CN104685229B - 木铺板螺钉 - Google Patents

木铺板螺钉 Download PDF

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CN104685229B
CN104685229B CN201380051886.6A CN201380051886A CN104685229B CN 104685229 B CN104685229 B CN 104685229B CN 201380051886 A CN201380051886 A CN 201380051886A CN 104685229 B CN104685229 B CN 104685229B
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planking
thread density
screw
valve
screw according
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CN104685229A (zh
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J·A·皮西亚克
R·L·贝琳达
M·W·马齐亚尔兹
T·A·魏斯
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Han Di Hamann Co
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/0036Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw
    • F16B25/0042Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/001Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed
    • F16B25/0015Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed the material being a soft organic material, e.g. wood or plastic
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/0036Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw
    • F16B25/0042Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw
    • F16B25/0057Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw the screw having distinct axial zones, e.g. multiple axial thread sections with different pitch or thread cross-sections
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/0036Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw
    • F16B25/0042Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw
    • F16B25/0057Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw the screw having distinct axial zones, e.g. multiple axial thread sections with different pitch or thread cross-sections
    • F16B25/0063Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw the screw having distinct axial zones, e.g. multiple axial thread sections with different pitch or thread cross-sections with a non-threaded portion on the shaft of the screw
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/0036Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw
    • F16B25/0042Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw
    • F16B25/0073Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw characterised by its pitch, e.g. a varying pitch
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B35/00Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws
    • F16B35/04Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws with specially-shaped head or shaft in order to fix the bolt on or in an object
    • F16B35/06Specially-shaped heads
    • F16B35/065Specially-shaped heads with self-countersink-cutting means

Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于固定紧密木质材料的螺钉,其具有一头部,该头部特别配置有驱动插槽,以及具有一系列瓣的底侧。所述瓣优选地具有左旋取向并且具有倒角末端。杆部特别配置有上螺纹、中间无螺纹部分以及以半尾尖端终止的下螺纹。在一个实施方式中,所述上螺纹的大径略微小于所述下螺纹的大径。所述上螺纹具有比所述下螺纹更大的螺纹密度。上与下每英寸螺纹的密度比优选地在1.3:1到1.7:1的范围内。所述螺钉特别地配置为辅助木铺板表面附近存在湿润纤维情况下的应用。

Description

木铺板螺钉
技术领域
本公开的发明涉及用于将木质材料紧固到支撑结构中的紧固件。更具体而言,本公开涉及用于固定紧密木质材料的螺钉,例如,铺板(decking)或相似结构的部件。
背景技术
用于构造铺板的材料越来越多地涉及使用更紧密的材料,例如,紧密木材。越来越大的紧密度会对传统铺板螺钉的有效性造成负面的影响。在用于紧固较紧密的木质材料时,适合作用于具有较低密度的复合材料的很多铺板螺钉明显不太有效。将紧固件驱动到非常紧密的材料内的困难性在铺板构造中变成了重大障碍。因此,具有可靠地作用于非常紧密的铺板材料的铺板螺钉是有用的。
发明内容
简言之,用于固定紧密木质材料的螺钉包括一头部,其限定一插槽(socket)并具有一底侧,并且底侧包括在底侧突出的一系列瓣(lobes)。瓣优选地具有倒角或倒圆末端。颈部从所述头部一体地(integrally)延伸,并且围绕中心纵轴对称地成锥形。杆部从所述颈部一体地过渡,并且终止于半尾尖端(half-point tip)。
所述杆部从近端到远端具有:第一螺纹部分,其具有第一螺纹密度和第一大径;第二螺纹部分,其具有第二螺纹密度和第二大径;以及中间无螺纹部分,其位于第一与第二螺纹部分之间。所述第一螺纹密度大于所述第二螺纹密度,并且所述第一大径小于所述第二大径。
所述瓣优选地通过左旋的方式定向,并且具有大致相同的形状。优选地具有5-10个瓣。一个优选的铺板螺钉具有8个瓣。
所述第一螺纹密度与所述第二螺纹密度的比率在1.3:1到1.7:1的范围。所述第二大径超过所述第一大径大约0到0.015英寸的范围。所述第一螺纹密度优选地是12-16TPI,并且所述第二螺纹密度优选地是7-13TPI。在一个优选的实施方式中,所述第一螺纹密度是14TPI,并且所述第二螺纹密度是9TPI。所述插槽具有内六角的几何形状。
附图说明
图1为木铺板螺钉的侧视图;
图2为部分是图示形式的沿着图1的B-B线截取的螺钉的上部的放大剖视图;
图3为部分是图示形式的图1的螺钉从其右侧看过去的侧视图;
图4为图1的螺钉的总的顶部透视图;
图5为图1的螺钉的总的底部透视图;
图6为图1的螺钉的顶部平面图;
图7为图1的螺钉的放大的底部平面图;
图8为部分是图示形式的图1的螺钉上部的放大侧视图;
图9为图1的螺钉上部的放大的总的底部透视图;
图10为部分是图示形式的侧面剖视图,用于进一步图解说明图1的螺钉沿着其线C-C截取的尺寸特征;
图11为木铺板螺钉的另一个实施方式的总的底部透视图;
图12为图11的木铺板螺钉的放大的局部透视图;以及
图13为沿着图12的线13-13截取的放大剖视图。
具体实施方式
参照附图,其中,相同的数字在全文中表示相同的部件,木铺板螺钉总体上由附图标记10表示。公开的螺钉10尤其适合于将紧密木质材料(未显示)固定至子结构(未显示),例如,可以用于构造铺板结构中。
铺板螺钉10的一个优选实施方式由1022碳钢或10B21碳钢制成,并经热处理,并且镀有耐腐蚀镀层,例如,镀锌。这种优选的材料和处理是非限制性的。
铺板螺钉10包括径向加大的头部12和一体延伸的颈部14,所述颈部14从头部延伸并且过渡到一体延伸的杆部16,所述杆部16从近端纵向延伸并且在其远端以特别配置的尖端18终止。协同作用的尖端18、杆部16、颈部14以及头部12的构造提供高效的、利落的并且垂直的驱动而进入各种材料中,包括具有不同密度、水分含量、颗粒图案和/或颗粒取向的木材,材料的纤维块或残余物并不像很多已知的紧固件一样在从动头部12附近延伸。
头部12在中心限定了TTAP-25驱动插槽15的顶部入口。在一个实施方式中,头部12的外直径为0.340英寸(见图10)。插槽15具有穿透深度Sd,该深度优选地大约为0.14英寸并且适合于与TTAP-25螺丝刀(未显示)旋转接合。在这一点上,插槽的凹槽是内六角,并且优选地包括中心酒窝状凹槽。在接合时,螺丝刀和插槽共同配置成尽可能减少摆动。头部12被配置为在接收螺丝刀并且与螺丝刀接合时提供增大的稳定性。在对螺丝刀施加扭矩时,容易驱动螺钉10——甚至驱动到紧密材料内,如用于铺板的硬木。图8示出了头部12的一个优选实施方式的尺寸,其中,h大约为0.090英寸。
如图3中所示,颈部14从头部12的中心底侧开始围绕通过杆部16的中心纵轴A总体上对称地成锥形。在所描述的实施方式中,颈部14具有总体上光滑的外表面,而无螺纹。颈部配置有负或逆倒角,在将头部驱动进入木材内时,通过移除较少的木材,协同地改进已知铺板螺钉的性能。
一系列基本上相同的成角度隔开的压紧瓣20围绕颈部14从头部的底侧中突出。一系列成角度的沟槽基本上形成在瓣20之间。瓣20优选地以倒角半径构成,或者在末端22处倒圆,并且从与颈部14相邻的内侧部分21中非径向地延伸到明确限定的外侧周缘23(图7)。瓣20沿着下末端22轮廓不分明,除了在外侧周缘23处以外。瓣20优选地具有左旋取向,用于传统的右旋驱动螺纹。换言之,在扭转螺钉以固定铺板时,每个瓣20的外侧边缘23位于内侧部分21之后。左旋形成的瓣20向下推动湿润表面木材的较粘的纤维,而非与很多已知的铺板螺钉一样撕裂纤维。较尖锐的外侧边缘23倾向于切开任何周围的纤维材料。优选地,头部12包括大约5-10个均匀隔开的左旋瓣。在图7和图8显示的实施方式中,8个大致相同的瓣20从头部底侧突出,并且以大约0.130英寸的周向均匀距离S隔开。当然,也存在瓣取向相反——右旋——以及瓣数量不同的实施方式。
如图1、3、4以及5中所示,杆部16具有上螺纹部分24,该部分通过无螺纹中间部分28与下螺纹部分26纵向隔开。优选地,上部分24内的螺纹之间的间距比在下螺纹26之间的间距要小(即,上螺纹比下螺纹密集,具有更大的TPI)。优选地,上螺纹大约为每英寸12-16个螺纹(TPI),而下螺纹大约为7-13TPI,上:下TPI比率大约在1.3:1到1.7:1的范围内。更优选地,上螺纹大约为14TPI,具有35°螺纹夹角,而下螺纹大约为9TPI,具有40°螺纹夹角。较密集的上螺纹24特别地被配置为在安装期间帮助向下拉动在铺板木材表面附近的湿润纤维。
参照图2和图3,在如下的表1中给出了对于两种铺板螺钉10的各种近似纵向尺寸:
表1
另外参照图10,上螺纹大径Du大约为0.195英寸,并且下螺纹外径Dl大约为0.205英寸。每个上螺纹的小径du和下螺纹的小径dl为0.128英寸。无螺纹部分的直径D大约为0.147英寸。自然地,还能够具有其它尺寸。
上螺纹大径Du优选地略微小于下螺纹的大径Dl。在一个优选的实施方式中,上螺纹大径Du在下螺纹大径Dl的0.015英寸内(图10)。换言之:0≤Dl-Du≤0.015英寸。
一旦驱动螺钉10,无螺纹中间部分28的纵向位置和长度就适合于伸展跨过两块紧固的材料(例如,铺板木材)之间的剪切面。纵向位置和长度可以根据所使用的材料的厚度改变。
参照图3,下螺纹部分26以设置在螺钉10远端的半尾尖端18终止。半尾尖端18有效地切割进入铺板材料,以帮助提供导向孔。在一个优选的实施方式中,半尾尖端18延伸大约0.150英寸的纵向长度t。
图11-13示出了木铺板螺钉100的另一个实施方式。这个实施方式的很多部件和特征可以被视为与图1-10的螺钉10的相应部件和特征平行。杆部部分116包括通过无螺纹中间部分128而与下螺纹126分开的上螺纹部分124。与螺钉10一样,杆部116从远端纵向延伸,并且在其近端以特别配置的半尾尖端118终止。螺钉100优选地具有物理性质,所述物理性质落入相对于螺钉10描述的相同一般范围内,包括但不限于上和下螺纹部分(124和126)的长度、直径、插槽特征以及总的和相对的TPI。
参照图11-13的放大的底侧头部,可以更好地理解对先前的实施方式的偏离。如图所示,与瓣20(螺钉10)的较陡峭的下末端相比,在头部112的底侧上的瓣120具有相对光滑的更具球根状的几何形状。头部112包括多个非对称(即,光滑的或圆形的)瓣120,在其底侧周围具有较丰满的轮廓。瓣120的更具波形的表面与非对称的倾斜末端的组合已显示相对于已知的螺钉或紧固件提供了重大的改进。在螺钉100内的这系列底侧瓣120还优选地为左旋取向。瓣120的相对光滑的外轮廓与相对尖锐的底侧/外边缘123一起进一步帮助高效地并且利落地切割、捕获并且向下推动湿润表面的较粘以及较薄的纤维,而不会与很多已知的铺板螺钉一样,撕裂或破坏纤维或者将木质颗粒朝外推/劈(wedge)。
对螺钉100施加扭矩,通过切割、捕获以及压住表面木材——甚至是最为纤维性的木质材料,容易将螺钉驱动到铺板材料内,而不会破坏木材。与倾向于“劈入”材料内并分裂材料的已知螺钉不同,一旦驱动,在公开的螺钉(10或100)的头部附近,只有非常少或者没有表面木材残余物延伸。具有尖端118、杆部116、颈部114以及头部112的组合的公开的螺钉100能够提供高效的、利落的并且垂直的驱动而进入各种材料中,包括具有不同密度、水分含量、颗粒图案和/或颗粒取向的木材。
虽然为了说明的目的,给出了优选的实施方式,但是以上描述在本文中不应视为对本发明的限制。因此,在不背离本发明的精神和所要求的覆盖范围的情况下,本领域的技术人员可进行各种改动、调整以及替换。

Claims (20)

1.一种木铺板螺钉,包括:
头部,其限定一插槽,并具有一底侧,并且包括在底侧突出且具有倒角下末端的一系列成角度隔开的压紧瓣,所述瓣以左旋取向从内侧位置非径向地延伸到明确限定的外侧周缘,所述瓣具有形成在瓣之间的一系列沟槽;
颈部,其从所述头部延伸,并且围绕中心纵轴对称地成锥形;以及
杆部,其从所述颈部一体地过渡,并且以半尾尖端终止,所述杆部从近端到远端具有:第一螺纹部分,其具有第一螺纹密度和第一大径;第二螺纹部分,其具有第二螺纹密度和第二大径;以及中间无螺纹部分,其位于所述第一与第二螺纹部分之间,所述第一螺纹密度大于所述第二螺纹密度,并且所述第一大径小于所述第二大径。
2.根据权利要求1所述的木铺板螺钉,其中,所述瓣具有左旋取向。
3.根据权利要求1所述的木铺板螺钉,其中,所述瓣具有大致相同的形状。
4.根据权利要求1所述的木铺板螺钉,其中,存在5-10个瓣。
5.根据权利要求1所述的木铺板螺钉,其中,所述第一螺纹密度与所述第二螺纹密度的比率在1.3:1到1.7:1的范围。
6.根据权利要求1所述的木铺板螺钉,其中,所述第二大径超过所述第一大径大约0.015英寸。
7.根据权利要求1所述的木铺板螺钉,其中,所述第一螺纹密度是12-16TPI,并且所述第二螺纹密度是7-13TPI。
8.根据权利要求1所述的木铺板螺钉,其中,所述第一螺纹密度是14TPI,并且所述第二螺纹密度是9TPI。
9.根据权利要求1所述的木铺板螺钉,其中,所述插槽具有内六角的几何形状。
10.一种木铺板螺钉,包括:
头部,其限定一插槽,并具有一底侧,并且包括在底侧突出并且具有圆形下末端的一系列成角度隔开的压紧瓣,所述瓣以左旋取向从内侧位置非径向地延伸到明确限定的外侧周缘;
颈部,其从所述头部延伸,并且围绕中心纵轴对称地成锥形;以及
杆部,其从所述颈部一体地过渡,并且以半尾尖端终止,所述杆部从近端到远端具有:第一螺纹部分,其具有第一螺纹密度和第一大径;第二螺纹部分,其具有第二螺纹密度和第二大径;以及中间无螺纹部分,其位于所述第一与第二螺纹部分之间,所述第一螺纹密度大于所述第二螺纹密度,并且所述第一大径小于或等于所述第二大径,并且所述第一螺纹密度与所述第二螺纹密度的比率在1.3:1到1.7:1的范围内。
11.根据权利要求10所述的木铺板螺钉,其中,存在5-10个瓣,并且所述瓣具有大致相同的形状。
12.根据权利要求10所述的木铺板螺钉,其中,所述第二大径超过所述第一大径大约0.010英寸。
13.根据权利要求10所述的木铺板螺钉,其中,所述第一螺纹密度是12-16TPI,并且所述第二螺纹密度是7-13TPI。
14.根据权利要求10所述的木铺板螺钉,其中,存在8个瓣。
15.根据权利要求10所述的木铺板螺钉,其中,所述插槽具有内六角的几何形状。
16.一种木铺板螺钉,包括:
头部,其限定一内六角插槽,并具有一底侧,并且包括在底侧突出的且具有倒角下末端的一系列成角度隔开的大致相同的压紧瓣,所述瓣以左旋取向从内侧位置非径向地延伸到明确限定的外侧周缘,所述瓣具有形成在瓣之间的一系列沟槽;
颈部,其从所述头部延伸,并且围绕中心纵轴对称地成锥形;以及
杆部,其从所述颈部一体地过渡,并且以尖端终止,所述杆部从近端到远端具有:第一右旋螺纹部分,其具有第一螺纹密度和第一大径;第二右旋螺纹部分,其具有第二螺纹密度和第二大径;以及中间无螺纹部分,其位于所述第一与第二螺纹部分之间,所述第一螺纹密度大于所述第二螺纹密度,并且所述第一大径小于所述第二大径。
17.根据权利要求16所述的木铺板螺钉,其中,存在8个瓣。
18.根据权利要求16所述的木铺板螺钉,其中,所述第一螺纹密度与所述第二螺纹密度的比率在1.3:1到1.7:1的范围内。
19.根据权利要求16所述的木铺板螺钉,其中,所述第二大径超过所述第一大径大约0.010英寸。
20.根据权利要求16所述的木铺板螺钉,其中,所述第一螺纹密度是12-16TPI,并且所述第二螺纹密度是7-13TPI。
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