CN104667862B - A kind of filtrate and preparation method thereof and application method - Google Patents
A kind of filtrate and preparation method thereof and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104667862B CN104667862B CN201310633291.3A CN201310633291A CN104667862B CN 104667862 B CN104667862 B CN 104667862B CN 201310633291 A CN201310633291 A CN 201310633291A CN 104667862 B CN104667862 B CN 104667862B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of filter material for purifying drinking water, and in particular to a kind of filtrate and preparation method thereof and application method, is mainly used in drinking water deferrization and demanganization.The invention discloses a kind of filtrate and preparation method thereof and application method, filtrate is made up of by a certain percentage coal tar slag and active zeolite, and its preparation method includes：Crush, be calcined, soak, dry, mix.The main component of filtrate is silicon, iron, aluminium, carbon, and there is the filtrate good filtering to adsorb and the doubtful settlement action of wadding.Filtrate is not required to cultivate active filter film, initial launch can deferrization and demanganization, be its most prominent advantage, its performance is significantly better than manganese sand, is a kind of more satisfactory update new material of drinking water deferrization and demanganization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of filter material for purifying drinking water, and in particular to a kind of filtrate and preparation method thereof and user
Method, is mainly used in drinking water deferrization and demanganization.
Background technology
Current domestic and international the most frequently used deferrization and demanganization filtrate is manganese sand, and manganese sand is to be crushed, sieved by the ore containing manganese dioxide
Divide what is processed.
Using manganese sand deferrization and demanganization, it is necessary in filter material surface formation active filter film, ferrimanganic could be removed.Initial operating stage is trained
Active filter film is supported, except iron needs operation 4~20 days, the demanganization time is longer, when manganese content is higher, its maturity period is up to the several months very
To more than half a year.
Due to this characteristic of manganese sand, require higher for deferrization and demanganization operational management, water resource waste is very big.Therefore,
Invent a kind of new material that is simple and practical, being instantaneous results and replace manganese sand, an active demand as water technology.
The content of the invention
The purpose of this reality invention is in view of the deficienciess of the prior art, providing a kind of filtrate and preparation method thereof and using
Iron, manganese in method, cost-effective removal underground water.
What the technical scheme of this reality invention was realized in：
A kind of filtrate, including the raw material of following percentage by weight are prepared from：
Coal tar slag 70~90%, active zeolite 10~30%.
Further, in preferred scheme of the invention, including the raw material of following percentage by weight is prepared from：
Coal tar slag 80%, active zeolite 20%.
700~800Kg/m of the filtrate unit weight amount3, porosity ＞ 50%, absorption unit weight 2.3~2.8mg/g of amount, filtrate grain
Footpath is 8~32 mesh, and main component is silicon, iron, aluminium, carbon.
The preparation method of filtrate of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
（1）Crush：Coal tar slag and active zeolite are crushed, coal tar solid impurity particle and active zeolite particle is obtained；
（2）Roasting：By step（1）Obtained active zeolite particle roasting；
（3）Immersion：First by step（2）Active zeolite particle after roasting, which is put into hydrochloric acid, to be soaked, and places into sodium hydroxide
Soaked in solution；
（4）Drying：By step（3）Active zeolite particle after middle immersion is dried after rinsing well；
（5）Mixing：By step（1）Obtained coal tar solid impurity particle and step（4）Active zeolite particle after obtained drying
Mixing, is made final products.
Further, in preferred scheme of the invention, the step（1）In crushing be by the coal tar slag and the work
Change zeolite and be ground into the particle that particle diameter is 8~32 mesh.
Further, in preferred scheme of the invention, the step（2）In roasting be active zeolite at 300~500 DEG C
The high temperature kiln roasting of left and right 4~6 hours.
Further, in preferred scheme of the invention, the step（3）In immersion be first with molar concentration be 5% salt
Acid soaks 4~8 hours under 60~70 DEG C of water temperatures, then is soaked with molar concentration for 4% sodium hydroxide under 30~50 DEG C of water temperatures
4~8 hours.
Further, in preferred scheme of the invention, the step（5）In mixing coal tar slag 70 by weight percentage~
90%, active zeolite 10~30%.
The application method of filtrate of the present invention, for pure water to be flowed through to the filtrate of the present invention, including the filtrate is placed on
In container, pure water is flowed through into the container.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
It is that it is most prominent excellent 1. the filtrate that we invent, is not required to cultivate active filter film, initial launch can be violent except iron
Point, its performance is significantly better than manganese sand, is the new material that a kind of more satisfactory drinking water deferrization and demanganization updates.
2. have except color removes function of odor.Filtrate is vesicular texture, and porosity is up to more than 50%, and specific surface area is larger, absorption
Ability is strong, effectively can be de-tasted except color, improves the mouthfeel of water.
3. unit weight is more easily in backwash.Filtrate unit weight only has 800Kg/m3, backwash intensity only needs 25m3/h.m2I.e.
Can be clean by filtrate cleaning down.And manganese sand backwash intensity 64m3/h.m2, and manganese sand facies ratio, water saving power saving 50% with
On.
4. the long effect of backwash cycle is good.Filtrate has the ability of very strong " sheltering evil people and countenance evil practices ", and absorption unit weight amount is up to
2.5mg/g, is more than 4 times of manganese sand, and once, single tank backwash is only needed 8~15 minutes for general backwash in 3~5 days.
5. dependable performance is widely used.Filtrate not only can be with deferrization and demanganization, moreover it is possible to applied to ground purifying water process, originally
Advanced water treatment, ultra filtering reverse osmosis pretreatment, swimming-pool water circularly purifying and production and living sewage disposal etc., purifying water effect is stable
Reliably.
Embodiment
Following examples are that the present invention is described to further illustrate, rather than limit the present invention in any way.
Embodiment 1
Its preparation method is as follows：
1. crush：The concrete dynamic modulus cinder that selected anthracite or bituminous coal are formed after high-temp combustion, is sieved after crushing, plus
Native activating zeolite is crushed into the fine particle that particle diameter is 8~18 mesh, is processed into the fine particle of 8~18 mesh by work；
2. roasting：By the native activating zeolite after crushing, in 300 DEG C of high temperature kiln roasting 4 hours；
3. immersion：By the native activating zeolite after high-temperature roasting, first soaked with the hydrochloric acid of mass concentration 5% under 60 DEG C of water temperatures
Bubble 4 hours, then soaked 4 hours under 30 DEG C of water temperatures with the sodium hydroxide of mass concentration 4%；
4. drying：Native activating zeolite after immersion is rinsed well, then dried；
5. mixing：By the concrete dynamic modulus coal tar slag and activation process active zeolite after processing with 7：3 proportioning is mixed.
After embodiment 1 is processed, gained filtrate unit weight amount 700Kg/m3, porosity 53%, absorption unit weight amount 2.3mg/
G, the filtrate main component is silicon, iron, aluminium, carbon.
Embodiment 2
Its preparation method is as follows：
1. crush：The concrete dynamic modulus cinder that selected anthracite or bituminous coal are formed after high-temp combustion, is sieved after crushing, plus
Work crushes native activating zeolite into the fine particle that particle diameter is 20~32 mesh, it is processed into 20~
The particle of 32 mesh；
2. roasting：By the native activating zeolite after crushing, in 500 DEG C of high temperature kiln roasting 6 hours；
3. immersion：By the native activating zeolite after high-temperature roasting, first soaked with the hydrochloric acid of mass concentration 5% under 70 DEG C of water temperatures
Bubble 8 hours, then soaked 8 hours under 50 DEG C of water temperatures with the sodium hydroxide of mass concentration 4%；
4. drying：Native activating zeolite after immersion is rinsed well, then dried；
5. mixing：By the concrete dynamic modulus coal tar slag and activation process active zeolite after processing with 9：1 proportioning is mixed.
After embodiment 2 is processed, gained filtrate unit weight amount 824Kg/m3, porosity 65%, absorption unit weight amount 2.8mg/
G, the filtrate main component is silicon, iron, aluminium, carbon.
Embodiment 3
Its preparation method is as follows：
1. crush：The concrete dynamic modulus cinder that selected anthracite or bituminous coal are formed after high-temp combustion, is sieved after crushing, plus
Native activating zeolite is crushed into the fine particle that particle diameter is 12~24 mesh, is processed into the particle of 12~24 mesh by work；
2. roasting：By the native activating zeolite after crushing, in 400 DEG C of high temperature kiln roasting 5 hours；
3. immersion：By the native activating zeolite after high-temperature roasting, first soaked with the hydrochloric acid of mass concentration 5% under 65 DEG C of water temperatures
Bubble 6 hours, then soaked 6 hours under 40 DEG C of water temperatures with the sodium hydroxide of mass concentration 4%；
4. drying：Native activating zeolite after immersion is rinsed well, then dried；
5. mixing：By the concrete dynamic modulus coal tar slag and activation process active zeolite after processing with 8：2 proportioning is mixed.
After embodiment 3 is processed, gained filtrate unit weight amount 785Kg/m3, porosity 58%, absorption unit weight amount 2.5mg/
G, the filtrate main component is silicon, iron, aluminium, carbon.
In order to determine the performance of filtrate, ask The 2nd Army Medical College, Shanghai Inst. of Silicate, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Liaoning Province's disease pre-
Authority's unit such as anti-control centre, to the chemical composition of filtrate, physical and chemical index, radioactive intensity, toxicity and mutagenesis and water purification
The projects such as effect, are tested and analyzed, it was demonstrated that filtrate stable chemical performance, and firmly, specific surface area is larger for mechanical performance, absorption
Ability is strong, nontoxic, not polluted water, and items refer to
Mark meets water process use requirement.
1. wholesomeness is examined.Through carrying out wholesomeness detection to 25 indexs of filtrate, meeting national regulation will
Ask, it was demonstrated that filtrate will not be polluted to water quality.Measurement result refers to table 1.
Wholesomeness examination table 1
2. filtrate work adsorbance experiment.Work adsorbance refers to that the filtrate of constant weight is used to remove iron, when filtering out water
Maximal absorptive capacity when iron-holder is more than 0.3mg/l.
Through The 2nd Army Medical College experimental determination, the work adsorbance of filtrate is 2.5mg/g, i.e., every gram filtrate can be adsorbed
Iron in 2.5 milligrams of raw waters.
3. organic poison is tested.When water source is by trade effluent and pollution by pesticides, the content of former Organic substance in water will increase
Plus.Pharmaceutical college of The 2nd Army Medical College carries out filtration test to the water being contaminated with filtrate, to filter water and unfiltered water gas
The harmful substances such as phase chromatographic determination carbon tetrachloride, 666, DDT, Benzpyrene is carcinogenic with rp-hplc
The content of material, it the results are shown in Table 2, table 3.
666th, DDT test results table 2
Benzpyrene, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform measurement result table 3
Result of the test shows that filtrate has certain removal ability to organic poison.
4. filtrate Salmonella reversion test.When raw water is by Organic Pollution, the organic matter in water can be obtained through causing prominent property detection
Obtain positive findings.After raw water media filtration, the prominent property of cause of water, the special toxicology religion of The 2nd Army Medical College can be removed or reduced
Room is ground to evaluate filtrate with Salmonella reversion test.
Result of the test shows that dosage is in every more than ware 500ml, and raw water is in the case where adding and being not added with S9, to TA98's
Induce back to become clump count and exceed and become 2 times of clump count from beaming back, be presented positive, show frameshit and cause prominent property.Each dosage pair
TA97, TA100, TA102 there are no the prominent property of cause.
No matter same water sample adds through media filtration and is not added with S9, and being showed no to TA97, TA100, TA102 has the prominent property of cause.Table
Bright filtrate has the ability for removing mutagenic matter.
5. de-ferrous effect is tested.Water sample adds ferrous sulfate to prepare with well water, 1.77~10.650mg/L of dosage, through aeration
Media filtration is used afterwards.
Filtering uses lucite tube, 80 × 600mm of specification φ.The filtrate 1.0Kg after Screening Treatment is weighed, was loaded on
In filter, thickness of filter bed 400mm, supporting layer 200mm, high ferro water filtration flow 1.0L/min.Before and after each tested number filtering
3 water samples are adopted, iron-holder is determined with Hitachi's Z-8000 atomic absorption spectrophotometers.As a result show, when raw water iron-holder does not surpass
When crossing 10mg/L, below 0.3mg/L can be dropped to through media filtration, result of the test is shown in table 4.
Media filtration de-ferrous effect table 4
6. demanganization effect test.In the earth's crust, general iron and manganese are symbiosis, so underground water with iron mostly contains manganese.Cause
This, while except iron, it is necessary to consider demanganization.In March, 1989, central laboratory of The 2nd Army Medical College, Shanghai was imitated to filtrate demanganization
Fruit has carried out analysis test, and test result is shown in Table 5.
Filtrate demanganization effect（n=3）Table 5
As can be seen from Table 5, removal influence of the pH value on manganese is larger, and the demanganization effect to have obtained should bring up to pH value
7.0 more than.
7. purifying water effect is tested.Central laboratory of The 2nd Army Medical College handles filtrate the effect of all other physical and chemical indexs
Tested, result of the test is shown in Table 6.
Analysis Results of Water Quality table 6 before and after the processing
As can be seen from Table 6, filtrate not only good iron removal effect, and with except color, de-taste, heavy-metal ion removal and have
The ability of machine harmful substance.
Influence of the 8.PH values to filtrate de-ferrous effect.To understand fully influence of the pH value of water to filtrate de-ferrous effect, the second army
Doctor's University Central Laboratories are tested in laboratory.Result of the test is shown in Table 7.
Influence table 7 of the pH value to de-ferrous effect
The testing result of table 7 shows that, with the increase of pH value, de-ferrous effect is significantly improved.As PH=6, still there is significant
Except iron ability, illustrate that the scope of filtrate adaptation pH value is relatively wide.PH >=6 of China's overwhelming majority underground water with iron, using filtrate
Except iron, typically it is not required to adjust pH value.
9. resistance to water-flow and the relation of water outlet iron manganese content.With the increase of processing water, the ferrimanganic in raw water is by filtrate
Filtering absorption, ferrimanganic is cumulative in filtrate, and resistance to water-flow will be increasing, and pressure is constantly raised, the effect of removing of iron and manganese
Also can decline therewith, when water outlet iron content more than 0.3mg/h, manganese content more than 0.1mg/h when it is necessary to being backwashed.
Experiment shows that, when filtrate deferrization and demanganization filter turnover differential water pressures reach 0.12MPa, water outlet iron-holder will be anxious
Play rise, water quality deterioration, illustrate filtrate oneself through saturation, it is necessary to backwashed, to recover the deferrization and demanganization ability of filtrate.
10. adsorption is tested after filtrate backwash.With the increase of filtering water, the adsorption capacity of filtrate gradually under
Drop, when water outlet iron-holder exceedes national drinking water standard it is necessary to being backwashed.Central laboratory of The 2nd Army Medical College is testing
Room, except iron efficiency is detected, the results are shown in Table 8 to filtrate after backwash.
Filtrate removes iron effect test result table 8 after backwash
Practical application is proved for many years, and filtrate can such as be adhered to backwashing on request, can be made the performance of filtrate with Reusability
Good recovery is obtained, efficient purifying water effect is kept for a long time.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of filtrate, it is characterised in that be prepared from by the raw material comprising following percentage by weight：
Coal tar slag 70~90%, active zeolite 10~30%；
The preparation method of the filtrate, comprises the following steps：
（1）Crush：Coal tar slag and active zeolite are crushed, coal tar solid impurity particle and active zeolite particle is obtained；
（2）Roasting：By step（1）Obtained active zeolite particle roasting；
（3）Immersion：First by step（2）Active zeolite particle after roasting, which is put into hydrochloric acid, to be soaked, and places into sodium hydroxide solution
Middle immersion；
（4）Drying：By step（3）Active zeolite particle after middle immersion is dried after rinsing well；
（5）Mixing：By step（1）Obtained coal tar solid impurity particle and step（4）Active zeolite particle mixing after obtained drying,
Final products are made.
2. a kind of filtrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that prepared by the raw material comprising following percentage by weight and
Into：Coal tar slag 80%, active zeolite 20%.
3. a kind of filtrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（1）In crushing be by the coal tar
Slag and the active zeolite are ground into the particle that particle diameter is 8~32 mesh.
4. a kind of filtrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（2）In roasting be that active zeolite exists
300~500 DEG C of high temperature kiln roasting 4~6 hours.
5. a kind of filtrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（3）In immersion be first with quality it is dense
Spend and soaked 4~8 hours under 60~70 DEG C of water temperatures for 5% hydrochloric acid, then with the sodium hydroxide that mass concentration is 4% at 30~50 DEG C
Soaked 4~8 hours under water temperature.
6. the application method of a kind of filtrate described in claim 1, it is characterised in that high-iron and high manganese raw water is flowed through into claim
Filtrate described in 1, including the filtrate is placed in a reservoir, high-iron and high manganese raw water is flowed through into the container and is purified
Water.
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| CN113321525A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-08-31 | 南通大学 | Modified ceramsite capable of efficiently removing manganese and preparation method thereof |
Citations (2)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102107994A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-06-29 | 郑高宽 | Device for filtering various water sources into direct drinking water |
| CN102773021A (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2012-11-14 | 北京建筑工程学院 | Method for prolonging cleaning period of immersed ultra filtration membrane |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102107994A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-06-29 | 郑高宽 | Device for filtering various water sources into direct drinking water |
| CN102773021A (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2012-11-14 | 北京建筑工程学院 | Method for prolonging cleaning period of immersed ultra filtration membrane |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 无烟煤滤料在生物除铁除锰水厂中的应用;李冬 等;《沈 阳 建 筑 大 学 学 报(自 然 科 学 版 )》;20070930;第23卷(第5期);第818-821页 * |
| 沸石改性及其吸附去除水中铁锰的实验研究;杨惠银 等;《江西化工》;20071231(第4期);第85-87页 * |
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