CN104671361A - Method for removing PPCPs micropollutants in secondary sedimentation tank wastewater - Google Patents
Method for removing PPCPs micropollutants in secondary sedimentation tank wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- CN104671361A CN104671361A CN201510072467.1A CN201510072467A CN104671361A CN 104671361 A CN104671361 A CN 104671361A CN 201510072467 A CN201510072467 A CN 201510072467A CN 104671361 A CN104671361 A CN 104671361A
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- ppcps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for removing the PPCPs micropollutants in secondary sedimentation tank wastewater. The secondary sedimentation tank wastewater is urban sewage processed through the secondary sedimentation tank of a sewage treatment plant. The method comprises the following steps: introducing the mixed gas of O2 and O3 with the O3 volume percent of 5-10% into an ozone contactor with a negative electrode and a positive electrode at the bottom part by using a bottom micropore aeration mode, and introducing a direct current on two ends of the electrode; while introducing the mixed gas, injecting the water body to be processed containing the PPCPs micropollutants into the ozone contactor, wherein the hydraulic retention time is 3-15 min; and then outputting the water body. According to the method, the application of the method in the urban sewage treatment is further protected. Compared with the traditional method, the chemical agent cannot be additionally added and the flocculated precipitation and the secondary pollution cannot be generated; the potential safety hazard does not exist because the extra electric field voltage and the electric current density are low; the method is easy for practical application; the removal rate of the typical hardly-degradable PPCPs micropollutants is more than 90%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water treatment field, particularly a kind of method of going second pond to remove PPCPs class Micropollutants in waste water.
Background technology
Medicine and personal-care supplies (Pharmaceutical and personal care products, PPCPs) be micro quantity organic pollutant emerging in recent years, specifically refer to the general name of the large class pharmaceutical chemicals for purposes such as medical veterinary drug, agriculture production, personal cares, comprising: microbiotic, tranquillizer, anti-epileptic class medicine, the hormone of natural or synthetic, x-ray contrast agent, spices, sterilant, skin care product, sunscreen and various makeup.Extensively exist in the environment, in surface water, underground water, mud, municipal wastewater treatment plant draining, even all can be detected in tap water.PPCPs class material mass concentration is usually very low, complex structure, difficult degradation, and it need to probe into the Environmental Health risk that biological and the mankind exist.
Nearly more than ten years for the report of medicine in water body and personal care articles (PPCPs) and research more and more extensive, in sewage, the removal of PPCPs has become the focus of research both at home and abroad.PPCPs content in water is very low, is only ng/L ~ μ g/L level, even if but so the PPCPs of trace also can cause serious injury to aquatic animals and plants and the mankind.Research shows, in water, the estrogenic chemicals of trace can cause fish sex entanglement, and the material such as fluoxetine, diclofenac in place's enrichments such as fish muscle, liver, brains, can cause biological accumulation effect.
Especially, for the Micropollutants that lower concentration like this is poisonous and hazardous, in water body, huge threat is caused to hydrobiological living environment.And these organism are owing to having lower concentration, high harm and the features such as high stability, effectively can not be removed by traditional common process, as being difficult to biological degradation, the materialization that general municipal sewage plant is traditional and bioremediation are all difficult to it to remove efficiently.Therefore, for the research of this kind of micro quantity organic pollutant minimizing technology of PPCPs by one of focus becoming field of water pollution control.Under the threat constantly increased the weight of, study novel can effectively removing the technique of micro-hardly degraded organic substance in water thus effectively improve drinking-water quality, to the sustainable development of China, just there is extremely important strategic importance.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, in order to solve the problem, provides the method for PPCPs class Micropollutants in a kind of effective removal second pond waste water; Ozone oxidation combines with electrochemical process by the method, and having without the need for the feature such as machine carbon source, redox ability be strong, is a kind of method of efficient process organic micro-pollution material.
The principle that the present invention utilizes is: in DC electric field, the O dissolved in water body
2bottom ozone contact device, carry out electrochemical in-situ produce H
2o
2reaction, reaction equation is: O
2+ 2H
++ 2e
-→ H
2o
2; The H generated
2o
2can with the O that dissolves in solution
3further generation Peroxone reacts, and generates the hydroxyl radical free radical (OH) with strong oxidizing property, thus oxidative degradation PPCPs class Micropollutants.
Specifically, the invention provides a kind of method removing PPCPs class Micropollutants in second pond waste water, described method comprises following operation:
Adopt bottom micro-pore aeration mode, by O
3volume percent is the O of 5 ~ 10%
2and O
3gas mixture passes into the ozone contact device that bottom is provided with yin, yang electrode, and electrode two ends are connected with direct current; While passing into gas mixture, the staying water containing PPCPs class Micropollutants is injected described ozone contact device, hydraulic detention time is 3 ~ 15min, immediately exports water body.
PPCPs class Micropollutants of the present invention comprise clofibric acid, bezafibrate, diclofenac, Ibuprofen BP/EP, gemfibrozil etc.In water body of the present invention, before process or after process, the concentration of PPCPs class Micropollutants measures by any means of the prior art, such as, can be detected the concentration of PPCPs class Micropollutants by Solid-Phase Extraction-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass (SPE-HPLC-MS/MS).
Second pond waste water of the present invention is the municipal effluent after secondary sedimentation tank of sewage treatment work process.Generally, second pond is treated to the end step of sewage work's Treating Municipal Sewage, and described second pond is treated to routine operation when sewage work disposes of sewage.In described staying water, PPCPs class Micropollutants concentration is 0.01ng/L ~ 20mg/L, and total content of organic carbon (TOC) is 0 ~ 15mg/L, and pH value is 7 ~ 9, and specific conductivity is greater than 700 μ S/m.
In described staying water, parameters is preferably: PPCPs class Micropollutants concentration 250 ~ 500 μ g/L, TOC is 3.4 ~ 14.4mg/L, and pH value is 7.9 ~ 8.1, and specific conductivity is 800 ~ 1100 μ S/m.
In DC electric field, the O dissolved in water body
2bottom ozone contact device, carry out electrochemical in-situ reaction produce H
2o
2, therefore, by regulating the current density of electrochemical in-situ reaction, can H be adjusted
2o
2growing amount, and then adjustment water body in H
2o
2concentration and O
3the ratio of concentration.The present invention is directed to characteristic and the indices parameter of pending waste water, gas intake and current density are optimized, make H in water body
2o
2with O
3the ratio of concentration reach zone of reasonableness, thus effectively remove the PPCPs class Micropollutants in described second pond waste water pointedly.Specifically, described O
3the quality that passes into be 8 ~ 25mg/L with the ratio of staying water volume, be preferably 10 ~ 15mg/L, more preferably 12mg/L; At electrode two sections of logical direct currents, cathode terminal current density is 4 ~ 30mA/cm
2, be preferably 6 ~ 10mA/cm
2, more preferably 8mA/cm
2.
In the present invention, O
3intake the existing routine techniques means in this area can be adopted to carry out measuring, monitoring with the ratio of staying water volume, the present invention is not construed as limiting this.As a kind of preferred version, O
3intake can be detected by KI absorption process, concrete steps are: pass into KI solution by with the gas mixture of invention same composition with the intake identical with the present invention, solution colour changes, and treats O
3after being absorbed by KI solution, using Sulfothiorine back titration, there is reverse transformation in solution colour, indirectly can draw O by the amount calculating Sulfothiorine
3intake.
Gas mixture of the present invention can by O
2with O
3directly be mixed to get, also can be prepared from by other method, be preferably prepared from by ozonizer.The concrete steps adopting ozonizer to prepare are: by O
2pass into ozonizer, part O
2be converted into O
3, export gas, i.e. O
3volume percent is the O of 5 ~ 10%
2and O
3gas mixture.
O is blasted in ozone contact device
3and O
2during gas mixture, aeration mode is bottom micro-pore aeration, carries out magnetic agitation simultaneously, and the aeration flow velocity of described micro-pore aeration is 0.01 ~ 10L/min.This aeration mode makes the gas dispersion entering ozone contact device be microbubble, can contact better with the water body in ozone contact device, meanwhile, and the H that bottom produces
2o
2under the carrying secretly of gas to ozone contact device top diffusion, can with O
3react better.
In electrode of the present invention: annode area is 5 ~ 20cm
2, be selected from Pt electrode, Graphite Electrodes, boron-doped diamond electrode, Pt/C electrode, titanium plating ruthenium iridium electrode, titanium plating ruthenium electrode, titanium platinized electrode, titanium base plating iridium electrode, titanium base rhodanizing electrode, titanium base plating iridium dioxide electrode, stainless steel electrode, nickel electrode or the alloy electrode containing two or more transition metal; The described alloy electrode containing two or more transition metal is aluminum alloy anode, titanium alloy electrode, copper alloy electrode or zinc alloy electrode.Described anode is preferably area 6 ~ 10cm
2pt plate electrode.The anode that the present invention adopts can reduce the overpotential of reacting, and is beneficial to O
2precipitation and H
+generation, thus reduce impressed voltage, reduce energy consumption.
In electrode of the present invention: cathode area is 5 ~ 20cm
2, be selected from Graphite Electrodes, glassy carbon electrode, Activated Carbon Fiber Electrodes or gas diffusion electrode; Described gas diffusion electrode is carbon paper/cloth/felt-polytetrafluoroethylene electrode, gac-polytetrafluoroethylene electrode, carbon black-polytetrafluoroethylene electrode, carbon nanotube-polytetrafluoroethylene electrode or Graphene-polytetrafluoroethylene electrode, wherein, carbon paper/cloth/felt-polytetrafluoroethylene electrode is carbon paper-polytetrafluoroethylene electrode or cloth-polytetrafluoroethylene electrode or felt-polytetrafluoroethylene electrode.Described negative electrode is preferably area 6 ~ 10cm
2carbon black-tetrafluoroethylene gas diffusion electrode.The negative electrode that the present invention adopts can make O
2with H
+selective reaction produces H
2o
2, but not H
2o.
The electrode that the present invention adopts can be made by oneself, also directly can buy from market.
The present invention's power supply used that is energized is conventional DC voltage stabilized source.
Hydraulic detention time of the present invention (Hydraulic Retention Time, HRT) refers to the mean residence time of staying water in reactor.In scheme provided by the invention, staying water only needs the very short residence time can realize the efficient removal of PPCPs class Micropollutants in reactor.Specifically, hydraulic detention time is 3 ~ 15min; Consider in conjunction with variant factors such as PPCPs class Micropollutants removal effect, time costs, hydraulic detention time is preferably 5 ~ 10min.
In actual industrial production process, operations of the present invention is carries out continuously.
With remove PPCPs class Micropollutants method in conventional waste water treating processes, as biomembrance process, electrochemical process, add OH scavenging agent, O3 catalytic oxidation etc. and compare, particular advantages of the present invention and beneficial effect as follows: (1) does not need to add chemical agent, significantly reduces processing cost; (2) H
2o
2produced by negative electrode continuous in situ, improve safety performance; (3) H of continuous in situ generation
2o
2can with O
3fully react, improve reaction efficiency; (4) the pH scope processing waste water is wide, without the need to regulating pH; (5) treating processes cleans, and can not produce mud and other secondary pollutions; (6) only need control galvanic current and aeration flow velocity in treating processes, be easy to control; (7) can with other wastewater processing technology couplings, improve processing efficiency.As can be seen here, the present invention is the method for PPCPs class Micropollutants in a kind of efficient removal Drinking w ater, has good development and application prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of various embodiments of the present invention equipment therefor; In figure: 1, ozonizer; 2, gas phase ozone concn detector; 3, ozone gas flow meter; 4, ozone contact device; 5, negative electrode; 6, micro porous aeration head; 7, anode; 8, magnetic stir bar; 9, magnetic stirring apparatus; 10, direct supply; 11, KI ozone quencher.
Fig. 2 is the immediate removal design sketch of PPCPs class Micropollutants in embodiment 1; Wherein, ordinate zou is the ratio exporting PPCPs class Micropollutants concentration in water body and staying water; X-coordinate is hydraulic detention time.
Fig. 3 is the immediate removal design sketch of PPCPs class Micropollutants in embodiment 2; Wherein, ordinate zou is the ratio exporting PPCPs class Micropollutants concentration in water body and staying water; X-coordinate is hydraulic detention time.
Fig. 4 is the immediate removal design sketch of PPCPs class Micropollutants in embodiment 2; Wherein, ordinate zou is the ratio exporting PPCPs class Micropollutants concentration in water body and staying water; X-coordinate is hydraulic detention time.
Embodiment
Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.If do not specialize, the conventional means that technique means used in embodiment is well known to those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1
1, handling object: staying water is the municipal effluent after the A secondary sedimentation tank of sewage treatment work process of Beijing; The initial TOC value 3.4mg/L of water body, initial pH value 7.96, specific conductivity is 818 μ S/m, and the starting point concentration of PPCPs class Micropollutants is as shown in table 1.
Table 1: the concentration of PPCPs class Micropollutants in staying water
Compound | Compound concentration (ug/L) |
Clofibric acid | 390 |
Bezafibrate | 375 |
Diclofenac | 382 |
Ibuprofen BP/EP | 297 |
Gemfibrozil | 343 |
2, device: as shown in Figure 1, its Anodic adopts Pt plate electrode to the device that the present embodiment adopts, and electrode area is 6cm
2, anode buying is from Tianjin Ida Heng Sheng development in science and technology company limited; Negative electrode is self-control carbon black-tetrafluoroethylene (carbon-PTFE) gas diffusion electrode, and electrode area is 10cm
2, wherein carbon black is XC-72 type carbon black, and preparation process is as follows:
I () takes carbon black 1.5g and mixes ultrasonic 10min with 20mL ethanol, after add 2mL60% ptfe emulsion, ultrasonic 15min;
(ii) suspension in (i) is heated, at 80 DEG C, be constantly stirred to paste;
(iii) paste is pressed into the carbon black sheet of 0.5mm, and nickel screen is clipped in the middle, be shaped at 20MPa tableting under pressure;
(iv) electrode that compressing tablet is shaped is put into retort furnace, calcine 1h at 350 DEG C and can obtain carbon black-tetrafluoroethylene gas diffusion electrode.
3, according to following manipulation waste water:
By O
2pass into ozonizer, prepare O
3volume percent is the O of 5 ~ 10%
2and O
3gas mixture, adopt bottom micro-pore aeration mode described gas mixture to be passed into continuously, evenly the ozone contact device that bottom is provided with yin, yang electrode, electrode two ends continue logical direct current; While passing into gas mixture, staying water is injected described ozone contact device continuously, evenly, hydraulic detention time is 0 ~ 15min, immediately exports water body;
Described O
3intake be 12mg/L with the ratio of staying water volume;
Described cathode terminal current density is 8mA/cm
2.
4, the immediate removal effect of PPCPs class Micropollutants as shown in Figure 1.
After testing, when hydraulic detention time is 5min, the degradation rate of PPCPs class Micropollutants reaches more than 95%; When hydraulic detention time is 7min, the degradation rate convergence 100% of PPCPs class Micropollutants.
Embodiment 2
Staying water is the municipal effluent after the B secondary sedimentation tank of sewage treatment work process of Beijing; The initial TOC value 7.5mg/L of water body, initial pH value 8.06, specific conductivity is 818 μ S/m, and the concentration of PPCPs class Micropollutants is as shown in table 2.
Table 2: the concentration of PPCPs class Micropollutants in staying water
Compound | Compound concentration (ug/L) |
Clofibric acid | 405 |
Bezafibrate | 374 |
Diclofenac | 406 |
Ibuprofen BP/EP | 422 |
Gemfibrozil | 388 |
The device that the present embodiment adopts is identical with embodiment 1 with treatment step.
The immediate removal effect of PPCPs class Micropollutants as shown in Figure 2.After testing, when hydraulic detention time is 7min, the degradation rate of PPCPs class Micropollutants all reaches more than 90%; When hydraulic detention time is 10min, the degradation rate convergence 100% of PPCPs class Micropollutants.
Embodiment 3
Staying water is the municipal effluent after the B secondary sedimentation tank of sewage treatment work process of Beijing; The initial TOC value 14.4mg/L of water body, initial pH value 8.0, specific conductivity is 1003 μ S/m, and the concentration of PPCPs class Micropollutants is as shown in table 3.
Table 3: the concentration of PPCPs class Micropollutants in staying water
Compound | Compound concentration (ug/L) |
Clofibric acid | 460 |
Bezafibrate | 405 |
Diclofenac | 380 |
Ibuprofen BP/EP | 390 |
Gemfibrozil | 362 |
The device that the present embodiment adopts is identical with embodiment 1 with treatment step.
The immediate removal effect of PPCPs class Micropollutants as shown in Figure 3.After testing, when hydraulic detention time is 10min, the degradation rate convergence 100% of PPCPs class Micropollutants.
From above result, scheme provided by the invention, can be removed by PPCPs class Micropollutants unmanageable in second pond waste water at short notice, easy and simple to handle, high-efficiency environment friendly, has extremely strong economic worth and social value.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, do not depart from spirit of the present invention and basis make change, modification, substitute, combine, simplify, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (10)
1. remove a method for PPCPs class Micropollutants in second pond waste water, it is characterized in that, described second pond waste water is the municipal effluent after secondary sedimentation tank of sewage treatment work process, and described method comprises following operation:
Adopt bottom micro-pore aeration mode, by O
3volume percent is the O of 5 ~ 10%
2and O
3gas mixture passes into the ozone contact device that bottom is provided with yin, yang electrode, and electrode two ends are connected with direct current; While passing into gas mixture, the staying water containing PPCPs class Micropollutants is injected described ozone contact device, hydraulic detention time is 3 ~ 15min, immediately exports water body;
Described O
3intake be 8 ~ 25mg/L with the ratio of staying water volume;
Described cathode terminal current density is 4 ~ 30mA/cm
2.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described PPCPs class Micropollutants comprise one or more of clofibric acid, bezafibrate, diclofenac, Ibuprofen BP/EP or gemfibrozil.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described staying water: PPCPs class Micropollutants concentration 0.01ng/L ~ 20mg/L, TOC is 0 ~ 15mg/L, and pH value is 7 ~ 9, and specific conductivity is greater than 700 μ S/m.
4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in described staying water: PPCPs class Micropollutants concentration 250 ~ 500 μ g/L, TOC is 3.4 ~ 14.4mg/L, and pH value is 7.9 ~ 8.1, and specific conductivity is 800 ~ 1100 μ S/m.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described gas mixture is prepared from by following methods: by O
2pass into ozonizer, prepare O
3volume percent is the O of 5 ~ 10%
2and O
3gas mixture.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described electrode: annode area is 5 ~ 20cm
2; Anode is selected from Pt electrode, Graphite Electrodes, boron-doped diamond electrode, Pt/C electrode, titanium plating ruthenium iridium electrode, titanium plating ruthenium electrode, titanium platinized electrode, titanium base plating iridium electrode, titanium base rhodanizing electrode, titanium base plating iridium dioxide electrode, stainless steel electrode, nickel electrode or the alloy electrode containing two or more transition metal; The described alloy electrode containing two or more transition metal is aluminum alloy anode, titanium alloy electrode, copper alloy electrode or zinc alloy electrode;
Cathode area is 5 ~ 20cm
2; Negative electrode is selected from Graphite Electrodes, glassy carbon electrode, Activated Carbon Fiber Electrodes or gas diffusion electrode; Described gas diffusion electrode is carbon paper/cloth/felt-polytetrafluoroethylene electrode, gac-polytetrafluoroethylene electrode, carbon black-polytetrafluoroethylene electrode, carbon nanotube-polytetrafluoroethylene electrode or Graphene-polytetrafluoroethylene electrode.
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described anode is area 6 ~ 10cm
2pt plate electrode; Described negative electrode is area 6 ~ 10cm
2carbon black-tetrafluoroethylene gas diffusion electrode.
8. the method according to claim 1 ~ 7 any one, is characterized in that, described method comprises following operation:
By O
2pass into ozonizer, prepare O
3volume percent is the O of 5 ~ 10%
2and O
3gas mixture, adopt bottom micro-pore aeration mode described gas mixture to be passed into continuously, evenly the ozone contact device that bottom is provided with yin, yang electrode, electrode two ends continue logical direct current; While passing into gas mixture, the staying water containing PPCPs class Micropollutants is injected described ozone contact device continuously, evenly, hydraulic detention time is 3 ~ 15min, immediately exports water body;
Described O
3intake be 8 ~ 25mg/L with the ratio of staying water volume;
Described anode is area 6 ~ 10cm
2pt plate electrode; Described negative electrode is area 6 ~ 10cm
2carbon black-tetrafluoroethylene gas diffusion electrode; Cathode terminal current density is 4 ~ 30mA/cm
2.
9. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described method comprises following operation:
By O
2pass into ozonizer, prepare O
3volume percent is the O of 5 ~ 10%
2and O
3gas mixture, adopt bottom micro-pore aeration mode described gas mixture to be passed into continuously, evenly the ozone contact device that bottom is provided with yin, yang electrode, electrode two ends continue logical direct current; While passing into gas mixture, the staying water containing PPCPs class Micropollutants is injected described ozone contact device continuously, evenly, hydraulic detention time is 5 ~ 10min, immediately exports water body;
Described O
3intake be 10 ~ 15mg/L with the ratio of staying water volume;
Described anode is area 6 ~ 10cm
2pt plate electrode; Described negative electrode is area 6 ~ 10cm
2carbon black-tetrafluoroethylene gas diffusion electrode; Described cathode terminal current density is 6 ~ 10mA/cm
2.
10. the application of method in municipal sewage treatment described in claim 1 ~ 9 any one.
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PCT/CN2016/073749 WO2016127942A1 (en) | 2015-02-11 | 2016-02-14 | Method for removing ppcps micropollutants from secondary settling tank wastewater |
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