CN104690076B - A kind of family domestic garbage is processed and resource reutilization device - Google Patents
A kind of family domestic garbage is processed and resource reutilization device Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 127
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 127
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000271566 Aves Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及垃圾处理装置领域，具体是涉及到一种家庭生活垃圾处理及资源再利用装置。The invention relates to the field of garbage treatment devices, in particular to a household garbage treatment and resource reuse device.
背景技术Background technique
我国平均每个家庭每天大约产生1.5千克垃圾，以 2.7亿个家庭计算，则我国一天的家庭生活垃圾有 1.5×270000000 = 405000000 千克，也就是40.5万吨，故家庭生活垃圾是一个巨大污染源，其渗滤液会污染地下水和附近的水源；排出的气体会污染空气；还会引来昆虫、鸟和鼠等；丑陋的外形也影响着一座城市的市容。家庭生活垃圾对环境的影响不容忽视，不合理地处理家庭生活垃圾，势必会造成环境的污染，给地球带来无法扭转的灾难。The average household in our country produces about 1.5 kilograms of garbage per day. Calculated on the basis of 270 million households, the daily domestic garbage in my country is 1.5×270000000 = 405 million kilograms, which is 405,000 tons. Therefore, household garbage is a huge source of pollution. The leachate will pollute the groundwater and nearby water sources; the exhaust gas will pollute the air; it will also attract insects, birds and rats; the ugly appearance also affects the appearance of a city. The impact of household garbage on the environment cannot be ignored. Unreasonable disposal of household garbage will inevitably cause environmental pollution and bring irreversible disasters to the earth.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种家庭生活垃圾处理及资源再利用装置，通过对家庭生活垃圾处理实现了资源再利用，达到减少环境污染和节能的效果。Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a household waste treatment and resource reuse device, which realizes resource reuse through the treatment of household waste, and achieves the effects of reducing environmental pollution and saving energy.
为了解决现有技术问题，本发明采取的技术方案为：In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
一种家庭生活垃圾处理及资源再利用装置，包括从上往下密闭连接的第一层发酵和降解容器、第二层发酵和降解容器及燃烧炉，且三者内部连通，第一层发酵和降解容器上端口设有第一层发酵和降解容器顶盖，内部中间处设有上滚轴；第二层发酵和降解容器上端口设有第二层发酵和降解容器顶盖、底端口第二层发酵和降解容器底盖、第二层发酵和降解容器的内部由上而下设有下滚轴和下渗滤液收集箱，且下渗滤液收集箱通过排液管连通至渗滤液处理器，第二层发酵和降解容器的下方设置燃烧炉，燃烧炉上端口设有燃烧炉顶盖、内部中间处设有通水管，其中通水管两端位于燃烧炉外，燃烧炉下部与沼气管连接，且靠近连接处的沼气管上设有空气入口，上部设有可燃气管，所述可燃气管通过内燃机设备连通到沼气管，下端口设有燃烧炉底盖，燃烧炉底盖下设有灰烬托盘，在第一层发酵和降解容器和第二层发酵和降解容器之间设有上渗滤液收集箱，且上渗滤液收集箱通过至少一根渗滤液回灌管连通第一层发酵和降解容器，用产气收集管一端穿过第一层发酵和降解容器位于第二层发酵和降解容器内，另一端连通产气处理器。A household waste treatment and resource reuse device, including a first-layer fermentation and degradation container, a second-layer fermentation and degradation container, and a combustion furnace that are airtightly connected from top to bottom, and the three are internally connected, the first layer of fermentation and The upper port of the degradation container is provided with the top cover of the first layer of fermentation and degradation container, and an upper roller is provided in the middle of the interior; The bottom cover of the first layer of fermentation and degradation container and the interior of the second layer of fermentation and degradation container are provided with a lower roller and a lower leachate collection box from top to bottom, and the lower leachate collection box is connected to the leachate processor through a drain pipe, The bottom of the second layer of fermentation and degradation container is equipped with a combustion furnace, the upper port of the combustion furnace is provided with a combustion furnace top cover, and the inner middle is provided with a water pipe, wherein the two ends of the water pipe are located outside the combustion furnace, and the lower part of the combustion furnace is connected to the biogas pipe. And the biogas pipe near the connection is provided with an air inlet, the upper part is provided with a combustible gas pipe, and the combustible gas pipe is connected to the biogas pipe through the internal combustion engine equipment, the lower port is provided with a bottom cover of the combustion furnace, and an ashes tray is provided under the bottom cover of the combustion furnace An upper leachate collection box is provided between the first layer of fermentation and degradation container and the second layer of fermentation and degradation container, and the upper leachate collection box is connected to the first layer of fermentation and degradation container through at least one leachate refilling pipe, One end of the gas collection pipe passes through the first layer of fermentation and degradation container and is located in the second layer of fermentation and degradation container, and the other end is connected to the gas generation processor.
作为优选的是，产气收集管穿过第一层发酵和降解容器位于第二层发酵和降解容器内的部分为带孔管。Preferably, the part of the gas collection pipe that passes through the first layer of fermentation and degradation container and is located in the second layer of fermentation and degradation container is a tube with holes.
作为优选的是，上渗滤液收集箱和下渗滤液收集箱顶板均为带孔板，孔径分别为1cm和0.6cm。Preferably, the top plates of the upper leachate collection box and the lower leachate collection box are both plates with holes, and the hole diameters are 1 cm and 0.6 cm, respectively.
作为优选的是，灰烬托盘倾斜20°-30°放置。Preferably, the ashes tray is placed at an inclination of 20°-30°.
作为优选的是，第一层发酵和降解容器顶盖、第二层发酵和降解容器顶盖、第二层发酵和降解容器底盖、燃烧炉顶盖及燃烧炉底盖均为活动阀门。Preferably, the top cover of the first layer of fermentation and degradation container, the top cover of the second layer of fermentation and degradation container, the bottom cover of the second layer of fermentation and degradation container, the top cover of the combustion furnace and the bottom cover of the combustion furnace are movable valves.
作为优选的是，通水管在燃烧炉内迂回弯折呈“W”形。Preferably, the water pipe is bent in a "W" shape in the combustion furnace.
利用上述家庭生活垃圾处理及资源利用装置处理家庭垃圾的方法，包括以下步骤：The method for processing household waste by using the above-mentioned domestic waste treatment and resource utilization device includes the following steps:
步骤1，将家庭生活垃圾放入第一层发酵和降解容器内，进行发酵和降解处理；Step 1, put domestic waste into the first layer of fermentation and degradation container for fermentation and degradation treatment;
步骤2，将第一层发酵和降解容器内的渗滤液回第一层发酵和降解容器，同时转动上滚轴，使渗滤液与家庭生活垃圾混合均匀，加速家庭生活垃圾的发酵和降解；Step 2, return the leachate in the first layer of fermentation and degradation container to the first layer of fermentation and degradation container, and rotate the upper roller at the same time, so that the leachate and household waste can be mixed evenly, and the fermentation and degradation of household waste are accelerated;
步骤3，当第一层发酵和降解容器中家庭生活垃圾容量达到满容的80%时，打开第二层发酵和降解容器顶盖，让家庭生活垃圾自然地坠入第二层发酵和降解容器后关闭第二层发酵和降解容器顶盖，同时转动下滚轴；Step 3: When the household waste capacity in the first layer of fermentation and degradation container reaches 80% of the full capacity, open the top cover of the second layer of fermentation and degradation container, and let the household waste naturally fall into the second layer of fermentation and degradation container Finally, close the second layer of fermentation and degradation container top cover, while rotating the lower roller;
步骤4，收集第一层发酵和降解容器和第二层发酵和降解容器产生的气体进行处理得到沼气；Step 4, collecting the gas produced by the first layer of fermentation and degradation container and the second layer of fermentation and degradation container for processing to obtain biogas;
步骤5，对第二层发酵和降解容器中下渗滤液收集箱的渗滤液净化处理得到干净的水；Step 5, obtaining clean water from the leachate purification treatment of the lower leachate collection tank in the second layer of fermentation and degradation vessel;
步骤6，当第二层发酵和降解容器中家庭生活垃圾容量达到满容的80%时，打开第二层发酵和降解容器底盖和燃烧炉顶盖，让充分发酵和降解完的家庭生活垃圾自然地坠入燃烧炉，利用两层发酵和降解容器处理后的沼气通入燃烧炉并点燃，收集产生可燃气体，且向燃烧炉中的通水管充入凉水得到热水；Step 6: When the capacity of domestic waste in the second-layer fermentation and degradation container reaches 80% of the full capacity, open the bottom cover of the second-layer fermentation and degradation container and the top cover of the combustion furnace to allow the fully fermented and degraded domestic waste to Fall into the combustion furnace naturally, use the biogas processed by the two-layer fermentation and degradation container to pass into the combustion furnace and ignite, collect combustible gas, and fill the water pipe in the combustion furnace with cold water to obtain hot water;
步骤7，利用两层发酵和降解容器产生的沼气和燃烧炉收集的可能气体经过内燃机设备进行发电；Step 7, use the biogas produced by the two-layer fermentation and degradation container and the possible gas collected by the combustion furnace to generate electricity through the internal combustion engine equipment;
步骤8，收集燃烧炉中产生的灰烬可充当化肥使用，或花草的土壤。 Step 8, collecting the ashes produced in the combustion furnace can be used as fertilizer, or soil for flowers and plants .
本发明装置能对日常家庭生活垃圾进行两次发酵和降解处理，将家庭生活垃圾发酵和降解产生的气体进行处理得到沼气，可供用来日常烹饪，且将家庭生活垃圾发酵和降解产生的渗滤液进行处理得到干净的水源，可用来浇花、冲马桶等，最后将家庭生活垃圾发酵和降解完的产物进行干燥燃化处理，燃烧产生的热量可以对自来水进行加热或者用来烹饪，燃烧产生的灰烬可以充当花、草、蔬菜的肥料或土壤，产生的可燃气体和发酵和降解产生的沼气经过内燃机设备处理可以发电，供日常照明使用。通过对家庭生活垃圾处理实现了资源再利用，达到减少环境污染和节能的效果。The device of the invention can carry out two fermentation and degradation treatments on daily domestic garbage, process the gas generated by the fermentation and degradation of household garbage to obtain biogas, which can be used for daily cooking, and leachate produced by fermentation and degradation of household garbage After treatment, clean water can be obtained, which can be used for watering flowers, flushing toilets, etc. Finally, the products of household waste fermentation and degradation are dried and burned, and the heat generated by combustion can be used to heat tap water or be used for cooking. Ashes can be used as fertilizer or soil for flowers, grasses, and vegetables. The combustible gas produced and the biogas produced by fermentation and degradation can be processed by internal combustion engine equipment to generate electricity for daily lighting. Reuse of resources is realized through the treatment of household domestic waste, and the effects of reducing environmental pollution and saving energy are achieved.
有益效果Beneficial effect
与现有的技术相比，其有益的效果在于：一、本装置处理家庭生活垃圾效果好，无污染排放，并资源得到再利用；二、家庭生活垃圾经过两次发酵和降解，发酵和降解充分，可产生较多制造沼气的气体来源；三、本装置中燃烧炉的热源来自对本装置处理后的沼气进行燃烧的能量，无需外界的热源；四、本装置对家庭生活垃圾处理后，得到用于烹饪和发电沼气、浇花和冲马桶的水源及花草可用的灰烬化肥；五、本装置密封，对外界不会产生刺鼻的气味；六、家庭生活垃圾经本装置处理后，资源再利用减少了家庭日常生活对外界能源的需求，为节能减排奉献出一份力量。 Compared with the existing technology, its beneficial effects are as follows: 1. The device has a good effect in processing household garbage, no pollution discharge, and resources are reused; 2. The household garbage undergoes two fermentations and degradation, and the fermentation and degradation sufficient, can produce more gas sources for producing biogas; 3. The heat source of the combustion furnace in this device comes from the energy of burning the biogas treated by this device, and no external heat source is needed; 4. After the device treats household garbage, it can get It is used for cooking and power generation biogas, water source for watering flowers and flushing toilets, and ashes and fertilizers available for flowers and plants; 5. The device is sealed and will not produce pungent smell to the outside world; By reducing the demand for external energy in the daily life of the family, it contributes to energy conservation and emission reduction.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1 为本发明一种家庭生活垃圾处理及资源再利用装置结构示意图，其中，1.第一层发酵和降解容器，2. 第一层发酵和降解容器顶盖，3. 第二层发酵和降解容器，4. 第二层发酵和降解容器顶盖，5. 第二层发酵和降解容器底盖，6. 燃烧炉，7. 燃烧炉顶盖，8.渗滤液回灌管，9. 产气收集管，10. 上滚轴，11. 上渗滤液收集箱，12. 下滚轴，13. 下渗滤液收集箱，14. 通水管，15. 燃烧炉底盖，16. 灰烬托盘，17. 排液管，18. 渗滤液处理器，19. 产气处理器，20. 沼气管，21. 可燃气管，22. 内燃机设备，23. 空气入口。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a household waste treatment and resource reuse device of the present invention, wherein, 1. the first layer of fermentation and degradation container, 2. the top cover of the first layer of fermentation and degradation container, 3. the second layer of fermentation and Degradation container, 4. The top cover of the second layer of fermentation and degradation container, 5. The bottom cover of the second layer of fermentation and degradation container, 6. The combustion furnace, 7. The top cover of the combustion furnace, 8. The leachate return pipe, 9. The production line Gas collection pipe, 10. Upper roller, 11. Upper leachate collection box, 12. Lower roller, 13. Lower leachate collection box, 14. Water pipe, 15. Burner bottom cover, 16. Ash tray, 17 . Drain pipe, 18. Leachate processor, 19. Gas processor, 20. Biogas pipe, 21. Combustible gas pipe, 22. Internal combustion engine equipment, 23. Air inlet.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面的实施例可使本专业技术人员更全面地理解本发明，但不以任何方式限制本发明。The following examples can enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention more fully, but do not limit the present invention in any way.
实施例1Example 1
一种家庭生活垃圾处理及资源再利用装置，包括从上往下密闭焊接的第一层发酵和降解容器 1、第二层发酵和降解容器 3 及燃烧炉 6，且三者内部连通，第一层发酵和降解容器 1 上端口设有活动的第一层发酵和降解容器顶盖2 和内部中间处设有可滚动上滚轴10；第二层发酵和降解容器 3 上端口设有可活动的第二层发酵和降解容器顶盖4、下端口设有可活动的第二层发酵和降解容器底盖 5、第二层发酵和降解容器3的内部由上而下设有可旋转的下滚轴 12 和顶板为带孔（孔径约为0.6cm）的下渗滤液收集箱 13，且下渗滤液收集箱13通过排液管17密闭连通至渗滤液处理器18，第二层发酵和降解容器3的下方设有燃烧炉6，燃烧炉6上端口设有可活动的燃烧炉顶盖7、内部中间处设有通水管14，其中通水管14在燃烧炉6内迂回弯折多次，呈“W”形，增加水在燃烧炉的停留时间，两端位于燃烧炉6外，燃烧炉6下部与沼气管20连接，且靠近连接处的沼气管20上设有空气入口23，上部设有可燃气管21，所述可燃气管21通过内燃机设备22连通到沼气管20，下端口设有可活动的燃烧炉底盖15，燃烧炉底盖15下设有倾斜20-30°的灰烬托盘16，在第一层发酵和降解容器1和第二层发酵和降解容器3之间设有顶板为带孔（孔径约为1.0cm）的上渗滤液收集箱11，且上渗滤液收集箱11通过2根渗滤液回灌管8连通第一层发酵和降解容器1，用产气收集管9一端穿过第一层发酵和降解容器1位于第二层发酵和降解容器3内，且孔径为1cm，其中，另一端连通产气处理器19，其中位于第一层发酵和降解容器1位于第二层发酵和降解容器3的产气收集管9带孔，且孔径为1cm。A household waste treatment and resource recycling device, including a first-layer fermentation and degradation container 1, a second-layer fermentation and degradation container 3 and a combustion furnace 6 that are sealed and welded from top to bottom, and the three are internally connected, the first The upper port of the first layer of fermentation and degradation container 1 is provided with a movable first layer of fermentation and degradation container top cover 2 and the middle of the interior is provided with a rollable upper roller 10; the upper port of the second layer of fermentation and degradation container 3 is provided with a movable The second layer of fermentation and degradation container top cover 4, the lower port is provided with a movable second layer of fermentation and degradation container bottom cover 5, the inside of the second layer of fermentation and degradation container 3 is provided with a rotatable rolling down from top to bottom The shaft 12 and the top plate are the lower leachate collection tank 13 with holes (aperture diameter is about 0.6cm), and the lower leachate collection tank 13 is connected to the leachate processor 18 through the drain pipe 17, and the second layer of fermentation and degradation container 3 is provided with a combustion furnace 6, the upper port of the combustion furnace 6 is provided with a movable combustion furnace top cover 7, and a water pipe 14 is provided in the middle of the interior, wherein the water pipe 14 is bent many times in the combustion furnace 6 to form a "W" shape increases the residence time of water in the combustion furnace. Both ends are located outside the combustion furnace 6. The lower part of the combustion furnace 6 is connected to the biogas pipe 20, and the biogas pipe 20 near the connection is provided with an air inlet 23, and the upper part is provided with a Combustible gas pipe 21, the combustible gas pipe 21 is connected to the biogas pipe 20 through the internal combustion engine equipment 22, the lower port is provided with a movable bottom cover 15 of the combustion furnace, and the bottom cover 15 of the combustion furnace is provided with an ashes tray 16 inclined at 20-30°, Between the first layer of fermentation and degradation container 1 and the second layer of fermentation and degradation container 3, an upper leachate collection box 11 with a perforated top plate (aperture about 1.0 cm) is provided, and the upper leachate collection box 11 passes through 2 The root leachate return pipe 8 is connected to the first layer of fermentation and degradation container 1, and one end of the gas collection pipe 9 passes through the first layer of fermentation and degradation container 1 and is located in the second layer of fermentation and degradation container 3, and the aperture is 1cm. Wherein, the other end communicates with the gas production processor 19, wherein the gas production collection pipe 9 located in the first layer of fermentation and degradation container 1 and located in the second layer of fermentation and degradation container 3 has holes, and the aperture is 1 cm.
实施例2Example 2
一种家庭生活垃圾处理及资源再利用装置，包括从上往下密闭焊接的第一层发酵和降解容器 1、第二层发酵和降解容器 3 及燃烧炉 6，且三者内部连通，第一层发酵和降解容器 1 上端口设有活动的第一层发酵和降解容器顶盖2 和内部中间处设有可滚动上滚轴10；第二层发酵和降解容器 3 上端口设有可活动的第二层发酵和降解容器顶盖4、下端口设有可活动的第二层发酵和降解容器底盖 5、第二层发酵和降解容器3的内部由上而下设有可旋转的下滚轴 12 和顶板为带孔（孔径约为0.3cm）的下渗滤液收集箱 13，且下渗滤液收集箱13通过排液管17密闭连通至渗滤液处理器18，第二层发酵和降解容器3的下方设有燃烧炉6，燃烧炉6上端口设有可活动的燃烧炉顶盖7、内部中间处设有通水管14，其中通水管14两端位于燃烧炉6外，燃烧炉6下部与沼气管20连接，且靠近连接处的沼气管20上设有空气入口23，上部设有可燃气管21，所述可燃气管21通过内燃机设备22连通到沼气管20，下端口设有可活动的燃烧炉底盖15，燃烧炉底盖15下设有倾斜10°-20°的灰烬托盘16，在第一层发酵和降解容器1和第二层发酵和降解容器3之间设有顶板为带孔（孔径约为0.3cm）的上渗滤液收集箱11，且上渗滤液收集箱11通过2根渗滤液回灌管8连通第一层发酵和降解容器1，用产气收集管9一端穿过第一层发酵和降解容器1位于第二层发酵和降解容器3内，且孔径为0.5cm，其中，另一端连通产气处理器19，其中位于第一层发酵和降解容器1位于第二层发酵和降解容器3的产气收集管9带孔，且孔径为1cm。A household waste treatment and resource recycling device, including a first-layer fermentation and degradation container 1, a second-layer fermentation and degradation container 3 and a combustion furnace 6 that are sealed and welded from top to bottom, and the three are internally connected, the first The upper port of the first layer of fermentation and degradation container 1 is provided with a movable first layer of fermentation and degradation container top cover 2 and the middle of the interior is provided with a rollable upper roller 10; the upper port of the second layer of fermentation and degradation container 3 is provided with a movable The second layer of fermentation and degradation container top cover 4, the lower port is provided with a movable second layer of fermentation and degradation container bottom cover 5, the inside of the second layer of fermentation and degradation container 3 is provided with a rotatable rolling down from top to bottom The shaft 12 and the top plate are the lower leachate collection tank 13 with holes (aperture about 0.3 cm), and the lower leachate collection tank 13 is airtightly connected to the leachate processor 18 through the drain pipe 17, and the second layer of fermentation and degradation container The bottom of 3 is provided with a combustion furnace 6, the upper port of the combustion furnace 6 is provided with a movable combustion furnace top cover 7, and the inner middle is provided with a water pipe 14, wherein the two ends of the water pipe 14 are located outside the combustion furnace 6, and the bottom of the combustion furnace 6 It is connected with the biogas pipe 20, and the biogas pipe 20 close to the connection is provided with an air inlet 23, and the upper part is provided with a combustible gas pipe 21, and the combustible gas pipe 21 is connected to the biogas pipe 20 through the internal combustion engine equipment 22, and the lower port is provided with a movable Bottom cover 15 of the combustion furnace, under the bottom cover 15 of the combustion furnace is provided with an ashes tray 16 inclined at 10 ° -20 ° , and a top plate is provided between the first layer of fermentation and degradation container 1 and the second layer of fermentation and degradation container 3 as belt The upper leachate collection box 11 with holes (aperture about 0.3cm), and the upper leachate collection box 11 is connected to the first layer of fermentation and degradation container 1 through two leachate refill pipes 8, and one end of the gas collection pipe 9 is used to penetrate the The first layer of fermentation and degradation container 1 is located in the second layer of fermentation and degradation container 3, and the aperture is 0.5cm, wherein the other end is connected to the gas production processor 19, wherein the first layer of fermentation and degradation container 1 is located in the second layer of fermentation and degradation container 3. The gas collection pipe 9 of the layer fermentation and degradation vessel 3 has holes, and the hole diameter is 1 cm.
实施例3Example 3
一种家庭生活垃圾处理及资源再利用装置，包括从上往下密闭焊接的第一层发酵和降解容器 1、第二层发酵和降解容器 3 及燃烧炉 6，且三者内部连通，第一层发酵和降解容器 1 上端口设有活动的第一层发酵和降解容器顶盖2 和内部中间处设有可滚动上滚轴10；第二层发酵和降解容器 3 上端口设有可活动的第二层发酵和降解容器顶盖4、下端口设有可活动的第二层发酵和降解容器底盖 5、第二层发酵和降解容器3的内部由上而下设有可旋转的下滚轴 12 和顶板为带孔（孔径约为2cm）板的下渗滤液收集箱 13，且下渗滤液收集箱13通过排液管17密闭连通至渗滤液处理器18，第二层发酵和降解容器3的下方设有燃烧炉6，燃烧炉6上端口设有可活动的燃烧炉顶盖7、内部中间处设有通水管14，其中通水管14两端位于燃烧炉6外，燃烧炉6下部与沼气管20连接，且靠近连接处的沼气管20上设有空气入口23，上部设有可燃气管21，所述可燃气管21通过内燃机设备22连通到沼气管20，下端口设有可活动的燃烧炉底盖15，燃烧炉底盖15下设有倾斜30°-40°的灰烬托盘16，在第一层发酵和降解容器1和第二层发酵和降解容器3之间设有顶板为带孔板（孔径约为2cm）的上渗滤液收集箱11，且上渗滤液收集箱11通过2根渗滤液回灌管8连通第一层发酵和降解容器1，用产气收集管9一端穿过第一层发酵和降解容器1位于第二层发酵和降解容器3内，且孔径为0.5cm，其中，另一端连通产气处理器19，其中位于第一层发酵和降解容器1位于第二层发酵和降解容器3的产气收集管9带孔，且孔径为1cm。A household waste treatment and resource recycling device, including a first-layer fermentation and degradation container 1, a second-layer fermentation and degradation container 3 and a combustion furnace 6 that are sealed and welded from top to bottom, and the three are internally connected, the first The upper port of the first layer of fermentation and degradation container 1 is provided with a movable first layer of fermentation and degradation container top cover 2 and the middle of the interior is provided with a rollable upper roller 10; the upper port of the second layer of fermentation and degradation container 3 is provided with a movable The second layer of fermentation and degradation container top cover 4, the lower port is provided with a movable second layer of fermentation and degradation container bottom cover 5, the inside of the second layer of fermentation and degradation container 3 is provided with a rotatable rolling down from top to bottom The shaft 12 and the top plate are the lower leachate collection tank 13 with holes (the hole diameter is about 2 cm), and the lower leachate collection tank 13 is airtightly connected to the leachate processor 18 through the drain pipe 17, and the second layer of fermentation and degradation container The bottom of 3 is provided with a combustion furnace 6, the upper port of the combustion furnace 6 is provided with a movable combustion furnace top cover 7, and the inner middle is provided with a water pipe 14, wherein the two ends of the water pipe 14 are located outside the combustion furnace 6, and the bottom of the combustion furnace 6 It is connected with the biogas pipe 20, and the biogas pipe 20 close to the connection is provided with an air inlet 23, and the upper part is provided with a combustible gas pipe 21, and the combustible gas pipe 21 is connected to the biogas pipe 20 through the internal combustion engine equipment 22, and the lower port is provided with a movable Bottom cover 15 of the combustion furnace, under the bottom cover 15 of the combustion furnace is provided with an ashes tray 16 inclined at 30 ° -40 ° , and a top plate is provided between the first layer of fermentation and degradation container 1 and the second layer of fermentation and degradation container 3. The upper leachate collection box 11 of the orifice plate (aperture diameter is about 2 cm), and the upper leachate collection box 11 is connected to the first layer of fermentation and degradation container 1 through two leachate refill pipes 8, and one end of the gas production collection pipe 9 is used to pass through The first layer of fermentation and degradation container 1 is located in the second layer of fermentation and degradation container 3, and the aperture is 0.5cm, wherein the other end is connected to the gas production processor 19, wherein the first layer of fermentation and degradation container 1 is located in the second layer of fermentation and degradation container 3. The gas collection pipe 9 of the layer fermentation and degradation vessel 3 has holes, and the hole diameter is 1 cm.
对比实施例1、实施例2及实施例3，实施例1装置中的优势为：主体结构第一层发酵和降解容器、第二层发酵和降解容器及燃烧炉三者进行密闭焊接，因密闭处理有利于气体的收集和排放；产气收集管在第一层发酵和降解容器与第二层发酵和降解容器中的部分为带孔（孔径约为1cm）管，因当孔径大于1cm时，气体难于抽出且可能抽出小粒径的垃圾，当孔径小于1cm时，小孔易被垃圾堵塞而不易收集气体；上渗滤液收集箱和下渗滤液收集箱上方顶板均为带孔板，孔径分别为1cm和0.6cm，因其孔径过大，小粒径垃圾易掉入其中，其粒径过小，又易堵塞垃圾，但是上渗滤液收集箱上方顶板带孔板孔径要稍大于下渗滤液收集箱上方顶板带孔板孔径，因第二层发酵和降解容器中的垃圾降解程度比第一层发酵和降解容器的高，也就是说第二层发酵和降解容器中的垃圾粒径会较小些；灰烬托盘倾斜20°-30°放置，因当倾斜角度大于30°时，灰烬容易轻易滑动至灰烬托盘低部而没有充分利用灰烬托盘上部的容量，当倾斜角度小于20°时，灰烬不易滑动，则灰烬将堆积在灰烬托盘的中部，其两段的容量未充分利用；第一层发酵和降解容器顶盖、第二层发酵和降解容器顶盖、第二层发酵和降解容器底盖、燃烧炉顶盖及燃烧炉底盖均为活动阀门，因便于生活垃圾的放入、下放及灰烬的放出。Comparing Example 1, Example 2 and Example 3, the advantage in the device of Example 1 is: the first layer of fermentation and degradation container of the main structure, the second layer of fermentation and degradation container and the combustion furnace are airtightly welded, because the airtight The treatment is conducive to the collection and discharge of gas; the part of the gas production collection pipe in the first layer of fermentation and degradation container and the second layer of fermentation and degradation container is a tube with holes (the aperture is about 1cm), because when the aperture is greater than 1cm, Gas is difficult to extract and small-sized garbage may be extracted. When the pore size is less than 1cm, the small holes are easily blocked by garbage and it is difficult to collect gas; the top plates above the upper leachate collection box and the lower leachate collection box are all with holes. 1cm and 0.6cm, because the pore size is too large, small-sized garbage is easy to fall into it, and its particle size is too small, and it is easy to block the garbage, but the pore size of the top plate with holes on the top of the upper leachate collection box is slightly larger than that of the lower leachate The top plate above the collection box has a hole diameter, because the degree of garbage degradation in the second-layer fermentation and degradation container is higher than that of the first-layer fermentation and degradation container, that is to say, the particle size of the garbage in the second-layer fermentation and degradation container will be smaller. Smaller; the ember tray is placed at an angle of 20 ° -30 ° , because when the inclination angle is greater than 30°, the ashes are easy to slide to the lower part of the ash tray and the capacity of the upper part of the ash tray is not fully utilized; when the inclination angle is less than 20°, the ash If it is not easy to slide, the ash will accumulate in the middle of the ash tray, and the capacity of its two sections is not fully utilized; the top cover of the first layer of fermentation and degradation container, the top cover of the second layer of fermentation and degradation container, the bottom of the second layer of fermentation and degradation container The cover, the top cover of the combustion furnace and the bottom cover of the combustion furnace are all movable valves, which are convenient for putting in, lowering and releasing ashes of domestic garbage.
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