CN104667833A - Large-span high-yield formaldehyde oxidizer - Google Patents
Large-span high-yield formaldehyde oxidizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104667833A CN104667833A CN201510128395.8A CN201510128395A CN104667833A CN 104667833 A CN104667833 A CN 104667833A CN 201510128395 A CN201510128395 A CN 201510128395A CN 104667833 A CN104667833 A CN 104667833A
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- heat exchanger
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large-span high-yield formaldehyde oxidizer, which comprises an oxidizer shell, a heat exchanger, a silver catalysis layer and a heat exchange tube support, wherein the middle segment of the heat exchanger shell is square; the upper segment and the lower segment of the heat exchange shell are an air inlet segment and a discharge segment respectively; the heat exchange tube is arranged in the middle segment of the oxidizer shell to form a shell-and-tube heat exchanger; the shell pass of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is used for circulating reaction materials; a water inlet and a water outlet of the heat exchange tube extend out of the shell, and are respectively collected through water collecting pipes; the heat exchange tube support comprises a bottom support and a middle support plate; a plurality of penetrating holes which correspond to the heat exchange tube are formed in the middle support plate; sleeves matched with the outer diameters of the heat exchange tube are arranged on the penetrating holes; and the bottom support is arranged below the middle support plate. The large-span high-yield formaldehyde oxidizer is compact in structure, and long in service life in a high-temperature work environment; and large-span heat exchange tube is supported and reinforced to conform to the production requirements over 120,000t.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical production technology and equipment technical field, relate generally to methenamine continuous production processes and device.
Background technology
At present, silver-colored formaldehyde is produced and is mainly divided into following unit operations, methyl alcohol evaporation element, oxidation reaction unit, formaldehyde absorption unit, tail gas treating unit.And silver-colored formaldehyde produce in main oxidation reactor be nucleus equipment, the reasonability of oxidation of formaldehyde device project organization and the quality of workmanship directly affect formaldehyde end product quality, consumption of raw materials and oxidator service life.
At present, traditional structural formula ledge, catalyst case, quench zone form.Quench zone is actually a heat exchanger, and upper perforated plate directly lays copper mesh, catalyst is layered on copper mesh, shorten the distance of catalyst layer to quench zone like this, thus product yield is high, acidity can control at 100x10
-6below.But existing oxidation of formaldehyde device still exists following problem: oxidation of formaldehyde device operating temperature is 620 ~ 650 DEG C, because thermal stress can cause the drawing crack of tube sheet and heat exchanger tube; If exchanger tubes and tubesheets leaks, the medium of tube side and shell side can be caused to converge, cause production accident; If annual production production more than 120,000 tons, the volume of conventional oxidation device becomes large, becomes the equipment of transfiniting, cause transport constant while, the increase of span reduces equipment service life in high temperature environments; Formaldehyde medium walks tube side, and recirculated cooling water walks shell side, and technique is unreasonable, and heat transfer effect is bad; Tube side is walked formaldehyde medium and is run, and because whole tube sheet exists, resistance is large, and run uneconomical, energy consumption is large; There is the situation of dry combustion method in upper perforated plate, thus cause tube sheet hardening crack situation.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: for above-mentioned Problems existing and defect, the invention provides a kind of oxidation of formaldehyde device of large span high yield, can realize the Formaldehyde Production of more than 12 tons.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions: a kind of large span high yield oxidation of formaldehyde device, comprise oxidator housing, heat exchanger tube, silver-colored Catalytic Layer and heat exchanger tube to support, the stage casing of described heat exchanger shell is square, and epimere and hypomere are respectively air inlet section and discharging section; Described heat exchanger tube is located at the inside in oxidator housing stage casing thus forms shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the shell side of this shell-and-tube heat exchanger is for the reaction mass that circulates, and tube side is for circulating thermal source, and the water inlet of heat exchanger tube and delivery port all stretch out hull outside, and collect respectively by collector pipe; Described heat exchanger tube supports and comprises bottom support and intermediate support plate, and described intermediate support plate is provided with multiple perforation corresponding with heat exchanger tube, and this perforation is provided with the sleeve mated with heat exchanger tube external diameter; Under described bottom support is located at intermediate support plate; Described silver catalyst layer is above located at the top of heat exchanger tube by being fixed on heat exchanger tube support.
As preferably, epimere and the hypomere of described oxidator housing are cylinder type, and oxidator housing epimere is provided with material inlet and gas distributor.
As preferably, the epimere of described oxidator shell is provided with cooling adjoining pipe.
As preferably, in described oxidator, heat exchanger tube is U-shaped structure, and heat exchanger tube water inlet and delivery port are located at the same side of oxidator housing; And the curved end semicanal enclosed construction of at least ground floor heat exchanger tube, and this semicanal enclosed construction is provided with steam outlet.
As preferably, also comprise the expansion joint that cross section is " L " font, the periphery of the upper end in described heat exchanger shell stage casing and one end of expansion joint affixed, the other end of expansion joint is then affixed with the epimere of heat exchanger shell thus the epimere of heat exchanger shell and stage casing are sealed, and the epimere of the upper end in heat exchanger shell stage casing and heat exchanger shell is movable contact.
As preferably, described heat exchanger tube is arranged with support set through the position of oxidator housing.
As preferably, described the superiors heat exchanger tube is provided with copper mesh brace rod, the upper flat of this copper mesh brace rod, and bottom is provided with the groove matched with heat exchanger tube external diameter.
As preferably, described expansion joint only has setting in the side of oxidator housing.
Beneficial effect: compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) novel oxidized device structure adopts square, makes structure become compacter; (2) leak if solve exchanger tubes and tubesheets, the problem that the medium of tube side and shell side converges can be caused; (3) problem transport being only limited to output 120,000 tons/year is solved; (4) the bad problem of oxidator heat transfer effect is solved, under same heat exchange area, much fewer than common tube heat exchanger tube of finned tube, production capacity improves but equipment diminishes; (5) solve oxidator resistance large, run uneconomical, the problem that energy consumption is large; (6) service life of equipment can be increased to 10 years from 3 years.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of oxidation of formaldehyde device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structure enlarged diagram of A place expansion joint in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structure enlarged diagram of B place semicanal enclosed construction in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the structure enlarged diagram that in Fig. 1, C place heat exchanger tube supports;
Fig. 5 is the structure enlarged diagram at D place in Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 is the structure enlarged diagram at E place in Fig. 1;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of copper mesh brace rod of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of oxidation of formaldehyde device in prior art.
Wherein, ledge 1, stage casing 2, hypomere 3, heat exchanger tube 4, silver catalyst layer 5, manifold trunk 6, expansion joint 7, semicanal enclosed construction 8, steam outlet 9, intermediate support plate 10, bottom support 11, sleeve pipe 12, support set 13, copper mesh brace rod 14, material inlet 15, gas distributor 16, cooling adjoining pipe 17.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, illustrate the present invention further, these embodiments should be understood only be not used in for illustration of the present invention and limit the scope of the invention, after having read the present invention, the amendment of those skilled in the art to the various equivalent form of value of the present invention has all fallen within the application's claims limited range.
As shown in Fig. 1 ~ 7, oxidation of formaldehyde device of the present invention, mainly comprises oxidator housing, expansion joint that heat exchanger tube, silver-colored Catalytic Layer, cross section are " L " font and heat exchanger tube supports, wherein:
Oxidator housing be divided into three sections, be respectively the collection of products section of the ledge of epimere, the reaction in stage casing and quench zone and hypomere, and the stage casing of oxidator housing is square, rib heat exchanging pipe is U-shaped structure, and the stage casing of oxidator housing is located in matrix form level, and water inlet and delivery port all to stretch out oxidator housing outer and be in the same side, then each water inlet and delivery port are collected respectively by manifold trunk.In addition, described heat exchanger tube supports and comprises bottom support and intermediate support plate, described intermediate support plate is provided with multiple perforation corresponding with heat exchanger tube, and this perforation is provided with the sleeve pipe mated with heat exchanger tube external diameter, and the position through heat exchanger tube on simultaneous oxidation device housing is also provided with cylindrical support cover.
Because the temperature of catalyst layer conversion zone is very high, 650 DEG C can be reached.Thermal expansion between the conversion zone of oxidator housing and quench zone is comparatively large, and therefore the weld in epimere and stage casing easily causes weld fatigue damage when expanding inconsistent, and then shortens service life.Preferably, the present invention arrange between the epimere ledge and upper end, stage casing of oxidator housing cross section for " L " expansion joint of font, the periphery of the upper end in oxidator housing stage casing and one end of expansion joint affixed, the other end of expansion joint is then affixed with the ledge of oxidator housing thus the epimere of oxidator housing and stage casing are sealed, and the epimere energy relative motion (as shown in Figure 2) of the upper end in oxidator housing stage casing and oxidator housing.Described expansion joint can be made up of stainless-steel sheet flanging, has some strength and suitable amount of deflection.More preferably good, only this expansion joint is set in the side in square oxidator stage casing, therefore dislocation dilation only occurs in side and moves, avoid the uncertainty of expansion direction.If when the thermal expansion of heat exchanger tube and cylindrical shell is inconsistent, cylinder board expands and is greater than the expansion of heat exchanger tube, and right side tube sheet (on the right side of oxidator housing) can move the thermal expansion compensating heat exchanger tube by left and right directions.
Inventor is in commissioning process, also find that upper row's heat exchanger tube adds easy damage most, learn through disassembling analysis: this is because the temperature of the reaction zone of oxidation of formaldehyde is greater than 620 DEG C ~ 650 DEG C, long-term work at such high temperatures, near silver catalyst layer the suitable evil of the working condition of row's rib heat exchanging pipe slightly, the operating mode of corresponding cylinder board be also suitable evil slightly.Under this operating mode, the quantity of steam that the finned tube of upper row produces instantaneously is very large, and finned tube inside may occur lack of water situation thus, thus causes the dry combustion method of finned tube, therefore must draw the steam produced fast in time.For this reason, the water inlet and delivery port of going up most the left side of the rib heat exchanging pipe of row are collected by manifold trunk by the present invention, but the U-shaped pipe bent position on right side then adopts half tubular construction, thus form the seal cavity of larger volume, and steam outlet is set on the top of seal cavity, fast steam is extracted out by the mode of negative pressure, the cooling water do not gasified then flows out along return duct from the delivery port of heat exchanger tube, thus avoid steam to be in the circulating resistance of the cooling water cannot discharging increase above pipe, or even the dry combustion method of heat exchanger tube, and then extend the service life of finned tube.
As shown in Figure 4, also comprise heat exchanger tube and support, described heat exchanger tube supports and comprises bottom support and intermediate support plate, and described intermediate support plate is provided with multiple perforation corresponding with heat exchanger tube, and this perforation is provided with the sleeve pipe mated with fin heat exchange pipe external diameter; Under described bottom support is located at intermediate support plate.As shown in Figure 7, be the copper mesh brace rod of the fixing band groove of the top erection of intermediate support plate.Because the copper mesh of silver catalyst layer will be laid on finned tube, but finned tube spacing is larger, be not enough to support whole copper mesh, if do not add support copper mesh can naturally droop, whole copper mesh is uneven, and catalyst is just difficult to be evenly distributed, thus affects whole reaction effect, copper mesh is laid on finned tube, effectively can guarantee the flatness of the whole plane of silver layer and shorten the time of catalytic oxidation to quench zone.Therefore, on certain length, add copper mesh gripper shoe according to the distance of finned tube and finned tube top can be made like this to be approximately a grid frame, lay copper mesh above, copper mesh is just very smooth.Further improvement, described heat exchanger tube is also arranged with support set through the position of oxidator housing.
Further improvement, in order to avoid excessive deformation and burning problem can not occur the stainless steel ledge of oxidator housing under 650 DEG C of high temperature long-term works, and stainless steel sensitization and crack damage, the present invention is provided with cooling adjoining pipe at the outer wall of ledge, reduce the temperature of this part, thus improve the service life of equipment.
When rib heat exchanging pipe is installed, the steel pipe of support set is first used in the perforation place welding that oxidator housing is corresponding, and vertically place intermediate support plate in stage casing simultaneously, then finned tube is inserted in the steel pipe of oxidator housing correspondence perforation, continue through intermediate support plate, after all finned tubes are all put on, be welded and fixed intermediate support plate, continue to push the oxidator housing of finned tube through opposite, and the built-up welding of gap place is sealed.Then on the superiors' finned tube, set up copper mesh brace rod, the upper flat of this copper mesh brace rod, bottom is provided with the groove matched with heat exchanger tube external diameter, then silver catalyst copper mesh layers is superposed successively and is laid on top.Preferably, on the right side of oxidator housing, the aperture of the perforation opposing left of (side namely residing for U heat exchange bending end) is larger, thus adjustment when facilitating heat exchanger tube to run through installation, the wall thickness of the support set of its same correspondence is larger thus mate with perforation.
In sum, the present invention mainly solves the following technique and manufacturing technology difficult point that in silver-colored formaldehyde device, oxidation of formaldehyde device exists:
(1) change the shell side of the cooling medium that circulates in prior art into circulation reaction mass, tube side then circulates the mode of cooling medium, greatly reduces the running resistance of oxidator, improves output economy, reduce energy consumption.
(2) adopt novel square oxidator structure, make more compact structure, output is larger, while convenient transport, is more conducive to the different thermal expansion of parts of controlled oxidization device and the direction of cold events, increases the service life.
(3) finned tube is designed to U-shaped bend pipe, and delivery port and water inlet all stretch out outside housing, thus completely avoid the problem of the mixing of tube side and the shell side material caused because heat exchanger tube or tube sheet occur to leak;
(4) half tubular-shaped structures is designed to the bend loss of the superiors' rib heat exchanging pipe, steam can be drawn fast, thus heat exchanger tube dry combustion method can be prevented; Simultaneous oxidation device housing design L-type expansion joint, provides expansion compensation, avoids that tube sheet expansion amplitude is inconsistent causes welding position to damage and the high-temperature fatigue damage of housing;
(5) also supported by the heat exchanger of band pipe box in addition, thus improve the intensity of heat exchanger tube, avoid the distortion causing heat exchanger tube because heat exchanger tube span is excessive.
Claims (8)
1. a large span high yield oxidation of formaldehyde device, is characterized in that: comprise oxidator housing, heat exchanger tube, silver-colored Catalytic Layer and heat exchanger tube and support, the stage casing of described heat exchanger shell is square, and epimere and hypomere are respectively air inlet section and discharging section; Described heat exchanger tube is located at the inside in oxidator housing stage casing thus forms shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the shell side of this shell-and-tube heat exchanger is for the reaction mass that circulates, and tube side is for circulating thermal source, and the water inlet of heat exchanger tube and delivery port all stretch out hull outside, and collect respectively by collector pipe; Described heat exchanger tube supports and comprises bottom support and intermediate support plate, and described intermediate support plate is provided with multiple perforation corresponding with heat exchanger tube, and this perforation is provided with the sleeve mated with heat exchanger tube external diameter; Under described bottom support is located at intermediate support plate; Described silver catalyst layer is above located at the top of heat exchanger tube by being fixed on heat exchanger tube support.
2. oxidation of formaldehyde device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: epimere and the hypomere of described oxidator housing are cylinder type, and oxidator housing epimere is provided with material inlet and gas distributor.
3. oxidation of formaldehyde device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the epimere of described oxidator shell is provided with cooling adjoining pipe.
4. oxidation of formaldehyde device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described oxidator, heat exchanger tube is U-shaped structure, and heat exchanger tube water inlet and delivery port are located at the same side of oxidator housing; And the curved end semicanal enclosed construction of at least ground floor heat exchanger tube, and this semicanal enclosed construction is provided with steam outlet.
5. oxidation of formaldehyde device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise the expansion joint that cross section is " L " font, the periphery of the upper end in described heat exchanger shell stage casing and one end of expansion joint affixed, the other end of expansion joint is then affixed with the epimere of heat exchanger shell thus the epimere of heat exchanger shell and stage casing are sealed, and the epimere of the upper end in heat exchanger shell stage casing and heat exchanger shell is movable contact.
6. oxidation of formaldehyde device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described heat exchanger tube is arranged with support set through the position of oxidator housing.
7. oxidation of formaldehyde device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described the superiors heat exchanger tube is provided with copper mesh brace rod, the upper flat of this copper mesh brace rod, bottom is provided with the groove matched with heat exchanger tube external diameter.
8. oxidation of formaldehyde device according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described expansion joint only has setting in the side of oxidator housing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510128395.8A CN104667833A (en) | 2015-03-24 | 2015-03-24 | Large-span high-yield formaldehyde oxidizer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510128395.8A CN104667833A (en) | 2015-03-24 | 2015-03-24 | Large-span high-yield formaldehyde oxidizer |
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| CN104667833A true CN104667833A (en) | 2015-06-03 |
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| CN201510128395.8A Pending CN104667833A (en) | 2015-03-24 | 2015-03-24 | Large-span high-yield formaldehyde oxidizer |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105399056A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-03-16 | 江阴中南重工有限公司 | Oxidation tower with heating device |
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2015
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Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN201599788U (en) * | 2010-01-11 | 2010-10-06 | 大连熵立得传热技术有限公司 | Radial heat pipe economizer with jacket |
| CN201978728U (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2011-09-21 | 淮南市石油化工机械设备有限公司 | Formaldehyde oxidation reactor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105399056A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-03-16 | 江阴中南重工有限公司 | Oxidation tower with heating device |
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Effective date of abandoning: 20180713 |