CN104681307A - Preparation method of oxygen and nitrogen co-supported activated carbon electrode - Google Patents

Preparation method of oxygen and nitrogen co-supported activated carbon electrode Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104681307A
CN104681307A CN201510121653.XA CN201510121653A CN104681307A CN 104681307 A CN104681307 A CN 104681307A CN 201510121653 A CN201510121653 A CN 201510121653A CN 104681307 A CN104681307 A CN 104681307A
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China
Prior art keywords
nitrogen
oxygen
active carbon
activated carbon
nitrogenous
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CN201510121653.XA
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CN104681307B (en
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金小娟
姚春丽
尚童鑫
任汝全
范福利
张骥
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Beijing Forestry University
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金小娟
姚春丽
尚童鑫
任汝全
范福利
张骥
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/84Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
    • H01G11/86Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22Electrodes
    • H01G11/30Electrodes characterised by their material
    • H01G11/32Carbon-based
    • H01G11/44Raw materials therefor, e.g. resins or coal
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/13Energy storage using capacitors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of an oxygen and nitrogen co-supported activated carbon electrode. Firstly nitrogen-containing activated carbon is prepared from waste nitrogen-containing shaving boards through carbonization and activation technologies, and then an oxygen supported electrode material for a new energy source double electric layer capacitor is further prepared through phosphorous acid modification. The oxygen and nitrogen co-supported activated carbon electrode is prepared by utilizing the characteristic that a urea resin adhesive in the waste shaving boards is rich in nitrogen element (10%), and also fully utilizing the combination of two different heteroatomic functional groups, so that the pseudocapacitance of a capacitor is increased, and the wettability of the electrode material in an electrolyte is improved; moreover, the electric capacity of the capacitor taking the activated carbon as the electrode material is effectively increased, and a new field of the activated carbon on electrode application is developed.

Description

A kind of oxygen, nitrogen are total to the preparation method of supported active carbon resistance rod
Technical field: the preparation method that the present invention relates to a kind of oxygen, the common supported active carbon resistance rod of nitrogen, utilize discarded nitrogenous particieboard first to prepare nitrogenous active carbon by charing, activating process, and obtain oxygen, nitrogen altogether load type active carbon is for the electrode material of new forms of energy one double electric layer capacitor through phosphoric acid modification is oxygen-doped further, it belongs to the technical field of forest products biomass resource chemistry processing.The present invention not only make use of urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive in Waste particleboard and contains the feature of nitrogen element, also take full advantage of the combination of two kinds of different heteroatom functional groups, prepare oxygen, nitrogen supported active carbon electrode material altogether, not only increase the fake capacitance of capacitor, and improve electrode material wettability in the electrolytic solution, and then effectively increase active carbon and do the capacitance that electrode material prepares capacitor, open up the new world of active carbon on application of electrode.
Technical background: double electric layer capacitor is important energy storage device, the advantage in its specific power high (more than 10kW/kg) and life-span long (circulation more than 106 times) makes in the urgent need to developing its application in energy storage, the stand-by power supply of such as electronic equipment, the automobile for hybrid power is powered and solar energy, wind power generation electric storage device etc.But the power-performance of double electric layer capacitor and capacitance are all more much lower than rechargeable battery, therefore their application in high capacitance still have problems.Meanwhile, abundance, have the material with carbon elements such as the active carbon of flourishing pore structure, carbon nano-tube because of cheap, form of diverse (powder, fiber, tubulose, sheet, bulk, aeroge, compound etc.), easily processing, electrochemical properties is stable is current unique business-like electrode material for electric double layer capacitor.Therefore, the chemical property improving activated carbon electrodes is the important channel expanding double electric layer capacitor application.
At present, strengthen the conventional method of double electric layer capacitor capacitance at activated carbon surface introducing hetero-atoms (as: nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulphur, boron), heteroatomic introducing can the polarity of enhanced activity carbon surface, improves the attraction of active carbon to aqueous phase electrolyte solution.In addition, heteroatomic existence can impel the generation of fake capacitance, increase capacitance that can be wider.Such as, publication number is CN102360959A, publication date is disclose one " preparation method of rich N activated carbon electrodes " in the application for a patent for invention on February 22nd, 2012, the method adopts waste fiber plate to do raw material, take KOH as activator, be 3: 1 at alkali charcoal ratio, 800 degree of lower activation, 1 hour obtained rich N active carbon, and relatively improve this rich N active carbon as the capacitance of the double electric layer capacitor of electrode assembling and power-performance.And for example, publication number is CN102826538A, publication date is disclose " a kind of method that polymer modification prepares nitrogen-doped carbon material " in the patent of invention on September 17th, 2012, the method adopts organic compounds containing nitrogen as nitrogen presoma, utilize organic compounds containing nitrogen polymerization reaction take place on the carbonaceous material, form the compound of polymer with nitrogen and carbonaceous material and make the polymer with nitrogen carbonization in compound obtain nitrogen-doped carbon material by heat treatment.But, these single heteroatom functional group load material with carbon elements still can not meet the demand of current high-capacitance electronic equipment, and there is faraday's reaction in activated carbon electrodes in the acting in conjunction of two kinds of different heteroatom functional groups, larger fake capacitance can be excited, improve electrode material wettability in the electrolytic solution, improve hole utilance, therefore different types of heteroatom functional group load type active carbon is used for electrode material becomes development trend.
Summary of the invention: object of the present invention, increase little defect to overcome the single heteroatomic activated carbon electrodes capacitance of load, provide a kind of preparation method being obtained oxygen, the common supported active carbon resistance rod of nitrogen by nitrogenous active carbon through phosphoric acid modification, effectively improve the capacitance of activated carbon electrodes, expand the range of application of absorbent charcoal material as capacitor electrode material further.
Substance of the present invention comprises the following aspects:
1. be raw material with Waste particleboard, in retort, carbonize (with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min from room temperature to 500 DEG C, be incubated 1 hour), after cooling, take out carbonizing production, carry out pulverization process, the sieve of mistake 35-65 day;
2. by the KOH solution of 50%, (solid KOH: carbide=3: 1) is fully flooded to carbide, dip time is 24 hours, the sample resistance furnace evaporating water of having flooded is placed in activation furnace, 1 hour is activated, obtained nitrogenous active carbon study under the state of 750 DEG C of nitrogen protections;
3. the hydrochloric acid of nitrogenous active carbon study 0.1mol/L boils 0.5 hour, then with distilled water to neutral, dries in an oven, obtain nitrogenous active carbon;
4. nitrogenous active carbon uses the phosphoric acid solution modification of 4mol/L further, the nitrogenous active carbon of every 3g soaks 24 hours through 150mL phosphoric acid solution, dry 48 hours at 100 DEG C in an oven with after Filter paper filtering, 0.5 hour is boiled with the sodium hydroxide solution of 0.1mol/L, be washed till neutrality with distilled water again, dry in an oven, obtain oxygen, (performance characterization is the common load type active carbon of nitrogen: nitrogen content: 1.19%, oxygen content: 10.81%, specific area: 1698m 2/ g; Iodine number: 2070mg/g, pore volume: 1.36cm 3/ g, micropore volume: 0.92cm 3/ g);
5. oxygen, nitrogen altogether load type active carbon through the levigate powder being less than 30 μm to particle diameter of agate mortar, above-mentioned active carbon, acetylene black and PTFE (60% emulsion) is taken than 87: 10: 3 by matter, add appropriate absolute ethyl alcohol fully to mix and size mixing, be dried to suitable viscosity suppress and be washed into the disk that diameter is 1cm, hand oil-pressure machine to be overlaid on etc. in large collector nickel foam with 10MPa pressure, to make electrode and vacuum drying is stand-by.Get two plate electrodes that quality is close, barrier film is made with alkaline battery nylon membrane, inject the KOH solution of 7mol/L and make electrolyte, be assembled into C/C symmetric double electric layer analog capacitor, carry out activated carbon electrodes prepared by electrochemical property test and demonstrate good electrochemical capacitor performance.(Electrochemical results: specific capacitance: 279F/g; Efficiency for charge-discharge 98.5%; The conservation rate of the ratio capacitance under 5A: 89.9%, is specially 251F/g, apparently higher than activated carbon electrodes capacitor about the 170F/g of single hetero-atom load.)

Claims (6)

1. the preparation method of an oxygen, nitrogen mutual load activated carbon electrodes, it is characterized in that utilizing the Lauxite in Waste particleboard to obtain nitrogenous activated carbon electrodes as nitrogenous source, and adopt phosphoric acid to carry out oxygen enrichment modification to it, obtain oxygen, nitrogen load type active carbon altogether, assemble double electric layer capacitor simulation electrode with this.
2. method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that by the oxygen of drying, nitrogen altogether supported active carbon powder, acetylene black and 60% PTFE emulsion fully to mix at 87: 10: 3 in mass ratio, size mixing, hand oil-pressure machine to be overlaid on etc. in large collector nickel foam with 10MPa pressure, to make electrode and vacuum drying is stand-by.
3. method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that selecting nitrogenous raw material Waste particleboard directly to prepare nitrogenous active carbon, and cost of material is low and make full use of scrap feed material, realizes the resource of discarded object.
4. the method for claim 1, its feature also comprises the phosphoric acid solution immersion modification that every 3 grams of described rich nitrogen active carbon 150mL concentration are 4mol/L, and modification is at room temperature carried out, mild condition, destroys little to former nitrogenous active carbon.
5., as described in claim 1 or 4, its feature also comprises employing filter paper and filters the described nitrogenous active carbon through phosphoric acid dip process, and dries 48 hours at baking oven at 100 ± 2 DEG C.
6. as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that the oxygen prepared, nitrogen are total to load type active carbon NaOH solution and boil half an hour, then is washed till neutrality with distilled water, and it is stand-by to download oven for drying in 100 ± 2 DEG C.
CN201510121653.XA 2015-03-20 2015-03-20 A kind of preparation method of the common supported active carbon resistance rod of oxygen, nitrogen Expired - Fee Related CN104681307B (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105140051A (en) * 2015-09-29 2015-12-09 北京林业大学 Preparation method for nitrogen and sulfur co-loaded activated carbon electrode
CN105870465A (en) * 2016-05-25 2016-08-17 华南理工大学 Preparation method of auto-doped carbon catalysis material based on activated sludge domestication
CN106024422A (en) * 2016-05-25 2016-10-12 华南理工大学 Method for preparing a capacitive electrode material by using domesticated activated sludge
CN111320173A (en) * 2020-03-06 2020-06-23 浙江省林业科学研究院 Preparation method of modified activated carbon material for capacitor

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102360959A (en) * 2011-09-30 2012-02-22 金小娟 Preparation method of N (nitrogen)-enriched activated carbon electrode
CN103539119A (en) * 2013-10-30 2014-01-29 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 Preparation method of activated carbon for electrochemical energy storage device

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102360959A (en) * 2011-09-30 2012-02-22 金小娟 Preparation method of N (nitrogen)-enriched activated carbon electrode
CN103539119A (en) * 2013-10-30 2014-01-29 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 Preparation method of activated carbon for electrochemical energy storage device

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DENISA HULICOVA-JURCAKOVA等: ""Combined effect of nitrogen- and oxygen-containing functional groups of microporous activated carbon on its electrochemical performance in supercapacitors"", 《ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS》 *
DENISA HULICOVA-JURCAKOVA等: ""Effect of surface phosphorus functionalities of activated carbons containing oxygen and nitrogen on electrochemical capacitance"", 《CARBON》 *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105140051A (en) * 2015-09-29 2015-12-09 北京林业大学 Preparation method for nitrogen and sulfur co-loaded activated carbon electrode
CN105870465A (en) * 2016-05-25 2016-08-17 华南理工大学 Preparation method of auto-doped carbon catalysis material based on activated sludge domestication
CN106024422A (en) * 2016-05-25 2016-10-12 华南理工大学 Method for preparing a capacitive electrode material by using domesticated activated sludge
CN105870465B (en) * 2016-05-25 2019-01-29 华南理工大学 A kind of preparation method of the auto-dope carbon catalysis material based on activated sludge acclimatization
CN111320173A (en) * 2020-03-06 2020-06-23 浙江省林业科学研究院 Preparation method of modified activated carbon material for capacitor
CN111320173B (en) * 2020-03-06 2022-10-11 浙江省林业科学研究院 Preparation method of modified activated carbon material for capacitor

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