CN104701931B - Discharge capacity evaluation method of mass electric automobiles - Google Patents

Discharge capacity evaluation method of mass electric automobiles Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104701931B
CN104701931B CN201510040177.9A CN201510040177A CN104701931B CN 104701931 B CN104701931 B CN 104701931B CN 201510040177 A CN201510040177 A CN 201510040177A CN 104701931 B CN104701931 B CN 104701931B
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electric automobile
time
discharge capacity
electric
battery
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CN104701931A (en
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李喜兰
唐田
林章岁
林红阳
刘瑜俊
徐青山
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Southeast University
State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co Ltd
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Southeast University
State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co Ltd
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

The invention relates to a discharge capacity evaluation analyzing method. The method comprises the steps of S1, acquiring use information of an electric automobile user using the electric automobile; S2, acquiring the battery charge state at the beginning of charging of the electric automobile user and the battery charge state at the end of charging; S3, calculating and drawing a probability distribution curve of the time that the electric automobile is connected to a power grid; S4, setting the displacing capacity of the electric automobile as the capacity which can be achieved for various power grid V2G technology by the electric automobile; S5, deriving the discharge capacity calculation formula of the electric automobile according to the conditions; S6, evaluating the discharge capacity of the electric automobile. With the adoption of the method, a discharge capacity model can be built; the capacity evaluation can be carried out according to the history or real-time data, which facilitates the strategy preparation of the automobile electrode joining in V2G operation; the peak load shifting can be achieved; the energy can be saved, and the emission can be reduced, and the renewable energy accepting capacity can be improved.

Description

A kind of scale electric automobile can discharge capacity appraisal procedure
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric automobile accesses electrical network（V2G）Technology and technical field of energy storage, particularly a kind of scale electricity Electrical automobile can discharge capacity appraisal procedure.
Background technology
With the extensive development of distribution type renewable energy, the dispersed and distributed of regenerative resource, randomness, intermittence Bring huge challenge to operation of power networks, and this problem of solution that develops into of energy storage technology provides feasible and effective solution Method.Meanwhile, the electric automobile having load with power supply double attribute is promoted just in worldwide and is studied, and it is in and connects When entering electric network state, electric automobile power battery can be considered to disperse a kind of battery energy storage of Stochastic accessing.It is different from fixation The energy-storage system of configuration, electric automobile energy storage has mobility, just can with distribution type renewable energy carry out effectively mutual Dynamic, reach peak load shifting, energy-saving and emission-reduction, the effect of lifting regenerative resource receiving ability.
The core concept of V2G is exactly by the use of the energy storage source of a large amount of electric automobiles as electrical network and regenerative resource buffering.Logical Cross V2G permissible：1. by the use of battery of electric vehicle as the buffering of electrical network, it is the service of electrical network provided auxiliary, such as peak regulation, reactive-load compensation Deng；2. extra income can be provided for car owner, offset the expensive component buying electric automobile, be conducive to the popularization of cleaning vehicle； 3. grid stability and reliability can be increased, reduce power system operation cost.In the long run, V2G can reduce and send out to new The investment of electric infrastructure；Energy stores buffering can also be produced, thus provide for regenerative resource supporting.From generally speaking, The domestic research to V2G primarily focuses on feasibility analysis, integrally-built description and each composition partial function analysis etc., and Its concrete implementation technology is then related to less, is sporadicly distributed in the few document of quantity.Electric automobile accesses electric power network technique （V2G）Research be concentrated mainly on its charging load and charge requirement aspect.
The document delivered at present does not initiate to charging modes of dissimilar vehicle corresponding charging interval（SOC）Carry out drawing Point, assume that all vehicles are each filled with or are charged to the different charge requirement that given capacity does not consider vehicle when analyzing charge requirement. With developing rapidly of following electric automobile, charging electric vehicle load can affect the shape of load curve, its charge requirement The requirement to generated energy can be improved.But the research currently for electric automobile electric discharge is less, is primarily due to electric automobile and puts The technical difficulty of electricity is more than and charges, and is related to the problem of automobile user participation, but electric automobile has energy storage characteristic Innate advantage, scale run after schedulable ability limitless, the therefore research to it is particularly important, this research contents In the urgent need to a kind of assessment computational methods of electric automobile schedulable capacity.
Content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of scale electric automobile can discharge capacity appraisal procedure, lead to Cross and set up discharge capacity model, carry out Capacity Assessment using history or real time data, in order to help formulate electric automobile participation V2G Operation reserve, reaches peak load shifting, energy-saving and emission-reduction, the effect of lifting regenerative resource receiving ability.
The present invention adopts following methods to realize：A kind of scale electric automobile can discharge capacity appraisal procedure, concrete wrap Include following steps：
Step S1：Obtain automobile user and use the initial time of electric automobile, end time, end place, charging Initial time, charging end time, charging place and charging duration；
Step S2：According to electrically-charging equipment detection data, obtain the battery charge shape of automobile user charging initial time State, and the battery charge state of charging finishing time；
Step S3：According to the result according to step S1 and step S2, calculate and draw electric automobile and access power grid time Probability distribution curve；
Step S4：Set electric automobile can discharge capacity as electric automobile current time can release for electrical network The amount of capacity of V2G items technology；
Step S5：State-of-charge according to the electrokinetic cell accessing electric automobile and turn-on time, it is divided into three kinds of situations and pushes away Conductive electrical automobile can discharge capacity computing formula；
Step S6：Electronic by be derived from the usage history data of electric automobile or real time data substitution step S5 Automobile can discharge capacity computing formula, can discharge capacity in order to assess electric automobile.
Further, step S3 is further comprising the steps：
Step S31：At the end of charging initial time according to a large amount of automobile users obtaining in step S1 and charging Between draw electric automobile access power grid time probability distribution curve, in order to determine electric automobile access electrical network time；
Step S32：The expectation that electric automobile accesses electrical network probability is calculated according to the overall access situation of electric automobile, wherein The computing formula of t is：
,
Wherein, N represents the investigation sample quantity of electric automobile,Represent that i car accesses electrical network,Represent that i car does not access Electrical network.
Further, step S4 further includes：According to computing formulaShow that t scale is electronic Automobile always can discharge capacity, wherein,For scale electric automobile always can discharge capacity,Discharged appearance for i car Amount.
Further, described step S5 is specially：Set first access moment of certain electric automobile as, the departure time is, Current time isIt is, more than correspondence that the state-of-charge of battery in the same time is not respectively、、, the charging load of electric automobile For, the electric discharge load of electric automobile is,iThe battery capacity of car is；
A) when the electric quantity of batteries of electric vehicle accessing electrical network is relatively low, charged wanting can not all be met when electric automobile leaves When asking, that is, whenDuring establishment, all electricity all cannot be used for V2G project, now
,
B) when access electrical network electric quantity of batteries of electric vehicle higher or apart from time departure also compare long when, that is, whenDuring establishment, all of battery remaining capacity may be used to V2G project, now
,
C) when the electric quantity of batteries of electric vehicle accessing electrical network is not both the above situation, that is, battery can release part Electricity is used for V2G project, now
,
Wherein,With described formulaInUnanimously.
Further, described formulaSpecific derivation process be：
T n Before moment, the charge and discharge process of electric automobile is
T a WithT n Between the charged state of electric automobile be to determine, and do not affectT n Discharge and recharge strategy after moment； IfT n Moment,iCar will participate in V2G project, then the continuous releasing energy that now battery can bear be exactly can discharge capacity, FromT n Moment is to cut-off time of dischargingT e The energy released is represented by
,
To describe from state-of-charge angle, this portion of energy is represented by
,
Electric discharge cut-off timeT e To the departure timeT l Between, battery must proceed to charged state to ensure the use of user, This process is represented by
According to the requirement of different user,Q i,l Of different sizes；
Can be solved according to all of above formula:
.
The present invention be directed to electric automobile will scale run practical situation, proposition can discharge capacity assessment side Method, solves electric automobile and participates in the capability problemses that V2G project reality exists, in view of automobile user use habit Meanwhile, convey energy as ambulant energy storage device to electrical network, interaction effectively can be carried out with distribution type renewable energy, Reach peak load shifting, energy-saving and emission-reduction, the effect of lifting regenerative resource receiving ability, can be widely applied to the scientific research of V2G And engineer applied.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the implementing procedure figure of technical solution of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the access probability cartogram of dissimilar electric automobile；
Fig. 3 can discharge capacity figure for overall electric automobile.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment the present invention will be further described.
The present embodiment provide a kind of scale electric automobile can discharge capacity appraisal procedure, as shown in figure 1, specifically including Following steps：
Step S1：Obtain automobile user and use the initial time of electric automobile, end time, end place, charging Initial time, charging end time, charging place and charging duration；
Step S2：According to electrically-charging equipment detection data, obtain the battery charge shape of automobile user charging initial time State, and the battery charge state of charging finishing time；
Step S3：According to the result according to step S1 and step S2, calculate and draw electric automobile and access power grid time Probability distribution curve；
Step S4：Set electric automobile can discharge capacity as electric automobile current time can release for electrical network The amount of capacity of V2G items technology；
Step S5：State-of-charge according to the electrokinetic cell accessing electric automobile and turn-on time, it is divided into three kinds of situations and pushes away Conductive electrical automobile can discharge capacity computing formula；
Step S6：Electronic by be derived from the usage history data of electric automobile or real time data substitution step S5 Automobile can discharge capacity computing formula, can discharge capacity in order to assess electric automobile.
Especially, the statistical data used by this example is based on U.S. NHTS（national house hold travel survey）Survey result and the statistical data of domestic electric automobile demonstrative project.
In the present embodiment, step S3 is further comprising the steps：
Step S31：At the end of charging initial time according to a large amount of automobile users obtaining in step S1 and charging Between draw electric automobile access power grid time probability distribution curve, in order to determine electric automobile access electrical network time；
Step S32：The expectation that electric automobile accesses electrical network probability is calculated according to the overall access situation of electric automobile, wherein The computing formula of t is：
,
Wherein, N represents the investigation sample quantity of electric automobile,Represent that i car accesses electrical network,Represent that i car does not access Electrical network.
It is preferred that Fig. 2 gives the result of the statistics and analysis of access probability.
In the present embodiment, step S4 further includes：According to computing formulaDraw t scale Electric automobile always can discharge capacity, wherein,For scale electric automobile always can discharge capacity,For putting of i car Capacitance.Overall discharge capacity when wherein scale electric automobile runs can equal to the electric automobile of each access electrical network Discharge capacity sum.On the other hand, be not each electric automobile in t it is to access electric network state, so introduce accessing Probability embodies rate while electric automobile accesses electrical network.
In the present embodiment, described step S5 is specially：Set first access moment of certain electric automobile as, the departure time For, current time isIt is, more than correspondence that the state-of-charge of battery in the same time is not respectively、、, the charging of electric automobile Load is, the electric discharge load of electric automobile is,iThe battery capacity of car is；
A) when the electric quantity of batteries of electric vehicle accessing electrical network is relatively low, charged wanting can not all be met when electric automobile leaves When asking, that is, whenDuring establishment, all electricity all cannot be used for V2G project, now
,
B) when access electrical network electric quantity of batteries of electric vehicle higher or apart from time departure also compare long when, that is, whenDuring establishment, all of battery remaining capacity may be used to V2G project, now
,
C) when the electric quantity of batteries of electric vehicle accessing electrical network is not both the above situation, that is, battery can release part Electricity is used for V2G project, now
,
Wherein,With described formulaInUnanimously.
In the present embodiment, described formulaSpecific derivation process be：
T n Before moment, the charge and discharge process of electric automobile is
T a WithT n Between the charged state of electric automobile be to determine, and do not affectT n Discharge and recharge strategy after moment； IfT n Moment,iCar will participate in V2G project, then the continuous releasing energy that now battery can bear be exactly can discharge capacity, FromT n Moment is to cut-off time of dischargingT e The energy released is represented by
,
To describe from state-of-charge angle, this portion of energy is represented by
,
Electric discharge cut-off timeT e To the departure timeT l Between, battery must proceed to charged state to ensure the use of user, This process is represented by
According to the requirement of different user,Q i,l Of different sizes；
Can be solved according to all of above formula:
.
Variable in formulaT n WithQ n It is all only relevant with current time, therefore at any time, can be according to access system The state-of-charge of batteries of electric automobile and the time departure estimated, estimate can discharge capacity, thus putting to electric automobile Electric Real-Time Scheduling is significant.
Based on above step, the usage history data of electric automobile or real time data can be substituted in step S5 and derive The electric automobile going out can discharge capacity computing formula, can discharge capacity in order to assess electric automobile.Fig. 3 gives 18：00 to 24： 00 this region averagely can discharge capacity.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all impartial changes done according to scope of the present invention patent with Modify, all should belong to the covering scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of scale electric automobile can discharge capacity appraisal procedure it is characterised in that comprising the following steps：
Step S1：Obtain automobile user use the initial time of electric automobile, end time, end place, charge initial Time, charging end time, charging place and charging duration；
Step S2：According to electrically-charging equipment detection data, obtain the battery charge state of automobile user charging initial time, with And the battery charge state of end time of charging；
Step S3：According to the result of step S1 and step S2, calculate and draw the probability distribution that electric automobile accesses power grid time Curve；
Step S4：Set electric automobile can discharge capacity as electric automobile current time release for electrical network V2G items skill The amount of capacity of art；
Step S5：State-of-charge according to the electrokinetic cell accessing electric automobile and turn-on time, it is divided into three kinds of situations derivation electricity Electrical automobile can discharge capacity computing formula；
Step S6：The usage history data of electric automobile or real time data are substituted into the electric automobile being derived from step S5 Can discharge capacity computing formula, can discharge capacity in order to assess electric automobile；
Described step S3 is further comprising the steps：
Step S31：Charging initial time according to a large amount of automobile users obtaining in step S1 and end time of charging paint Electric automobile processed accesses the probability distribution curve of power grid time, in order to determine the time of electric automobile access electrical network；
Step S32：When the expectation, wherein t that electric automobile accesses electrical network probability is calculated according to the overall access situation of electric automobile Carve computing formula be：
P ( t ) = lim N → ∞ 1 N Σ i = 1 N ξ i , t ,
Wherein, N represents the investigation sample quantity of electric automobile, and ξ=1 represents that i car accesses electrical network, and ξ=0 represents that i car does not access electricity Net；ξi,tRepresent whether electric automobile accesses the variable parameter of electrical network.
2. a kind of scale electric automobile according to claim 1 can discharge capacity appraisal procedure it is characterised in that：Step Rapid S4 further includes：According to computing formulaDraw the appearance of always can discharging of t scale electric automobile Amount, wherein, EtFor scale electric automobile always can discharge capacity, Ei,tFor i car can discharge capacity, P (t) represent scale The general power of electric automobile.
3. a kind of scale electric automobile according to claim 2 can discharge capacity appraisal procedure it is characterised in that：Institute State step S5 to be specially：Set the access power grid time of certain electric automobile first as Ta, the departure time is Tl, current time is Tn, right The state-of-charge answering above not battery in the same time is respectively Qa、Ql、Qn, the charging load of electric automobile is Pc, electric automobile Electric discharge load is Pd, the battery capacity of i car is Si；
A) when the electric quantity of batteries of electric vehicle accessing electrical network is relatively low, when all can not meet charged requirement when electric automobile leaves, I.e. as (Tl-Tn)Pc＜ (1-Qi,n)SiDuring establishment, all electricity all cannot be used for V2G project, now
Ei,n=0
B) when the electric quantity of batteries of electric vehicle accessing electrical network is higher or also compares long apart from time departure, that is, work as Tl-Tn＞ Qi, nSi/Pd+Si/PcDuring establishment, all of battery remaining capacity may be used to V2G project, now
Ei,n=Qi,nSi,
C) when the electric quantity of batteries of electric vehicle accessing electrical network is not both the above situation, that is, battery can be released part electricity and be used In V2G project, now
E i , n = P d P c + P d [ ( T l - T n ) P c - ( 1 - Q i , n ) S i ] ,
Wherein, Ei,nWith formulaIn Ei,tUnanimously, Ei,nFor i car can discharge capacity, QI, nFor i car battery State-of-charge.
4. a kind of scale electric automobile according to claim 3 can discharge capacity appraisal procedure it is characterised in that：Institute State formulaSpecific derivation process be：
TnBefore moment, the charge and discharge process of electric automobile is
Q i , n = Q i , a + 1 S i ∫ T n T n P c d t
TaAnd TnBetween the charged state of electric automobile be to determine, and do not affect TnDischarge and recharge strategy after moment；If TnWhen At quarter, i car will participate in V2G project, then the continuous releasing energy that now battery can bear be exactly can discharge capacity, from TnMoment To electric discharge cut-off time TeThe energy released is represented by
E i , n = ∫ T n T e P d d t = ( T e - T n ) P d ,
To describe from state-of-charge angle, this portion of energy is represented by
Ei,n=(Qn-Qe)Si,
Electric discharge cut-off time TeTo departure time TlBetween, battery must proceed to charged state to ensure the use of user, this process It is represented by
Q i , l = Q i , e + 1 S i ∫ T e T l P c d t = Q i , e + ( T l - T e ) P c S i
According to the requirement of different user, Qi,lOf different sizes；
Can be solved according to all of above formula:
E i , n = P d P c + P d [ ( T l - T n ) P c - ( 1 - Q i , n ) S i ] ,
Wherein, Qi,aState-of-charge for the time started i car battery that charges；QeState-of-charge for the battery of cut-off time of discharging； Qi,lFor the state-of-charge of the cut-off time battery that discharges, Qi,eState-of-charge for the cut-off time i car battery that discharges.
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