CN104691771A - Fuel giving machine active search type aerial refueling auxiliary device for aircrafts - Google Patents
Fuel giving machine active search type aerial refueling auxiliary device for aircrafts Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明属于飞机空中加油技术领域，具体涉及一种授油机主寻式飞机空中加油辅助装置。 The invention belongs to the technical field of aerial refueling of aircraft, and in particular relates to an auxiliary device for aerial refueling of a refueling aircraft.
背景技术 Background technique
现有技术中，在飞机空中加油时，授油机将软管放出机外，受油机的飞行员调整受油机的位置以便将加油管放入授油机锥套内，由于受油机和授油机的速度差及高度差都有严重的规定，因此受油机飞行员的操纵动作必须十分稳定准确，这对于受油机飞行员的技能要求极高，操作起来也有很大的难度。另外，由于授油机锥套在空中气流的影响下很不稳定，对于一些主寻式飞机空中加油辅助装置调整起来稳定性不够理想。 In the prior art, when the aircraft is refueling in the air, the oil delivery machine releases the hose out of the machine, and the pilot of the oil receiver adjusts the position of the oil receiver so as to put the refueling pipe into the drogue sleeve of the oil receiver. There are strict regulations on the speed difference and altitude difference of the receiver aircraft, so the pilots of the receiver aircraft must operate very stably and accurately, which requires extremely high skills for the pilot of the receiver aircraft and is also very difficult to operate. In addition, because the drogue sleeve of the oil receiver is very unstable under the influence of the air flow, the stability of the adjustment of the aerial refueling auxiliary device for some main-seeking aircraft is not ideal.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明解决的技术问题是提供了一种使用方便且操作简单的授油机主寻式飞机空中加油辅助装置，该辅助装置由授油机的操作人员控制并调节授油机锥套的方向，进而完成空中加油过程，在受油机加油管与授油机锥套的对接过程中，通过调节三根电动推杆的相对位置使三角扰流板相对于水平方向产生一个角度，称之为迎角，改变三角扰流板迎角的大小，根据矢量运算的平行四边形法则，改变授油机锥套的受力从而调整授油机锥套的位置，完成授油机锥套与受油机加油管的对接。根据实际情况，通过控制三根电动推杆的升降，改变迎角的大小从而实现授油机锥套上下左右方向的调节。 The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a kind of easy-to-use and easy-to-operate auxiliary device for aerial refueling of the main-seeking aircraft of the oiler. The auxiliary device is controlled by the operator of the oiler and adjusts the direction of the oiler drogue. Then to complete the aerial refueling process, during the docking process of the refueling pipe of the refueling machine and the drogue sleeve of the refueling machine, by adjusting the relative positions of the three electric push rods, an angle is formed between the triangular spoiler relative to the horizontal direction, which is called the angle of attack , change the angle of attack of the triangular spoiler, and according to the parallelogram law of vector calculation, change the force of the drogue sleeve of the oil receiver to adjust the position of the drogue sleeve of the oil receiver, and complete the drogue sleeve of the oil receiver and the filling pipe of the oil receiver docking. According to the actual situation, by controlling the lifting of the three electric push rods, the angle of attack can be changed to realize the adjustment of the drogue sleeve of the oil delivery machine in the up, down, left, and right directions.
本发明为解决上述技术问题采用如下技术方案，一种授油机主寻式飞机空中加油辅助装置，其特征在于包括双层授油软管、授油机锥套、三角扰流装置、摄像头装置、控制台和电路控制模块，其中双层授油软管由外层保护套和内层输油管构成，授油机锥套由锥柄固连伞套构成，伞套内侧的锥柄上设有摄像头装置，该锥柄的中部设有轴向授油孔，外层保护套与锥柄外环相连，内层输油管与锥柄中部的授油孔相连，外层保护套与内层输油管之间设有电缆排线，其中电缆排线与设置于锥柄上的摄像头装置和三角扰流装置中的电动推杆相连，所述的三角扰流装置包括三角扰流板和载物台以及设置于三角扰流板与载物台之间的电动推杆，其中电动推杆的上端通过联轴器铰接于三角扰流板的三个角处，电动推杆的底端与载物台相连，电动推杆的电机分别设置于载物台的内部，该载物台嵌套于授油机锥套的锥柄上，所述的控制台上设有显示器、控制开关、控制按钮和设置于控制台内部的电路控制模块，电路控制模块主要由电源电路模块、电路控制模块、电动推杆控制模块和显示电路模块构成，电源电路模块包括电源与电源适配器，电源与电源适配器相连，电源适配器分别与电路控制模块、电动推杆控制模块和显示电路模块相连，电路控制模块包括控制按钮、控制按钮电路、单片机和单片机外围电路，控制按钮与控制按钮电路相连，控制按钮电路与单片机相连，单片机分别与电动推杆控制模块中的电动推杆控制电路和显示电路模块中的摄像头装置电路相连，电动推杆控制模块包括电动推杆控制电路和电动推杆，电动推杆与电动推杆控制电路相连，显示电路模块包括摄像头装置、摄像头装置电路、显示电路和显示器，摄像头装置与摄像头装置电路相连，摄像头装置电路与显示电路相连，显示电路与显示器相连。 In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme, an auxiliary device for aerial refueling of the main-seeking aircraft of the oil delivery machine, which is characterized in that it includes a double-layer oil delivery hose, a cone sleeve of the oil delivery machine, a triangular flow spoiler, and a camera device , console and circuit control module, in which the double-layer oil delivery hose is composed of an outer protective cover and an inner oil delivery pipe, and the taper sleeve of the oil delivery machine is composed of a tapered handle fixedly connected to an umbrella cover, and a camera is installed on the tapered handle inside the umbrella cover The middle part of the tapered shank is equipped with an axial oil delivery hole, the outer protective sleeve is connected with the outer ring of the tapered shank, the inner oil delivery pipe is connected with the oil delivery hole in the middle of the taper shank, and the outer protective cover and the inner oil delivery pipe are provided There is a cable cable, wherein the cable cable is connected with the camera device arranged on the taper handle and the electric push rod in the triangular spoiler, and the triangular spoiler includes a triangular spoiler and a stage The electric push rod between the spoiler and the stage, wherein the upper end of the electric push rod is hinged to the three corners of the triangular spoiler through a coupling, the bottom end of the electric push rod is connected with the stage, and the electric push rod The motors of the rods are arranged inside the stage respectively, and the stage is nested on the taper handle of the taper sleeve of the oil delivery machine. The console is equipped with a display, a control switch, a control button and is arranged inside the console. The circuit control module is mainly composed of a power circuit module, a circuit control module, an electric push rod control module and a display circuit module. The power circuit module includes a power supply and a power adapter, and the power supply is connected to the power adapter. module, the electric push rod control module is connected with the display circuit module, and the circuit control module includes a control button, a control button circuit, a single-chip microcomputer and a peripheral circuit of the single-chip microcomputer. The electric push rod control circuit in the rod control module is connected with the camera device circuit in the display circuit module, the electric push rod control module includes the electric push rod control circuit and the electric push rod, the electric push rod is connected with the electric push rod control circuit, and the display circuit The module includes a camera device, a camera device circuit, a display circuit and a display, the camera device is connected to the camera device circuit, the camera device circuit is connected to the display circuit, and the display circuit is connected to the display.
本发明的工作工程为：在整个空中加油过程中，当授油机锥套与受油机加油管对接时，授油机与受油机保持相对静止，由授油机的操作人员根据安装在授油机锥套上的高清摄像头装置传回到显示器的实时视频调整授油机锥套的位置，通过按下控制台上相应的控制按钮调节安装在载物台上的电动推杆伸缩来改变三角扰流板的受力，三角扰流板带动授油机锥套移动，直到再次达到受力平衡为止，实现受油机加油管与授油机锥套的对接，完成飞机空中加油，加油结束后，授油机锥套与受油机加油管脱离，收回授油机锥套。 The working engineering of the present invention is: during the whole aerial refueling process, when the drogue sleeve of the oil delivery machine is docked with the refueling pipe of the oil receiver, the oil delivery machine and the oil receiver keep relatively static, and the operator of the oil delivery machine is installed according to the The high-definition camera device on the drogue sleeve of the oil feeder sends back the real-time video of the monitor to adjust the position of the drogue sleeve of the oil feeder, which can be changed by pressing the corresponding control button on the console to adjust the extension and contraction of the electric push rod installed on the stage. The force of the triangular spoiler, the triangular spoiler drives the drogue sleeve of the oil delivery machine to move until the force balance is reached again, and the docking of the refueling pipe of the oil receiver machine and the taper sleeve of the oil delivery machine is realized, and the air refueling of the aircraft is completed, and the refueling is over Finally, the drogue sleeve of the oil receiver is separated from the filling pipe of the oil receiver, and the drogue sleeve of the oil receiver is retracted.
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下有益效果：（1）由授油机操作人员控制授油机锥套的位置，通过调节电动推杆的相对位置改变三角扰流板迎角的大小，进而改变授油机锥套的受力从而调整授油机锥套的位置，实现授油机锥套位置的偏移，相比于受油机的操作人员调整飞机的位置更加方便安全；（2）通过授油机操作人员主寻式控制，减少了空中加油的对接时间，降低了对空中加油的飞行要求难度。 Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The operator of the oil delivery machine controls the position of the drogue sleeve of the oil delivery machine, and changes the angle of attack of the triangular spoiler by adjusting the relative position of the electric push rod, and then It is more convenient and safe to adjust the position of the aircraft by changing the force of the drogue sleeve of the oil receiver to adjust the position of the drogue sleeve of the oil receiver, and to realize the offset of the position of the drogue sleeve of the oil receiver; (2) Through the main-seeking control of the operator of the tanker, the docking time of aerial refueling is reduced, and the difficulty of flight requirements for aerial refueling is reduced.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本发明中输油管道连接结构示意图，图2是本发明中锥柄的结构示意图，图3是本发明中控制台的结构示意图，图4是本发明中三角扰流板与电动推杆连接处的结构示意图，图5是本发明中电路控制模块的线路连接图。 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the oil pipeline in the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the taper handle in the present invention, Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the console in the present invention, Fig. 4 is a triangular spoiler and an electric push rod in the present invention The schematic structural diagram of the connection, Fig. 5 is a circuit connection diagram of the circuit control module in the present invention.
图面说明：1、双层授油软管，2、授油机锥套，3、三角扰流装置，4、摄像头装置，5、控制台，6、外层保护套，7、内层输油管，8、锥柄，9、伞套，10、授油孔，11、电动推杆，12、三角扰流板，13、载物台，14、联轴器，15、显示器，16、控制开关，17、控制按钮。 Drawing description: 1. Double-layer oil delivery hose, 2. Taper sleeve of oil delivery machine, 3. Triangular spoiler device, 4. Camera device, 5. Console, 6. Outer protective cover, 7. Inner oil delivery pipe , 8. Taper handle, 9. Umbrella cover, 10. Oil supply hole, 11. Electric push rod, 12. Triangular spoiler, 13. Stage, 14. Coupling, 15. Display, 16. Control switch , 17, control button.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
结合附图详细描述本发明的具体内容。一种授油机主寻式飞机空中加油辅助装置，包括双层授油软管1、授油机锥套2、三角扰流装置3、摄像头装置4、控制台5和电路控制模块，其中双层授油软管1由外层保护套6和内层输油管7构成，授油机锥套2由锥柄8固连伞套9构成，伞套9内侧的锥柄8上设有摄像头装置4，该锥柄8的中部设有轴向授油孔10，所述的外层保护套6与锥柄8外环相连，内层输油管7与锥柄8中部的授油孔10相连，外层保护套6与内层输油管7之间设有电缆排线，其中电缆排线与设置于锥柄8上的摄像头装置4和三角扰流装置3中的电动推杆11相连，所述的三角扰流装置3包括三角扰流板12和载物台13以及设置于三角扰流板12与载物台13之间的电动推杆11，其中电动推杆11的上端通过联轴器14铰接于三角扰流板12的三个角处，电动推杆11的底端与载物台13相连，电动推杆11的电机分别设置于载物台13的内部，该载物台13嵌套于授油机锥套2的锥柄8上，所述的控制台5上设有显示器15、控制开关16、控制按钮17和设置于控制台5内部的电路控制模块，电路控制模块主要由电源电路模块、电路控制模块、电动推杆控制模块和显示电路模块构成，电源电路模块包括电源与电源适配器，电源与电源适配器相连，电源适配器分别与电路控制模块、电动推杆控制模块和显示电路模块相连，电路控制模块包括控制按钮、控制按钮电路、单片机和单片机外围电路，控制按钮与控制按钮电路相连，控制按钮电路与单片机相连，单片机分别与电动推杆控制模块中的电动推杆控制电路和显示电路模块中的摄像头装置电路相连，电动推杆控制模块包括电动推杆控制电路和电动推杆，电动推杆与电动推杆控制电路相连，显示电路模块包括摄像头装置、摄像头装置电路、显示电路和显示器，摄像头装置与摄像头装置电路相连，摄像头装置电路与显示电路相连，显示电路与显示器相连。 The specific content of the present invention will be described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. An auxiliary device for aerial refueling of a main-seeking type aircraft of a refueling machine, comprising a double-layer refueling hose 1, a cone sleeve 2 of a refueling machine, a triangular spoiler 3, a camera device 4, a console 5 and a circuit control module, wherein the two Layer oil delivery hose 1 is composed of outer layer protective cover 6 and inner layer oil delivery pipe 7, and oil delivery machine taper sleeve 2 is composed of tapered handle 8 fixedly connected with umbrella cover 9, and camera device 4 is installed on the tapered handle 8 inside the umbrella cover 9 , the middle part of the taper handle 8 is provided with an axial oil delivery hole 10, the outer protective sleeve 6 is connected with the outer ring of the taper handle 8, the inner oil delivery pipe 7 is connected with the oil delivery hole 10 in the middle part of the taper handle 8, and the outer layer A cable cable is arranged between the protective cover 6 and the inner layer oil delivery pipe 7, wherein the cable cable is connected with the camera device 4 arranged on the taper handle 8 and the electric push rod 11 in the triangular spoiler 3, and the triangular spoiler The flow device 3 includes a triangular spoiler 12 and a stage 13, and an electric push rod 11 arranged between the triangular spoiler 12 and the stage 13, wherein the upper end of the electric push rod 11 is hinged to the triangle through a coupling 14. At the three corners of the spoiler 12, the bottom end of the electric push rod 11 is connected to the stage 13, and the motors of the electric push rod 11 are respectively arranged inside the stage 13, and the stage 13 is nested in the oil supply On the taper handle 8 of machine taper sleeve 2, described console 5 is provided with display 15, control switch 16, control button 17 and is arranged on the circuit control module of console 5 inside, and circuit control module mainly consists of power supply circuit module, The circuit control module, the electric push rod control module and the display circuit module are composed. The power supply circuit module includes a power supply and a power adapter. The power supply is connected to the power adapter. The control module includes a control button, a control button circuit, a single-chip microcomputer and a peripheral circuit of the single-chip microcomputer, the control button is connected with the control button circuit, the control button circuit is connected with the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer is respectively connected with the electric push rod control circuit and the display circuit module in the electric push rod control module The camera device circuit in the camera is connected, the electric push rod control module includes an electric push rod control circuit and an electric push rod, the electric push rod is connected with the electric push rod control circuit, and the display circuit module includes a camera device, a camera device circuit, a display circuit and a display, The camera device is connected with the camera device circuit, the camera device circuit is connected with the display circuit, and the display circuit is connected with the display.
电源电路模块：电源电路模块包括电源和电源适配器，飞机上配有低压稳流电源，低压稳流电源经过电源适配器后转变成5V和24V的电源，5V的电压给电路控制模块和显示电路模块供电，24V的电压给电动推杆控制模块供电。 Power circuit module: The power circuit module includes a power supply and a power adapter. The aircraft is equipped with a low-voltage steady-current power supply. The low-voltage steady-current power supply is transformed into a 5V and 24V power supply after passing through the power adapter. The 5V voltage supplies power to the circuit control module and the display circuit module. , the 24V voltage supplies power to the electric actuator control module.
电路控制模块：在控制台上设有三组控制按钮和一台显示器，每组控制按钮中有两个控制键，控制键可选用4mm*4mm*0.8mm的膜按键开关，按下通电，松手断电，分别与单片机不同的I/O口相连接，每个控制键有两个触角，一个触角与单片机连接，另一端接地。控制键未按下时，单片机I/O口为高电平，按下时相对应的I/O口变为低电平，单片机根据控制按钮的高低电平信号控制电动推杆控制电路，由电动推杆控制电路驱动电动推杆的伸长与缩短，从而改变三角扰流板的受力，实现授油机锥套的位置变化。每组控制按钮相对应控制一个电动推杆，当操作人员按下一次相对应控制按钮时，就会发给单片机一个信号脉冲，单片机就会发送一个信号给电动推杆控制电路，电动推杆控制电路驱动电动推杆。单片机可以选取51系列的单片机，单片机的程序可以用汇编语言或者C语言编写实现。单片机外围电路是外接晶体和电容构成，晶振的频率可选取为12MHz。 Circuit control module: There are three groups of control buttons and a display on the console, each group of control buttons has two control keys, the control keys can be selected with 4mm*4mm*0.8mm membrane key switch, press to power on, let go to break The electricity is connected to different I/O ports of the single-chip microcomputer respectively. Each control key has two antennae, one antennae is connected with the single-chip microcomputer, and the other end is grounded. When the control key is not pressed, the I/O port of the single-chip microcomputer is high level, and the corresponding I/O port becomes low level when pressed, and the single-chip microcomputer controls the electric push rod control circuit according to the high and low level signals of the control button, by The electric push rod control circuit drives the extension and shortening of the electric push rod, thereby changing the force on the triangular spoiler and realizing the position change of the taper sleeve of the oil delivery machine. Each group of control buttons controls an electric push rod correspondingly. When the operator presses the corresponding control button once, a signal pulse will be sent to the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer will send a signal to the electric push rod control circuit. The circuit drives the electric push rod. The single-chip microcomputer can choose 51 series single-chip microcomputers, and the program of the single-chip microcomputers can be written and realized with assembly language or C language. The peripheral circuit of the single-chip microcomputer is composed of an external crystal and a capacitor, and the frequency of the crystal oscillator can be selected as 12MHz.
三角扰流装置由三根电动推杆、一个三角扰流板和一个载物台组成，电动推杆通过联轴器铰接于三角扰流板的三个角处，电动推杆与载物台相连，载物台嵌套于授油机锥套的锥柄上，电动推杆选取为工作电压选取为24V，最大负载在50-60kg范围内、安装尺寸在30-50cm的范围内的DTZ推杆，DTZ推杆在微型电动推杆里使用的是POM材质，噪音小，称重大，其中DTZ的马达和伸缩杆方向是呈垂直状的，采用涡轮蜗杆传动结构的安装方法。三角扰流板和载物台的材料均选取耐高温高压的合金，三角扰流板由腰长为50cm左右的等腰三角形构成。 The triangular spoiler device consists of three electric push rods, a triangular spoiler and a stage. The electric push rods are hinged to the three corners of the triangular spoiler through couplings. The electric push rods are connected to the stage. The stage is nested on the taper handle of the taper sleeve of the oil delivery machine, and the electric push rod is selected as a DTZ push rod with a working voltage of 24V, a maximum load of 50-60kg, and an installation size of 30-50cm. The DTZ actuator uses POM material in the miniature electric actuator, which has low noise and heavy weight. The direction of the motor and telescopic rod of DTZ is vertical, and the installation method of the worm gear transmission structure is adopted. The materials of the triangular spoiler and the stage are selected from alloys resistant to high temperature and high pressure, and the triangular spoiler is composed of an isosceles triangle with a waist length of about 50cm.
摄像头装置是选取小型高清摄像头，摄像头的工作电压为直流5V，按下控制台的任意的控制按钮，由单片机经摄像头装置电路即可打开摄像头，摄像头可经过视频数据经RCA视频线实时传送到控制台的带十字刻度显示器上面。锥柄前端，再由镶嵌工艺使得锥柄与锥柄前端弧形相切合，以免加油时带来不便。 The camera device is a small high-definition camera. The working voltage of the camera is DC 5V. Press any control button on the console, and the camera can be turned on by the single-chip microcomputer through the camera device circuit. above the display with cross scale on the table. The front end of the taper shank is fitted with the arc shape of the front end of the taper shank by the inlay process to avoid inconvenience when refueling.
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理，主要特征和优点，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明的范围。 The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. On the premise of not departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall into the claimed invention. range.
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| CN113002786A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-06-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Air refueling hose with carbon fiber pipe sleeved outside |
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