CN104715675A - GIS (geographic information system) electronic map suitable for physical distribution path optimization - Google Patents
GIS (geographic information system) electronic map suitable for physical distribution path optimization Download PDFInfo
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- CN104715675A CN104715675A CN201510154404.0A CN201510154404A CN104715675A CN 104715675 A CN104715675 A CN 104715675A CN 201510154404 A CN201510154404 A CN 201510154404A CN 104715675 A CN104715675 A CN 104715675A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B29/00—Maps; Plans; Charts; Diagrams, e.g. route diagram
- G09B29/003—Maps
- G09B29/006—Representation of non-cartographic information on maps, e.g. population distribution, wind direction, radiation levels, air and sea routes
- G09B29/007—Representation of non-cartographic information on maps, e.g. population distribution, wind direction, radiation levels, air and sea routes using computer methods
Abstract
In order to solve the physical distribution path optimization problem, the invention provides a GIS (geographic information system) electronic map suitable for physical distribution path optimization. The GIS electronic map comprises an object layer, an icon layer, an analysis layer, a traffic road information layer and a physical distribution website setting layer, wherein the object layer is provided with geographic objects in an area which is determined according to the physical distribution path; the icon layer is used for amplifying, reducing and horizontally moving the geographic objects in the object layer; the analysis layer is used for analyzing in the distribution path area according to the information of the object layer and maintaining the geographic objects; the traffic road information layer is used for setting traffic road information on the object layer; and the physical distribution website setting layer is used for setting physical distribution website information. The GIS electronic map can be used for automatically obtaining a shortest economical distance between any two points and automatically obtaining street names between the two points and delivery sequences.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of GIS electronic chart, more specifically, relate to a kind of GIS electronic chart being applicable to logistics distribution path optimization.
Background technology
Logistics distribution route optimization problem is one of sixty-four dollar question in delivery process, and it directly has influence on the cost of the efficiency of dispensing, service quality and dispensing.Distribution path optimizing, based on shortest path, can be summed up as the critical path problem of positive cost network.
Urban logistics distribution take city as dispensing scope, the various complexity of distribution route, and in delivery process, each section is comparatively large by the impact of various transport information, being restricted between node.Usual existence two class traffic restricted information: the first kind is dynamic traffic restricted information, is characterized in changing and dynamic change in time, as traffic jam; Equations of The Second Kind is static traffic restricted information, and this kind of restricted information changes comparatively slow in time, traffic rules or the traffic controls such as a series of speed limits made as traffic control department, forbidden, no turn and one-way traffic.On the other hand, the transport power of loglstics enterprise is certain, and that is, the quantity of vehicle and the quantity of driver are limited.How to make full use of optimization allocation that these limited resources carry out logistics distribution path just become logistic industry generally to need to consider and must faced by problem.
When relating to traffic shortest path and transport critical path problem, most article, just simply using geographic distance or the spended time weight as each arc, asks critical path problem or optimum path problems to be namely the route of asking space length the shortest or time used minimum routes.This mode determining weight, its most direct benefit is exactly convenient and swift, easily operates, and is convenient to understand.But there is obvious defect in it.For dispensing problem, it is not simple objective programming, and it relates to several factors, and various influence factor or dynamic change, thus, Distribution path optimization problem is in fact a multi-target dynamic programming problem.Single with distance or time for weight, delivery process total optimization can not be obtained.Sometimes geographic distance may be very short, but due to congested in traffic or road conditions are not good, also can spend long time.Very high expense, reduces the efficiency of dispensing.On the contrary, for the section of smooth traffic, although distance is longer, the time used may be very short, also relates to the problem such as toll, cross-bridge-expense simultaneously.
Zou Xudong, Zheng Sifa, " having the road network optimal path algorithm of traffic restriction " (highway communication science and technology that the people such as steel write is learned by class, 2002, (8): the Weight Determination 82 ~ 84) providing a kind of improvement, according to the crowded degree of road to the key element weighting of given section, weighting coefficient is multiplied by as section weighting length by road section length, road section traffic volume is blocking more, and the weighting coefficient in this section is larger.Does this Weight Determination comparatively first two improve to some extent, but does not illustrate weighting coefficient in literary composition and how to determine? do not illustrate that weight is that definite value is still for variate yet.Because congested in traffic degree is dynamic, affect comparatively large by unscheduled event, so weighting coefficient is not easily determined, its basis of reference is also not easily determined.Meanwhile, do not consider the extra cost cost issues that may add, so be worth inquiring into the feasibility that Distribution path is optimized.In sum, with geographic distance and Time dependent weight, and the method determination weight that the document provides, all there is one-sidedness, there is defect in various degree.
By the deep anatomy to the various factors of weighing factor in literary composition, set up the weight model based on cost.Here cost comprises dispensing expense and time cost, because dispensing cost minimization and critical path problem essence are similar, so be in fact based on apart from, expense and time comprehensively minimum route selection based on cost minimization optimum path search.Although the method seems more loaded down with trivial details, but it is objective, comprehensive, fully comprise the information such as geographic distance, time gap, traffic information and additional expense, and it or a dynamic change control method, according to different periods, different sections, determine different weighting coefficients, reflect the actual conditions of road.
In order to reach the optimization of urban logistics distribution route, using the weight of the distribution cost coefficient in each section as each section of arc, namely the optimal route solved is the minimum route of cost coefficient.When determining weight (cost coefficient), for embodying the dynamic effects of traffic jam to dispensing, logistics distribution cost is mainly divided into oil consumption cost F1, the artificial and means of transport time takies opportunity cost F2 and fringe cost F3 three parts.Wherein F1 not only reflects the distance of dispensing, and reflection traffic information; F2 mainly reflects the road crowded state of different sections of highway, Different periods; F3 mainly refers to the extra costs such as above-mentioned toll, cross-bridge-expense, general more fixing according to section.Each expense expression formula such as formula (1), (2).
Fi1＝Y×Li×(1+Hi) (1)
Fi2＝(CH+CT)Tvi(1+Kij)＝(CH+CT)(Livli)(1+Hi)(1+Kij) (2)
In formula: Fi1 is the i-th section oil consumption cost; Fi2 took opportunity cost the i-th section time; Fi3 is the i-th section fringe cost; Y is unit distance oil consumption cost; Li is the i-th section Euclid air line distance; Hi is the i-th section actual range and air line distance correction factor; CH is unit time cost of labor; CT is unit time means of transport opportunity cost; Tvi is the averaging time by the i-th section; Vli is the average velocity by the i-th section; Kij is the i-th section jth period road crowded state correction factor. wherein, parameter Hi can be determined according to urban highway traffic empirical value.
In addition, " the fixed point decision-making technique of logistics system individual facilities " (containerzation that Song Bai writes, 2000 (7): 5 ~ 8) provide reduction coefficient air line distance approximate conversion being become highway, railway and avenue actual range, increase by 21%, 24% and 42% respectively.Kij can obtain according to historical data regretional analysis, or is judged by empirical value, and when if the road is clear, namely flow speeds equals Vvi, Kij gets 0.
Meanwhile, consider expense and the balance of time, set up distribution network weight model, the cost weight in the i-th section is
wi＝A
i×Fi1+(1-Ai)×Fi2+Fi3 (3)
In formula: Ai is the i-th Road Expense preference coefficient; (1-Ai) be i-th section time preference's coefficient.
The final target line Optimized Operation final goal realized of line optimization scheduling realizes logistics center's operating process transformation, really realizes the separation of sales visit from delivery.(1) consignment invoice of the current vehicle of current operating process generates to be determined according to circuit completely, is difficult to optimize on the whole, improves deliver goods efficiency.(2) the improved operating process of improved operating process is under the Geographic Information System (GIS) and decision support system (DSS) (DSS) effect of retail logistics dispensing distribution, according to electronics row single system, generate the consignment invoice after optimizing, change original defect of determining delivery line by circuit, operating process really realizes the separation of sales visit from delivery.
Form a common recognition up and down at present: want to realize delivery line optimal design-aside, first must have a practicable GIS application platform.And the GIS electronic chart matched with it addresses this problem and primarily solves.
Summary of the invention
Be applicable to a GIS electronic chart for logistics distribution path optimization, comprise:
Object layer, it has the geographic object in the region determined according to logistics distribution path;
Icon layer, it amplifies the geographic object of object layer, reduce, translation;
Analysis layer, it carries out the analysis in logistics distribution passage zone according to the information of object layer and safeguards geographic object;
Traffic route Information Level, it arranges traffic route information on object layer;
Logistics distribution site arranges layer, and it is arranged logistics distribution network dot information.
Further, described logistics distribution network dot information comprises sequence number, title, site rank, contact method.
Further, described traffic route information comprises: from logistics center to the road conditions of each logistics distribution site, circuit number is mainly set, the time of sending a car, each street distance, originating point, end point.
Further, the maintenance of geographic object comprises the maintenance of Fundamental Geographic Information System and thematic information, arranges and/or revise the information of driver, the information of vehicle.
Further, the information of driver comprises name, numbering, armed state, deliver goods region.
Further, the information of vehicle comprises vehicle, car plate, numbering, appearance carrying capacity, car age, armed state.
Further, described electronic chart also comprises meteorology layer.
Further, described electronic chart also comprises longitude and latitude layer.
Beneficial effect of the present invention comprises: this electronic chart has the function that width is drawn in proportion, street number shows automatically.This electronic chart GIS information updating is timely.On electronic chart, automatically can obtain the shortest economic distance between any two points, automatically obtain this point-to-point transmission the street name of process and deliver goods sequencing.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows the electronic chart that the present invention realizes.
Embodiment
According to embodiments of the invention, the GIS electronic chart being applicable to logistics distribution path optimization comprises:
Object layer, it has the geographic object in the region determined according to logistics distribution path; This layer comprises longitude and latitude layer, and each geographic object all has this attribute of longitude and latitude.The locus at each geographic object place of this attribute representation, can distinguish their relative position relation on map.
Icon layer, it amplifies the geographic object of object layer, reduce, translation; This layer comprises the icon of described each geographic object, and the exaggerated icon of each icon and reduced icon accordingly.
Analysis layer, it carries out the analysis in logistics distribution passage zone according to the information of object layer and safeguards geographic object; This layer, based on the latitude and longitude coordinates in object layer, sets up the minimal path relation between each geographic object, and based on this minimal path relation, determines best logistics distribution path according to Decision Support System for Optimal Dispatching model.Meanwhile, this analysis layer icon of also upgrading or being associated with this geographic object in the geographic object of deleting object layer and icon layer.
Traffic route Information Level, it arranges traffic route information on object layer; This layer of assistant analysis layer determines minimal path relation.Between two geographic object, set up the whole routes determined according to traffic route information, be beneficial to the shortest path calculated between them.
Logistics distribution site arranges layer, and it is arranged logistics distribution network dot information.These sites are arranged by according to priority, the rank of each site during to represent logistics distribution.
Described logistics distribution network dot information comprises sequence number, title, site rank, contact method.
Described traffic route information comprises: from logistics center to the road conditions of each logistics distribution site, circuit number is mainly set, the time of sending a car, each street distance, originating point, end point.
The maintenance of geographic object comprises the maintenance of Fundamental Geographic Information System and thematic information, arranges and/or revise the information of driver, the information of vehicle.
The information of driver comprises name, numbering, armed state, deliver goods region.
The information of vehicle comprises vehicle, car plate, numbering, appearance carrying capacity, car age, armed state.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, described electronic chart also comprises meteorology layer.This meteorology layer can represent the weather condition of each traffic route in traffic route Information Level accordingly, thus provides weather parameters to analysis layer.Preferably, in this case, analysis layer also adjusts best logistics distribution path according to this weather parameters and chooses shortest path or second shortest path or other paths.
Logistics distribution GIS electronic chart possesses following target: the basic operational functions of (1) electronic chart, comprise the amplification of view, reduce, translation, the mark (getting ready) of main delivery location, the amount of the Distance geometry area that mouse is mutual is calculated, the attribute information etc. of inquiry geographic object.(2) network analysis function.As between logistics distribution site, shortest path query, economic distance calculating, recently facility are searched, radiation areas are analyzed.(3) maintenance function of geographic object is provided, comprise the maintenance of Fundamental Geographic Information System and thematic information, as arranged the information (comprising the parameters such as name, numbering, armed state, deliver goods region) of amendment driver, the information of vehicle (comprising the parameters such as vehicle, car plate, numbering, appearance carrying capacity, car age, armed state).(4) traffic route information is arranged, mainly refer to the road conditions from logistics center to each logistics distribution site, circuit number be mainly set, the time of sending a car, each street distance parameter such as (1 meter will be accurate to), originating point, end point.(5) mainly arrange logistics distribution site, what comprise the data such as sequence number, title, site rank, contact method arranges amendment.Form a common recognition up and down at present: want to realize delivery line optimal design-aside, first must have a practicable GIS application platform.
Set up stream line Decision Support System for Optimal Dispatching model, adopt advanced derivation algorithm (as savings method, genetic algorithm etc.) reliably, this model and algorithm is dissolved in computer application software simultaneously, input various restricted boundary condition and objective function, the electronics consignment invoice of final output each car each every day, change the delivery line pattern corresponding with circuit being axle center with former wholesale department, realize the deliver goods arrangement of workload relative equilibrium.(1) the original drawback according to circuit determination delivery line has been broken in the line optimization of model and algorithm analyte stream, and delineation optimization object is logistics distribution site, more than 10000, whole city, by logistics center's United Dispatching vehicle, concentrates train number deliver goods.Here adopt saving algrithm or genetic algorithm, the optimal route when local optimum is inherited, is applied to entirety, the remainder (i.e. extragenetic part) of other remaining parts then around calmodulin binding domain CaM is optimized.So go down, gradually other region is incorporated to the category of optimization, finally just expand to entirety, namely the information that model draws can be used to decision-making and export, namely according to each difference of deliver goods quantity, the difference of each position, and the difference of corresponding size of order, export the dynamic optimization of this delivery line vehicle scheduling.The main performing step of this system model algorithm is as follows: 1. according to the purchasing order information of different delivery line, and statistics amount on order, the information of this part obtains from the database of computing center of company ordering system module at present.2. inquire about logistics center's vehicle database, obtain model and the quantity of available vehicle.Do an early stage to the vehicle needed to estimate, the quantity of estimation is: total order quantity, divided by the capacity of car, if there is polytype, then first selects capacity large, then selects capacity little, so go down.The network chart of all logistics distribution sites of this deliver goods of information structuring 3. utilizing GIS to provide.4. utilize the relevant knowledge of graph theory, search path the shortest of trying, while search, the sales volume of selling a little of cumulative process, be limited with the capacity that can not exceed vehicle, what obtain like this is an optimal path.The principle of car is selected to be from big to small for sequence with capacity.5. repeat the 3rd step, find out all path optimizings in this region.6. a preset satisfactory value, when the actual weight of load of vehicle and the ratio of vehicle capacity are greater than set satisfactory value, think optimum (often can not be fully loaded with because of vehicle in practical operation), such path just can inherit; And satisfactory value is less than to those, then combine, again utilize the algorithm of optimal path to find out optimum path; Because the specification of vehicle varies, in general, be to ensure that the ratio of all path optimizings is greater than satisfactory value.And this satisfactory value also constantly can be revised according to the result of constantly practice, slowly increases.Like this, overall optimum solution will be tended to gradually.7. increase all paths of satisfactory value double counting, so repeatedly, until satisfactory value can not increase, path optimizing is at this moment desired result.Wherein the setting of satisfactory value is variable, it be less than 1 an amount, its reflection vehicle capacity actual load efficiency, be also a key element of pricing.
After line optimization design, mainly contain some clear superiority following: 1. make logistics delivery send the application of single system to reach modern domestic Developing Logistics level of synchronization; 2. the regional layout after dividing is by more reasonable, geographic position Relatively centralized, and estimate to reduce total delivery vehicle number more than 10%, fuel consumption deliver goods mileage reduces about 20%.3. each bar Route Work amount balances substantially, can reduce the complaint of worker at the production line, improves Employees ' Satisfaction Degree, thus better finishes the work; 4., after workflow reengineering, on information flow, really the separation of sales visit from delivery will be realized.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. be applicable to a GIS electronic chart for logistics distribution path optimization, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Object layer, it has the geographic object in the region determined according to logistics distribution path;
Icon layer, it amplifies the geographic object of object layer, reduce, translation;
Analysis layer, it carries out the analysis in logistics distribution passage zone according to the information of object layer and safeguards geographic object;
Traffic route Information Level, it arranges traffic route information on object layer;
Logistics distribution site arranges layer, and it is arranged logistics distribution network dot information.
2. the GIS electronic chart being applicable to logistics distribution path optimization according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described logistics distribution network dot information comprises sequence number, title, site rank, contact method.
3. the GIS electronic chart being applicable to logistics distribution path optimization according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described traffic route information comprises: from logistics center to the road conditions of each logistics distribution site, circuit number is mainly set, the time of sending a car, each street distance, originating point, end point.
4. the GIS electronic chart being applicable to logistics distribution path optimization according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the maintenance of geographic object comprises the maintenance of Fundamental Geographic Information System and thematic information, arranges and/or revise the information of driver, the information of vehicle.
5. the GIS electronic chart being applicable to logistics distribution path optimization according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the information of driver comprises name, numbering, armed state, deliver goods region.
6. the GIS electronic chart being applicable to logistics distribution path optimization according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the information of vehicle comprises vehicle, car plate, numbering, appearance carrying capacity, car age, armed state.
7. the GIS electronic chart being applicable to logistics distribution path optimization according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described electronic chart also comprises meteorology layer.
8. the GIS electronic chart being applicable to logistics distribution path optimization according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described electronic chart also comprises longitude and latitude layer.
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| CN105205555A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-30 | 浪潮软件股份有限公司 | Client route optimal attribution algorithm based on point-line position relation |
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| CN109064003A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-21 | 南京博赛顿电器销售有限公司 | Intelligently assign the method for work order according to route planning |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105205555A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-30 | 浪潮软件股份有限公司 | Client route optimal attribution algorithm based on point-line position relation |
| TWI557659B (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-11-11 | 財團法人工業技術研究院 | Evaluation system and method for logistics distribution efficiency |
| CN106022699A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-10-12 | 句容市富达双马商务管理有限公司 | Long-short-distance multimode cargo distribution service system |
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| CN110617829B (en) * | 2018-06-18 | 2024-01-23 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method and device for predicting a possible driving route of a vehicle |
| CN109064003A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-21 | 南京博赛顿电器销售有限公司 | Intelligently assign the method for work order according to route planning |
| CN111723965A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2020-09-29 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Information processing apparatus, information processing method, and program |
| CN110659858A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2020-01-07 | 达疆网络科技(上海)有限公司 | Method for solving problem of overlong river-crossing and bridge-crossing distribution range |
| CN113916233A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-11 | 上海擎朗智能科技有限公司 | Navigation route determining method, device, equipment and storage medium |
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Application publication date: 20150617 |