;25 throttlings Valve;26 tool-electrodes;27 main shaft module;28 velocity sensors;29 servomotors;30 ball-screw slide units;31X-Y fine setting is flat Platform;32 frames;33 work holders;34 electrolyte;35 supports;36 tool-electrode chucks;37 accurate optical axises;38V type supports Frame one;39 from belt pulley;40V type bearing support two;41 steel balls;42 positive terminals;43 spindle carriers;44 direct current generators;45 is straight Stream electric machine support;46 main pulleys;47 belts;48 diamond cylinders;49 tool-electrode bare terminal ends;50 external envelope faces;51 spirals Groove;52 anticorrosive tube for transfusions;53 flanges;54 Workpiece clamping heads;55 rubber gaskets;56 workpiece;57 binding posts;58 electrolysis baths Base plate.
Specific embodiment
Describe the present invention with technical scheme below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figures 1 to 7, a kind of electrochemical polish apparatus of slender pipeline inner surface of the present invention, shown, its Concrete structure includes:Polishing power module 1, control terminal 2, monitoring modular 3, process main body 4.The machinable workpiece diameter of device A size of 1~20mm, can processing length be 10~350mm, surface roughness can reach more than 0.05 μm, reaches mirror effect.
Slave computer 13 in described monitoring modular adopts Arduino Uno R3 master control borad, has packaging effects height, reliability Good feature;Temperature sensing module 7 is main to be made up of pt100 temperature sensor and corresponding connection circuit, respectively to water-bath pot temperature Degree and electrolyte temperature measure;Position sensing module 8 is by PPM-WYDC series of straight lines displacement transducer, upper and lower travel switch And its interlock circuit composition, tool-electrode position is measured in real time;Revolution speed sensing module 9 is by SZHG-01 hall effect type Speed probe and its interlock circuit composition, are measured in real time to the speed of mainshaft;Flow monitoring module 10 is by electromagnetic flow Sensor and its interlock circuit composition, are measured in real time to electrolyte flow rate.Polishing power supply in polishing power module adopts Adjustable pulse stabilized current supply, can be adjusted to dutycycle, voltage, output waveform in process, be suitable for different processing Material and processing dimension.
Described processing main body 4 is main to be finely tuned by electrolyte filtering and blood circulation, electrolyte heating system, frame 32, X-Y Platform 31, ball-screw slide unit 30, servomotor 29, direct current generator 44, main shaft module 27, v-shaped bearing frame 1, tool-electrode 26th, piece-holder assembly and structure of assistant support composition.Direct current generator 44 used is 565 series, and speed of mainshaft adjustable extent is 0 ~3000rpm;Tool-electrode 26 in X-Y plane mobile accuracy be 0.02mm, stroke be 0~50mm, Z-direction stroke be 0~ 400mm.Electrolyte temperature is 20~95 DEG C by bath temperature control, temperature-controllable scope, and control accuracy is 0.5 DEG C.Electrolyte Flow velocity has vacuum pump and throttle valve control, and adjustable flow velocity scope is 0~400ml/min.The helical angle of tool-electrode 26 is 30 °, Groove shape is in circular arc type.
With processing length as 150mm, internal diameter is processed as a example the rustless steel tubule for 2mm testing.Electrolyte adopts 35% sulphuric acid, 20% phosphoric acid, 45% water configuration forms;Electrolyte temperature is set to 60 DEG C, and flow velocity is set to 100ml/min;Work Tool electrode diameter 1mm, is made up of pyrite;Z-direction translational speed is 100mm/min, and the speed of mainshaft is set to 1000rpm;Using straight Stream stabilized current supply, processing electric current 1A;Process time is 5min.
Before processing, first pipeline 56 to be processed is arranged on work holder 33.Mobile X-Y fine adjustment stage 31, adjustment Tool-electrode 26 position makes its axis and pipeline 56 axis coaxle to be processed.Machined parameters are inputted on control terminal 2, including: Leading screw Z-direction translational speed, the velocity of rotation of tool-electrode, falling head and cycle-index, current value, current waveform, electrolyte Rate of circulating flow.Arrange parameter instruction is communicated to slave computer 13 by control terminal 2, and slave computer 13 controls servomotor 29, unidirectional current The velocity of rotation of machine 44 is processed.
Open electrolyte circulation system, electrolyte, due to the effect of vacuum pump 18, makes electrolyte constantly flow into polished pipe Inside road.After starting processing, servomotor 29 starts, and is converted into the motion straight up of Z axis by ball-screw slide unit 30, directly Reach mechanical zero to encountering travel switch, realize the back to zero of Z axis.Hereafter, direct current generator 44 carries power driven tools electricity by belt 47 The rotation of pole 26.In process, to do gyration one side in the vertical direction around axis affected past for tool-electrode 26 Linear motion.Thus realizing the abundant disturbance to fluids within pipes, taking away the bubble producing in the course of processing simultaneously and adding Work precipitum is so that the electrochemical reaction of elongated steel pipe internal-surface uniformly occurs.Meanwhile, main shaft is measured in real time by monitoring modular Rotating speed, feed speed, electrolyte temperature, water-bath pot temperature, voltage and size of current, and show in control terminal.Machine Afterwards, after pipeline being cut and cleans, carry out roughness concentration, its roughness RaDrop to 0.04 μm by original 9.85 μm, reach To mirror effect.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of electrochemical polish apparatus of slender pipeline inner surface, including control terminal module, power-supply system, monitoring system with Processing main body;It is characterized in that,
Described processing main body includes electrolyte filtering and blood circulation, electrolyte heating system, frame, X-Y fine adjustment stage, ball Leading screw slide unit, servomotor, direct current generator, accurate main shaft part, v-shaped bearing frame, tool-electrode, piece-holder assembly and auxiliary Supporting structure;
Described electrolyte filtering and blood circulation are by vacuum pump, air relief valve, effusion meter, anticorrosive tube for transfusion, filtration gauze and anti- Ooze groove composition, vacuum pump is connected directly between on pipeline clamping device by anticorrosive tube for transfusion, electrolyte is suctioned out in pipeline, Through the filtration of filtration gauze and reverse osmosis groove, realize circulation and the filtration of electrolyte;
Described electrolyte heating system is by water bath heating device, heater, electrolyte temperature sensor, bath temperature sensor group Become, in the form of heating in water bath, realize the temperature control of electrolyte;
Described X-Y fine adjustment stage is arranged in frame, implementation tool electrode X-Y plane movement it is ensured that tool-electrode axis Coaxial with conduit axis;
Described servomotor forms motor leading screw slide unit, reciprocating linear in pipeline for the implementation tool electrode with ball-screw slide unit Mobile;
Described accurate main shaft part include tool-electrode chuck, accurate optical axis, from belt pulley and steel ball;Accurate optical axis top has Spherical structure, is matched with steel ball;In the vertical direction, is less than, from the installation site of belt pulley, the master being fixed on direct current generator Belt pulley;The component in one, accurate optical axis direction straight up can be given by belt, so that metal ball is connect with steel ball, electrolysis positive pole Head fits tightly;
Described v-shaped bearing frame is made up of with diamond cylinder V-type support, and belt gives the pulling force of one horizontal direction of optical axis, makes Obtain optical axis to fit tightly with V-groove;
Described tool-electrode is made of metal, and surface has spiral grooves structure, is arranged on ball-screw slide unit;It is in electrode Rotary course is used for strengthening the Radial Flow of electrolyte, accelerates the bubble producing in process and processing precipitum from processing Surface departs from, and weakens concentration polarization, improves the crudy of inner surface of pipeline;
Described piece-holder assembly is by piece pole dop, ring flange, antiseptic rubber seal washer, binding post and electrolysis bath group Become;Described ring flange carries out axis hole with electrode dop using Morse's taper and is connected;It is internal real that workpiece is inserted directly into rubber seal The sealing of existing electrolyte channel;Described binding post is directly connected with polishing power cathode;Described electrolysis bath is anticorrosive using insulation Material is made, for a long time anti-electrolytic corrosion.
2. electrochemical polish apparatus according to claim 1 are it is characterised in that described sets low from the installation position of belt pulley In the main pulley being fixed on direct current generator.
CN201510100144.9A 2015-03-06 2015-03-06 A kind of electrochemical polish apparatus of slender pipeline inner surface Active CN104726928B (en)

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CN108570705B (en) * 2018-05-02 2020-05-05 宣城品宙洁净科技有限公司 Electrolytic polishing equipment for inner wall of stainless steel pipe
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CN113997189B (en) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-01 太原科技大学 Electrolytic and mechanical composite grinding device and method for inner diameter of long straight pipe
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CN116065225B (en) * 2023-03-31 2023-06-16 太原理工大学 Electrolytic polishing device for inner wall of special-shaped micro-fine tube
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