CN104724703A - Method for preparing adsorptive activated carbon from Musaceae plants - Google Patents
Method for preparing adsorptive activated carbon from Musaceae plants Download PDFInfo
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- CN104724703A CN104724703A CN201510122222.5A CN201510122222A CN104724703A CN 104724703 A CN104724703 A CN 104724703A CN 201510122222 A CN201510122222 A CN 201510122222A CN 104724703 A CN104724703 A CN 104724703A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simple efficient energy-saving method for preparing activated carbon with favorable adsorbability from Musaceae plants, which comprises the following steps: cleaning Musaceae plant raw materials, drying, chopping, pulverizing, screening, mixing the dried Musaceae plant powder with deionized water and acid, carrying out hydrothermal carbonizing treatment, heating the carbonization product and an activator solid powder in an inert gas protective atmosphere to perform activating treatment, and finally, drying and grinding to obtain the activated carbon finished product. The method has the advantages of abundant raw material sources, high resource utilization ratio and simple and efficient technical process, can lower the preparation cost of the adsorptive carbon material, and is economical, practical, green and environment-friendly. The prepared activated carbon has favorable adsorbability for methylene blue (MB), phenols and other printing dyes, and has favorable industrial prospects and social benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of material preparation, be specifically related to a kind of with Musaceae plant for raw material preparation has the method for the gac of good adsorbent performance.
Background technology
The production of conventional carbon generally with bamboo class, timber, coal and heavy crude etc. for raw material, its production cost is high, makes it prepare and is very limited.Traditional starting material are replaced to prepare adsorbable carbon material with cheap, abundant, wild or discarded Musaceae plant, its preparation cost not only can be made greatly to lower, wild and discarded Musaceae plant can be made again to obtain recycle, thus realize making full use of and Sustainable development of resource.
Musaceae plant is mainly distributed in Asia and African torrid areas, and it is of a great variety, and have 3 genus more than 60 to plant, what wherein economic worth was maximum is banana and bajiao banana.Containing being rich in the macromolecular substance such as the Mierocrystalline cellulose of carbon element, hemicellulose and xylogen in a large number in the stem of Musaceae plant, leaf, pericarp.Because wild Musaceae plant distributions is extensive, the Musaceae plant refuse of cultivation, generation is many, cheap, and utilizability is large, contaminative is low, it is a kind of natural raw material of renewable, reusable edible, simultaneously, because Musaceae plant carbon content is high, ash content is low, it is also the good raw material preparing gac.The present invention uses Musaceae plant to prepare gac for raw material, not only lower production cost, reduce environmental pressure, and its technical process is simple, easy and safe to operate, and absorption property and the output of obtained adsorbable gac all effectively improve.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of easy, efficient, energy-conservation with Musaceae plant for raw material preparation has the method for absorption property gac, its feed distribution is extensive, abundance, resource utilization is high, technical process is simple, efficient, effectively reduce the cost of preparation adsorptivity carbon material, and economical and practical, environmental protection, obtained charcoal absorption performance is excellent.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
With Musaceae plant for a method with absorption property gac prepared by raw material, its concrete steps are as follows:
1) raw material prepares: cleaned by Musaceae plant material deionized water and put into dry 18 ~ 24 h of 100 ~ 125 DEG C of baking ovens, then dried raw material is shredded, clays into power, sieves, mesh size is 1 ~ 3 mm, then puts into baking oven 100 ~ 125 DEG C of drying 18 ~ 24 h;
2) hydro-thermal charing: the powder after 2 ~ 10 g step 1) being dried mixes with 10 ~ 15 mL deionized waters, 10 ~ 15 mL acid, be transferred to after at room temperature stirring to be equipped with in teflon-lined water heating kettle and carry out hydro-thermal charing process, the temperature of hydro-thermal charing is 160 ~ 220 DEG C, the treatment time is 12 ~ 30 h, then by the product after charing process with deionized water wash to neutral, to be put in 100 ~ 125 DEG C of baking ovens porphyrize after dry 18 ~ 24 h;
3) activate: in the tube furnace with function of temperature control, be filled with nitrogen or carbonic acid gas 20 ~ 60 min, to discharge the foreign gas in tube furnace, then by step 2) gained carbonizing production and activator pressed powder be placed in tube furnace by weight 2:1 ~ 10:1, react under nitrogen or carbon-dioxide protecting, the temperature in tube furnace is made to rise to 400 ~ 900 DEG C with the speed of 5 ~ 10 DEG C/min from room temperature during reaction, 1-5 h is kept after reaching the highest temperature, treat that stove is chilled to room temperature, take out activation products, finally that product is extremely neutral with deionized water wash;
4) dry, grinding: step 3) gained activation products are put in dry 18 ~ 24 h in 100 ~ 125 DEG C of baking ovens, through grinding have the active carbon finished products of absorption property.
Described Musaceae plant material includes the stem, leaf, pericarp etc. of Musaceae plant.
Step 2) described acid is sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid or nitric acid.
Activator described in step 3) is alkali activator, comprises potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, salt of wormwood, sodium carbonate, the particle diameter <2 mm of its pressed powder.
remarkable advantage of the present invention is:
(1) the present invention uses Musaceae plant for raw material, first through hydro-thermal charing, then is mixed with carbonizing production by activator under protection of inert gas and activates.Wherein, operation is simple for hydro-thermal carbonization process, and material loss is few, and output capacity is large; Reactivation process can effectively avoid the carbon in raw material oxidized, be conducive to the transformation efficiency improving adsorbable carbon material, simultaneously, alkali activator is used in this process, porosity can be improved, increase pore texture, be conducive to obtaining micropore prosperity, gac that specific surface area is high, thus improve the absorption property of gac.Gac prepared by the inventive method has good effect for the treatment of waste water from dyestuff, especially remarkable to the absorption of methylene blue.
(2) relative to the method utilizing traditional raw material (bamboo class, timber, coal, heavy crude etc.) to prepare gac; the present invention has the features such as raw material sources are extensive, production cost is low, resource utilization is high, preparation process is pollution-free; for the exploitation of Musaceae plant and environment protection provide new thinking; and the gac output of preparation is large, good adsorption performance, has good industrial prospect and social benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 for without activated carbon treatment with activated carbon treatment prepared by the embodiment 3 to the comparison diagram of the absorption situation of 100 mg/L methylene blue (MB) solution.
Embodiment
More being convenient to make content of the present invention understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, technical solutions according to the invention are described further, but the present invention being not limited only to this.
Embodiment 1
1) raw material prepares: using Leaf of Japanese Banana as biomass material, clean with deionized water and put into 125 DEG C of dry 18 h of baking oven, then shredded by dried raw material, clay into power, sieve, mesh size is 2 mm, then puts into baking oven 125 DEG C of drying 18 h;
2) hydro-thermal charing: the powder after 2 g step 1) being dried mixes with 10 mL deionized waters, 10 mL nitric acid (concentration 0.1 mol/L), be transferred to after at room temperature stirring 10 min to be equipped with in 50 mL teflon-lined water heating kettles and carry out hydro-thermal charing process, the temperature of hydro-thermal charing is 160 DEG C, the treatment time is 24 h, then the product after charing process is extremely neutral with deionized water wash, be put in dry 24 h in 100 DEG C of baking ovens, after dry, use mortar porphyrize;
3) activate: first in the tube furnace with function of temperature control, be filled with carbonic acid gas 60 min, to discharge the foreign gas in tube furnace, then by step 2) the sodium hydrate solid powder of gained carbonizing production and particle diameter <2 mm mixes by weight 2:1, react under carbon-dioxide protecting, the temperature in tube furnace is made to rise to 400 DEG C with the speed of 5 DEG C/min from room temperature during reaction, 5 h are kept after reaching the highest temperature, finally that the product after activation treatment is extremely neutral with deionized water wash;
4) dry, grinding: step 3) gained activation products are put in dry 24 h in 100 DEG C of baking ovens, through grinding have the active carbon finished products of absorption property.
Embodiment 2
1) raw material prepares: using bajiao banana stem as biomass material, clean with deionized water and put into 100 DEG C of dry 24 h of baking oven, then shredded by dried raw material, clay into power, sieve, mesh size is 1 mm, then puts into baking oven 100 DEG C of drying 24 h;
2) hydro-thermal charing: the powder after 10 g step 1) being dried mixes with 15 mL deionized waters, 15 mL nitric acid (concentration 0.1 mol/L), be transferred to after at room temperature stirring 10 min to be equipped with in 50 mL teflon-lined water heating kettles and carry out hydro-thermal charing process, the temperature of hydro-thermal charing is 220 DEG C, the treatment time is 12 h, then the product after charing process is extremely neutral with deionized water wash, be put in dry 20 h in 125 DEG C of baking ovens, after dry, use mortar porphyrize;
3) activate: first in the tube furnace with function of temperature control, be filled with carbonic acid gas 20 min, to discharge the foreign gas in tube furnace, then by step 2) the potassium hydroxide pressed powder of gained carbonizing production and particle diameter <2 mm mixes by weight 10:1, react under carbon-dioxide protecting, the temperature in tube furnace is made to rise to 900 DEG C with the speed of 8 DEG C/min from room temperature during reaction, 1 h is kept after reaching the highest temperature, finally that the product after activation treatment is extremely neutral with deionized water wash;
4) dry, grinding: step 3) gained activation products are put in dry 18 h in 125 DEG C of baking ovens, through grinding have the active carbon finished products of absorption property.
Embodiment 3
1) raw material prepares: using Pericarpium Musae as raw material, clean with deionized water and put into 103 DEG C of dry 20 h of baking oven, then shredded by dried raw material, clay into power, sieve, mesh size is 3 mm, then puts into baking oven 103 DEG C of drying 20 h;
2) hydro-thermal charing: the powder after 5 g step 1) being dried mixes with 12 mL deionized waters, 12 mL sulfuric acid (concentration 0.1 mol/L), be transferred to after at room temperature stirring 10 min to be equipped with in 50 mL teflon-lined water heating kettles and carry out hydro-thermal charing process, the temperature of hydro-thermal charing is 200 DEG C, the treatment time is 20 h, then the product after charing process is extremely neutral with deionized water wash, be put in dry 18 h in 120 DEG C of baking ovens, after dry, use mortar porphyrize;
3) activate: first in the tube furnace with function of temperature control, be filled with nitrogen 30 min, to discharge the foreign gas in tube furnace, then by step 2) the potassium hydroxide pressed powder of gained carbonizing production and particle diameter <2 mm is placed in tube furnace by weight 4:1, react under nitrogen protection, the temperature in tube furnace is made to rise to 600 DEG C with the speed of 10 DEG C/min from room temperature during reaction, and 2 h are kept at 600 DEG C, treat that stove is chilled to room temperature, take out activation products, product is extremely neutral with deionized water wash;
4) dry, grinding: step 3) gained activation products are put in dry 24 h in 105 DEG C of baking ovens, through grinding have the active carbon finished products of absorption property.
Accurately take prepared gac 0.05 mg, put into 100 mL tool plug Erlenmeyer flasks, add the MB solution that 50 mL concentration are 100 mg/L, stir 30 minutes under normal temperature, getting upper strata dye liquor carries out centrifugal, gets supernatant liquor, measures gac to the photo absorption performance of the absorbancy of MB with ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, and contrast with the same concentration MB solution not adding gac, the results are shown in Figure 1.As seen from Figure 1, compared with the MB solution not adding gac, can obviously reduce MB content in solution with the present embodiment activated carbon treatment, its adsorptive capacity is greater than 99%.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, all equalizations done according to the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. for raw material preparation, there is the method for absorption property gac with Musaceae plant, it is characterized in that: described method comprises the steps:
1) raw material prepares: cleaned by Musaceae plant material, dry, dried raw material is shredded, clays into power, is sieved, then puts into baking oven and carry out drying;
2) hydro-thermal charing: mixed with deionized water, acid by the powder after step 1) oven dry, carries out hydro-thermal charing process after at room temperature stirring, the product deionized water wash after then charing being processed is to neutral, dry in baking oven;
3) activate: in the tube furnace with function of temperature control, be filled with rare gas element, after discharging the foreign gas in tube furnace, by step 2) gained carbonizing production and activator pressed powder react under protection of inert gas, then by the product after activation treatment with deionized water wash to neutral;
4) dry, grinding: by step 3) gained activation products in baking oven after drying, through grinding have the active carbon finished products of absorption property.
2. for raw material preparation, there is the method for absorption property gac with Musaceae plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Musaceae plant material comprises stem, leaf, the pericarp of Musaceae plant.
3. for raw material preparation, there is the method for absorption property gac with Musaceae plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the temperature of described drying is 100 ~ 125 DEG C, and time of drying is 18 ~ 24 h.
4. for raw material preparation, there is the method for absorption property gac with Musaceae plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step 1), the aperture of screen cloth is 1 ~ 3 mm.
5. for raw material preparation, there is the method for absorption property gac with Musaceae plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step 2) in 2 ~ 10 g dry after powder and 10 ~ 15 mL deionized waters, 10 ~ 15 mL acid mix; Described acid is sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid or nitric acid.
6. for raw material preparation, there is the method for absorption property gac with Musaceae plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step 2) in the temperature of hydro-thermal charing process be 160 ~ 220 DEG C, the time is 12 ~ 30 h.
7. according to claim 1 with Musaceae plant for raw material preparation has the method for absorption property gac, it is characterized in that: the concrete operations of step 3) priming reaction are: first logical 20 ~ 60 min rare gas elementes, then make the temperature in tube furnace rise to 400 ~ 900 DEG C from room temperature with the speed of 5 ~ 10 DEG C/min, after reaching the highest temperature, keep 1-5 h.
8. for raw material preparation, there is the method for absorption property gac with Musaceae plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step 3), the weight ratio of activator pressed powder and carbonizing production is 1:2 ~ 1:10; Described activator is alkali activator, comprises potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, salt of wormwood, sodium carbonate; The particle diameter <2 mm of its pressed powder.
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| CN111495322A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-08-07 | 海南省农业科学院农产品加工设计研究所 | Rambutan peel modified charcoal and preparation method and application thereof |
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