CN104713659A - Thermistor resistance linear compensation circuit based on transistor output characteristic - Google Patents
Thermistor resistance linear compensation circuit based on transistor output characteristic Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thermistor resistance linear compensation circuit based on the transistor output characteristic. The thermistor resistance linear compensation circuit comprises a sensing module, a constant-current module, an amplifying module, a compensation module and an interface module. The sensing module is used for detecting the external temperature in real time and converts the detected temperature signals to current signals. The constant-current module is used for controlling and adjusting the collector current of a second PNP type triode so as to achieve control over the collector current of a first NPN type triode. The amplifying module is used for provide feedback, applying compensation of the compensation module on an NTC thermistor, providing constant voltage and guaranteeing constant voltage across the two ends of the NTC thermistor. The compensation module is used for offsetting the nonlinearity of the NTC thermistor through the nonlinearity of a first NPN type triode output characteristic curve so as to achieve the linearization function. According to the circuit, a proper liner compensation circuit is applied on the NTC thermistor, the defect of nonlinear relation between the resistance value and the temperature of the thermistor is effectively overcome, and the linear change relation between the output result and the temperature in the temperature measuring process of the thersistor is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of photoelectric technology and measure the combination with automation field, particularly a kind of thermistor linear compensation circuit based on triode output characteristics of photovoltaic generating system.
Background technology
Negative temperature coefficient (Negative Temperature Coefficient, NTC) thermistor has the advantages such as output signal is large, highly sensitive, thermal capacity is little, fast response time, volume are little, price is low, high value, be widely used in: photoelectron technical field (as, solar energy photovoltaic system monitoring temperature is measured, the monitoring temperature of semiconductor laser and measurement, etc.); Measure and automation field (as: family's air-conditioning, air conditioning for automobiles, refrigerator, refrigerator, etc.); Safety in production monitoring field (as: fire hazard monitoring, flame snuffer, temperature sensor, etc.), wait the occasion needing temperature measure and control.
Serious nonlinear relationship is there is between the resistance of NTC thermistor and temperature.If just directly sampled to thermistor without linearization process, high temperature low temperature samples can be caused to differentiate the result of rate variance, therefore in actual use, need to carry out effective linear compensation to the non-linear of NTC thermistor.Conventional solution has electric bridge linear approach, constant current source or constant pressure source mensuration, amplifier offset method, timing circuit method etc.Bridge balance method linearization successful, circuit is simple, and antijamming capability is strong, but measuring accuracy is not high, usually applies to the less demanding occasion of temperature measurement accuracy.Constant current and constant-voltage method can realize the conversion of resistance to voltage signal easily, but they need extra increase single-chip microcomputer and related software thereof to solve its nonlinear problem, the complexity of circuit can be made to uprise, also can propose strict demand to the stability in constant current constant voltage source used simultaneously.
In a word, traditional NTC linearization technique otherwise linearization degree poor, or circuit is complicated and cost is higher.Therefore, propose a kind of simple NTC thermistor linearization technique efficiently and become very necessary.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
In view of this, fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of simply efficient thermistor linear compensation circuit based on triode output characteristics, to realize the linear compensation to thermistor.
(2) technical scheme
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of thermistor linear compensation circuit based on triode output characteristics, comprising:
Sensing module 1, detects in real time for temperature to external world, and converts the temperature signal detected to current signal;
Constant flow module 2, for controlling and regulate the collector current I of the second PNP type triode Q2
cQ2, thus realize the collector current I to the first NPN type triode Q1
bQ1control;
Amplification module 3, for providing feedback, puts on NTC thermistor R by the compensation of compensating module 4
t, and constant voltage is provided, ensure NTC thermistor R
tthe voltage constant at two ends;
Compensating module 4, for utilizing the nonlinearity cancellation NTC thermistor R of the first NPN type triode Q1 output characteristic curve
tnon-linear, thus realize linearization function;
Interface module 5, comprises V
ccinterface, V
sSinterface, V
ooutput interface and GNG interface, wherein V
ccinterface and V
sSinterface provides supply voltage for whole thermistor linear compensation circuit; V
ooutput interface and GND interface provide output port for external circuit.
In such scheme, described sensing module 1 comprises a NTC thermistor R
t; This NTC thermistor R
tone end and interface module 5 in V
sSinterface is connected, this NTC thermistor R
tthe other end be connected with the reverse input end of OP operational amplifier in amplification module 3.
In such scheme, described NTC thermistor R
tthe voltage constant at two ends is V
sS, flow through NTC thermistor R
tthe change of electric current will play the effect of sensing temperature T change.
In such scheme, described constant flow module 2 comprises the first diode D1, the second diode D2, the first constant resistance R1, the second constant resistance R2 and the second PNP type triode Q2, wherein:
One end of second constant resistance R2 is connected with GND in interface module 5, and the other end of the second constant resistance R2 is connected with the negative pole of the second diode D2;
Negative pole one end of first diode D1 is connected with the second constant resistance R2, and the positive pole of the first diode D1 is connected with the negative pole of the second diode D2;
The negative pole of the second diode D2 is connected with the first diode D1 positive pole, the V in the positive pole of the second diode D2 and interface module 5
ccinterface is connected.
In such scheme, between first diode D1, the second diode D2, the second PNP type triode Q2, the second constant resistance R2, dividing potential drop relation can ensure that voltage constant on the first constant resistance R1 is at 0.6V, therefore can reach adjustment by the resistance of adjustment first constant resistance R1 and control the second PNP type triode Q2 collector current I
cQ2the object of size, and know I by the structure of thermistor linear compensation circuit
cQ2equal I
bQ1, the base current I of adjustment first NPN type triode Q1 is therefore finally played by the resistance of adjustment first constant resistance R1
bQ1the object of size.
In such scheme, described amplification module 3 comprises OP operational amplifier and pull-up resistor R
o, wherein:
The positive input terminal of OP operational amplifier is connected with the GND interface of interface module, the negative input end of OP operational amplifier is connected with the emitter of the first NPN type triode Q1 in compensating module 4, the output terminal of OP operational amplifier is connected with the collector of the first NPN type triode Q1 in compensating module 4, the positive and negative power supply port of OP operational amplifier respectively with V in interface module
ccinterface and V
sSinterface is connected;
Pull-up resistor R
oone end be connected with the output terminal of OP operational amplifier, pull-up resistor R
othe other end be connected with GND in interface module 4.
In such scheme, described OP operational amplifier can ensure to flow through NTC thermistor R
telectric current all by the first NPN type triode Q1 collector current I
cQ1there is provided, thus ensure that the function of compensating module 4 is achieved.
In such scheme, described compensating module 4 comprises the first NPN type triode Q1, is the nucleus module of whole thermistor linear compensation circuit, carries out effective linear compensation for realizing to thermo-sensitive resistor.
In such scheme, described first NPN type triode Q1 is npn type bipolar transistor, emitter is connected with the negative input end of OP operational amplifier in amplification module 3, collector is connected with the output terminal of OP operational amplifier in amplification module 3, and base stage is connected with the collector of the second PNP type triode Q2 in constant flow module 2.
In such scheme, adjustable resistance is adopted to substitute the first constant resistance R1, the second constant resistance R2 and pull-up resistor R
o, thus be convenient to debugging and the optimization of circuit.
(3) beneficial effect
As can be seen from technique scheme, the present invention has following characteristics:,
1, the thermistor linear compensation circuit based on triode output characteristics provided by the invention, the linearization effect of circuit is very good.Simulation and experiment shows, in temperature range very large from-25 DEG C to+125 DEG C, can realize very good linear compensation effect.
2, the thermistor linear compensation circuit based on triode output characteristics provided by the invention, circuit structure is very simple.Non-linear to linear direct conversion owing to not needing single-chip microcomputer just can realize, therefore circuit structure is very simple.
3, the thermistor linear compensation circuit based on triode output characteristics provided by the invention, circuit transforms highly sensitive.Realize based on analog element completely, therefore do not need analog digital loaded down with trivial details conversion, avoid a large amount of data processings and linear fit, therefore the sensitivity of circuit is very high.
4, the thermistor linear compensation circuit based on triode output characteristics provided by the invention, circuit is conducive to large-scale production, greatly can reduce production and the maintenance cost of NTC temperature sensing circuit, therefore extremely be conducive to large-scale production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, describe in detail bright to the further ocean of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the thermistor linear compensation circuit based on triode output characteristics provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is the analog simulation design sketch of the thermistor linear compensation circuit based on triode output characteristics provided by the invention.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
Thermistor linear compensation circuit based on triode output characteristics provided by the invention, utilizes the non-linear and NTC thermistor R of the first NPN type triode Q1 output characteristic curve
tresistance value and temperature between non-linearly to cancel out each other, namely utilize the non-linear of the first NPN type triode Q1 to compensate NTC thermistor R
tnon-linear, finally reach output voltage V
oand the linear relationship between temperature T.
NTC thermistor R
tresistance value and temperature between there is serious nonlinear relationship.Along with the rising of temperature, NTC thermistor R
tresistance value can decline, and practical study shows NTC thermistor R
tresistance value and temperature between nonlinear relationship be e index relation.Common BJT triode, has amplification, cut-off and saturated three kinds of duties, by regulating collector current Ic, collector and emitter voltage V
cEwith base current I
btriangular magnitude relationship, can the duty of control BJT triode.At base current I
bin changeless situation, and thermistor is similar, BJT transistor collector electric current I
cand the voltage V between collector and emitter
cEbetween also have very serious non-linear, and this nonlinear relationship meets e index, and this nonlinear relationship also can be subject to base current I
bcontrol.
Based on above theory, as shown in Figure 1, its cardinal principle is the e index nonlinear relationship and the NTC thermistor R that utilize BJT output characteristic curve to the thermistor linear compensation circuit based on triode output characteristics that the present invention proposes
te index nonlinear relationship offset and reach the object of linear compensation.
As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the thermistor linear compensation circuit based on triode output characteristics provided by the invention, this thermistor linear compensation circuit comprises NTC sensing module 1, constant flow module 2, amplification module 3, compensating module 4 and interface module 5, wherein:
Sensing module 1 detects in real time for temperature to external world, and converts the temperature signal detected to current signal.In Fig. 1, sensing module 1 comprises a NTC thermistor R
t.NTC thermistor R
tone end and interface module 5 in V
sSinterface is connected, NTC thermistor R
tthe other end be connected with the reverse input end of OP operational amplifier in amplification module 3.NTC thermistor R
tthe voltage constant at two ends is V
sS, flow through NTC thermistor R
tthe change of electric current will play the effect of sensing temperature T change.
Constant flow module 2 is for controlling and regulate the collector current I of the second PNP type triode Q2
cQ2, thus realize the collector current I to the first NPN type triode Q1
bQ1control.In Fig. 1, constant flow module 2 comprises the first diode D1, the second diode D2, the first constant resistance R1, the second constant resistance R2 and the second PNP type triode Q2.One end of second constant resistance R2 is connected with GND in interface module 5, and the other end of the second constant resistance R2 is connected with the negative pole of the second diode D2.Negative pole one end of first diode D1 is connected with the second constant resistance R2, and the positive pole of the first diode D1 is connected with the negative pole of the second diode D2.The negative pole of the second diode D2 is connected with the first diode D1 positive pole, the V in the positive pole of the second diode D2 and interface module 5
ccinterface is connected.Between first diode D1, the second diode D2, the second PNP type triode Q2, the second constant resistance R2, dividing potential drop relation can ensure that voltage constant on the first constant resistance R1 is at about 0.6V, therefore can reach adjustment by the resistance of adjustment first constant resistance R1 and control the second PNP type triode Q2 collector current I
cQ2the object of size, and can I be known by the structure of circuit
cQ2equal I
bQ1, the base current I of adjustment first NPN type triode Q1 is therefore finally played by the resistance of adjustment first constant resistance R1
bQ1the object of size.Suitable first NPN type triode Q1 output characteristic curve and a NTC thermistor R can be found by regulating
tperfect compensation each other, that is desirable compensation effect finally obtains by constantly regulating the first constant resistance R1 resistance value.
Amplification module 3, for providing feedback, puts on NTC thermistor R by the compensation of compensating module 4
t, and constant voltage is provided, ensure NTC thermistor R
tthe voltage constant at two ends.In Fig. 1, amplification module 3 comprises OP operational amplifier and pull-up resistor R
othe positive input terminal of OP operational amplifier is connected with the GND of interface module, the negative input end of OP operational amplifier is connected with the emitter of the first NPN type triode Q1 in compensating module 4, the output terminal of OP operational amplifier is connected with the collector of the first NPN type triode Q1 in compensating module 4, the positive and negative power supply port of OP operational amplifier respectively with V in interface module
ccinterface and V
sSinterface is connected.Pull-up resistor R
oone end be connected with the output terminal of OP operational amplifier, pull-up resistor R
othe other end be connected with GND in interface module 4.OP operational amplifier can ensure that the electric current flowing through NTC thermistor RT is all by the first NPN type triode Q1 collector current I
cQ1there is provided, thus ensure that the function of compensating module 4 is achieved.
Compensating module 4 is for utilizing the nonlinearity cancellation NTC thermistor R of the first NPN type triode Q1 output characteristic curve
tnon-linear, thus realize linearization function.In Fig. 1, compensating module 4 comprises the first NPN type triode Q1, although compensating module 4 only has a circuit component to form, compensating module 4 is but the nucleus module of whole thermistor linear compensation circuit, carries out effective linear compensation for realizing to thermo-sensitive resistor.First NPN type triode Q1 is npn type bipolar transistor, emitter is connected with the negative input end of OP operational amplifier in amplification module 3, collector is connected with the output terminal of OP operational amplifier in amplification module 3, and base stage is connected with the collector of the second PNP type triode Q2 in constant flow module 2.
Interface module 5, comprises V
ccinterface, V
sSinterface, V
ooutput interface and GNG interface, wherein V
ccinterface and V
sSinterface provides supply voltage for whole thermistor linear compensation circuit; V
ooutput interface and GND interface provide output port for external circuit.The connected mode of each interface in interface module 5, as shown in Figure 1.
In addition, the output voltage V of the thermistor linear compensation circuit based on triode output characteristics provided by the invention
obe exactly the collector emitter voltage V of the first NPN type triode Q1
cE.
Thermistor linear compensation circuit based on triode output characteristics provided by the invention, when circuit normally works, sensing temperature T changes the resistance R by changing thermistor
t, thus output voltage V
oalso will change.But change in any case, circuit can ensure output voltage V all the time
oand keep very good linear relationship between the temperature T that NTC thermistor senses, linear compensation effect is as shown in Fig. 2 intermediate cam curve.In order to proof scheme validity from the negative further, substitute the first NPN type triode Q1 in compensating module 4 with the 3rd constant resistance R3, circuit will lose linearization effect, as shown in Fig. 2 orbicular spot curve.
Thermistor linear compensation circuit based on triode output characteristics provided by the invention, by applying suitable linear compensation circuit to NTC thermistor, effectively overcome the nonlinear relationship between the resistance value of thermistor and temperature, realize the linear changing relation between Output rusults and temperature in thermistor temp measuring process.In actual applications, the first constant resistance R1, the second constant resistance R2 and pull-up resistor R
o, can substitute with adjustable resistance, thus be convenient to debugging and the optimization of circuit.
Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1., based on a thermistor linear compensation circuit for triode output characteristics, it is characterized in that, comprise:
Sensing module (1), detects in real time for temperature to external world, and converts the temperature signal detected to current signal;
Constant flow module (2), for controlling and regulate the collector current (I of the second PNP type triode (Q2)
cQ2), thus realize the collector current (I to the first NPN type triode (Q1)
bQ1) control;
Amplification module (3), for providing feedback, puts on NTC thermistor (R by the compensation of compensating module (4)
t), and constant voltage is provided, ensure NTC thermistor (R
t) voltage constant at two ends;
Compensating module (4), for utilizing the nonlinearity cancellation NTC thermistor (R of the first NPN type triode (Q1) output characteristic curve
t) non-linear, thus realize linearization function;
Interface module (5), comprises V
cCinterface, V
sSinterface, V
ooutput interface and GNG interface, wherein V
cCinterface and V
sSinterface provides supply voltage for whole thermistor linear compensation circuit; V
ooutput interface and GND interface provide output port for external circuit.
2. the thermistor linear compensation circuit based on triode output characteristics according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described sensing module (1) comprises a NTC thermistor (R
t); This NTC thermistor (R
t) one end and interface module (5) in V
sSinterface is connected, this NTC thermistor (R
t) the other end and amplification module (3) in the reverse input end of OP operational amplifier be connected.
3. the thermistor linear compensation circuit based on triode output characteristics according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described NTC thermistor (R
t) voltage constant at two ends is V
sS, flow through NTC thermistor (R
t) electric current change will play sensing temperature T change effect.
4. the thermistor linear compensation circuit based on triode output characteristics according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described constant flow module (2) comprises the first diode (D1), the second diode (D2), the first constant resistance (R1), the second constant resistance (R2) and the second PNP type triode (Q2), wherein:
One end of second constant resistance (R2) is connected with GND in interface module (5), and the other end of the second constant resistance (R2) is connected with the negative pole of the second diode (D2);
Negative pole one end of first diode (D1) is connected with the second constant resistance (R2), and the positive pole of the first diode (D1) is connected with the negative pole of the second diode (D2);
The negative pole of the second diode (D2) is connected with the first diode (D1) positive pole, the V in the positive pole of the second diode (D2) and interface module (5)
cCinterface is connected.
5. the thermistor linear compensation circuit based on triode output characteristics according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, between first diode (D1), the second diode (D2), the second PNP type triode (Q2), the second constant resistance (R2), dividing potential drop relation can ensure that voltage constant in the first constant resistance (R1) is at 0.6V, therefore can reach adjustment by the resistance of adjustment first constant resistance (R1) and control the second PNP type triode (Q2) collector current (I
cQ2) object of size, and know I by the structure of thermistor linear compensation circuit
cQ2equal I
bQ1, the base current (I of adjustment first NPN type triode (Q1) is therefore finally played by the resistance of adjustment first constant resistance (R1)
bQ1) the object of size.
6. the thermistor linear compensation circuit based on triode output characteristics according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described amplification module (3) comprises OP operational amplifier and pull-up resistor (R
o), wherein:
The positive input terminal of OP operational amplifier is connected with the GND interface of interface module, the negative input end of OP operational amplifier is connected with the emitter of the first NPN type triode (Q1) in compensating module (4), the output terminal of OP operational amplifier is connected with the collector of the first NPN type triode (Q1) in compensating module (4), the positive and negative power supply port of OP operational amplifier respectively with V in interface module
cCinterface and V
sSinterface is connected;
Pull-up resistor (R
o) one end be connected with the output terminal of OP operational amplifier, pull-up resistor (R
o) the other end and interface module (4) in GND be connected.
7. the thermistor linear compensation circuit based on triode output characteristics according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described OP operational amplifier can ensure to flow through NTC thermistor (R
t) electric current all by the first NPN type triode (Q1) collector current (I
cQ1) provide, thus ensure that the function of compensating module (4) is achieved.
8. the thermistor linear compensation circuit based on triode output characteristics according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described compensating module (4) comprises the first NPN type triode (Q1), being the nucleus module of whole thermistor linear compensation circuit, for realizing, effective linear compensation being carried out to thermo-sensitive resistor.
9. the thermistor linear compensation circuit based on triode output characteristics according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described first NPN type triode (Q1) is npn type bipolar transistor, emitter is connected with the negative input end of OP operational amplifier in amplification module (3), collector is connected with the output terminal of OP operational amplifier in amplification module (3), and base stage is connected with the collector of the second PNP type triode (Q2) in constant flow module (2).
10. the thermistor linear compensation circuit based on triode output characteristics according to claim 1, is characterized in that, adopts adjustable resistance to substitute the first constant resistance (R1), the second constant resistance (R2) and pull-up resistor (R
o), thus be convenient to debugging and the optimization of circuit.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510065521.XA CN104713659A (en) | 2015-02-09 | 2015-02-09 | Thermistor resistance linear compensation circuit based on transistor output characteristic |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510065521.XA CN104713659A (en) | 2015-02-09 | 2015-02-09 | Thermistor resistance linear compensation circuit based on transistor output characteristic |
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ID=53413181
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|---|---|---|---|
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| CN112651382A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-04-13 | 北京中科虹霸科技有限公司 | Focusing data calibration system and iris image acquisition system |
| CN114353865A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-04-15 | 广东盈科电子有限公司 | Temperature and humidity detection circuit and temperature and humidity detection method |
| CN117978104A (en) * | 2024-03-28 | 2024-05-03 | 季华实验室 | Power supply circuit with temperature compensation function and radio frequency amplifier |
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| CN112651382B (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2024-04-02 | 北京中科虹霸科技有限公司 | Focusing data calibration system and iris image acquisition system |
| CN114353865A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-04-15 | 广东盈科电子有限公司 | Temperature and humidity detection circuit and temperature and humidity detection method |
| CN114353865B (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2024-04-16 | 广东盈科电子有限公司 | Temperature and humidity detection circuit and temperature and humidity detection method |
| CN117978104A (en) * | 2024-03-28 | 2024-05-03 | 季华实验室 | Power supply circuit with temperature compensation function and radio frequency amplifier |
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