CN104675879A - Synchronizer for synchronization unit of transmission, and synchronization unit having such synchronizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a synchronizer (10) for a synchronization unit (12) of a transmission. The synchronizer (10) comprises two annular toothed discs (14) rotatable about a transmission axis (A), wherein each of the toothed discs (14) has inner radical teeth (16) and outer radical teeth (18) and the toothed discs (14) are axially adjacent to each other; and a separate toothed ring (20) having a toothed profile (22) for rotationally coupling with a shift sleeve of the synchronization unit (12) and surrounding the two toothed discs (14), wherein the toothed profile (22) of the toothed ring (20 )for rotationally the toothed discs (14) of the synchronization units (12) is engaged in the outer teeth (18) of the toothed discs (14), and wherein at least one coupler (26) is arranged to form a shape-fit connection with the toothed discs (14) in an axial direction (28), and the two toothed discs (14) are fixed axially adjacent to each other and fixed to the toothed ring (20).

Description

For the lock unit of speed changer synchronous sleeve and there is the lock unit of so synchronous sleeve

The present invention relates to a kind of synchronous sleeve of the lock unit for speed changer and there is the lock unit of so synchronous sleeve.

Generally knownly in the prior art be used in the lock unit of speed changer by synchronous sleeve, wherein, synchronous sleeve generally has for the torsionally radial internal tooth of connection for transmission axle and the radial external tooth for torsionally connecting gear shift clutch collar relative to transmission axis.At this, the usual radial direction of synchronous sleeve is fixedly located on transmission shaft, and on the contrary, gear shift clutch collar can move axially relative to synchronous sleeve.

Current, traditional synchronous sleeve normally sinter parts, it is high cost at manufacture view, and therefore very expensive.In addition, the synchronous sleeve of sintering is built into relatively heavy, and therefore has desirably high weight.

Based on this reason, in WO 2010/049154 A1, propose a kind of synchronous sleeve, there is the one be made up of tinsel, discoidal matrix, thereon molded multiple tooth fan, it alternately in contrary extension in the radial direction, and forms internal tooth and/or the external tooth of synchronous sleeve.Compared to the synchronous sleeve of sintering, realize certain reduction of weight reduction and manufacture cost by sheet metal structure.But this external manufacturing technology aspect, the other functor of moulded teeth fan and synchronous sleeve is suitable high cost and expensive.

Therefore the object of the invention is to, realize a kind of synchronous sleeve, it meets the requirement in durability, bearing capacity and functional safety shape on the one hand, and constructs especially simply in configuration aspects on the other hand, and therefore can advantageously produce by abnormal cost.

According to the present invention, this object is realized by the synchronous sleeve of the lock unit for speed changer, synchronous sleeve have two can around transmission axis rotate, the fluted disc of annular, it has radial internal tooth and radial external tooth respectively and axially adjoins each other, synchronous sleeve also has ring gear separately, this ring gear is used for the flank profil of the gear shift clutch collar torsionally coupling lock unit and surrounds two fluted discs, wherein, flank profil for the ring gear torsionally coupling fluted disc engages in the external tooth of fluted disc, and wherein, at least one coupling is set, itself and two fluted discs form shape in the axial direction and are connected, and fix axially adjacent for two fluted discs and be axially fixed on ring gear.Therefore, synchronous sleeve is built into manifold, and wherein, the single parts of synchronous sleeve can low-down manufacture cost manufacture.Also can be very easy to by least one coupling described and realize interfixing between single parts at an easy rate, wherein, two fluted discs particularly preferably axially interfix by means of only at least one coupling described and are axially fixed on ring gear.

In a mode of execution of synchronous sleeve, ring gear is the tube of distortion.Pipe, particularly steel pipe are industry standard part, and it can obtain with very different diameters and the strength of materials.Such pipe must only cutting to length thus manufacture ring gear, and then distortion or formed profile.But as an alternative, also can imagine, ring gear is manufactured based on punching press, flat metal slip, and wherein, first metal slip forms profile and then link in its end, thus forms ring.

Preferably, two fluted discs and ring gear are metal sheet parts separately.Flat tinsel can cheap obtain, and cost that can be low by simple method as fluted disc or ring gear are processed in punching press and/or mold pressing.

Particularly preferably, two fluted discs are built in the same manner, and are arranged relative to the face Mirror Symmetry perpendicular to transmission axis.Due to fluted disc is implemented as same parts, the manufacture cost for synchronous sleeve can be reduced further.

According to another mode of execution of synchronous sleeve, molded flange on the radial inner edge of annular fluted disc, it extends in the axial direction and has radial internal tooth.In other words, the radial inner edge of annular fluted disc is out of shape squarely, thus builds flange.The axial dimension of internal tooth becomes large thus, and this causes low surface pressure, and causes the low material requirements to fluted disc thus.

In addition, preferably, fluted disc has axially outstanding pressing part between radial internal tooth and radial external tooth, and it forms the favourable axial surface of contact of the shaft joint body (Kupplungskoerper) being used for lock unit.

In addition, each coupling can have axial projections, and it can protrude past the flank profil of ring gear in the axial direction, and engageable enter lock unit synchronizing ring groove in.By which, coupling, not only for two fluted discs are axially adjacent fixing and be axially fixed in ring gear, also limits maximal phase between synchronizing sleeve cylinder and synchronizing ring extraly to rotation when so-called " tumbling " of lock unit.

At this particularly preferably, the radially inner side of projection has synchronizing ring-surface of contact, for centering to synchronizing ring radial direction.

In a preferred implementation of synchronous sleeve, at least one coupling described is parts, particularly plastic components separately.By being manufactured by plastics, also simply and at an easy rate can realize the complex geometric shapes of coupling, and be mated the boundary conditions changed by low cost.Certainly, also it is contemplated that the alternative scheme of coupling as sintered part, but there is the weight of obviously better cost and raising.The sintering coupling higher relative to plastics mode of execution load capacity brings advantage in this article hardly, because also can be received without problems by suitable plastics at the load of the coupling of speed changer emerged in operation.

Especially, each of the coupling separated is disposed between the radial outside of fluted disc and the radially inner side of ring gear, and shape can be connected with fluted disc and ring gear ordinatedly in axis with tangent direction.Thus, fluted disc is fixed by coupling is axially adjacent in a straightforward manner and is axially fixed on ring gear.The additionally bonding or welding of the single parts to synchronous sleeve can be optionally provided, however normally unwanted, manifold synchronous sleeve can be assembled by least cost.

In an alternative mode of execution of synchronous sleeve, at least one coupling described is integrated in ring gear integratedly.Advantageously reduce the number of components of manifold synchronous sleeve thus.But on the other hand, the manufacture for ring gear rises this and slightly raises.

In this mode of execution of synchronous sleeve, ring gear can have opening in the region of coupling, and wherein, molding sweep lug on the limit of opening, with axial restraint fluted disc.Also the simple and cheap assembling of manifold synchronous sleeve is guaranteed thus in this case.But can optionally provide the additionally bonding of single parts or welding, this is normally unwanted.

In addition, the present invention also comprises the lock unit of the speed changer for vehicle, it has manifold synchronous sleeve as above, synchronizing ring and briquetting, synchronizing ring is arranged coaxially with synchronous sleeve, and briquetting extends through the opening in the ring gear of synchronous sleeve and charges in the radial indent of two fluted discs.Respective openings in ring gear and the radial indent in fluted disc such as by simple punching press with minimum cost manufacture, make it possible to hold briquetting without problems in synchronous sleeve.

Preferably, briquetting is bearing in assembling set, and wherein, assembling set rests on the radial outside of ring gear, and adjoins coupling at least in part in radial directions.Under the help of this assembling set, briquetting can be fixed on ring gear in a straightforward manner.

In a mode of execution of lock unit, each coupling of synchronous sleeve has axial projections, its axial direction protrudes past the flank profil of ring gear and engages in the groove of synchronizing ring, and wherein, synchronizing ring rests on the radially inner side of projection.Therefore synchronizing ring is centered by radial direction relative to synchronous sleeve by coupling, makes it possible to give up the additional measures centered for synchronizing ring.In addition preferably, synchronous sleeve and synchronizing ring can rotate with adjoining each other, and wherein, maximal phase is to being rotated through projection and groove size restriction in tangential direction.

With reference to accompanying drawing, in hereafter description related to the preferred embodiment, provide other feature and advantage of the present invention, in accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 be manifold, according to the perspective exploded view of synchronous sleeve of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the perspective view with the synchronous sleeve of the briquetting of multiple loading in the assembled state according to Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the sectional arrangement drawing in the region of the briquetting loaded by the synchronous sleeve according to Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the perspective view without briquetting of the synchronous sleeve according to Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is the perspective view of the ring gear of synchronous sleeve according to Fig. 1 to 4;

Fig. 6 is the perspective view of the fluted disc adjoined each other according to two axis of the synchronous sleeve of Fig. 1 to 4;

Fig. 7 is the perspective view of the coupling of synchronous sleeve according to Fig. 1 to 4;

Fig. 8 is the perspective view according to lock unit of the present invention, has the synchronous sleeve according to Fig. 1 to 4;

Fig. 9 is the sectional arrangement drawing in the region of the briquetting loaded by the lock unit according to Fig. 8;

Figure 10 is the manifold perspective exploded view according to synchronous sleeve of the present invention according to another mode of execution;

Figure 11 is the perspective view with the synchronous sleeve according to Figure 10 of the briquetting of multiple loading in the assembled state;

Figure 12 is the perspective view of the synchronous sleeve according to Figure 11 when not having briquetting;

Figure 13 is the sectional arrangement drawing in the region of the accommodating part for briquetting by the synchronous sleeve according to Figure 12;

Figure 14 is the perspective view of the ring gear of synchronous sleeve according to Figure 10 to 13; And

Figure 15 is the perspective view of the fluted disc adjoined each other according to two axis of the synchronous sleeve of Figure 10 to 13.

Fig. 1 to 4 illustrates the synchronous sleeve 10 of the lock unit 12 for speed changer, synchronous sleeve have two can around transmission axis A rotate, the fluted disc 14 of annular, it has radial internal tooth 16 for being torsionally connected with (unshowned) transmission shaft and radial external tooth 18 respectively, and synchronous sleeve has ring gear 20 separately, it has the flank profil 22 of (unshowned) gear shift clutch collar for torsionally coupling lock unit 12 and surrounds two fluted discs 14, wherein, flank profil 22 for the ring gear 20 torsionally coupling fluted disc 14 engages in the external tooth 18 of fluted disc 14.

In addition, synchronous sleeve 10 has the coupling 26 of three distributions in tangent direction 24, and it builds shape with two fluted discs 14 respectively and is connected on axial direction 28, and two fluted discs 14 are axially adjacent fixing, and axially, be particularly axially fixed on medially on ring gear 20.Certainly, the quantity of coupling 26 can change, and wherein, preferably use multiple coupling 26, it is arranged evenly distributedly in tangent direction 24.

Therefore, synchronous sleeve 10 is built into manifold, and comprises at its mode of execution according to Fig. 1 to 4: according to the ring gear 20, two of Fig. 5 according to the fluted disc 14 of Fig. 6 and three couplings 26 according to Fig. 7.

Two fluted discs 14 of synchronous sleeve 10 and ring gear 20 are built into metal sheet parts separately, and wherein, two fluted discs 14 are coaxially arranged, and axially adjoin each other and mutually lean in the region of its external tooth 18 especially.

In the mode of execution of the synchronous sleeve 10 according to Fig. 1 to 4, coupling 26 is fabricated equally dividually, is built into the plastic components separated according to Fig. 7 especially.When selecting suitable plastics, the coupling 26 also made by plastics at the load of speed changer emerged in operation receives without problems.Principle can be imagined as sintered part coupling 26 obviously can the also obviously more expensive mode of execution of more high load, but not too preferred for cost reason.

The sectional arrangement drawing of the perspective view according to Fig. 2 and 4 and the synchronous sleeve 10 according to Fig. 3 is apparent that, each coupling 26 is disposed between the radial outside of fluted disc 14 and the radially inner side of ring gear 20, and shape is connected with fluted disc 14 and ring gear 20 ordinatedly on axial direction 28 and in tangent direction 24.

In addition, each coupling 26 has at least one axial projections 32, and it protrudes past the flank profil 22 of ring gear 20 on axial direction 28, and engageable enter lock unit 12 synchronizing ring 36 groove 34 in (referring to Fig. 8 and 9).In the present case, each coupling 26 has two contrary axial projections 32, and it protrudes past the flank profil 22 of ring gear 20 on axial direction 28, and engages into respectively in the groove 34 of axially adjacent synchronizing ring 36.

In addition, be apparent that according to Fig. 2 and 9, the radially inner side of each axial projections 32 has synchronizing ring-surface of contact 38, for centering to synchronizing ring 36 radial direction.Coupling 26 is guaranteed thus in a straightforward manner, and synchronizing ring 36 or each synchronizing ring 36 are coaxially in synchronous sleeve.Correspondingly, other measures centered for synchronizing ring can be omitted.

According to Fig. 3 and 6, two fluted discs 14 of synchronous sleeve 10 are fabricated in the same manner, and are arranged relative to the face E Mirror Symmetry perpendicular to transmission axis A.Fluted disc 14 can manufacture same parts thus, obviously reduces the manufacture cost being used for synchronous sleeve 10 thus.Generally, can certainly imagine the modification of mode of execution, wherein, two fluted discs 14 are implemented to identical in geometrical shape, but non-specular surface is arranged symmetrically, or wherein, two fluted discs 14 are implemented to different in geometrical shape.

In addition, in Fig. 3 and 6, volume can be seen well, and difference molded flange 40 on the radial inner edge of annular fluted disc 14, it extends and has radial internal tooth 16 on axial direction 28.In other words, the radial inner edge of each fluted disc 14 is out of shape squarely, thus builds flange 40.The axial dimension of radial internal tooth 16 becomes large by this flange 40, this causes the surface pressure on internal tooth 16 less, and causes the material requirements of fluted disc 14 lower thus.

Especially, according to the ring gear 20 of the synchronous sleeve 10 of Fig. 5 be the tube be out of shape.In this case, cost that can be low especially manufactures ring gear 20, because output tube only axially cut the and tube of generation such as must be provided with briquetting-opening 44 by Pressing Deformation.As an alternative, also can use the pipe cut in advance or pencil (casting) profile, it has had desired flank profil 22.In this case, ring gear 20 also passes through with low cost manufacture, because such pipe or pencil (casting) profile only must be axially cut and be such as provided with briquetting-opening 44 by punching press.In addition, can imagine according to another modification, manufacture ring gear 20 based on flat tinsel, wherein, before the end of metal slip finally combines, there is ring in first stamped metal slip and being then out of shape thus.

Fig. 8 and 9 illustrates the lock unit 12 (without gear shift clutch collar) for the speed changer of vehicle, there is manifold synchronous sleeve 10, two synchronizing ring 36 according to Fig. 1 to 4 and multiple briquetting 42, described synchronizing ring 36 axially adjoins synchronous sleeve 10 respectively and is arranged coaxially with synchronous sleeve 10, described briquetting 42 respectively extends through opening 44 in the ring gear 20 of synchronous sleeve 10 and by the opening 45 in coupling 26, and charges into (also see Fig. 5 and 6) in the radial indent 46 of two fluted discs 14.

Although be provided with three briquettings 42 in the present embodiment, it is clear that the quantity of briquetting 42 can change.But preferably, arrange multiple at the equally distributed briquetting 42 of tangent direction 24, its quantity is identical with the quantity of coupling 26.

Each briquetting 42 of lock unit 12 is supported in assembling set 48, wherein, and adjacent coupling 26 at least in part on the radial outside that assembling set 48 rests on ring gear 20 and in radial direction 50.

The axial projections 32 of each coupling 26 protrudes past the flank profil 22 of ring gear 20 on axial direction 28, and engages into respectively in the groove 34 of synchronizing ring 36, and wherein, synchronizing ring 36 rests on the radially inner side of axial projections 32.Thus, synchronizing ring 36 1 aspect radially centers, and can rotate limitedly relative to synchronous sleeve 10 on the other hand, and wherein, maximal phase is to being rotated through the size of axial projections 32 and the groove 34 in tangent direction 24 limits.

Lock unit 12 is assembled as follows according to Fig. 8 and 9:

Two fluted discs 14 are first provided, and mutual orientation (Fig. 6).Then, coupling 26 on axial direction 50 is placed in the recess 46 of fluted disc 14, wherein, the limit 51 opposite in tangent direction 24 of radial indent 46 engages in the radial groove 52 of coupling 26 respectively, makes two fluted discs 14 be fixed on axial direction 28 ordinatedly by coupling 26 shape and interfix in tangent direction 24.

Then, ring gear 20 is pulled on fluted disc 14 on axial direction 28, and wherein, the flank profil 22 of ring gear 20 is engaged in the external tooth 18 of fluted disc 14, thus produces substantially antitorque connection.

Then coupling 26 is pushed by radially outward, until it rests on (Fig. 4) on the radially inner side of ring gear 20.At this, the radial groove 52 of coupling 26 is pulled to and axially couples convex shoulder 54 place (see Fig. 5), and the limit opposite in tangent direction 24 of its opening 44 respectively in ring gear 20 is given prominence to tangent direction.Be connected by the shape between coupling 26 and ring gear 20, fluted disc 14 is axially fixed on ring gear 20 in a straightforward manner medially.

In order to ensure coupling 26 on the position be axially outwards pushed, synchronizing ring 36 is axially put, and wherein, the axial projections 32 of coupling 26 is engaged in the groove 34 of synchronizing ring 36.Synchronizing ring 36 thus one side radial direction is centered, and prevents the radially inner movement of coupling 26 on the other hand.

Finally, install briquetting 42, wherein, briquetting 42 is bearing in assembling set 48 respectively, and rests on the radial outside of ring gear 20, and adjoins coupling 26 at least in part in radial direction 50.

Assembling is used for the lock unit 12 of the speed changer of vehicle thus.Particularly preferably, two fluted discs 14 are connected axially adjacent fixing by means of only the shape with coupling 26, and are axially particularly axially fixed on medially on ring gear 20, make it possible to omit extra bonding or welding etc.

Figure 10 to 13 illustrates an alternative mode of execution of the synchronous sleeve 10 of the lock unit 12 for speed changer.

At this, in the general configuration aspects of synchronous sleeve 10 with reference to the foregoing description to the mode of execution according to Fig. 1 to 9, and hereinafter only difference is described.

Synchronous sleeve 10 according to Figure 10 to 13 is mainly from the different of the mode of execution according to Fig. 1 to 9, and coupling 26 is integrated in ring gear 20 now integratedly.

But ground as before, each coupling 26 has at least one axial projections 32, and it protrudes past the flank profil 22 of ring gear 20 on axial direction 28, and in the groove 34 of the engageable synchronizing ring 36 to lock unit 12.Be similar to the mode of execution according to Fig. 1 to 9, the radially inner side of each axial projections 32 builds synchronizing ring-surface of contact 38, for centering (see Figure 11 and 12) to synchronizing ring 36 radial direction.

Be different from the mode of execution according to Fig. 1 to 9, according to Figure 13 and 15, fluted disc 14 will have axially outstanding and at the pressing part 56 of tangent direction annular, it forms the favourable axial surface of contact 58 of (unshowned) follower being used for speed changer.

In addition according to Figure 13 and 15 significantly, be similar to the mode of execution according to Fig. 1 to 9, two fluted discs 14 are built in the same manner, and are arranged relative to the face E Mirror Symmetry perpendicular to transmission axis A.Therefore, fluted disc 14 is built into the manufacture cost that same parts significantly reduces manifold synchronous sleeve 10 like this.Certainly, in general also can imagine mode of execution modification in this case, wherein, two fluted discs 14 are fabricated in the same manner in geometrical shape, but non-specular surface is arranged symmetrically, or wherein, fluted disc 14 is differently built in geometrical shape.

According to Figure 14, ring gear 20 has opening 44 in the region of coupling 26, and wherein, and according to the mode of execution of Fig. 1 to 9 differently, molding sweep lug 60 respectively on the limit of opening 44, for axial fixed gear plate 14 medially.

Alternative mode of execution according to the synchronous sleeve 10 of Figure 10 to 13 is assembled as follows:

First two fluted discs 14 are provided and mutual orientation (Figure 15).

Next, ring gear 20 is pulled on fluted disc 14 on axial direction 28, and wherein, the flank profil 22 of ring gear 20 engages in the external tooth 18 of fluted disc 14, thus produces substantially antitorque connection.

Next, bending lug 60 molded on the limit opposite in tangent direction 24 of the opening 44 of ring gear 20 is radially-inwardly out of shape, and makes fluted disc 14 axially adjacent fixing and be axially fixed on (Figure 12) on ring gear 20 medially by the bending lug 60 of coupling 26 or ring gear 20.

As above for what describe according to the mode of execution of Fig. 1 to 9, final briquetting 42 is placed in the opening 44 of ring gear 20 and the radial indent 46 of fluted disc 14, and is fixed on synchronous sleeve by means of assembling set 48.

Certainly, in the synchronous sleeve 10 of Figure 10 to 13, the fluted disc 14 according to Fig. 6 also can be used.Similarly, also fluted disc 14 shown in fig .15 can be used for the synchronous sleeve 10 according to Fig. 1 to 4.

Claims (15)

1., for a synchronous sleeve for the lock unit (12) of speed changer, have:

Two fluted discs (14) that can rotate around transmission axis (A), annular, it has radial internal tooth (16) and radial external tooth (18) respectively, and axially adjoins each other, and

Ring gear (20) separately, it has the flank profil (22) of the gear shift clutch collar for torsionally coupling lock unit (12) and surrounds two fluted discs (14),

Wherein, the flank profil (22) for the ring gear (20) torsionally coupling fluted disc (14) engages in the external tooth (18) of fluted disc (14), and

Wherein, at least one coupling (26) is set, itself and two fluted discs (14) above form shape at axial direction (28) and are connected, and fix axially adjacent for two fluted discs (14) and be fixed on ring gear (20).

2. synchronous sleeve according to claim 1, is characterized in that, ring gear (20) is the tube of distortion.

3. synchronous sleeve according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, two fluted discs (14) and ring gear (20) are metal sheet parts separately.

4. according to synchronous sleeve in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, two fluted discs (14) are built in the same manner, and are arranged relative to face (E) Mirror Symmetry perpendicular to transmission axis (A).

5. according to synchronous sleeve in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, molded flange (40) on the radial inner edge of annular fluted disc (14), it above extends at axial direction (28) and has radial internal tooth (16).

6. according to synchronous sleeve in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, fluted disc (14) has axially outstanding pressing part (56) between radial internal tooth (16) and radial external tooth (18), and it forms the axial surface of contact (58) of the shaft joint body being used for lock unit (12).

7. according to synchronous sleeve in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, each coupling (26) has axial projections (32), it protrudes past the flank profil (22) of ring gear (20) on axial direction (28), and engageable enter lock unit (12) synchronizing ring (36) groove (34) in.

8. synchronous sleeve according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the radially inner side of projection (32) has the synchronizing ring-surface of contact (38) for centering to synchronizing ring (36) radial direction.

9. according to synchronous sleeve in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described at least one coupling (26) is parts, particularly plastic components separately.

10. synchronous sleeve according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, each coupling (26) is disposed between the radial outside of fluted disc (14) and the radially inner side of ring gear (20), and above with the upper shape of tangent direction (24) is connected with fluted disc (14) and ring gear (20) ordinatedly at axial direction (28).

11. synchronous sleeves according to any one of claim 1 to 8, is characterized in that, described at least one coupling (26) is integrated in ring gear (20) integratedly.

12. synchronous sleeves according to claim 11, it is characterized in that, ring gear (20) has opening (44) in the region of coupling (26), wherein, the limit of opening (44) is molded the bending lug (60) for axial restraint fluted disc (14).

13. 1 kinds, for the lock unit of the speed changer of vehicle, have:

According to manifold synchronous sleeve (10) in any one of the preceding claims wherein,

Synchronizing ring (36), it is arranged coaxially with synchronous sleeve (10),

And briquetting (42), it extends through the opening (44) in the ring gear (20) of synchronous sleeve (10), and charges in the radial indent (46) of two fluted discs (14).

14. lock units according to claim 13, it is characterized in that, briquetting (42) is supported in assembling set (48), wherein, assembling set (48) rests on the radial outside of ring gear (20), and adjoins coupling (26) at least in part in radial direction (50).

15. lock units according to claim 13 or 14, it is characterized in that, each coupling (26) of synchronous sleeve (10) has axial projections (32), it protrudes past the flank profil (22) of ring gear (20) on axial direction (28), and engage in the groove (34) of synchronizing ring (36), wherein, synchronizing ring (36) rests on the radially inner side of projection (32).