CN104726787A - Favorable-low-temperature-toughness high-strength pressure vessel thick plate and production method thereof - Google Patents
Favorable-low-temperature-toughness high-strength pressure vessel thick plate and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a favorable-low-temperature-toughness high-strength pressure vessel thick plate and a production method thereof. The favorable-low-temperature-toughness high-strength pressure vessel thick plate is composed of the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.06-0.09% of C, 0.15-0.40% of Si, 1.20-1.60% of Mn, at most 0.015% of P, at most 0.005% of S, 0.10-0.50% of Ni, 0.10-0.30% of Cr, at most 0.10% of Mo, 0.02-0.06% of V, 0.01-0.04% of Nb, 0.01-0.04% of Als, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The chemical components of steel satisfy the following condition: Pcm=C+Si/30+Ni/60+(Mn+Cr+Cu)/20+Mo/15+V/10+5B<=0.21%. A continuous casting technique is adopted, and the casting blank is heated to 1050-1250 DEG C; two-stage rolling is adopted, and the finishing temperature is greater than or equal to 950 DEG C; and the cooling rate is controlled at 10-30 DEG C/second, the quenching temperature is 910-970 DEG C, and the tempering temperature is 600-690 DEG C. The method has the advantage of simple and reasonable component design, and adopts direct rolling+off-line hardening and tempering or controlled rolling+on-line quenching+off-line tempering according to different thicknesses of the steel plate in the rolling and cooling techniques, thereby enhancing the field productivity on the premise of ensuring the properties of the steel plate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to manufacture field of low alloy steel, relate to a kind of tensile strength >=610MPa, yield strength >=490MPa, the good high-strength pressure vessel slab of low-temperature flexibility of-70 DEG C of transverse impact merit >=100J and production method.
Background technology
From the angle of use safety, the low welding crack sensitivity steel plate mainly with good welds performance and low-temperature flexibility that current domestic large-size spherical tank pressurized vessel adopts, this kind of steel integrates high strength, high tenacity and excellent weldability, adopt corresponding welding material welding, steel plate thickness reach 50mm also can not preheating or a little heating and do not produce welding cold cracking.
At present, its minimum use temperature of the low welding crack sensitivity steel of 610MPa rank is-50 DEG C, and exceed the 3.5Ni steel that this use temperature then can only use manufacturing cost high, this makes manufacturing cost significantly increase.In addition, some spherical tanks used for petroleum chemical industry and relevant device, once design temperature exceedes-50 DEG C, in order to ensure use temperature, designing unit has to the lower normalizing state steel plate of working strength, and this just makes, and the wall thickness of whole spherical tank is thicker, actual uses volume less.Consider that the intensity along with steel heavy plate for pressure vessels increases, be conducive to pressurized vessel wall thickness relatively thinning, the characteristic that container increases and low temp area require higher situation to steel plate low-temperature flexibility, therefore need to develop the low-welding crack-sensitive steel that use temperature is the 610MPa rank of-70 DEG C.
Before making the present invention, the patent relating to tensile strength 610MPa rank low-welding crack-sensitive steel both at home and abroad mainly contains " thick steel plate with high strength and low welding crack sensitivity and production method thereof " (Authorization Notice No. CN100516270C), " thick steel plate with great line energy and low welding crack sensitivity and production method thereof " (Authorization Notice No. CN100396809C), " the Micro Alloying low welding crack sensitivity steel plate of excellent in low temperature toughness and production method thereof " (application publication number CN102605293A), " a kind of Chromium-free micro-molybdenum high-strength high heat input steel plate and manufacture method thereof " (application publication number CN103031491A) etc.The use temperature of its steel plate of its Patent CN100516270C, CN100396809C and CN103031491A is-20 DEG C, well below the minimum use temperature that current large-size spherical tank designs, and although its-60 DEG C of low-temperature impact toughness of patent CN102605293A are better, but due to without any thermal treatment, there is fluctuation in the mechanical property of its whole steel plate, cannot ensure the performance uniformity of whole steel plate.Because " for the steel heavy plate for pressure vessels of high intensity levels, have to pass through thermal treatment to guarantee the overall performance homogeneity of steel plate " according to the principle of design of pressurized vessel.
In sum, current steels for pressure vessel use market not yet exists the low-welding crack-sensitive steel that use temperature is-70 DEG C.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of thickness range 10 ~ 60mm, the high-strength pressure vessel slab that the low-temperature flexibility of tensile strength >=610MPa, yield strength >=490MPa ,-70 DEG C of transverse impact merit >=100J is good and production method.This steel plate has good low-temperature flexibility and high-temperature resistant tempered characteristic, and designing chemical composition checks and production technique is easy, is applicable to batch production.
For achieving the above object, present invention employs following chemical composition (by weight percentage): C:0.06 ~ 0.09%, Si:0.15 ~ 0.40%, Mn:1.20 ~ 1.60%, P≤0.015%, S≤0.005%, Ni:0.10 ~ 0.50%, Cr:0.10 ~ 0.30%, Mo≤0.10%, V:0.02 ~ 0.06%, Nb:0.01 ~ 0.04%, Als:0.01 ~ 0.04%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity, and steel chemical composition of the present invention meets:
Pcm=C+Si/30+Ni/60+(Mn+Cr+Cu)/20+Mo/15+V/10+5B≤0.21%。
When concrete scheme of the present invention has production 30mm with lower steel plate, C:0.06 ~ 0.08%, Si:0.15 ~ 0.30%, Mn:1.20 ~ 1.45%, P≤0.015%, S≤0.005%, Ni:0.10 ~ 0.50%, Cr:0.10 ~ 0.20%, V:0.02 ~ 0.04%, Nb:0.010 ~ 0.025%, Als:0.01 ~ 0.04% in steel, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity, and Pcm maximum value is 0.185%.
When concrete scheme of the present invention has production 30 ~ 60mm steel plate, C:0.08 ~ 0.09%, Si:0.15 ~ 0.30%, Mn:1.35 ~ 1.50%, P≤0.015%, S≤0.005%, Ni:0.10 ~ 0.35%, Cr:0.15 ~ 0.25%, Mo:0.05 ~ 0.10%, V:0.03 ~ 0.05%, Nb:0.025 ~ 0.035%, Als:0.01 ~ 0.04% in steel, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity, and Pcm maximum value is 0.205%.
Details are as follows for the reason of interalloy Elements C of the present invention, Si, Mn, P, S, Ni, Cr, Mo, V, Nb, Al limited amount:
C is very large as armor plate strength, low-temperature flexibility impact, from the angle improving steel plate low-temperature flexibility and welding line, wish that C content in steel controls lower, but for the hardening capacity of steel plate and obdurability coupling angle, it is too low that C content should not control, and rational scope is 0.06% ~ 0.09%.
Mn, as the Main Function element in phase transformation strengthening in steel and solution strengthening mechanism, except improving armor plate strength, also has the effect expanding austenite phase field and reduce Ar3 point temperature.But too high levels then produces segregation phenomena in casting and the operation of rolling, and cause steel plate low-temperature flexibility to decline, zone of reasonableness is 1.20% ~ 1.60%.
Si promotes deoxidation of molten steel and can improve armor plate strength, but the desoxydatoin of Si is little when adopting the molten steel of Al deoxidation.Although Si can improve armor plate strength, too much Si also can damage steel plate low-temperature flexibility and unit elongation simultaneously, and zone of reasonableness is 0.15% ~ 0.40%.
P, S have huge detrimental effect as the mechanical property of harmful element in steel to steel plate, and it is more low better to require in theory, but considers manufacturing cost, is limited in P≤0.015%; S≤0.005%.
Ni plays an important role in microalloyed steel phase transformation strengthening and solution strengthening mechanism, reduces the surfactivity of steel, improves the corrosion resistance of steel, and improve the low-temperature flexibility of timber and welding joint, zone of reasonableness is 0.10% ~ 0.50%.
Cr, as weak carbide forming element, adds the hardening capacity that Cr not only improves steel plate, can also improve the toughness of steel plate while improving armor plate strength, but when Cr adds too much, cause rectangular Carbide Precipitation thick, the low-temperature flexibility of infringement steel plate, zone of reasonableness is 0.10% ~ 0.30%.
Mo can improve steel plate hardenability, improves quenching state armor plate strength, can also ensure the anti-temper softening of steel plate simultaneously, but Mo adds too much unit elongation and the weldability of not only grievous injury steel plate, and causes the increase of Plate Production cost.Consider that in steel, other elements have the situation improving steel plate hardening capacity, therefore in steel, only add a small amount of Mo to ensure its anti-temper softening, zone of reasonableness is≤0.10%.
V separates out at lath of bainite by V (C, N), improves steel plate anti-temper softening, realizes armor plate strength, weldability that the coupling of low-temperature flexibility does not damage steel plate simultaneously, and zone of reasonableness is 0.02% ~ 0.06%.
Adding of Nb makes mother metal recrystallize stop temperature being elevated to more than 950 DEG C, expands recrystallize rolling temperature interval.In process of cooling, because Nb atom is in the segregation of crystal boundary, makes proeutectoid ferrite generate district and obviously move to right, ensure that mother metal obtains uniform bainite structure in very wide cooling range.The Nb atom of solid solution in matrix is after cooling and phase in version, and will separate out Nb (CN) compound in mother metal, strengthen mother metal further, zone of reasonableness is 0.01% ~ 0.04%.
Als can to fix in steel N freely, and reduce welded heat affecting zone (HAZ) free N, improve the low-temperature flexibility effect of welded thin-wall box component, therefore Als lower limit controls 0.01%; But add excessive Als in steel and not only can cause casting difficulty, and can form the needle-like Al2O3 inclusion of a large amount of disperse in steel, infringement internal quality of steel plate, therefore the Als upper limit controls 0.04%.
Pressurized vessel Heavy plate production method, molten steel, through continuous casting, process furnace heating, hot rolling and thermal treatment, is specially:
Casting technique of the present invention recommends to adopt continuous casting process, continuous casting process priority control pouring temperature, Metal in Tundish pouring temperature≤1540 DEG C, and low temperature casting is better, with the original as-cast structure of refinement.For controlling the Mn segregation of continuously cast bloom center, adopt induction stirring or continuously cast bloom slighter compress technique, slighter compress amount controls between 3 ~ 10%.
About Heating temperature, must be chosen to be between 1050 ~ 1250 DEG C.When lower than 1050 DEG C of heating, solidifying middlely generated has dysgenic thick inclusion likely to remain with non-fusible state to toughness; And higher than 1250 DEG C of heating, then likely make the precipitate produced by controlled cooling model speed in casting process melt again.
Steel rolling technology after the heating adopts Direct Rolling and austenite perfect recrystallization district+austenite Unhydrated cement two stage control rolling technology.30mm adopts austenite perfect recrystallization district+austenite Unhydrated cement two stage control rolling technology with lower steel plate, and 30 ~ 60mm steel plate adopts Direct Rolling.In perfect recrystallization temperature range, large rolling pass draft carries out quick continuous rolling, guarantees deformable metal occurrence dynamics/Static Recrystallization, fining austenite grains, for this reason rolling pass draft >=15%, and maximum depression rate is 25%; , recrystallization zone (1100 ~ 950 DEG C) total reduction >=55%; Do not carrying out controlled rolling in crystallizing field, for ensureing the effect of grain refining thus reaching the raising yield strength of steel and the object of toughness, should make rolling pass draft >=15%, Unhydrated cement (910 ~ 850 DEG C) total reduction >=60%, largest cumulative deflection is 80%; .Direct Rolling is then directly be rolled after steel billet is come out of the stove, and every time draft is greater than 15%, ensures steel plate finishing temperature >=950 DEG C.
After below 30mm hot-rolled steel plate terminates, temperature is carried out press quenching at the steel plate of more than Ar3, it is 750 ~ 800 DEG C that steel plate enters water temp, and the final cooling temperature of steel plate controls below 300 DEG C, and the speed of cooling of steel plate controls at 10 ~ 30 DEG C/s.
30mm adopts off-line tempering heat treatment with lower steel plate, tempering temperature 600 ~ 690 DEG C, and 30 ~ 60mm steel plate adopts off-line Tempering and Quenching, quenching temperature 910 ~ 970 DEG C, tempering temperature 600 ~ 690 DEG C.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) simple in steel grades design, reasonable, by the principle that element addition and kind are as far as possible few, the proportional quantity of each element of rational adjustment, control welding cold crack sensitivity FACTOR P cm≤0.21%, in addition steel plate hardening capacity element is improved by adding Cr, eliminate and improve steel plate hardening capacity element B and reduce precious metal element Mo, reduce smelting, the operation easier of rolling and manufacturing cost and by rational thermal treatment process, ensure that steel plate also possesses good low-temperature flexibility while acquisition sufficient intensity.
(2) in rolling and process for cooling, according to steel plate different thickness employing Direct Rolling+off-line, modified or controlled rolling+press quenching+off-line tempering, under the prerequisite ensureing plate property, improves situ production rate.
(3) steel plate also has good high-temperature resistant tempered effect, and when 680 DEG C of tempering, metallographic structure not alligatoring and intensity keeps moderate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is 60mm steel plate thickness 1/4 place of the present invention metallograph;
Fig. 2 is 60mm steel plate tunneling boring Vickers' hardness of the present invention inspection.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with several embodiment, the present invention is described in detail
The actual chemical composition of embodiment of the present invention steel used is in table 1.
Table 1 chemical composition (wt%)
| Embodiment | Thickness | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Ni | Cr | Mo | V | Nb | Als |
| 1 | 10 | 0.06 | 0.15 | 1.20 | 0.008 | 0.003 | 0.20 | 0.11 | — | 0.03 | 0.014 | 0.015 |
| 2 | 25 | 0.07 | 0.26 | 1.41 | 0.009 | 0.003 | 0.35 | 0.20 | — | 0.04 | 0.021 | 0.027 |
| 3 | 32 | 0.09 | 0.27 | 1.46 | 0.010 | 0.005 | 0.33 | 0.22 | 0.09 | 0.04 | 0.026 | 0.033 |
| 4 | 45 | 0.08 | 0.25 | 1.48 | 0.008 | 0.005 | 0.31 | 0.25 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.033 | 0.038 |
| 5 | 60 | 0.09 | 0.30 | 1.49 | 0.012 | 0.004 | 0.35 | 0.25 | 0.09 | 0.05 | 0.035 | 0.039 |
The production technique of the present embodiment is: adopt Liquid Iron Pretreatment Technology, the Clean Steel technique metallographics such as converter smelting, the vacuum-treat of LF stove+VD (or RH) stove smelt production department's molten steel, continuously cast bloom is made through slab caster, for controlling the Mn segregation of continuously cast bloom center, adopt continuously cast bloom slighter compress technique, slighter compress amount controls 5%, and the section thickness of continuously cast bloom is 230mm.
Hot rolling and the process for cooling of the present embodiment are: continuously cast bloom is heated to 1050 ~ 1250 DEG C, soaking 1.5 ~ 2.5 hours; Wherein 10mm and 25mm steel plate adopts two-stage controlled rolling process (recrystallization zone rolling+Unhydrated cement rolling), and first stage rolling single pass draft keeps 15% ~ 25%, and subordinate phase rolling cumulative deformation remains on 60% ~ 80%; Roll rear steel plate and carry out press quenching, the water temp that enters of steel plate is 800 DEG C, and the final cooling temperature <300 DEG C of steel plate, the speed of cooling of steel plate is at 20 ~ 25 DEG C/s.32mm, 45mm and 60mm steel plate adopts direct rolling process, and steel plate finishing temperature is more than 950 DEG C.
The thermal treatment process of the present embodiment is: 10mm and 25mm steel plate adopts off-line tempering heat treatment, tempering temperature 600 ~ 690 DEG C; 32mm, 45mm and 60mm adopt off-line Tempering and Quenching, quenching temperature 910 ~ 970 DEG C, tempering temperature 600 ~ 690 DEG C.
Table 2 rolling technology system
Table 3 mechanical properties test result
The present invention has also carried out corresponding detection to other indexs of this steel grade.
3, nil-ductility temperature
Claims (4)
1. the high-strength pressure vessel slab that a low-temperature flexibility is good, it is characterized in that, adopt following chemical composition, by weight percentage: C:0.06 ~ 0.09%, Si:0.15 ~ 0.40%, Mn:1.20 ~ 1.60%, P≤0.015%, S≤0.005%, Ni:0.10 ~ 0.50%, Cr:0.10 ~ 0.30%, Mo≤0.10%, V:0.02 ~ 0.06%, Nb:0.01 ~ 0.04%, Als:0.01 ~ 0.04%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity, steel chemical composition meets: Pcm=C+Si/30+Ni/60+ (Mn+Cr+Cu)/20+Mo/15+V/10+5B≤0.21%.
2. the high-strength pressure vessel slab that a kind of low-temperature flexibility according to claim 1 is good, when producing 30mm with lower steel plate, C:0.06 ~ 0.08%, Si:0.15 ~ 0.30%, Mn:1.20 ~ 1.45%, P≤0.015%, S≤0.005%, Ni:0.10 ~ 0.50%, Cr:0.10 ~ 0.20%, V:0.02 ~ 0.04%, Nb:0.010 ~ 0.025%, Als:0.01 ~ 0.04% in steel, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity, and Pcm maximum value is 0.185%.
3. the high-strength pressure vessel slab that a kind of low-temperature flexibility according to claim 1 is good, when producing 30 ~ 60mm steel plate, C:0.08 ~ 0.09%, Si:0.15 ~ 0.30%, Mn:1.35 ~ 1.50%, P≤0.015%, S≤0.005%, Ni:0.10 ~ 0.35%, Cr:0.15 ~ 0.25%, Mo:0.05 ~ 0.10%, V:0.03 ~ 0.05%, Nb:0.025 ~ 0.035%, Als:0.01 ~ 0.04% in steel, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity, and Pcm maximum value is 0.205%.
4. according to the production method of the good high-strength pressure vessel slab of a kind of low-temperature flexibility according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, adopt Liquid Iron Pretreatment Technology, the vacuum treated Clean Steel technique of converter smelting LF stove+VD (or RH) stove carries out smelting, continuous casting, and its rolling technology step is as follows:
A) Heating temperature before hot rolling: billet heating temperature is 1050 ~ 1250 DEG C;
B) rolling condition: after steel soaking of the present invention, 30mm adopts austenite perfect recrystallization district+austenite Unhydrated cement two stage control rolling technology with lower steel plate, and 30 ~ 60mm steel plate adopts Direct Rolling;
Austenite recrystallization district rolling: the first stage of controlled rolling, its temperature range was at 1100 ~ 950 DEG C, and every time draft is greater than 15%, maximum depression rate is 25%;
The rolling of austenite Unhydrated cement: its temperature range of the subordinate phase of controlled rolling at 910 ~ 850 DEG C, accumulative deflection >=60% in this stage, largest cumulative deflection is 80%;
Direct Rolling: steel billet is directly rolled after coming out of the stove, every time draft is greater than 15%,
Ensure steel plate finishing temperature >=950 DEG C;
C) press quenching cooling: after below 30mm hot-rolled steel plate terminates, temperature is carried out pressure cooling at the steel plate of more than Ar3, it is 750 ~ 800 DEG C that steel plate enters water temp, and the final cooling temperature of steel plate controls below 300 DEG C, and the speed of cooling of steel plate controls at 10 ~ 30 DEG C/s;
D) thermal treatment: 30mm adopts off-line tempering heat treatment with lower steel plate, tempering temperature 600 ~ 690 DEG C; 30 ~ 60mm steel plate adopts off-line Tempering and Quenching, quenching temperature 910 ~ 970 DEG C, tempering temperature 600 ~ 690 DEG C.
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