CN104717658B - Using the jamming control method of frequency spectrum distribution in cognition network - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses the jamming control methods that frequency spectrum distribution is used in a kind of cognition network.In cognition network, cognitive user is communicated by occupying the idle frequency spectrum of authorized user；First, cognitive nodes detect the congestion condition of itself according to average data transfer rate, and divide degree of Congestion；It is then detected that sending congestion notification information to the cognitive nodes of congestion to management node, after management node receives congestion notification message, frequency spectrum is distributed according to the degree of Congestion of the cognitive nodes of application frequency spectrum；Finally, after congested node obtains frequency spectrum distribution, congestion is set according to current cache length and releases the period；Congestion release algorithm terminate and then it is secondary actively carries out congestion detection, to thoroughly release congestion；If congestion does not occur, it is not processed.The present invention improves cognitive nodes and uses the fairness of frequency spectrum, and can effectively reduce collision, reduces packet loss and increase handling capacity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the communications field, the jamming control method in a kind of cognition network is more particularly related to.
Background technology
With the fast development of wireless communication technique, the demand to radio spectrum resources is continuously increased so that wireless frequency spectrum
Resource becomes very rare.Under existing static spectral distribution policy, certain special frequency channels are very crowded, are difficult almost
New frequency spectrum resource is provided again.At the same time, the frequency spectrum service efficiency much authorized is low, and the utilization rate of most of frequency spectrum is insufficient
5%, there is a large amount of frequency spectrum cavity-pockets.Therefore, it is Current wireless communication field urgent need to resolve to improve and authorize the utilization ratio of frequency spectrum
The problem of.The appearance of wireless cognition network, the effective solution above problem.Cognitive user in wireless cognition network passes through reality
When perceive the service condition of external spectrum, find simultaneously to carry out data transmission using idle mandate frequency spectrum, realize frequency spectrum resource
Dynamic is shared.
There are two class users in cognition wireless network：Primary user PU, primary user and cognitive user CU,
cognitive user.Primary user is the authorized user in designated spectrum；Cognitive user does not have any frequency spectrum using authorizing, only
There is the frequency spectrum as primary user to occur under idle condition, its spectrum communication could be occupied.However, in environment of cognitive radio network,
It is more in same mandate spectral coverage since the access way or transmission power of different cognitive users are not necessarily identical
A cognitive user is likely to occur interference phenomenon during accessing and using frequency spectrum.Meanwhile authorizing the priority time of frequency spectrum distribution
Sequence will also influence the final result of frequency spectrum distribution.Currently, having frequency spectrum assigning process exhibition of the part research for cognitive radio
Discussion has been opened, by analyzing the relationship between multiple cognitive users vied each other, has met certain item by authorizing frequency spectrum to distribute to
The cognitive user of part uses.It can be found that existing frequency spectrum allocation algorithm is in the assignment procedure mainly with specific object function
For guidance, the fairness of the congestion condition and frequency spectrum assigning process of cognitive user is not considered.Such algorithm is in the assignment procedure
It is leading to maximize target capabilities, frequency spectrum resource may be preferentially distributed to the stronger cognitive user of partial competition power, caused
There is congestion since usable spectrum is occupied in the weaker cognitive user of other competitiveness；Other mandate frequency spectrum resource due to
There is no cognitive user to access and continues vacant, generation " hungry to death " phenomenon.
In summary, the existing method that congestion is solved in cognition network is mainly based upon frequency spectrum and distributes come what is realized, recognizes
Know that user is likely to occur interference in the competition process of insertion authority frequency spectrum, some cognitive users are since long period contention is less than frequency spectrum
It is likely to occur congestion, and there is no consider gathering around for cognitive user itself during frequency spectrum distributes for existing frequency spectrum allocation algorithm
Plug-like condition.The congestion condition and fair distribution frequency spectrum for how accurately detecting cognitive user itself are congestion control urgent need to resolve
Key technology difficulty, and the heat subject studied at present.
Invention content
For above-mentioned cognitive user, generated congestion problems, the present invention propose in the competition process of insertion authority frequency spectrum
It is a kind of in cognition network using the jamming control method of frequency spectrum distribution.Cognitive nodes are by monitoring the data in a period of time
Transmission rate detects congestion, if congestion occurs, sends congestion notification information to management node, management node is according to application frequency spectrum
Cognitive nodes degree of Congestion carry out frequency spectrum distribution；After congested node obtains frequency spectrum distribution, distributed according to current cache length
Congestion releases the period, to alleviate congestion.The present invention improves cognitive nodes and uses the fairness of frequency spectrum, and can effectively reduce and touch
It hits, reduce packet loss and increase handling capacity.
The present invention is proposed using the jamming control method of frequency spectrum distribution in a kind of cognition network, in cognition network, cognition
User is communicated by occupying the idle frequency spectrum of authorized user；There are one management nodes in cognitive user, for perceiving, divide
Match and management of frequency spectrum；First, cognitive nodes judge degree of Congestion according to current data transfer rates, and are sent to management node and carry congestion
The congestion notification message of degree；Then, management node carries out frequency spectrum distribution according to the degree of Congestion of the cognitive nodes of application frequency spectrum；Most
Afterwards, after cognitive nodes obtain frequency spectrum distribution, the period is released to set congestion according to current cache length, and released into congestion
Journey includes the following steps：
Step 1: in management node cycle detection network whole authorized users frequency spectrums of operation, judge the work of authorized user
Make whether frequency spectrum is idle, if the frequency spectrum of authorized user is idle, this frequency spectrum is added in available frequency stave；
Step 2: after management node receives the communication requests of cognitive nodes, if available frequency stave is not sky, from table point
With frequency spectrum to cognitive nodes, and this frequency spectrum is added to and has been used in frequency spectrum table；Otherwise, refusal respond letter is sent out to cognitive nodes
Breath；
Step 3: if cognitive nodes need to communicate, request is sent out to management node, when cognitive nodes obtain management node
Frequency spectrum distribution after, communicated with other cognitive nodes using the frequency spectrum obtained from management node；If the authorized user of the frequency spectrum
It needs to use current spectral, then cognitive user exits the frequency spectrum；Otherwise, sign off backed off after random frequency spectrum；
Step 4: cognitive nodes periodically calculate average data transfer rate Ptran, and transmitted according to current mean data
Rate detects the congestion condition of itself；If there is congestion, congestion is classified to the degree of Congestion for generating node itself, and degree of Congestion is embedding
Enter into congestion notification packet, be sent to management node, executes step 5；Otherwise, step 8 is executed；
Step 5: after management node receives congestion notification packet, according to available frequency stave and use in frequency spectrum table
Information, and frequency spectrum distribution is carried out according to the degree of Congestion of the cognitive nodes of application frequency spectrum；
Step 6: congested node obtains the frequency spectrum distribution of management node, setting congestion according to buffer storage length releases the period, and
Process is released into congestion；Otherwise, frequency spectrum distribution is waited for；
Step 7: after congestion releases end cycle, cognitive nodes judge whether congestion releases, if the average data of node
Transmission rate PtranMore than congestion threshold βmax, then follow the steps eight；Otherwise, step 4 is executed；
Step 8: terminating.
Compared with existing jamming control method, advantage of the invention is that：
1, cognitive nodes proposed by the present invention detect the congestion condition of itself by average data transfer rate, can not only
In real time and the accurate congestion condition of detection itself, additional communication overhead is not needed yet, detection method is simple.It is released in congestion
Cognitive nodes set congestion according to current cache length and release the period in the process, can release process in congestion to avoid congested node
Medium-term and long-term occupancy frequency spectrum, and other cognitive nodes is caused to generate congestion.It releases algorithm having executed congestion and then secondary is gathered around
Plug judgement, it can be ensured that the thorough releasing of congestion.
2, the present invention executes frequency spectrum allocation algorithm according to degree of Congestion, and congested node can not only occupy idle frequency spectrum, also
The frequency spectrum that other low degree of Congestion nodes can be occupied reduces the time of congested node access frequency spectrum；Improve what frequency spectrum used
Fairness and efficiency effectively reduce collision and packet loss, and improve handling capacity.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the congestion control flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is network topology structure schematic diagram in cognition network provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of management node frequency spectrum assigning process in cognition network provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation method
The present invention proposes in a kind of cognition network using the jamming control method of frequency spectrum distribution.Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to this
The embodiment work of invention is further specifically described.
1. referring to attached drawing 1, it is the congestion control flow chart of the present invention；In the present invention, first, cognitive nodes pass through prison
The data transmission rate of survey itself detects congestion, and divides degree of Congestion；It is then detected that being sent out to the cognitive nodes of congestion to management node
After sending congestion notification information, management node to receive congestion notification message, according to available frequency stave and the information in frequency spectrum table has been used,
And degree of Congestion is combined to distribute frequency spectrum to congested node；Finally, it after congested node obtains frequency spectrum distribution, is set according to current cache length
Determine congestion to release the period and access frequency spectrum progress congestion releasing；After congested node executes congestion releasing algorithm, then carry out congestion inspection
It surveys, so as to thoroughly release congestion；If congestion does not occur, it is not processed.
2. referring to attached drawing 2, it is network topology structure schematic diagram in cognition network provided in this embodiment；In the present embodiment
In, it is assumed that there are N+1 cognitive nodes in cognition network, one of them is management node.In the coverage area of cognition network, have
One mandate network, shares M frequency spectrums of operation, is denoted as f1f2f3......fM-1fM, maximum authorized user is M, corresponding distribution
Corresponding frequency spectrums of operation.Cognitive user could use its frequency spectrum, when some is recognized when the frequency spectrum of authorized user is idle
When knowing that user communicates, first, pass through common signal channel fcomTo management node MCRSend communication request；Then, management section
Point selects suitable frequency spectrum to distribute to cognitive user in the idle frequency spectrum detected.Specific implementation step is as follows：
1) management node MCRThe frequency spectrums of operation f of whole authorized users in cycle detection mandate network1~fM, judge that frequency spectrum is
This frequency spectrum is added to available frequency stave ST by the no free time if the frequency spectrum of authorized user is idleavaIn；If available frequency stave STava
In frequency spectrum used by cognitive user, then this frequency spectrum is deleted from table；
2) management node MCRAfter the communication request for receiving cognitive nodes, if available frequency stave STavaIn have frequency spectrum, then from table
In arbitrarily distribute frequency spectrum fiIt is communicated to cognitive nodes, and this frequency spectrum is added to and has used frequency spectrum STuseIn table；Otherwise, to recognizing
Know that node sends out refusal respond information；
3) as cognitive nodes CR1After the frequency spectrum distribution for obtaining management node, the frequency spectrum f obtained from management node is usediWith
Other cognitive nodes communications；If the authorized user of the frequency spectrum needs that current spectral, cognitive nodes is used to exit the frequency spectrum；It is no
Then, sign off backed off after random frequency spectrum.
3. cognitive nodes once detect congestion, congestion notification information will be sent to management node；When acquisition frequency
After spectrum distribution, executes congestion and release algorithm.Specific implementation step is as follows：
1) data transmission rate of the cognitive nodes within the T periodsFor：
NstFor the number of cognitive nodes data Successful transmissions within the T periods, NbtIt executes and moves back within the T periods for cognitive nodes
The number that channel busy is detected after keeping away the time transmits the number of failure, N due to channel busyrtIt is cognitive nodes at T weeks
The number for not having successfully received response message in phase and retransmitting；Cognitive nodes update current average data transfer rate PtranFor：
Wherein 0 ＜ ω ＜ 1
Cognitive nodes judge degree of Congestion C after cycle T, according to transmission rated：
If Ptran＞ βmax, wherein 0 ＜ βmax＜ 1, then the degree of Congestion C of predicate nodedIt is 0；
If βmin＜ Ptran＜ βmax, wherein 0 ＜ βmin＜ βmax, then the degree of Congestion C of predicate nodedIt is 1；
If Ptran＜ βmin, then the degree of Congestion C of predicate nodedIt is 2；
If Ptran=0, then the degree of Congestion C of predicate nodedIt is 3；
Cognitive nodes are by degree of Congestion CdIt is embedded into congestion notification packet, is sent to management node；
2) if the cognitive nodes for congestion occur obtain the frequency spectrum distribution of management node, sets congestion and release the period；Assuming that
Node sends the time that a data packet needs as t：
If 1. the current cache length Q of nodel, meet condition Ql＜ σminQmax, wherein 0 ＜ σmin＜ 1 then sets congestion solution
Except the period is T1, wherein 0 ＜ T1≤σminQmaxt；
If 2. the current cache length Q of nodel, meet condition σminQmax＜ Ql＜ σmaxQmax, wherein σmin＜ σmax＜ 1, then
It sets congestion and releases the period as T2=(σmax-σmin)Qmaxt；
If 3. the current cache length Q of nodel, meet condition Ql＞ σmaxQmax, then set congestion and release the period as T3=
(1-σmin)Qmaxt；After period allocated, immediately accesses frequency spectrum and enter congestion releasing process；
3) after congestion releases end cycle, the cognitive nodes for congestion occur judge whether congestion releases：If Ptran＞
βmax, then judge that congestion releases；Otherwise, it executes 2).
4. referring to attached drawing 3, it is the flow chart of management node frequency spectrum assigning process in cognition network provided in this embodiment；
After management node receives congestion notification packet, according to available frequency stave STavaFrequency spectrum table ST is useduseIn information, and
Frequency spectrum is distributed in conjunction with degree of Congestion, specific implementation step is as follows：
1) if management node receives degree of Congestion CdFor 1 congestion notification packet, available frequency stave ST is checkedavaIf there is frequency in table
Spectrum then arbitrarily selects a frequency spectrum fiDistribute to current congested node；Otherwise, the frequency no congestion cognitive nodes occupied
Spectrum distributes to congested node；
2) if management node receives degree of Congestion CdFor 2 congestion notification packet, available frequency stave ST is checkedavaIf frequency spectrum table is not
For sky, then a frequency spectrum f is arbitrarily selectediDistribute to current congested node；Otherwise, it checks and has used frequency spectrum table STuse, and
The frequency spectrum f for successively occupying no congestion cognitive nodes from tablejOr degree of Congestion CdFor the frequency spectrum f of 1 cognitive nodes occupancykDistribution
To congested node；
3) if management node receives degree of Congestion CdFor 3 congestion notification packet, available frequency stave ST is checkedavaIf frequency spectrum table is not
For sky, then a frequency spectrum f is arbitrarily selectediDistribute to current congested node；Otherwise, it checks and has used frequency spectrum table STuse, and
The frequency spectrum f for successively occupying no congestion cognitive nodes from tablejOr degree of Congestion CdFor the frequency spectrum f of 1 or 2 cognitive nodes occupancykPoint
Dispensing congested node.
Claims (4)
1. using the jamming control method of frequency spectrum distribution in cognition network, which is characterized in that in cognition network, cognitive user is logical
The idle frequency spectrum for crossing occupancy authorized user communicates；There are one management nodes in cognitive user, for perceiving, distributing and manage
Manage frequency spectrum；First, cognitive nodes judge degree of Congestion according to data transmission rate, and the congestion for carrying degree of Congestion is sent to management node
Notice message；Then, management node carries out frequency spectrum distribution according to the degree of Congestion of the cognitive nodes of application frequency spectrum；Finally, it recognizes
After node obtains frequency spectrum distribution, the period is released to set congestion according to current buffer storage length, and enter congestion and release process, institute
The method of stating at least includes the following steps：
Step 1: in management node cycle detection network whole authorized users frequency spectrums of operation, judge the work frequency of authorized user
Whether spectrum is idle, if the frequency spectrum of authorized user is idle, this frequency spectrum is added in available frequency stave；
Step 2: after management node receives the communication requests of cognitive nodes, if available frequency stave is not sky, frequency is distributed from table
It composes to cognitive nodes, and this frequency spectrum is added to and has been used in frequency spectrum table；Otherwise, refusal respond information is sent out to cognitive nodes；
Step 3: if cognitive nodes need to communicate, request is sent out to management node, when cognitive nodes obtain the frequency of management node
After spectrum distribution, communicated with other cognitive nodes using the frequency spectrum obtained from management node；If the authorized user of the frequency spectrum needs
Using current spectral, then cognitive user exits the frequency spectrum；Otherwise, sign off backed off after random frequency spectrum；
Step 4: the average data transfer rate P of the periodic calculate node of cognitive nodestran, and passed according to current average data
Defeated rate detects the congestion condition of itself；If there is congestion, congestion is classified to the degree of Congestion for generating node itself, and by degree of Congestion
It is embedded into congestion notification packet and is sent to management node, executes step 5；Otherwise, step 8 is executed；
Step 5: after management node receives congestion notification packet, according to available frequency stave and the information in frequency spectrum table has been used,
And frequency spectrum distribution is carried out according to the degree of Congestion of the cognitive nodes of application frequency spectrum；
Step 6: after the frequency spectrum distribution of congested node acquisition management node, congestion is set according to buffer storage length and releases the period, is gone forward side by side
Enter congestion and releases process；Otherwise, frequency spectrum distribution is waited for；
Step 7: after congestion releases end cycle, cognitive nodes judge whether congestion releases, if the mean data transfer of node
Rate PtranMore than congestion threshold βmax, then follow the steps eight；Otherwise, step 4 is executed；
Step 8: terminating.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that cognitive nodes detect the congestion condition of itself and draw in step 4
Divide degree of Congestion, it is at least further comprising the steps of：
1) cognitive nodes obtain the average time T of the channel distribution of management nodeavgFor：
LRFor the length for the request packet that cognitive nodes are sent, LCFor the length for the response packet that management node is replied, DW is
The transmission rate of packet, tbfFor the average backing off time of node competitive channel, tdelayFor the transmission delay of packet；Cognitive nodes are in institute
After thering is neighbor node all to obtain a channel distribution, i.e. T=N × Tavg, detect the congestion condition of itself；Wherein, N is cognition
The neighbor node total number of node；
2) data transmission rate of the cognitive nodes within the T periodsFor：
NstFor the number of cognitive nodes Successful transmissions data within the T periods, NbtFor cognitive nodes back off time is executed within the T periods
After detect the number of channel busy, i.e., the number of failure, N are transmitted due to channel busyrtDo not have within the T periods for cognitive nodes
There is the number for having successfully received response packet and retransmitting；Therefore, cognitive nodes update current average data transfer rate PtranFor：
Wherein 0 ＜ ω ＜ 1
3) cognitive nodes judge degree of Congestion C according to transmission rated：
If Ptran＞ βmax, wherein 0 ＜ βmax＜ 1, then the degree of Congestion C of predicate nodedIt is 0, i.e., without congestion；
If βmin＜ Ptran＜ βmax, wherein 0 ＜ βmin＜ βmax, then the degree of Congestion C of predicate nodedIt is 1；
If Ptran＜ βmin, then the degree of Congestion C of predicate nodedIt is 2；
If Ptran=0, then the degree of Congestion C of predicate nodedIt is 3.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that in step 5 management node receive congestion notification packet it
Afterwards, according to available frequency stave and the information in frequency spectrum table has been used, frequency spectrum point is carried out according to the degree of Congestion of the cognitive nodes of application frequency spectrum
Match, it is at least further comprising the steps of：
1) if management node receives degree of Congestion CdFor 1 congestion notification packet a frequency is arbitrarily selected if there is usable spectrum
Spectrum distributes to current congested node；Otherwise, the frequency spectrum that no congestion cognitive nodes occupy is distributed into congested node；
2) if management node receives degree of Congestion CdFor 2 congestion notification packet a frequency is arbitrarily selected if there is usable spectrum
Spectrum distributes to current congested node；It otherwise, successively will be without congestion cognitive nodes or degree of Congestion CdFor 1 cognitive nodes occupy
Frequency spectrum distributes to congested node；
3) if management node receives degree of Congestion CdFor 3 congestion notification packet a frequency is arbitrarily selected if there is usable spectrum
Spectrum distributes to current congested node；It otherwise, successively will be without congestion cognitive nodes and degree of Congestion CdCognitive nodes less than 3 occupy
Frequency spectrum distribute to congested node.
4. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the cognitive nodes of congestion obtain the frequency of management node in step 6
After spectrum distribution, setting congestion releases the period, at least further comprising the steps of：
Assuming that it is t that node, which sends the time that a data packet needs,；
If 1) the current cache length Q of nodel, meet condition Ql＜ σminQmax, wherein 0 ＜ σmin＜ 1 then sets congestion and releases week
Phase is T1, wherein 0 ＜ T1≤σminQmaxt；
If 2) the current cache length Q of nodel, meet condition σminQmax＜ Ql＜ σmaxQmax, wherein σmin＜ σmax＜ 1, then set
Congestion releases the period as T2=(σmax-σmin)Qmaxt；
If 3) the current cache length Q of nodel, meet condition Ql＞ σmaxQmax, then set congestion and release the period as T3=(1-
σmin)Qmaxt。
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