CN104715099B - Virtual articulator design method for tooth crown bridge working bite relation face - Google Patents

Virtual articulator design method for tooth crown bridge working bite relation face Download PDF

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CN104715099B
CN104715099B CN201310695825.5A CN201310695825A CN104715099B CN 104715099 B CN104715099 B CN 104715099B CN 201310695825 A CN201310695825 A CN 201310695825A CN 104715099 B CN104715099 B CN 104715099B
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tooth
interference
virtual
automatic
jaw
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CN104715099A (en
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孙玉春
吕培军
王勇
戴宁
隋华欣
姜晓通
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Peking University School of Stomatology
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Peking University School of Stomatology
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of virtual articulator design method for tooth crown bridge working bite relation face, comprise the following steps:1)With the three-dimensional track information of lower jaw characteristic kinematic during tooth crowding analyzer recording individual masticatory movement;2)Tooth crowding analyzer work coordinate system is merged with denture 3-D scanning co-registration of coordinate systems used;3)Create static intercuspal occlusion tooth crown bridge prosthesis CAD data;4)Virtual occlusion automatic detection and the automatic foundation for adjusting tooth to close platform;5)Virtual occlusion automatic detection;6)Automatic virtual tune tooth closes, and creates the tooth crown bridge CAD data with working bite relation face.By simulation, everyone personalized masticatory properties move the present invention, realize the virtual occlusion automatic detection of accurate quantification and virtually adjust tooth to close automatically, avoid patient from being ground repeatedly when trying dummy on, so as to substantially increase the precision and efficiency of dummy making.

Description

Virtual articulator design method for tooth crown bridge working bite relation face
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tooth crown bridge prosthesis CAD, and in particular to one kind is used for tooth crown bridge working bite relation face Virtual articulator design method.
Background technology
It is that a kind of clinical conventional dummy designs and produces servicing unit that tooth, which closes frame,.It can simulate the lower jaw fortune of the mankind Dynamic, the dummy that the making of frame Computer Aided Design is closed with tooth is easier the individual demand for meeting patient.
Oral restoration CAD/CAM(Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided manufacturing, meter Calculation machine Computer Aided Design makes with area of computer aided)Technology is a kind of very high dummy design process technology of automaticity, should Class system is also integrated with substantial amounts of doctor in addition to high-precision, the efficient feature with industrial automation in CAD software The knowledge and clinical experience of expert is learned, the production quality of dummy can be significantly improved in a short time, clinical practice is increasingly extensive.
Oral restoration CAD/CAM system common at present, when bridge occlusal surface form is preced with design, it is only capable of applying static cusp Interleaved bits denture relation data, can not still dynamic functional be applied to be engaged, i.e. extension, lateral occlusion data.Cause to design and produce Dissection complete crown out, fixed bridge still need to adjust and reform noise spot after wearing, and add doctor's clinical position amount, extend patient's Consultation time.
The computer virtual program of frame operation principle exploitation, referred to as virtual articulator are closed according to mechanical tooth.It is engaged in Guan Qiao During the CAD virtual designs of face, if being aided with virtual full adjustable articulator program, center, extension and side can be removed in the CAD stages and is stung Early contact point and noise spot in resultant motion, reduce clinic and grind difficulty.Both at home and abroad on virtual articulator in oral restoration The correlative study applied in CAD/CAM technologies can be divided into three phases.
First stage in the virtual simple articulator stage
With first set commercialization oral restoration CAD/CAM system Cerec1 in the world in 1986(Sirona companies, Germany) For the early stage oral restoration CAD/CAM system of representative, by scanning and carrying out dummy occlusal surface form using articulation registration Design.Only simulate human simple opening and closing mouth motion.Recorded without standard measure and using the occlusal contact condition under lower jaw functional movement state Relation, it is functionally similar to simple and mechanical tooth and closes frame.Using such system design make mouth mending material, clinically position suffer from When person tries on, generally require repeatedly to grind repeatedly, add patient's physiology, psychological burden and clinical position amount.
Second stage working bite relation records the stage(Virtual enhanced simple articulator)
There are scholar in foreign countries in Cicero systems(Elephant companies, Holland)And Cerec3D(Sirona companies, Germany)System In system, domestic Lv Pei armies, Wang Yong, Zou Bo, Liu Mingli etc. fix in the oral cavity that Peking University School of Stomatology is voluntarily developed and repaired Working bite relation is recorded in CAD/CAM system(Functional Generated Path,FGP)Technology and leaf-comb cad technique With reference to being single tooth Full Crown design functionality occlusal surface form.Closed to jaw tooth anatomic form and the occlusion of upper lower jaw When being normal, FGP can meet leaf-comb CAD requirement.And when to jaw tooth paramophia, have defect, occluding relation bad or Need to carry out polydonita position or even full occlusion of dentition is rebuild when repairing, FGP can not provide enough design information and accuracy.
Phase III individual masticatory movement virtual phase
Korda β in 2002 etc. obtain tooth crowding with Mandibular kinesiograph, tentatively establish virtual teeth conjunction Frame system.Closed with the system simulation mandibular movement, detection natural dentistry and oral cavity fixed restoration CAD mathematical models occlusal contact condition System;2003, Faust pairsCAD/CAM system(Girrbach Dental companies, Germany)In virtual teeth close Frame program is set forth, and inputs individual patients tooth crowding in this procedure, can simulate the Individual Mandibular fortune of patient It is dynamic, and remove oral cavity fixed restoration CAD mathematical models Occlusal interference point with subtraction mechanism.
The country, Li Hong ripples in 2004 etc. obtain upper and lower jawbone three-dimensional data with three dimensional CT, and tooth is obtained with spatial digitizer Column data, by two parts Registration of Measuring Data, denture, the three-dimensional digital model of remporomandibular joint are established, is retouched with tooth crowding After remembering that instrument obtains tooth crowding, realize and upper and lower denture relative position relation, contact point and temporomandibular joint in mandibular movement are closed The observation of section;The grand grades of Lu Er in 2005 obtain half adjustable mechanical tooth with three-dimensional coordinate measuring instrument and close frame protrusive movement track characteristic Point, establish arbitrfary point protrusive movement track, rear exploitation again on artificial maxillary occlusion of dentition face when tooth closes frame simulation mandibular movement The algoritic module of simulation mandibular dentition protrusive movement.
So far, home and abroad there is no closes frame available for the virtual complete adjustable tooth of oral restoration CAD/CAM technologies.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of virtual articulator design method for tooth crown bridge working bite relation face, leads to Cross and simulate everyone personalized masticatory properties motion, realize the virtual occlusion automatic detection of accurate quantification and automatic virtual tune tooth Close, avoid patient from being ground repeatedly when trying dummy on, so as to substantially increase the precision and efficiency of dummy making.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has following technical scheme:
A kind of virtual articulator design method for tooth crown bridge working bite relation face of the present invention, including following step Suddenly:
1)With the three-dimensional track information of lower jaw characteristic kinematic during tooth crowding analyzer recording individual masticatory movement;
2)Tooth crowding analyzer work coordinate system is merged with denture 3-D scanning co-registration of coordinate systems used;
3)Create static intercuspal occlusion tooth crown bridge prosthesis CAD data;
4)Virtual occlusion automatic detection and the automatic foundation for adjusting tooth to close platform;
5)Virtual occlusion automatic detection;
6)Automatic virtual tune tooth closes, and creates the tooth crown bridge CAD data with working bite relation face.
Wherein, the step 1)Before the Arch bar splint that middle tooth crowding analyzer is equipped with sensor is fixed on lower jaw Tooth area, signal receiver are fixed on subject's head, and during mandibular movement, sensor keeps relatively quiet with mandibular dentition Only, by computer signal Analysis, three-dimensional tooth crowding is created.The individual masticatory movement includes:Be opened and closed mouth motion, under The hybrid motion of protraction motion, lower jaw lateral movement and three of the above motion.
Wherein, the step 2)Refer to the setting mark plane on Arch bar splint, it is desirable to have between the mark plane and denture Known quantity space relation, and the quantitative description of spatial pose can be carried out with work coordinate system, using this mark plane in It is situated between, realizes the accuracy registration of tooth crowding analyzer work coordinate system and denture 3-D scanning coordinate system and merge.
Wherein, the step 3)It is to carry out preparing volume data extraction and curved surface successively on Imageware11 software platforms Reverse, ideal dental crowns data are read in, ideal dental crowns positioning, the personalized modification of axial plane, static anatomy occlusal surface, are completed Guan Qiao and are repaiied The Preliminary design of complex.
Wherein, the step 4)It is using VC++2008 as development platform, based on the void developed under OpenGL figure shows storehouse Intend occlusion automatic detection and close platform with automatic tune tooth, the virtual automatic detection that is engaged is examined with adjusting tooth to close platform automatically including interference and collision Survey module and adjust tooth matched moulds block, the two modules hat that alternating action is completed in CAD design in the platform automatically with interference region Bridge, so as to which the dynamic for reaching final is engaged " balance " state.
Interference and collision detection module:Mutual motion between lower jaw and the upper jaw is driven by tooth crowding.Colliding In detection process, space motion path is sampled by the equal rule of neighbor point displacement, as shown in figure 3, in lower jaw With in upper jaw relative movement, when mandibular movement is to sampling point position, using interference and collision detection technique to Guan Qiao with Interference and collision detection is carried out to jaw tooth, if there is interference, interference is removed by adjusting tooth to close;Do not interfere, then continue relative motion.
Interference region adjusts tooth matched moulds block automatically:After interference region has been identified using interference and collision detection technique, " kind is utilized Son " search technique identifies whole interference region(Shown in Fig. 4)." seed " search technique is specially:Interference and collision detects skill Behind the border of art identification interference region(Fig. 4(a)It is shown), find " seed " tri patch in interference region(Fig. 4(b) It is shown), tri patch around iterative search " seed " tri patch, to interfere border as search border, until search three Untill edged surface piece is not further added by, Fig. 4(c)For the pilot process of search, Fig. 4(d)For the whole interference region obtained after the completion of search Domain, after the completion of identification, in interference region, interference region is removed using local deformation technology.
Adjust the alternating action of tooth conjunction automatically with interference region by multiple impacts interference detection, be finally completed Guan Qiao tune tooth Close.
Wherein, the step 5)In, co-registration of coordinate systems used algorithm is primarily based on, realizes mandibular dentition relative to maxillary dentition Three-dimensional functional exercise, it is main to include the motion of opening and closing mouth, mandibular protraction, lower jaw lateral movement and three of the above motion Hybrid motion;After the registration of relative coordinate system is completed, the mandibular movement rail obtained by tooth crowding analyzer is utilized Virtual occlusion automatic detection and the automatic compound motion of adjusting tooth close platform on simulation lower jaw of the mark in exploitation, in mandibular movement process In, using interference and collision detection module, detect in real time and feed back CAD complete crowns digital model and the interference situation to jaw tooth, if Determine detection threshold value, i.e., the thickness of virtual occluding paper, when mandibular movement is to a certain terminating point automatic detection dummy with to jaw tooth Between data interference, the numerical value of output be on the occasion of when represent there occurs data interference, represent the early contact zone of occlusion or interference range; When output numerical value is zero represent dummy with it is contactless to jaw tooth;Represent that dummy is engaged with to jaw tooth when output data is negative value Gap between face be present;Dummy occlusal surface is shown with multizone color gradient and to the spatial relation between jaw denture, Interference and collision detection technique calculates dummy and is engaged early contact point, the position of noise spot, distribution and interference region volume automatically.
Wherein, the step 6)It is virtually to be engaged automatic detection with adjusting tooth to close on platform automatically, using interference region certainly It is dynamic to adjust tooth matched moulds block, utilize the identification of " seed " search technique simultaneously brightness enhancing display " early contact zone " or position, the scope of " interference range " And depth, after operator confirms the tooth of needs " grinding ", whether interference region adjusts tooth matched moulds block automatic decision interference values automatically Such as it is on the occasion of then virtual tune occlusal system calls joining cloud edit tool to carry out virtual tune tooth conjunction, final to create for " on the occasion of " Tooth crown bridge CAD data with working bite relation face.
The advantage of the invention is that:
By simulation everyone personalized masticatory properties move, realize accurate quantification virtual occlusion automatic detection and from Dynamic virtual tune tooth closes, and avoids patient from being ground repeatedly when trying dummy on, so as to substantially increase the precision and effect of dummy making Rate.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of workflow of the present invention;
Fig. 2 adjusts tooth to close platform technology route schematic diagram for virtual occlusion automatic detection with automatic;
Fig. 3-(1)For movement locus schematic diagram;
Fig. 3-(2)To sample schematic diagram;
Fig. 4-a are the schematic diagram on the interference region border of " seed " search technique;
Fig. 4-b are the schematic diagram of the selected seed triangle of " seed " search technique;
Fig. 4-c are the schematic diagram of the feed search of " seed " search technique;
Fig. 4-d are the schematic diagram that the search of " seed " search technique is completed.
In figure, 1, boundary edge;2nd, seed triangle;L1, first sampling section;L2, second sampling section;Ln, n-th sampling section; L1、L2、―――――LnEqual length.
Embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not limited to the scope of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of virtual articulator design method for tooth crown bridge working bite relation face of the invention, including Following steps:
1)With the three-dimensional track information of lower jaw characteristic kinematic during tooth crowding analyzer recording individual masticatory movement;
2)Tooth crowding analyzer work coordinate system is merged with denture 3-D scanning co-registration of coordinate systems used;
3)Create static intercuspal occlusion tooth crown bridge prosthesis CAD data;
4)Virtual occlusion automatic detection and the automatic foundation for adjusting tooth to close platform;
5)Virtual occlusion automatic detection;
6)Automatic virtual tune tooth closes, and creates the tooth crown bridge CAD data with working bite relation face.
The step 1)The Arch bar splint that middle tooth crowding analyzer is equipped with sensor is fixed on mandibular anterior teeth area, Signal receiver is fixed on subject's head.During mandibular movement, sensor keeps geo-stationary with mandibular dentition, passes through Computer signal Analysis, create three-dimensional tooth crowding.The individual masticatory movement includes:It is opened and closed mouth motion, mandibular protraction The hybrid motion of motion, lower jaw lateral movement and three of the above motion.
The step 2)Refer to the setting mark plane on Arch bar splint, it is desirable to which there have between the mark plane and denture to be known fixed Quantity space relation, and the quantitative description of spatial pose can be carried out with work coordinate system, using this mark plane as intermediary, realize The accuracy registration of tooth crowding analyzer work coordinate system and denture 3-D scanning coordinate system and merge.
The step 3)It is to carry out preparing volume data extraction and camber counter solution successively on Imageware11 software platforms, Ideal dental crowns data are read in, ideal dental crowns positioning, the personalized modification of axial plane, static anatomy occlusal surface, complete crown bridge prosthesis Preliminary design.
As shown in Figure 2:
The step 4)It is using VC++2008 as development platform, based on the virtual occlusion developed under OpenGL figure shows storehouse Automatic detection adjusts tooth to close platform with automatic.Virtual occlusion automatic detection closes platform with automatic tune tooth includes interference and collision detection module Adjust tooth matched moulds block automatically with interference region.The two modules Guan Qiao that alternating action is completed in CAD design in the platform, so as to Reach final dynamic occlusion " balance " state.
Interference and collision detection module:Mutual motion between lower jaw and the upper jaw is driven by tooth crowding.Colliding In detection process, space motion path is sampled by the equal rule of neighbor point displacement, as Fig. 3-(1), Fig. 3-(2) It is shown, in lower jaw and upper jaw relative movement, when mandibular movement is to sampling point position, skill is detected using interference and collision Art, with carrying out interference and collision detection to jaw tooth, if there is interference, interference is removed by adjusting tooth to close to Guan Qiao;Do not interfere, then continue Relative motion.
Interference region adjusts tooth matched moulds block automatically:After interference region has been identified using interference and collision detection technique, " kind is utilized Son " search technique identifies whole interference region(Shown in Fig. 4-a to Fig. 4-d)." seed " search technique is specially:Collision Behind the border for interfering detection technique identification interference region(Shown in Fig. 4-a), find " seed " triangular facet in interference region Piece(Shown in Fig. 4-b), tri patch around iterative search " seed " tri patch, to interfere border as search border, until searching Rope to tri patch be not further added by untill, Fig. 4-c be search pilot process, Fig. 4-d for search after the completion of obtain it is whole Individual interference region, after the completion of identification, in interference region, interference region is removed using local deformation technology.
Adjust the alternating action of tooth conjunction automatically with interference region by multiple impacts interference detection, be finally completed Guan Qiao tune tooth Close.
The step 5)In, co-registration of coordinate systems used algorithm is primarily based on, realizes three-dimensional of the mandibular dentition relative to maxillary dentition Virtual functions move, main to include the mixed of the motion of opening and closing mouth, mandibular protraction, lower jaw lateral movement and three of the above motion Resultant motion;After the registration of relative coordinate system is completed, existed using the tooth crowding obtained by tooth crowding analyzer The virtual occlusion automatic detection of exploitation closes the compound motion that lower jaw is simulated on platform with automatic tune tooth.During mandibular movement, Using interference and collision detection module, detect in real time and feed back CAD complete crowns digital model and the interference situation to jaw tooth.Setting inspection Survey threshold value(The thickness of virtual occluding paper), the automatic detection dummy and between jaw tooth when mandibular movement is to a certain terminating point Data are interfered, the numerical value of output be on the occasion of when represent there occurs data interference, represent the early contact zone of occlusion or interference range;Export number When value is zero represent dummy with it is contactless to jaw tooth;Dummy is represented when output data is negative value and between jaw facies occlusalis dentis Gap be present;Dummy occlusal surface is shown with multizone color gradient and the spatial relation between jaw denture, collision are done Relate to detection technique and calculate dummy occlusion early contact point, the position of noise spot, distribution and interference region volume automatically.
The step 6)It is to adjust tooth to close on platform with automatic in virtually occlusion automatic detection, tooth is adjusted automatically using interference region Matched moulds block, the identification of " seed " search technique simultaneously brightness enhancing display " early contact zone " or position, scope and the depth of " interference range " are utilized, After operator confirms the tooth of needs " grinding ", interference region adjusts whether tooth matched moulds block automatic decision interference values are " just automatically Value ", such as it is on the occasion of then virtual tune occlusal system calls joining cloud edit tool to carry out virtual tune tooth conjunction.Final create has The tooth crown bridge CAD data in working bite relation face.
In the tooth crown bridge CAD stage, annotation dentistry can be automated and design and produce tooth crown bridge etc. Dentistry knowledge, theory and clinical principle needed for the form of mouth mending material working bite relation face, realize working bite relation face Digitlization, the Automation Design, the virtual complete adjustable tooth that can be used for oral restoration CAD/CAM technologies closes frame.
As described above, it more can sufficiently realize the present invention.It the foregoing is only the relatively reasonable implementation of the present invention Example, protection scope of the present invention include but is not limited to this, and those skilled in the art is any to be based on the technology of the present invention side Unsubstantiality denaturation change is included within the scope of the present invention includes in case.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of virtual articulator design method for tooth crown bridge working bite relation face, it is characterised in that including following step Suddenly:
1) the three-dimensional track information of lower jaw characteristic kinematic when using tooth crowding analyzer recording individual masticatory movement;
2) tooth crowding analyzer work coordinate system is merged with denture 3-D scanning co-registration of coordinate systems used;
3) static intercuspal occlusion tooth crown bridge prosthesis CAD data is created;
4) virtually occlusion automatic detection and the automatic foundation for adjusting tooth to close platform;
5) virtually it is engaged automatic detection;
6) automatic virtual tune tooth closes, and creates the tooth crown bridge CAD data with working bite relation face;
In the step 5), co-registration of coordinate systems used algorithm is primarily based on, realizes three-dimensional of the mandibular dentition relative to maxillary dentition Functional exercise, the main mixing fortune for including the motion of opening and closing mouth, mandibular protraction, lower jaw lateral movement and three of the above motion It is dynamic;After the registration of relative coordinate system is completed, developed using the tooth crowding obtained by tooth crowding analyzer Virtual occlusion automatic detection adjust tooth to close to simulate the compound motion of lower jaw on platform with automatic;During mandibular movement, application Interference and collision detection module, detect in real time and feed back CAD complete crowns digital model and the interference situation to jaw tooth, set detection threshold Value, the automatic detection dummy and to the data interference between jaw tooth when mandibular movement is to a certain terminating point, the numerical value of output is On the occasion of when represent there occurs data interference, represent the early contact zone of occlusion or interference range;When output numerical value is zero represent dummy with It is contactless to jaw tooth;Dummy is represented when output data is negative value and to gap be present between jaw facies occlusalis dentis;With multizone face Color gradient shows dummy occlusal surface and the spatial relation between jaw denture, interference and collision detection technique is calculated automatically Dummy is engaged early contact point, the position of noise spot, distribution and interference region volume;
The step 4) be using VC++2008 as development platform, it is automatic based on the virtual occlusion developed under OpenGL figure shows storehouse Detection closes platform with automatic tune tooth, and the virtual automatic detection that is engaged includes interference and collision detection module with doing with adjusting tooth to close platform automatically Relate to region and adjust tooth matched moulds block, the two modules Guan Qiao that alternating action is completed in CAD design in the platform, so as to reach automatically Final dynamic occlusion " balance " state;
Interference and collision detection module:Mutual motion between lower jaw and the upper jaw is driven by tooth crowding;In collision detection During, space motion path is sampled by the equal rule of neighbor point displacement, in lower jaw and upper jaw relative motion During, when mandibular movement is to sampling point position, using interference and collision detection technique to Guan Qiao with being collided to jaw tooth Interference detection, if there is interference, interference is removed by adjusting tooth to close;Do not interfere, then continue relative motion;
Interference region adjusts tooth matched moulds block automatically:After interference region has been identified using interference and collision detection technique, utilize " seed " Search technique identifies whole interference region, and " seed " search technique is specially:Interference and collision detection technique identifies interference region Behind the border in domain, " seed " tri patch in interference region is found, triangle around iterative search " seed " tri patch Dough sheet, to interfere border untill the tri patch searched is not further added by, after the completion of identification, interfering as search border In region, interference region is removed using local deformation technology;
Adjust the alternating action of tooth conjunction automatically with interference region by multiple impacts interference detection, the tune tooth for being finally completed Guan Qiao closes.
2. a kind of virtual articulator design method for tooth crown bridge working bite relation face according to claim 1, its It is characterised by:Tooth crowding analyzer is equipped with the Arch bar splint of sensor and is fixed on mandibular anterior teeth in the step 1) Area, signal receiver are fixed on subject's head, and during mandibular movement, sensor keeps geo-stationary with mandibular dentition, By computer signal Analysis, three-dimensional tooth crowding is created.
3. a kind of virtual articulator design method for tooth crown bridge working bite relation face according to claim 1, its It is characterised by:The step 2) refers to the setting mark plane on Arch bar splint, it is desirable to has between the mark plane and denture known Quantity space relation, and the quantitative description of spatial pose can be carried out with work coordinate system, it is real using this mark plane as intermediary Now the accuracy registration of jaw gripper path analysis instrument work coordinate system and denture 3-D scanning coordinate system and merge.
4. a kind of virtual articulator design method for tooth crown bridge working bite relation face according to claim 1, its It is characterised by:The step 3) is to carry out preparing volume data extraction and camber counter solution successively on Imageware11 software platforms, Ideal dental crowns data are read in, ideal dental crowns positioning, the personalized modification of axial plane, static anatomy occlusal surface, complete crown bridge prosthesis Preliminary design.
5. a kind of virtual articulator design method for tooth crown bridge working bite relation face according to claim 1, its It is characterised by:The step 6) is to adjust tooth to close on platform with automatic in virtually occlusion automatic detection, is adjusted automatically using interference region Tooth matched moulds block, utilize the identification of " seed " search technique simultaneously brightness enhancing display " early contact zone " or position, scope and the depth of " interference range " Degree, after operator confirms the tooth of needs " grinding ", interference region adjusts whether tooth matched moulds block automatic decision interference values are " just automatically Value ", such as it is on the occasion of then virtual tune occlusal system calls joining cloud edit tool to carry out virtual tune tooth conjunction, and final create has The tooth crown bridge CAD data in working bite relation face.
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