CN104715484B - Automatic tumor imaging region segmentation method based on improved level set - Google Patents

Automatic tumor imaging region segmentation method based on improved level set Download PDF

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CN104715484B
CN104715484B CN201510124586.7A CN201510124586A CN104715484B CN 104715484 B CN104715484 B CN 104715484B CN 201510124586 A CN201510124586 A CN 201510124586A CN 104715484 B CN104715484 B CN 104715484B
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tumor
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CN104715484A (en
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田捷
牟玮
陈喆
杨凤
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Institute of Automation of Chinese Academy of Science
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of automatic tumor imaging region segmentation method based on improved level set, including:Obtain the original PET image to be split comprising lesion region and pre-processed and positioned so that it is determined that pretreated lesion region PET image to be split;According to the CT images of lesion region and the pretreated lesion region PET image construction hypergraph to be split, so as to primarily determine that the rough tumor region in PET image is initial zero level collection;Improved Level Set Method is performed so that it is determined that tumor region to the initial zero level collection;Edge-smoothing processing is performed to the tumor region according to morphology operations.The method of the invention, which can be realized, fast and accurately splits tumor region, so that assisted surgery doctor carries out diagnoses and treatment and curative effect evaluation.

Description

Automatic tumor imaging region segmentation method based on improved level set
Technical field
The present invention relates to image processing techniques, more particularly to a kind of automatic tumor imaging region based on improved level set Dividing method.
Background technology
Cervical carcinoma is one of most common three big malignant tumour of female sex organ, is crisis women life and influences life One of major malignant tumor of bioplasm amount, occupy female sex organ malignant tumour first.According to World Health Organization subordinate International cancer research institution (The International Agency for Research on Cancer) 3 days 2 months it is in place 2014 worlds cancer report that general headquarters in Lyons, France deliver, 012 year new cases in the whole world of cervical cancer 2 reach more than 50 ten thousand Example, breast cancer, the carcinoma of the rectum, lung cancer are only second in female malignant, ranked fourth position, death caused by same period cervical carcinoma More than more than 260,000 people, lethality is only second to breast cancer, lung cancer, the carcinoma of the rectum, occupies the female cancer death rate the 4th.In less-developed state In family women, cervical carcinoma is most common cancer.In recent years, the incidence of the cervical carcinoma of young woman, which has, increases trend, becomes One of three big major cancers that young woman is susceptible to suffer from.China is cervical cancer pathogenesis and dead big country, and morbidity and mortality are equal Account for 1/3rd of the world.Therefore it is particularly significant for the Accurate Diagnosis of cervical cancer patient.Positron emission tomography Scan (positron emission tomography, PET) and CT scan (Computed Tomography, CT) molecular image means are used as, it is the current common detection means in clinical tumor field, utilizes PET/CT pairs Tumour, which carries out quantitative analysis, can provide accurate diagnostic message for clinic and aid in formulating therapeutic scheme.
The index of current clinically most common quantitative analysis be standard uptake value (standard uptake value, SUV), SUV be equal to lesion radioactive concentration (kBq/ml) divided by injection dosage (MBq) again divided by weight (kg), secondly tumour Volume, i.e. MTV values, are also proved to the recurrence and assessment prognosis that can predict tumour.But these quantitative targets all rely on it is swollen The accurate of knurl region is delineated.In addition in the Radiation treatment plans for cervical carcinoma, also rely on the accurate of target area and delineate.Consider The poorly efficient and higher subjectivity that work point in one's hands is cut, the segmentation of automatic accurate Cervical Tumor is very necessary.But with its He compares tumour, and Cervical Tumor region is delineated then in face of more challenges:On the one hand, due to the decay of tumour and uterine neck essence Coefficient is identical, therefore is difficult to accurately differentiate on CT images;On the other hand, due to the position of bladder and uterine neck very close to, and The radioactive activity of urine in bladder is more than or is approximately equal to the radioactive activity of tumour, therefore also is difficult in PET image Automatically extracted.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of automatic tumor imaging region segmentation method based on improved level set, for solving uterine neck The problem of being difficult to automatic distinguishing tumor region and bladder area in tumor segmentation, so that user can fast and accurately split palace Neck cancer tumour carries out diagnoses and treatment and curative effect evaluation so as to assisted surgery doctor.
Automatic tumor imaging region segmentation method of the invention based on improved level set includes:
Obtain the original PET image to be split comprising lesion region and pre-processed and positioned so that it is determined that pre-processing Lesion region PET image to be split afterwards;
Hypergraph is constructed according to the CT images of lesion region and the pretreated lesion region PET image to be split, from And it is initial zero level collection to primarily determine that the rough tumor region in the PET image;
Improved Level Set Method is performed so that it is determined that tumor region to the initial zero level collection;
Edge-smoothing processing is performed to the tumor region according to morphology operations.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention proposes a kind of automatic tumor imaging region segmentation method based on improved level set, solves uterine neck The problem of being difficult to automatic distinguishing tumor region and bladder area in tumor segmentation, user is set fast and accurately to split uterine neck Tumor carries out diagnoses and treatment and curative effect evaluation so as to assisted surgery doctor, and the method for the invention has speed fast, and precision is high, The advantages of strong robustness, test result indicates that, this technology accurately can automatically delineate Cervical Tumor, realize tumour and bladder Automatic distinguishing, has great practical value in clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the automatic tumor imaging region segmentation method of the invention based on improved level set;
Fig. 2 is that positioning is to be split described in the automatic tumor imaging region segmentation method of the invention based on improved level set The schematic diagram of lesion region;
Fig. 3 is improved level described in the automatic tumor imaging region segmentation method of the invention based on improved level set Schematic diagram during diversity method iteration;
Fig. 4 is 3 of the application automatic tumor imaging region segmentation method of the invention based on improved level set typical The schematic diagram of the segmentation result of tumor region and goldstandard in cervical carcinoma data;
Fig. 5 is that the segmentation result of the automatic tumor imaging region segmentation method of the invention based on improved level set and gold are marked The accurate uniformity schematic diagram when carrying out quantitative analysis.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the automatic tumor imaging region segmentation method of the invention based on improved level set, such as Fig. 1 institutes Show, the automatic tumor imaging region segmentation method of the invention based on improved level set includes:
S1, obtain the original PET image to be split comprising lesion region and pre-processed and positioned so that it is determined that pre- Lesion region PET image to be split after processing;
Preferably, it is described obtain comprising lesion region original PET image to be split and pre-processed and positioned from And determining pretreated lesion region PET image to be split includes:
To the voxel gray values in the original PET image to be split comprising lesion region divided by the development injected Agent dose and patient body weight are to be converted to SUV values, then carry out gaussian filtering and up-sampling, so that point of PET image to be split Resolution is identical with CT images, is finally positioned according to the SUV values and determines pretreated lesion region PET image to be split.
Preferably, it is described to be positioned according to the SUV values and determine pretreated lesion region PET image bag to be split Include:
Preprocessing process, including:
By the gray value of each voxel of PET image by divided by injection 18F-FDG dosage and patient body weight be converted into SUV values, then gaussian filtering and up-sampling are carried out, make its resolution ratio identical with CT images.Meanwhile CT images also carry out identical height This filtering;
And position fixing process, including:
Calculate SUV peak values (SUVpeak, the expression each cut into slices in the original PET image to be split comprising lesion region The average value of the SUV values of each voxel in 26 neighborhoods of corresponding SUVmax namely the voxel of maximum SUV values), choose more than foot most Corresponding section is cut into slices as lesion region place so that it is determined that pre- place between the two neighboring minimum SUV values of big SUV peak values Lesion region PET image to be split after reason.
S2, the CT images according to lesion region and the pretreated lesion region PET image construction hypergraph to be split, So as to primarily determine that the rough tumor region in the PET image is initial zero level collection;
Preferably, the CT images according to lesion region and the pretreated lesion region PET image to be split Hypergraph is constructed, so as to primarily determine that the rough tumor region in the PET image includes for initial zero level collection:
CT image normalizations to the pretreated lesion region PET image to be split with lesion region and after being multiplied Result structure hypergraph, recycle fuzzy C-means clustering, morphological erosion and generic threshold value method to primarily determine that the PET figures Rough tumor region as in is initial zero level collection, including:
Hypergraph is first built, including:
Each voxel of hypergraph is made of three features, is respectively:PET image corresponds to the normalized SUV values of voxel (i.e. SUV/SUVmax), CT images correspond to the normalized HU values (HU/HUmax, HU represent the CT values of each voxel) of voxel, and Their product.According to root tissue specificity, hypergraph can be divided into four parts:(a) representative tumour all bigger SUV and HU;(b) SUV high but low HU representative bladder;(c) SUV is low but the representative of HU high other soft tissues;(d) SUV and HU is than relatively low generation Table background.
Fuzzy C-means clustering is recycled to be divided into 4 classes to hypergraph, wherein the representative tumour that three features are all bigger, profit The bladder wall of tumor region may be divided into by mistake by being eroded with the method for morphological erosion, and then this region is commonly used using clinical 40% SUVmax be threshold value, obtain rough tumor region.
S3, perform improved Level Set Method so that it is determined that tumor region to the initial zero level collection;
Preferably, it is described that improved Level Set Method is performed to initial zero level collection so that it is determined that tumor region includes:
The gradient fields information of pretreated lesion region PET image to be split is added to the initial zero level collection In, new EVOLUTION EQUATION is built, to the rough tumor region in the PET image with the resolution ratio with the original PET image Identical resolution ratio performs down-sampling and obtains initial zero level collection;
Successive ignition is carried out in the EVOLUTION EQUATION according to finite difference calculus to the initial zero level collection to determine finally Split the tumor region completed;
Preferably, the improved Level Set Method includes:
The dark characteristic of middle bright limb is presented in view of the tumour after gaussian filtering and bladder, so tumour and bladder The gradient field direction at edge is on the contrary, the new level set movements equation EVOLUTION EQUATION as described below that therefore can be built is:
Wherein, IσIt is pretreated lesion region PET image to be split, (variance of Gaussian kernel is σ), φ is initial zero Level set or initial zero level collection carry out the function of the level set after iteration several times,<*>Represent the IσWith the gradient of φ to Angle between amount, | * | represent the vectorial amplitude, c1And c2Initial zero level collection (or initial zero level is represented respectively Collection) inside and outside voxel average gray value, i.e.,:
Wherein, Ω represents image-region,
δ functions are obtained by following smooth function δ ε approximations:
Φ is to adjust initial zero level collection or initial zero level collection to carry out the function of the level set after iteration several times and make Serialization, need to carry out following gaussian filtering to level set function after each iteration:
φ=Gσ* φ,
Wherein, GσIt is the Gaussian kernel that variance is σ, * represents convolution algorithm, and initial function φ 0 is defined as follows:
Wherein, c0 is normal number, and R0 is to be down-sampled to the rough tumor region that original PET image resolution ratio obtains;
In view of discrete can be turned to for 3-D view, level set function φ (x, y, z, t)Wherein (i, j, k) For space coordinate, n is time coordinate, then EVOLUTION EQUATION discrete can turn to:
Wherein L is that then evolutionary process can be iterated as the following formula on the right of the equal sign of EVOLUTION EQUATION:
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of iterative process.
S4, according to morphology operations to the tumor region perform edge-smoothing processing.
Preferably, it is described that tumor region execution edge-smoothing processing is included according to morphology operations:
Morphology opening operation and closed operation are performed to the tumor region with chondritic element to eliminate edge protuberance And filling cavity;
Preferably, wherein specific morphology operations refer to the tumor region obtained using chondritic element to S103 Edge protuberance is eliminated using morphology opening operation and closed operation, radius is that the chondritic element s (x, y, z) of r is as follows:
It is described that morphology opening operation and closed operation are performed to the tumor region to eliminate edge with chondritic element Raised and filling cavity includes:Carry out opening operation and closed operation processing respectively using formula (6) and (7):
Opening operation processing:
Closed operation is handled:
Wherein,Represent dilation operation symbol,Represent erosion operation symbol, M represents the binary map of the tumor region Picture.
It should be noted that for verification effectiveness of the invention and practicality, we carry out on clinical PET/CT images Experiment, goldstandard by two expert's manual segmentation results average value.
By largely testing, (i.e. Dice similarity coefficient, weigh segmentation to Dice likeness coefficients As a result the Duplication between goldstandard) for 91.80 ± 2.46%, Hausdorff distances (weigh segmentation result and goldstandard it Between maximum mismatch degree) be 77.79 ± 2.18mm, Fig. 4 is the goldstandard and segmentation result of three groups of typical images;Fig. 5 (a) It is the quantitative target SUVmean, Bland- MTV and goldstandard between of the tumour using this technology split (b) Altman schemes, and illustrates the high consistency of this technology and goldstandard.Experiment shows that our method is well positioned to meet clinic and examines Disconnected and auxiliary formulates the demand for the treatment of plan, has huge practical value.
Finally it should be noted that:The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations;To the greatest extent Pipe is described in detail the present invention with reference to foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that:Its according to Can so modify to the technical solution described in foregoing embodiments, either to which part or all technical characteristic into Row equivalent substitution;And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from various embodiments of the present invention technology The scope of scheme.

Claims (5)

  1. A kind of 1. automatic tumor imaging region segmentation method based on improved level set, it is characterised in that including:
    Obtain the original PET image to be split comprising lesion region and pre-processed and positioned so that it is determined that pretreated Lesion region PET image to be split;
    According to the CT images of lesion region and the pretreated lesion region PET image construction hypergraph to be split, so that just Step determines that the rough tumor region in the PET image is initial zero level collection;
    Improved Level Set Method is performed so that it is determined that tumor region to the initial zero level collection;
    Edge-smoothing processing is performed to the tumor region according to morphology operations.
  2. 2. the automatic tumor imaging region segmentation method according to claim 1 based on improved level set, its feature exist In described to obtain the original PET image to be split comprising lesion region and pre-processed and positioned so that it is determined that pre-processing Lesion region PET image to be split afterwards includes:
    To the voxel gray values in the original PET image to be split comprising lesion region divided by the developer agent injected Measure with patient body weight to be converted to SUV values, then carry out gaussian filtering and up-sampling, finally position and determine according to the SUV values Pretreated lesion region PET image to be split;
    The CT images and the pretreated lesion region PET image to be split according to lesion region constructs hypergraph, from And primarily determine that the rough tumor region in the PET image includes for initial zero level collection:
    CT image normalizations to the pretreated lesion region PET image to be split with lesion region and the knot after being multiplied Fruit builds hypergraph, recycles fuzzy C-means clustering, morphological erosion and generic threshold value method to primarily determine that in the PET image Rough tumor region be initial zero level collection;
    It is described that improved Level Set Method is performed to initial zero level collection so that it is determined that tumor region includes:
    The gradient fields information of pretreated lesion region PET image to be split is added to the initial zero level to concentrate, structure New EVOLUTION EQUATION is built, to the rough tumor region in the PET image with identical with the resolution ratio of the original PET image Resolution ratio performs down-sampling and obtains initial zero level collection;
    Successive ignition is carried out to the initial zero level collection in the EVOLUTION EQUATION according to finite difference calculus and determines tumor region.
  3. 3. the automatic tumor imaging region segmentation method according to claim 2 based on improved level set, its feature exist In described to be positioned according to SUV values and determine that pretreated lesion region PET image to be split includes:
    The SUV peak values each cut into slices in the original PET image to be split comprising lesion region are calculated, are chosen more than foot maximum SUV peak values two neighboring minimum SUV values between corresponding section as section where lesion region so that it is determined that pretreatment Lesion region PET image to be split afterwards;
    Correspondingly, the EVOLUTION EQUATION is:
    Wherein, IσIt is pretreated lesion region PET image to be split, (variance of Gaussian kernel is σ), φ is initial zero level Collection or initial zero level collection carry out the function of the level set after iteration several times,<*>Represent the IσWith the gradient vector of φ it Between angle, | * | represent the vectorial amplitude, c1And c2Represent respectively in initial zero level collection (or initial zero level collection) The average gray value of outer voxel, i.e.,:
    Wherein, Ω represents image-region,
    δ functions are by following smooth function δεApproximation obtains:
    Φ is to adjust function and the company of being allowed to that initial zero level collection or initial zero level collection carry out the level set after iteration several times Continuousization, needs to carry out following gaussian filtering to level set function after each iteration:
    φ=Gσ* φ,
    Wherein, GσIt is the Gaussian kernel that variance is σ, * represents convolution algorithm, initial function φ0It is defined as follows:
    Wherein, c0It is normal number, R0To be down-sampled to the rough tumor region that original PET image resolution ratio obtains.
  4. 4. the automatic tumor imaging region segmentation method according to claim 1 based on improved level set, its feature exist In described that tumor region execution edge-smoothing processing is included according to morphology operations:
    Morphology opening operation and closed operation are performed to the tumor region with chondritic element to eliminate edge protuberance and fill out Fill cavity.
  5. 5. the automatic tumor imaging region segmentation method according to claim 4 based on improved level set, its feature exist In, it is described with chondritic element morphology opening operation and closed operation are performed to the tumor region eliminate edge protuberance and Filling cavity includes:Carry out opening operation and closed operation processing respectively using formula (6) and (7):
    Opening operation processing:
    Closed operation is handled:
    Wherein,Represent dilation operation symbol,Represent erosion operation symbol, M represents the bianry image of the tumor region.
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