CN104670521B - Transport aircraft inlet splash testing method - Google Patents
Transport aircraft inlet splash testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104670521B CN104670521B CN201310643675.3A CN201310643675A CN104670521B CN 104670521 B CN104670521 B CN 104670521B CN 201310643675 A CN201310643675 A CN 201310643675A CN 104670521 B CN104670521 B CN 104670521B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a transport aircraft inlet splash testing method for transport aircraft splash testing. According to the method, before a splash test, configuration of a test aircraft for test flight, various running statues of an engine and test aircraft glide speed point required by testing are determined according to the type of the test aircraft; materials and position of a test pool in a runway, coloring position of an aircraft body and selection of coloring materials, a video-recording method, test aircraft glide modes meeting the testing requirements and the like are determined; tests are performed one by one according to the test aircraft glide speed required by testing. The method has the advantages that splash testing is performed according to the airworthiness regulation for test aircraft, by studying, the configuration state of the test aircraft during splash testing, a building method of the test pool, coloring of the test aircraft for judging test results, a test video-recording technique, acquisition of test key data, final identification modes of data and the like are determined, and a standard set of methods and programs for transport aircraft splash testing is formed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is used for airplane in transportation category water spray suppression test it is adaptable to civil aircraft is according to CCAR the 25th
" aviation gas turbine certification flight test will according to gjb243 for airplane in transportation category airworthiness standard or military transport class aircraft
Ask " water spray suppression test that carries out, the design typification of the clause airworthiness compliance for civil aircraft or military aircraft provides foundation, its
The water spray suppression test of his type airplane can also refer to this method to be carried out.
Background technology
Airplane in transportation category water spray suppression test is the weight that civil aircraft must carry out and get the Green Light during carrying out Airworthiness Certification
One of test.The civilian airplane in transportation category runed both at home and abroad at present, all completes during certification substantially
Water spray suppression test, and by the approval of aiMonhiness authority, the such as learjet 45 of external early stage, fokker100 aircraft and current
The airliners such as airbus a380, boeing747.Many military transport class aircrafts are during type design sizing also referring to the people
Require to have carried out water spray suppression test, the a400m military transport of such as Air Passenger military aircraft company with the seaworthiness clause of airplane in transportation category
Machine.External aircraft industry, through century-old development, have accumulated sturdy basic test technology, and seaworthiness is authorized through Multiple Type aircraft
Seaworthiness authorization is taken a flight test or design typification is taken a flight test, and particularly has relatively clear and definite test requirements document to airplane in transportation category water spray suppression test
With strict successful criterion, if US Federal Aviation Administration faa and European aviation office easa has all formulated the seaworthiness of correlation
Regulations and clause.China just started really to start independent development airplane in transportation category from last century Mo, therefore in test procedure method
Taking a flight test with seaworthiness authorization, aspect is just at the early-stage, and airplane in transportation category airworthiness regulation is referring especially to the 25th of US Federal Aviation Administration
Formulate, referred to as ccar-25.Therefore, the airplane in transportation category of China will enter European ＆ American Market or with faa or easa seaworthiness
Standard is the other countries of foundation, and the airplane in transportation category seaworthiness authorization that China voluntarily develops or design typification are also required to pass through
The requirement of faa or easa airworthiness regulation standard.
Although airplane in transportation category water spray suppression test refers in the ccar-25 of faa, easa and China, it is only limitted to seaworthiness
Clause and requirement, there is presently no the documents and materials inquiring about go abroad specific implementation and technical scheme, are even more in China
Blank, does not therefore have can to follow according to the technical data of execution and test procedure.Clause 25.1091 according to ccar-25-r4
(d) (2): " aircraft must be designed to prevent the water of dangerous amount or snow-broth on runway, taxiway or airport other work-yard straight
Tap into the air intake duct into engine or auxiliary power unit, and the position of air intake duct or protection must make it take off, land
It is minimized with the degree sucking exotic in taxiing procedures.", clause 25.1323 (h) is for the requirement of air speed instruction system:
" each air speed indicates that the arrangement of system must prevent from invading and failure or generation due to moisture, dust or other debris as far as possible
Gross error；" and clause 25.1325 (b) for aircraft static pressure system baroport design design and position must make static pressure
The performance of system be bullied rheology or affect minimum requirement by moisture or other exotic it is necessary to by water spray suppression test Lai
Carry out the checking of clause accordance.Carry out airplane in transportation category water spray suppression test, need to solve following problem:
A) determination of trystate, the flight test vehicle including flight test vehicle configuration, engine configuration state, test requirements document is slided
Row speed interval；
B) configuration states, the sliding speed interval determination test airport according to test requirements document；
C) condition according to flight test vehicle structure, dabble time and depth of water requirement and test airport, builds aquifer zones
To simulate puddled runway；
D) sliding race is quick after terminating determines and identification test aircraft splash area and degree；
E) obtain video, the image admission technology that process of the test dabbles, with the situation that dabbles of the whole process of the test of interpretation；
F) accurately obtain the sliding speed that flight test vehicle entered, left experimental tank；
G) examination is determined according to the flight test vehicle sliding speed of the flight test vehicle configuration tested, engine condition, test requirements document
Test program and the sliding race mode of method, flight test vehicle；
H) determination methods of result of the test.
Only solve above several key issue, just can technically meet the requirement that test is carried out, technically have
The method that oriented office side is demonstrated, water spray suppression test just can be carried out, and just can obtain aiMonhiness authority or examination side to test number
Accreditation according to validity.
Content of the invention
Goal of the invention
Requirement according to flight test vehicle airworthiness regulation carries out water spray suppression test, by having determined water spray suppression test process pilot scale
Test the configuration states of aircraft, experimental tank building method, can interpolate that the flight test vehicle of result of the test is tinted, tested video shoot
Technology, the acquisition methods of test critical data, and the last interpretation mode of data etc., form standard set airplane in transportation category
The methods and procedures of water spray suppression test.
Technical scheme
Before water spray suppression test, first have to determine flight test vehicle configuration, the various works of engine taken a flight test according to corresponding type
Make the flight test vehicle sliding speed point of state, test requirements document, determine experimental tank on runway builds material, position, and body applies
The position of color and material selection, video shoot method and meet sliding race mode of flight test vehicle of test requirements document etc., then basis
The flight test vehicle sliding speed of test requirements document is gradually tested.
The concrete test procedure of water spray suppression test is as follows:
Step 1 tests the preparatory stage
1.1 flight test vehicle configurations determine step by step
According to the seaworthiness clause of water spray suppression test and flight test vehicle manufacture claim it may be determined that the test weight of flight test vehicle
W, position of centre of gravity, the flight test vehicle sliding speed of test requirements document is interval to be 0 kilometer/hour～vr,vrRising for this type flight test vehicle
Fly lift front-wheel sliding speed, the flap configuration of flight test vehicle is take off screens and landing screens, and engine condition is takeoff condition
Or landing state, determines the confession of the engine that can affect result of the test according to the configuration that this type flight test vehicle can be sent simultaneously
Electricity, bleed, igniter configuration states, the state of thrust reverser under landing configuration, before test, flight test vehicle to be carried out with weight
Amount, center of gravity allotment, meet test requirements document；.
The length and width of 1.2 determination experimental tanks step by step
The time that dabbles requiring various configuration during dabbling is not less than 1 second, for meeting all sliding speeds of test,
Length l of experimental tankcNot less than vr* 1 second, according to the landing gear structure of flight test vehicle, the width l of experimental tankkNot less than examination
The main landing gear tire outer end testing aircraft is apart from ll, consider the take-off deviation △ l of flight test vehicle simultaneouslyk, experimental tank width lk≥
ll+△lk；
1.3 experimental tank positions and building mode step by step
According to flight test vehicle sliding speed, the engine condition of test requirements document, test is calculated by flight test vehicle performance
Aircraft accelerates to the head l needed for flight test vehicle sliding speed of test requirements document under test configuration statesjias, for meeting test
The sliding speed of aircraft and engine condition require, and the length apart from runway one end for the experimental tank is not less than ljias, experimental tank
It is located at the l apart from the above-mentioned termination of runwayjias～ljias+lcPlace.Meanwhile, winged for test according to raising with temperature during test with the wind
The impact of machine acceleration distance is suitably revised to experimental tank position；The dykes and dams material of experimental tank be have elasticity, toughness,
Can material composition on runway for the strong bond it is ensured that will not to aircraft slide and pilot guidance impacts, and can
Prevent the leakage of water；
If this section of runway pavement has the gradient, adopt grating type layout, the size of grid calculates according to the runway gradient,
In each lattice, the depth of water of 90% area above reaches seaworthiness clause and requires depth；
The construction of experimental tank before test, is completed in pilot region；
1.4 flight test vehicles are tinted step by step
Determine position of tinting, material, color；Position of tinting may include flight test vehicle pitot position, flight test vehicle air inlet
Temperature sensor region within road lip circumference, air intake duct, flight test vehicle wing flap front edge area, the air inlet mouth region of environmental control system
Domain, possible affected cargo door, luggage compartment door region, apu air inlet port regions, different according to the structure of flight test vehicle, tint
Position can increase and decrease on demand；Material of tinting is non-corrosiveness, meet water after vestige substantially it is easy to the water-soluble liquid of cleaning；
1.5 photography and vedio recording step by step
The object being shot according to the position in water spray suppression test pond, the configuration of flight test vehicle, video camera and purpose, arrangement is corresponding
Video camera；Wherein the 1st, the 3rd video camera is located at the both sides of experimental tank respectively, using wide angle cameras, shoots from test water
Pond entrance is to all images of outlet；2nd and the 4th video camera is located at experimental tank port of export side respectively, using focal length shooting
Machine, shoots the process video that entirely dabbles；5th video camera is arranged in main cabin, positioned at after the side window of engine inlet, claps
Take the photograph inlet lip to dabble video；
The shooting frame number of each video camera is not less than 24 frames/second, based on the restriction of the effect, safety and condition shooting, shooting
The position of machine can suitably adjust, and is obtained in that judgement dabbles under conditions of situation in the 1st, the 2nd, the 3rd, No. 4 video camera, optional
Select installation the 6th position for video camera in runway other end, using focal length high-definition camera, dabbling that shooting flight test vehicle heads on regards
Frequently；7th video camera may be selected be arranged on helicopter, take a crane shot in the air the process that entirely dabbles in the sliding front side of running of flight test vehicle, peace
Fill the 7th video camera helicopter can equidirectional motion in front of the side of testing machine overhead, as far as possible keep and flight test vehicle same
Sliding speed；
Before test, complete installation and the debugging of video camera；
1.6 flight test vehicles enter and leave the sliding speed of experimental tank and determine method step by step
On the direction of runway, experimental tank entrance arranges the first digital high-speed on extended line while with outlet
Photography a and the second digital high-speed video camera b, record flight test vehicle enters and leaves the time of experimental tank.Digital high-speed is photographed
, all using gps time service, time synchronized, in airborne testing extracting data the first digital high-speed video camera for machine and Airborne Testing System
A, the time of the second digital high-speed video camera b record correspond to sliding speed value；
1.7 meet the fixed point constant speed cunning race method of sliding speed, engine condition step by step
1.7.1 determining flight test vehicle sliding speed
The flight test vehicle sliding speed that step 2 tests test requirements document first is chosen for vno.1=vr/ 2 values, if
Incongruent result of the test occurs under the sliding speed of vno.1, then reduces sliding speed and carry out, until result of the test is thought in test
Meet and require, and take this sliding speed to be vno.1, then according to this process, the sliding speed being stepped up flight test vehicle is carried out
Test, sliding speed is followed successively by vno.2, vno.3 until vr, two absolute value≤20 closing on sliding speed difference of flight test vehicle
Kilometer/hour；
2.1.1 determine that flight test vehicle plays sliding point distance
According to test sliding speed vno.1, vno.2, vno.3 ..., vr, design and provide theoretical condition calculating not
When synthermal under the flight test vehicle configuration of test requirements document, engine condition the acceleration distance l1 of flight test vehicle, l2 ..., lr；
Then select two or three sliding speeds and be simulated sliding race test, determine the flight test vehicle structure of this type flight test vehicle test requirements document
Under type, engine condition, the bias △ l that when accelerating to this sliding speed, the gentle wind speed in field affects on ground run distance,
During landing configuration, engine maximum rating accelerate, the flight test vehicle sliding speed more than test requirements document certain
Engine condition needed for test for the transmitting-receiving motivation under sliding speed, aircraft carries out deceleration, treats engine condition and slide
When speed reaches the sliding speed of test requirements document, this distance as flight test vehicle landing state plays sliding point apart from lz.
Flight test vehicle accelerate sliding run section mark successively to the direction leaving experimental tank entrance each sliding point l1 that respectively dabble,
L2 ..., corresponding slip 1 of lr, lz, rise slip 2 ..., rise slip vr, rise slip lz；
During test, wind speed according to test site and field Wen Qi slip l1, l2 ..., lr, lz increase or reduce △ l.
Step 3 experimental stage
It is possible to be tested after every preparation puts in place.Test procedure is as follows:
The wind speed vwind of 3.1 record test sites, wind direction dwind, field temperature t0 step by step；
3.2 pairs of experimental tank water fillings measuring it is ensured that the depth of water of experimental tank area 90% is not less than seaworthiness bar step by step
The depth of water of money requires；
3.3 engineerings carry out front inspection of navigating to flight test vehicle step by step, confirm that each system is normal；
The 3.4 pairs of flight test vehicles are tinted according to the positions of tinting of step by step 1.4 determinations step by step, according to certain suitable
Taking pictures in sequence, shooting angle flight test vehicle is tinted position, and carries out mark, confirms the position shape of tinting before water spray suppression test
State；
3.5 flight test vehicles have slided into slip 1 step by step, stop and stop.Setting flight test vehicle wing flap is the screens of test requirements document,
Engine test state, releasing of brake flight test vehicle accelerates sliding race, with sliding speed vno.1 by experimental tank；Using substep
Each video camera described in rapid 1.5 and step by step the digital high-speed video camera journey record described in 1.6 dabble image；
Pilot, the working condition of each system of engineering staff's monitoring test aircraft of taking a flight test in 3.6 processs of the test step by step, such as
System operation irregularity in fruit, stops test, proceeds the test of this sliding speed point, if fault is not after pending fault exclusion
Can discharge or this fault has influence on flight safety, then termination test；
3.7 flight test vehicles leave normal interruption after experimental tank step by step, slide back to aircraft gate, stop；
3.8 flight test vehicle is shot with step by step 2.4 order, shooting angle tint the photo at position step by step, mark；
Whether each system of 3.9 engineering checkout facility aircrafts is normal step by step；
If 3.10 2.9 checked normally step by step step by step, carry out sliding speed according to step by step 2.1～step by step 2.9
The test of vno.2；If 2.9 checkout facility airframes damage or find fault step by step, exclude or do not affect to test
Result and safety, proceed to test, otherwise, termination test；
After 3.11 all testing sites are terminated step by step, the photo of tinting before and after test, video, engine operating parameter, number
Word high-speed camera record enter and leave the experimental tank time as analysis result of the test data information.By analysis,
Determine air intake duct flooded condition under different sliding speeds for this type flight test vehicle, the most serious critical sliding speed of water inlet or
The critical sliding speed of person is interval；Determine airspeed system in process of the test indicate whether fluctuate, the pitot-static pressure of static-pressure system
Pipeline water accumulator whether there is ponding.
3.12 about the critical sliding speeds of step by step 2.11 determinations or critical sliding speed is interval reduces step by step
Sliding speed is spaced apart 10 kilometers/hour, even 5 kilometers/hour, repeats to test according to step by step 2.1～step by step 2.11, directly
To dabble situation and corresponding critical sliding speed or the critical sliding speed interval that may determine that most serious.
Technique effect
The present invention accurately can easily determine the critical sliding speed that dabbles of flight test vehicle, identifies dabble position and journey
Degree, meets the requirement to water spray suppression test for the seaworthiness clause, forms the methods and procedures of airplane in transportation category water spray suppression test.Obtain takes a flight test
Data information can interpolate that and verify airplane in transportation category water spray suppression test result and the accordance of clause, for obtain type certificate or
Person obtains and sets the enough foundations of taking a flight test of sizing offer.
The invention has the advantage that
A) formulated complete set, have practical operability the method for airplane in transportation category water spray suppression test and journey
Sequence；
B) determine experimental tank builds requirement and method, material requirements；
C) determine the coloring method of flight test vehicle, can easily identify dabble position and degree；
D) video camera requirement, the method for arranging of video camera, the technique for taking of image are determined；
E) the sliding speed difficulty that flight test vehicle entered, left experimental tank is indirectly obtained by image processing techniques；
The sliding race method of the fixed point constant speed f) determining, solves certain experimental tank position, certain test requirements document is sent out
A difficult problem for the sliding speed of test requirements document is obtained under motivational state, the aircraft configuration state of certain test requirements document；Decrease examination
Test number of times, shorten test and account for field time, improve efficiency；The operation simultaneously reducing in pilot's process of the test requires, and carries
The high security of test；
G) the method can intuitively demonstrate the result of water spray suppression test, the data being obtained by test method, image and regard
Frequency data, can the result that dabbles of intuitive judgment air intake duct, the accordance of checking test aircraft and seaworthiness clause；
H) this test method can also be used for the reference that other kinds of flight test vehicle carries out water spray suppression test, and result of the test can be
Flight test vehicle meter development provide it should be noted that problem, it is to avoid occur subversive design problem, accelerate flight test vehicle development enter
Degree.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of flight test vehicle water spray suppression test
Fig. 2 is camera arrangements schematic diagram
Specific embodiment
, the concrete test procedure of test is as follows taking aircraft water spray suppression test as a example:
1 test preparatory stage
1.1 test configurations determine
According to the seaworthiness clause of water spray suppression test and the manufacture claim of flight test vehicle, and design is splashed to flight test vehicle tire
Water form, determine flight test vehicle for carrying take-off weight and maximum landing weight, front center of gravity most, sliding speed interval for 0 kilometer/
Hour～140 kilometers/hour, during takeoff condition, flight test vehicle flap configuration is screens, the engine takeoff state of taking off, landing shape
During state, flight test vehicle wing flap is landing screens, engine idling rating, is determined according to the configuration that flight test vehicle can be sent simultaneously and sends out
The power supply of motivation, bleed, igniter configuration, under landing configuration, thrust reverser is to open and not open mode.
1.2 determining the length and width of experimental tank
Experimental tank length is lcNot less than vr* 1 second, lc>=140 kilometers/hour of * 1 second=72m, determine that experimental tank is long
Degree lc=100 meters, aircraft main landing gear tire outer end is apart from ll=5.7m it is allowed to flight test vehicle deviates 1.1m, test by final determination
Pond width lk=8m.
1.3 experimental tank positions and building mode
Calculated according to aeroplane performance, when aircraft maximum take-off weight, engine takeoff state, 30 DEG C of field temperature, testing airport
Acceleration distance ljiasFor 1540m, select ljias=1550m.Because experimental tank region road face has the gradient, experimental tank is adopted
Use grating type layout.
Before test, complete experimental tank construction in pilot region, and carried out revealing inspection.
1.4 flight test vehicles are tinted
To around airplane intake lip circumference, the left and right leading edge of a wing, left and right pitot, back cargo hold door position applied
Color.Switzerland's Clariant redness has been selected to tint material, this material does not have corrosivity to airframe it is easy to cleaning, and body
Chromatic zones shows clearly.
1.5 photography and vedio recording
Camera arrangements as shown in Figure 2,1. number, 3. number adopt wide angle cameras, positioned at the pond left and right sides, 2. number, 4.
Number video camera adopts long focus video camera, positioned at experimental tank exporter side, 5. number adopts field camera, is grasped by personnel
Make to be shot through near the position of inlet lip, 7. position for video camera on helicopter, flight test vehicle is sliding run when in the same direction
Motion.Based on security consideration, it is not provided with 6. number video camera.Before test, complete installation and the debugging of video camera.
The sliding speed that 1.6 flight test vehicles enter and leave experimental tank determines method
Digital high-speed photography a and digital high-speed motion picture camera b is located at the entrance of experimental tank, exit position perpendicular to runway
On direction, record aircraft enters and leaves the time in pond moment.
1.7 carry out sliding race test using fixed point, constant speed method
Test speed be defined as 70 kilometers/hour of takeoff configuration, 90 kilometers/hour, 110 kilometers/hour, 130 kilometers/little
When, vr, landing configuration be 100 kilometers/hour, 120 kilometers/hour.Calculated according to aeroplane performance, calm during 30 ° of its midfield temperature
The ground run distance that 90 kilometers/hour of condition is 250m.
Before test, sliding section of running is accelerated to mark each cunning that dabbles successively to the direction leaving experimental tank entrance in flight test vehicle
Corresponding slip 1 of scanning frequency degree, rise slip 2 ..., rise slip vrWith a slip lz.
2 experimental stages
It is possible to be tested after every preparation puts in place.Test procedure is as follows:
The wind speed vwind of 2.1 record test sites, wind direction dwind, field temperature t0；
2.2 pairs of experimental tank water fillings simultaneously measure, and the depth of water of experimental tank area 90% is not less than 12.7mm, meets seaworthiness bar
The depth of water of money requires；
2.3 engineerings carry out front inspection of navigating to flight test vehicle, confirm that each system is normal；
Tint, according to pitot, the leading edge of a wing, inlet lip, back cargo hold door in 2.4 pairs of flight test vehicles position of tinting
Order Taking Pictures recording；
2.5 flight test vehicles slide into a slip of 70 kilometers/hour of test speed, stop and stop.Arranging flight test vehicle wing flap is
Take off screens, engine condition is to take off, after engine working stability, releasing of brake flight test vehicle accelerates sliding race；Numeral is high
Fast video camera and each seat in the plane video camera whole process record the image that dabbles；Take a flight test engineering staff's implementing monitoring engine and each system of aircraft
Running parameter；
2.6 aircraft slide back to aircraft gate, stop；
2.7 are taken pictures to position of tinting and are recorded according to 2.4 order；
Whether 2.8 engineering checkout facility aircraft outward appearances, each system of flight test vehicle are normal；
The each system of 2.9 aircrafts is normal, and the program according to 2.1～2.8 carries out the test of 90 kilometers/hour of sliding speed；
After the completion of the water spray suppression test of 2.10 takeoff configuration, the program according to 2.1～2.8 carries out the test of landing configuration.
Claims (1)
1. airplane in transportation category air intake duct water spray suppression test method it is characterised in that:
Before water spray suppression test, first have to determine flight test vehicle configuration, the various work shapes of engine taken a flight test according to corresponding type
State, the flight test vehicle sliding speed point of test requirements document, determine experimental tank on runway builds material, position, and body is tinted
Position and material selection, video shoot method and meet sliding race mode of flight test vehicle of test requirements document etc., then according to test
The flight test vehicle sliding speed requiring gradually is tested；Concrete test procedure is as follows:
Step 1 is tested the preparatory stage:
1.1 flight test vehicle configurations determine step by step:
According to the seaworthiness clause of water spray suppression test and the manufacture claim of flight test vehicle, determine the test weight w of flight test vehicle, center of gravity position
Put；The flight test vehicle sliding speed of test requirements document is interval to be 0 kilometer/hour～vr,vrThe lift front-wheel that takes off for this type flight test vehicle
Sliding speed, the flap configuration of flight test vehicle is take off screens and landing screens, and engine condition is takeoff condition or landing
State；The configuration that simultaneously can be sent according to this type flight test vehicle determines the power supply of the engine that can affect result of the test, bleed, point
Firearm configuration states, the state of thrust reverser under landing configuration；
Before test, flight test vehicle to be carried out with weight, center of gravity allotment, meet test requirements document；
The length and width of 1.2 determination experimental tanks step by step:
The time that dabbles requiring various configuration during dabbling is not less than 1 second, for meeting all sliding speeds of test, test
Length l in pondcNot less than vr* 1 second, according to the landing gear structure of flight test vehicle, the width l of experimental tankkFly not less than test
The main landing gear tire outer end of machine is apart from ll, consider the take-off deviation △ l of flight test vehicle simultaneouslyk, experimental tank width lk≥ll+
△lk；
1.3 experimental tank positions and building mode step by step:
According to flight test vehicle sliding speed, the engine condition of test requirements document, flight test vehicle is calculated by flight test vehicle performance
The head l needed for the flight test vehicle sliding speed of test requirements document is accelerated under test configuration statesjias, for meeting flight test vehicle
Sliding speed and engine condition require, the length apart from runway one end for the experimental tank be not less than ljias, experimental tank is located at
L apart from runway endsjias～ljias+lcPlace；Meanwhile, according to test when with the wind with temperature raise for flight test vehicle accelerate away from
From impact experimental tank position is suitably revised；The dykes and dams material of experimental tank is to have elasticity, toughness, can firmly glue
The material composition that is connected on runway it is ensured that will not to aircraft slide and pilot guidance impacts, and be prevented from water
Reveal；
If this section of runway pavement has the gradient, adopt grating type layout, the size of grid calculates according to the runway gradient, each
In lattice, the depth of water of 90% area above reaches seaworthiness clause and requires depth；
The construction of experimental tank before test, is completed in pilot region；
1.4 flight test vehicles are tinted step by step:
Determine position of tinting, material, color；Position of tinting includes flight test vehicle pitot position, flight test vehicle inlet lip
Circumference, the temperature sensor region within air intake duct, flight test vehicle wing flap front edge area, the air inlet port regions of environmental control system, can
The affected cargo door of energy and luggage compartment door region, apu air inlet port regions, tint position different according to the structure of flight test vehicle
Can increase and decrease on demand；Material of tinting is non-corrosiveness, meet water after vestige substantially it is easy to the water-soluble liquid of cleaning；
1.5 photography and vedio recording step by step:
The object being shot according to the position in water spray suppression test pond, the configuration of flight test vehicle, video camera and purpose, arrangement is taken the photograph accordingly
Camera；Wherein the 1st, the 3rd video camera is located at the both sides of experimental tank respectively, using wide angle cameras, shoots to enter from experimental tank
Mouth is to all images of outlet；2nd and the 4th video camera is located at experimental tank port of export side respectively, using long focus video camera, claps
Take the photograph the process video that entirely dabbles；5th video camera is arranged in main cabin, positioned near engine inlet side window after, shoot into
Air flue lip dabbles video；
The shooting frame number of each video camera is not less than 24 frames/second, based on the restriction of the effect, safety and condition shooting, video camera
Position can suitably adjust, and be obtained in that judgement dabbles under conditions of situation in the 1st, the 2nd, the 3rd, No. 4 video camera, peace may be selected
Fill the 6th position for video camera in runway other end, using focal length high-definition camera, shoot the flight test vehicle video that dabbles head-on；Can
Select the 7th video camera to be arranged on helicopter, take a crane shot in the air the process that entirely dabbles in the sliding front side of running of flight test vehicle, install the 7th
The helicopter of video camera can equidirectional motion in front of the side of testing machine overhead, as far as possible holding and same the sliding of flight test vehicle
Speed；
Before test, complete installation and the debugging of video camera；
1.6 flight test vehicles enter and leave the sliding speed of experimental tank and determine method step by step:
On the direction of runway, experimental tank entrance arranges the first digital high-speed photography on extended line while with outlet
A and the second digital high-speed video camera b, record flight test vehicle enters and leaves the time of experimental tank；Digital high-speed video camera and
Airborne Testing System all using gps time service, time synchronized, airborne testing extracting data the first digital high-speed video camera a,
The time of two digital high-speed video camera b records corresponds to sliding speed value；
Step by step 1.7 meet sliding speed, engine condition fixed point constant speed slide race method:
1.7.1 determination flight test vehicle sliding speed:
The flight test vehicle sliding speed of test test requirements document first is chosen for vno.1=vr/ 2 values, if sliding in vno.1
Incongruent result of the test occurs under speed, then reduces sliding speed and carry out, until test thinks that result of the test meets requiring, and
This sliding speed is taken to be vno.1, then according to this process, the sliding speed being stepped up flight test vehicle is tested, and slides speed
Degree is followed successively by vno.2, vno.3 until vr, two absolute value≤20 kilometer/hour closing on sliding speed difference of flight test vehicle；
1.7.2 determine that flight test vehicle rises and slide point distance:
According to test sliding speed vno.1, vno.2, vno.3 ..., vr, design the different temperatures providing theoretical condition calculating
When under the flight test vehicle configuration of test requirements document, engine condition the acceleration distance l1 of flight test vehicle, l2 ..., lr；Then select
Fixed two or three sliding speeds are simulated sliding race and test, and determine the flight test vehicle configuration of this type flight test vehicle test requirements document, start
Under machine state, the bias △ l that when accelerating to this sliding speed, the gentle wind speed in field affects on ground run distance,
During landing configuration, engine accelerates in maximum rating, and certain in the flight test vehicle sliding speed more than test requirements document slides
Engine condition needed for test for the transmitting-receiving motivation under speed, aircraft carries out deceleration, treats engine condition and sliding speed
Reach test requirements document sliding speed when, this distance as flight test vehicle landing state plays sliding point apart from lz；
Flight test vehicle accelerate sliding run section mark successively to the direction leaving experimental tank entrance each sliding point l1 that respectively dabble,
L2 ..., corresponding slip 1 of lr, lz, rise slip 2 ..., rise slip vr, rise slip lz；
During test, wind speed according to test site and field Wen Qi slip l1, l2 ..., lr, lz increase or reduce △ l；
Step 2 experimental stage:
It is possible to be tested after every preparation puts in place；Test procedure is as follows:
Step by step 2.1: the wind speed vwind of record test site, wind direction dwind, field temperature t0；
Step by step 2.2: to experimental tank water filling and measure it is ensured that the depth of water of experimental tank area 90% is not less than seaworthiness clause
The depth of water requires；
Step by step 2.3: engineering carries out front inspection of navigating to flight test vehicle, confirm that each system is normal；
Step by step 2.4: flight test vehicle is tinted according to the positions of tinting of step by step 1.4 determinations, in a certain order, claps
Take the photograph angle flight test vehicle is tinted position to take pictures, and carry out mark, confirm the position state of tinting before water spray suppression test；
Step by step 2.5: flight test vehicle has slided into slip 1, stops and stops；Setting flight test vehicle wing flap is the screens of test requirements document, sends out
Motivation trystate, releasing of brake flight test vehicle accelerates sliding race, with sliding speed vno.1 by experimental tank；Using step by step
Each video camera described in 1.5 and step by step the digital high-speed video camera journey record described in 1.6 dabble image；
Step by step 2.6: pilot, the working condition of each system of engineering staff's monitoring test aircraft of taking a flight test in process of the test, if
Appearance system operation irregularity, stops test, proceeds the test of this sliding speed point, if fault can not after pending fault exclusion
Discharge or this fault has influence on flight safety, then termination test；
Step by step 2.7: flight test vehicle leaves normal interruption after experimental tank, slides back to aircraft gate, stop；
Step by step 2.8: flight test vehicle is shot with step by step 2.4 order, shooting angle and tints the photo at position, mark；
Step by step 2.9: whether each system of engineering checkout facility aircraft is normal；
Step by step 2.10: if 2.9 checking normal step by step, carry out sliding speed according to step by step 2.1～step by step 2.9
The test of vno.2；If 2.9 checkout facility airframes damage or find fault step by step, exclude or do not affect to test
Result and safety, proceed to test, otherwise, termination test；
Step by step 2.11: after all testing sites are terminated, the photo of tinting before and after test, video, engine operating parameter, numeral are high
Fast camera record enter and leave the experimental tank time as analysis result of the test data information；By analysis, determine
Air intake duct flooded condition under different sliding speeds for this type flight test vehicle, water inlet critical sliding speed the most serious or face
Boundary's sliding speed is interval；Determine airspeed system in process of the test indicate whether fluctuate, the pitot-static pressure pipeline of static-pressure system
Water accumulator whether there is ponding；
Step by step 2.12: about the critical sliding speeds of step by step 2.11 determinations or interval reduction of critical sliding speed slides
Speed interval is 10 kilometers/hour, even 5 kilometers/hour, repeats to test according to step by step 2.1～step by step 2.11, until can
To judge dabble situation and corresponding critical sliding speed or the critical sliding speed interval of most serious.
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| CN105571880B (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2018-01-02 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of tire water spray suppression test device |
| CN106383859B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2020-11-03 | 北京蓝天航空科技股份有限公司 | Analysis processing method for test flight data |
| CN107576283B (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2021-08-03 | 中国飞行试验研究院 | Method for indirectly determining aircraft water splash angle by means of optical measurement parameters |
| CN109502053A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-03-22 | 中国飞行试验研究院 | A kind of amphibious aircraft fire extinguishing task system Flight Test Method |
| CN110349130B (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2021-07-23 | 达闼机器人有限公司 | Method and device for detecting aircraft air inlet and storage medium |
| CN111994301B (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2022-03-22 | 常州华创航空科技有限公司 | Helicopter transmission system test device and system |
| CN112407328A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-02-26 | 中国直升机设计研究所 | Method for evaluating rain erosion resistance of helicopter rotor blade protective material |
| CN114030636B (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2023-04-28 | 中国直升机设计研究所 | Front-output-shaft engine helicopter air inlet channel configuration design method |
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