CN1046665A

CN1046665A - What help reducing carbon monoxide contains the catalyst smoking product

Info

Publication number: CN1046665A
Application number: CN 89102902
Authority: CN
Inventors: 米切尔·大卫·谢农; 里查德·朗·莱门; 詹姆斯·李·瑞斯; 奥里佛·派斯·福林; 约翰夫·米尔斯; 旦尼斯·米奇尔瑞格斯; 厄内斯特·吉伯特·法里亚
Original assignee: RJ Reynolds Tobacco Co
Current assignee: RJ Reynolds Tobacco Co
Priority date: 1989-04-25
Filing date: 1989-04-25
Publication date: 1990-11-07

Abstract

The present invention relates to be included in the cigarette and other smoking products preferably formed of significantly reducing the CO content that in mainstream smoke, contains during the smoking as the catalysis of part of fuel constituent element.The present invention also relates to contain the carbonaceous fuel self of catalyst, and the method for making this carbonaceous fuel.The fuel constituent element that comprises described catalysis composition is particularly useful in the smoking product with the smoke generating device that physically separates with the burning constituent element.

Description

What help reducing carbon monoxide contains the catalyst smoking product

The present invention relates to be included in the cigarette and other smoking products preferably formed of significantly reducing the CO content that in mainstream smoke, contains during the smoking as the catalysis of part of fuel constituent element.The present invention also relates to contain the carbonaceous fuel self of catalyst and the method for making this carbonaceous fuel.The fuel constituent element that comprises catalysis composition of the present invention is particularly useful in the smoking product with the smoke generating device that physically separates with the fuel constituent element.

Preferable smoking product of the present invention can to the user provide smoking enjoyment (for example, smoke, impression, satisfy, enjoyment etc.), it is by heating rather than burning tobacco, and accompanies by the CO content of minimizing.Terminology used here " smoking product " comprises cigarette, cigar, tobacco pipe etc., and they use the tobacco of various different shapes.

Cigarette, cigar and tobacco pipe are the common forms of tobacco smoking product.The particularly improvement or the conversion of cigarette of common form as to these tobacco smoking products proposed many smoking products and smoking product for many years.

For example, many people have proposed the tobacco substitute smoking product, see the United States Patent (USP) (patent No. is 4,079,742) of for example authorizing Rainer etc.

In the seventies, two kinds of such materials (Cytrel and NSM) are imported into Europe as the part substitute of tobacco, but do not realize any long-term commercial success.

Other many people have proposed the smoking product, particularly cigarette smoking goods that are produced as the basis with smog or steam.

Recently, in the European patent publication that transfers R.J. Rainolds Tobacco CO. number 0174645 and 0212234, authorize the U.S. Patent number 4 of Banerjee etc., 714,082 and authorize the U.S. Patent number 4 of Shannon etc., in 756,318, having described can be by heating, rather than the burning tobacco come to provide the cigarette smoking goods of smoking enjoyment to the user, they can not produce the imperfect combustion or the thermal decomposition product of significant quantity.A kind of such smoking product, plate is that the cigarette of Premier is introduced into the U.S. by R.J. Rainolds Tobacco CO. recently, the mainstream smoke of every this cigarette comprises about 9-12mg carbon monoxide (CO) usually, see disquisition " chemistry and biology research; " the 126-127 page or leaf of publishing by R.J. Rainolds Tobacco CO. (after this being called " RJR disquisition ") to heat the cigarette prototype (Chemical and Biological Studies, New Cigarette Prototypes That Heat instead of Burn Tobacco) that substitutes the burning tobacco.

Done multiple trial aspect the CO content in tobacco (or tobacco substitute) cigarette utilizing catalyst and/or other method of modifying to reduce.Yet obviously neither one is obtained any significant business success in these technologies.

Authorize the U.S. Patent number 4 of Stuetz, 397,321 have proposed to comprise tobacco and the non-tobacco smoking constituent of being made up of the catalyst of fine ash and transistion metal compound (the particularly oxide of manganese or iron) formation, the repeatedly trial before this patent has also been described aspect catalyst junction being incorporated into the cigarette composition level that reduces selection in the cigarette.

The U.S. Patent number 4,182,348 of authorizing Seehofer etc. has proposed a kind of by having the ruthenium compound (M of perovskite structure ₂M ', Ru O ₆) add cigarette removes nitrogen oxide and carbon monoxide from the tobacco smoke of cigarette method.

The U.S. Patent number 3,368,566 of authorizing Avedikian has proposed a kind of filter tip that comprises the oxide of catalytic oxidation thing such as manganese dioxide, chromium trioxide and other chromium and copper, thereby carbon monoxide is changed into carbon dioxide.

The U.S. Patent number 4,317,460 of authorizing Dale etc. has proposed the use of the low temperature catalyst on the porous carrier in cigarette filter, with this carbon monoxide is oxidized to carbon dioxide.Dale has also mentioned the unsafty trial before the Eastman Chemical Products company, and this trial is to be incorporated into filter tip with various oxidants and catalyst junction carbon monoxide is converted into carbon dioxide.

Authorize the U.S. Patent number 4,215,708 of Bron and described a kind of cigarette stabilizer (holder) with catalysis afterburner, its attempt is converted into acceptable fuming compound with carbon monoxide and unburnt hydrocarbon.

Be used for reducing in the on-catalytic method of the carbon monoxide level of cigarette smoke and also passed through trial, please consult the U.S. Patent number 4 of authorizing Keritsis especially, 589, the extraction of 428(tobacco), authorize the U.S. Patent number 4 of Branti, 142,534(does not have the use in tobacco district) and authorize the U.S. Patent number 4,258 of Tuskamoto, the use in 730(magnetic field).

In a word, the present invention relates to comprise preferable cigarette and other smoking products of forming as the catalysis of part of fuel constituent element of the CO content of remarkable minimizing in the mainstream smoke of smoking product.

Here used " the remarkable minimizing of CO content " refers to compare with the similar smoking product that does not have the catalysis composition, being reduced to of CO content in the mainstream smoke of smoking product at least about 30%, be preferably at least about 50%, the best is at least about 70%, it is recorded by the technology of describing in the above-mentioned RJR disquisition, and the content that it disclosed is introduced in herein by reference whereby.

What the present invention also relates to be used for smoking product contains catalyst fuel constituent element, and it can significantly reduce the CO content that produced by this constituent element of burning, the present invention also relates to make the method for this fuel constituent element.

Preferably, utilize the smoking product of this fuel constituent element to comprise pressure forming carbonaceous fuel constituent element, the smog that comprises that is attached to described fuel constituent element one end forms the smog generator that separates on the physics of material; The tobacco material; With attached to the mouth end parts on the smog generator.The example of these smoking products at above-mentioned European patent notification number 0174645 and 0212234, authorize the U.S. Patent number 4 of Banerjee etc., 714,082 and authorize the U.S. Patent number 4,756 of Shannon etc., obtained description in 318, the content that is disclosed is introduced in herein by reference.

Comprise the preferable smoking product of forming as the catalysis of part of fuel constituent element especially, when in FTC condition [the 35ml aerosol spraying volume (after this being called " FTC condition ") that comprises the 2 second duration that separates by glowing in 58 seconds] down during at least 10 mouthfuls of smokings, in mainstream smoke, comprise and be no more than about 6mg carbon monoxide, be preferably and be no more than about 4mg, the best is no more than about 2mg.

Can described catalysis composition be incorporated in the carbonaceous fuel many methods.In some preferred embodiment, prepare shaping fuel stack unit such as platinum group metal and/or ceramic material (for example aluminium oxide, zirconia, titanium dioxide etc.) by even mixing carbonaceous material and catalysis composition.Described ceramic material both can be used as catalysis material, and when using the platinum group metal, it can be used as the carrier of this platinum group metal.

In some other preferred embodiments, shaping carbonaceous fuel stack unit, thus catalysis formed to concentrate in to small part to be extended through in one or more vertical passages of described fuel constituent element.For example, described fuel constituent element can comprise one kernel/Shell structure, and wherein shell comprises the carbonaceous material that surrounds described kernel, and kernel comprises ceramic material and/or platinum group metal, preferably has to small part from least one vertical passage of extend through wherein.

Described fuel constituent element also can comprise the carbonaceous material adhering substance of shaping, has applied solution on it, such as the chloride solution (for example by immersion, spraying etc.) of platinum group metal.

In all the foregoing descriptions, described fuel preferably has to small part from least one passage of extend through wherein.

Although catalyst junction be combined on the fuel constituent element or be attached to is excellent in the fuel constituent element, described catalyst also can be placed on other positions of smoking product, and impels the conversion of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide.Shown in Figure 1 and below in the preferable in greater detail smoking product, this shifting one's position comprises a) between the fuel constituent element and smog generator and b) in smog generator self.

Preferable catalysis is formed and is comprised various ceramic material such as oxide, nitride, carbide and boride.Non-oxide ceramic material comprises silicon nitride, aluminium nitride, titanium boride, boron nitride, boron carbide, carborundum, tungsten carbide etc.Preferable ceramic material comprises oxide, such as aluminium oxide, zirconia, titanium oxide, yittrium oxide, silica, phosphate, alumino-silicate and non-crystal oxide material, such as glass and amorphous state ceramic powders.Particularly preferred ceramic material comprises: the product of oxide hydroxide and oxide hydroxide, and such as transitional alumina.Can use or be loaded in other catalyst that use on the above-mentioned ceramic material separately and comprise platinum group metal such as platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium etc. or base metal catalysts, such as iron, manganese, vanadium, copper, nickel, cobalt etc.Best at present catalysis is formed and is comprised one or more transitional aluminas separately, is in particular α and θ aluminium oxide, or combines with palladium or platinum.

It is a kind of platinum group metal that catalysis in adding to smoking product of the present invention is formed, and it both can be carrier format, also can be the carrier-free form, but is good so that carrier format to be arranged.Form by the catalysis for preparing on the carrier by some base materials or " carrier " on chemistry or the mechanical means deposition, then this carrier is incorporated into smoking product, for example in the fuel constituent element of smoking product.The typical carriers that is used for the platinum group metal comprises active carbon, carbon black and above-mentioned ceramic material.Preferable carrier is an aluminium oxide in this invention, is preferably the filtration aluminium oxide.

Comprise in its most preferred embodiment of transitional alumina that at catalyst the catalytic amount (weight %) that adds to the carbonaceous fuel constituent element is at preferably little (10mm * 4.5mm) can be low to moderate 2% in the fuel constituent element.When a kind of platinum group metal being used as the catalysis composition, amount of metal can be low to moderate about 5 micrograms.

Form and to exist with a certain amount of in the locational catalysis of selecting in any case, make and during the burning of fuel constituent element, can reduce the CO content that discharges in the mainstream smoke.

Terminology used here " carbonaceous " means the material except any catalysis composition and non-carbon-containing carrier, mainly comprises carbon.

Terminology used here " essentially no reactive metal component " refers to have this component that is lower than about 2 micrograms.

Terminology used here " pressure forming " refers to be shaped under pressure, for example compacting, mold pressing or extruding.

Fig. 1 can use the present invention to contain the sectional side elevation of a preferable smoking product of catalyst-carbon fuel constituent element.

Figure 1A-1C is the sectional view that can be used for the preferred fuel constituent element channel design in the preferable smoking product.

According to the present invention, provide a kind of smoking product that catalysis is formed that on one or more positions of smoking product, comprises.Described catalysis is formed best part carbonaceous fuel constituent element as this smoking product and is used, and these fuel can produce the tobacco smoke that contains smog or similar smog but comprise seldom or do not have aspect the smoking product of imperfect combustion or thermal decomposition product particularly useful making.The preferable smoking product that can use this catalyst one carbon fuel above-mentioned European patent notification number 0174645 and 0212234 and U.S. Patent number 4,714,082 and 4,756,318 in obtained description.

Described catalysis is formed best a kind of component as pressure forming carbonaceous fuel constituent element (such as at above-mentioned European patent notification number 0174645 and 0212234 and U.S. Patent number 4,714,082 and 4,756, those described in 318) and is used.

Usually, the carbonaceous parent material that is used to prepare the preferred fuel constituent element should mainly comprise carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.Preferable carbonaceous material is a cellulosic material, and preferably those have the material of height (promptly greater than about 80%) alpha-cellulose content, such as cotton, staple fibre, paper etc.

A kind of particularly preferred high alpha-cellulose parent material is that the hardwood paper stock is such as Buckeye Cellulose Corp., Memphis, TN are produced does not contain talcum level Grande Prairie Canadian Kraft paper (big Pu Lieli Canada brown paper).

The carbon component of fuel of the present invention normally pyrolysis by parent material prepares, pyrolysis be under nonoxidizing atmosphere under certain temperature between about 400 ℃ to about 1300 ℃, and carry out under preferable certain temperature between about 500 ℃ to about 950 ℃, the time of pyrolysis should be enough to guarantee that all fibres cellulosic material reaches desirable carburizing temperature.

Although described pyrolysis can be carried out under a stationary temperature, have now found that, employing increases progressively the rate of heat addition for example with per hour about 1 ℃ to 20 ℃, and is preferably per hour 5 ℃ to 15 ℃ many hours slow pyrolysis of process approximately, can produce the carbon recovery rate of uniform more material and Geng Gao.

After the cooling, carbon dust changed into be preferably fine powder, this powder can be again through pyrolysis for the second time or " fine finishining " step, wherein with the carbonized particles material once more under nonoxidizing atmosphere at about 650 ℃ to about 1250 ℃, and be preferably pyrolysis under certain temperature between about 700 ℃ to 900 ℃.At this moment, carbon has been ready for the fuel constituent element that is configured as smoking product, and this will discuss to it below in more detail.

The component that the catalysis of preferred fuel constituent element is formed comprises the material of the CO content in the mainstream smoke of the smoking product that can be reduced substantially in this fuel constituent element of use when this smoking product being drawn to few 10 mouthfuls of cigarettes under the FTC condition.

A kind of catalysis is preferably formed and is comprised a kind of ceramic material.Terminology used here " ceramic material " comprises oxide, nitride, carbide and boride.Non-oxide ceramic material comprises silicon nitride, aluminium nitride, titanium boride, boron nitride, boron carbide, carborundum, tungsten carbide etc.Preferable ceramic material comprises oxide, such as aluminium oxide, zirconia, titanium oxide, yittrium oxide, silica, phosphate, alumino-silicate and non-crystal oxide material, such as glass and amorphous state ceramic powders.

A kind of particularly preferred ceramic material comprises aluminium oxide (such as the product of oxide hydroxide and oxide hydroxide, such as transitional alumina).The transitional alumina hydroxide that can form as catalysis according to qualifications comprises ⅰ) rudimentary transitional alumina, such as χ, γ and η type aluminium oxide; ⅱ) senior transitional alumina is such as k, δ and θ type aluminium oxide; ⅲ) alpha-type aluminum oxide; ⅳ) β type aluminium oxide is such as sodium aluminate, potassium aluminate, magnesium aluminate and calcium aluminate; ⅴ) the ζ aluminate is such as lithium aluminate, or ⅵ) its mixture.

Although many these aluminium oxide can be in commercial acquisition, for example from W.R.Grace, these aluminium oxide also can make by calcining zirlite, bayerite or boehmite, this is at Oxides and Hydroxides of Alumina, (oxide of aluminium oxide and hydroxide) Alcoa Technical Paper No.19 has obtained description in the 4th chapter of revision (1987).

Usually, can be used to put into practice aluminium oxide of the present invention and have surface area (recording) for greater than about 0.1m by nitrogen BET method ²/ g is preferably greater than about 1.0m ²/ g, the best is greater than about 5.0m ²/ g.

The pore volume of aluminium oxide generally should be greater than about 0.01cc/g, and being preferably greater than about 0.05cc/g the best is greater than about 0.1cc/g, and it is measured by for example nitrogen BET method.

The particle size of aluminium oxide is generally less than about 500 microns, is preferably less than about 100 microns, and is best less than about 30 microns.

Usually, the percetage by weight that aluminium oxide accounts for the fuel constituent element is between about 1 and 60%, is preferably between about 2 and 25%, and the best is between about 4 and 15%.

Best aluminium oxide is the θ-aluminium oxide that comprises the 1-95% Alpha-alumina.A kind of particularly preferred aluminium oxide is produced by W.R.Grace, will be described in more detail it in routine I.

Described catalysis is formed can comprise ceramic material; Especially be aluminium oxide, it can use (for example essentially no reactive metal component) separately, and perhaps it can comprise the second reactive metal component, such as a kind of platinum group metal or following base metal catalysts.When ceramic material was used in combination with this second component, it both can be used as catalysis formed, and also can be used as the carrier of the metal component of catalysis composition.When being used in combination with ceramic material or other carriers, the quantity of platinum group metal or base metal catalysts can change, the type that depends on metal, the metal decentralization on ceramic material, mode, the crystal size of metal, the porosity of carrier and the particle size of carrier that metal adds.Usually, when using with the transitional alumina of preferable amount, this second component accounts for the percetage by weight of ceramic material or other carriers will be less than about 5%, is preferably less than about 3%, best less than about 2%.

According to another preferred embodiment, described catalysis is formed and is comprised the metal component that is selected from platinum group metal or base metal catalysts group, and preferable platinum group metal is selected from platinum, palladium, rhodium, yttrium, ruthenium or its mixture.The group that described preferable base metal catalysts chosen from Fe, manganese, vanadium, copper, nickel, cobalt or its mixture formed.

The catalysis of best platinum group metal (or base metal) catalyst consists of platinum and palladium.

As mentioned above, preferentially make these components be carried on ceramic material such as on a kind of transitional alumina hydroxide.Yet, preferred platinum group metal can be gone in the fuel with the combinations of states of non-loaded body.In this case, the platinum group metal accounts for the percetage by weight of fuel constituent element should be less than about 1.0%, preferably less than 0.5%, best less than about 0.2%.In this smoking product the total amount of platinum group metal be every cigarette preferably less than about 400 micrograms, best less than 280 micrograms.

Can in many ways two kinds of main fuel constituent element one carbonaceous materials and catalysis be formed merging or be configured as fuel.In a preferred embodiment, these components are mixed with the micro-component of adhesive, water and any hope, and adopt extruding or pressure forming process shaping or form the fuel constituent element.

The adhesive that can be used to prepare this fuel constituent element is known in this field.A kind of preferable adhesive is sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC), and it can use (this is preferred) separately, or is used in combination with material such as sodium chloride, vermiculite, bentonite, calcium carbonate etc.Other useful adhesives comprise that natural gum is such as guar gum, other cellulose derivatives such as methylcellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), hydroxypropyl cellulose, starch, alginates and polyvinyl alcohol.

Other materials that can add the fuel constituent element are included in those materials of description in above-mentioned Europe bulletin and the U.S. Patent number 4,714,082 and 4,756,318, and are dim on a small quantity in addition, for example about 10%, can be used as the auxiliary source of carbon.

If desired, can be with the fuel constituent element of carbon containing and adhesive in further about two hours of pyrolysis in nonoxidizing atmosphere after the shaping, so that adhesive is converted into carbon, the temperature of pyrolysis for example is about 450 ℃ to 1100 ℃, is preferably about 850 ℃ to 1000 ℃.This shaping back " baking " step has reduced the sense of taste influence of adhesive to mainstream smoke.

According to another embodiment, described fuel constituent element comprises that the catalysis among the vertical passage that has the carbonaceous material pressure forming piece to small part from least one vertical passage of extend through wherein and be included in carbonaceous material to small part forms.Preferably, described catalysis is formed and is had to small part from least one vertical passage of extend through wherein.Effective especially aspect the CO content of the material catalytic bed that this concentrates in reducing mainstream smoke, because it provides a fixing controllable catalytic bed that concentrates, in the mainstream smoke that enters smoking product, most of combustion product must be from wherein passing through.

Can prepare this fuel that the bed that concentrates is formed in catalysis that has in many ways.For example, comprise that the fuel constituent element of carbonaceous material pressure forming piece can be by such preparation described above.This fuel can have one or more vertical passages, catalysis can be formed with the form of solid-state round bar or cream and preserve into wherein.Described catalysis composition is preferably a kind of platinum group metal that is carried on a kind of preferable alumina support, and perhaps it can be a kind of alumina material itself.Preferably, being included in catalysis among the vertical passage of carbonaceous material pressure forming piece forms and also has to small part from least one vertical passage of extend through wherein.

This kernel/can type fuel constituent element with preferable vertical passage can be shaped by with a suitable mould carbonaceous material being formed co-extrusion pressure with catalysis.

Catalysis can be formed dipping or put on the fuel constituent element that comprises pressure forming carbonaceous material piece with additive method, terminology used here " dipping " means absorption, absorption, infiltration, deposition on it.Alternative is that described fuel constituent element can be formed coating with catalysis.

In this embodiment, described fuel constituent element preferably comprises carbonaceous material pressure forming piece, preferably has to small part from one or more vertical passages of extend through wherein.Described shaping fuel constituent element also can be incorporated into a kind of above-mentioned ceramic material therein.After this, preferably solution being formed in these fuel constituent elements and catalysis contacts.For example, the fuel constituent element with many vertical passages can be contacted with palladium oxide solution, make the surface of its dipping fuel constituent element, comprise the surface of vertical passage.Then,, the platinum group metal can be reduced such as contacting by any suitable method by heating in nitrogen or flow hydrogen gas air-flow or with reducing agent (such as hydrazine or borohydride sodium).

The length of preferred fuel constituent element of the present invention is about 5 to 15mm, is preferably about 8 to 12mm, and diameter is about 2-8, is preferably 4-6mm.Apparent bulk density is preferably greater than 0.85cc/g, is recorded by mercury injection method.

As mentioned above, fuel constituent element of the present invention preferably has one or more longitudinally extending channels.These passages help the control heat from the transfer of fuel constituent element to smog generator, produce sufficient smog from shifting enough heats and make smog form the viewpoint of device degraded with preventing to shift too much heat, and this is important.This passage also helps to provide the convenience of igniting.

In preferable cigarette smoking goods, the fuel constituent element with these characteristics is that the fuel of suction at least about 7 to 10 mouthfuls of cigarettes enough can be provided, and promptly inhales the normal smoking number of times that the Linear Leaf Speedwell cigarette obtains usually under FTC smoking condition.

A kind of preferable cigarette of using catalyst one carbon fuel constituent element of the present invention is shown in this Figure of description 1.With reference to Fig. 1, shown a kind of cigarette among the figure with little carbonaceous fuel constituent element 10 of the passage 11 that wherein contains many preferable arrangements shown in Figure 1A.Can find out that this fuel constituent element is surrounded by the elastic overcoat 16 of heat-insulating fiber such as glass fibre.Another preferred fuel constituent element configuration employing one shown in Figure 1B has the fuel constituent element in seven holes.Have only the catalysis that has of a central passage 11 to form another fuel constituent element configuration of kernel 40 and carbonaceous material shell 42 shown in Fig. 1 C.

Described fuel constituent element 10 can be made up of and (ⅱ) carbon (preferably by carbonizing paper), dim, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC) adhesive, K (ⅰ) catalysis ₂CO ₃Form with the extruding mixture of water, this has mentioned more detailed description below with in above-mentioned patent and the European patent bulletin.

The capsule 12 that holds smog formation material 14 is surrounded by tobacco volume 18, although can adopt other forms of tobacco, this tobacco volume can be used as the cutting inserts.For example, tobacco can be used as reconstituted tobacoo thigh or fringe, reconstruct tobacco, volumetric expansion tobacco, processing tobacco stems or its mixture.Also can adopt extruding tobacco-containing material and other forms of tobacco, such as tobacco extracts, tobacco end etc.Mouth end at the capsule of crimp tube central authorities provides two slit-shaped passages 20.

Mouth end at tobacco volume 18, a mouth end parts 22 is arranged, it is preferable comprise the cylindrical portions may 24 of a cigarette scraps of paper material and smog pass to the user the non-woven thermoplastic fibre part 26 of process, wrap up described goods or its part with one or more layers cigarette paper 30-36.If desired, described mouth end also can be diluted by air.

After above-mentioned smoking product was lighted, fuel constituent element 10 burning produced the heat of the smog generator 12 that is used for volatilizing.During burning, general three kinds of main combustion products, i.e. water, carbon dioxide and the carbon monoxide of producing of described preferable carbon fuel.In the fuel by catalysis form, react in the presence of catalyst by the imperfect combustion of the carbon many carbon monoxide that produce and the airborne oxygen of coming in, and be converted to carbon dioxide.

At last, contain cigarette shape smog a small amount of or that do not have a carbon monoxide and flow out capsules 12 by slit-shaped passage 20, at this moment it mixes with tobacco blending component that tobacco is rolled up.These materials arrive the user subsequently by mouth end parts 22.

Although select the direct placement of catalysis composition in the fuel constituent element according to qualifications, described catalysis is formed also can be placed on other positions of smoking product, thereby makes carbon monoxide be converted into carbon dioxide.With reference to preferable smoking product shown in Figure 1, described catalysis is formed best between fuel constituent element 10 and smog formation material 14, and/or mixes with smog formation material 14, and wherein the catalysis composition is exposed to when smoking under the temperature of rising, for example above about 100 ℃.Also catalysis can be formed and be placed in the fuel constituent element or be placed on other positions.

With reference to following example, below will the invention will be further described, these examples will help to understand the present invention, but should not think that they are limitation ot it.Remove other external declaration, all percentages described here all are percetages by weight.All temperature are all with a degree centigrade expression.Remove in addition and indicate, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are measured with the method for describing in the above-mentioned RJR disquisition.

The example I

The smoking product of type shown in Figure 1 makes in the following manner:

A. fuels sources preparation

By bardwood pulp's carbon (79wt.%), SCMC adhesive (10wt.%), K ₂CO ₃(1wt.%) form two fuel constituent elements (length 10mm, external diameter are 4.5mm) that apparent bulk density is 0.9cc/g of (10wt.%) preparation with catalysis.

It is by zirlite being fired to about 1120 ℃ of θ type alumina powders that make that catalysis in first fuel constituent element is formed.This material can be from Davison Chemical Division of W.R.Grace and Company, Columbia, the Maryland[(U.S.) Colombia city, Maryland State W.R.Grace company cut the gloomy chemical branch of dimension] obtain, its trade mark is SMR-37-35.Recording its surface area by nitrogen BET method is 79m ²/ g, its pore volume is about 0.3cc/g.The powder X-ray line is penetrated and be the analysis showed that, this material is made of 94% θ type aluminium oxide and 6% alpha-type aluminum oxide.Its average particle size particle size is 5.5 microns (volumes).

Catalysis in second fuel constituent element is made up of load has the above-mentioned identical θ alumina powder of palladium (0.5wt.%) to constitute.The material of this load is also by W.R.Grace and Company(W.R.Grace company) provide, its trade mark is SMR-37-35.

Under blanket of nitrogen protection, rise to final carburizing temperature and be 750 ℃ and come carbonization not contain talcum level Grand Prairie Canadian Kraft hardwood paper with about 10 ℃ temperature speed that increases progressively per hour, thereby make bardwood pulp's carbon.

In blanket of nitrogen, be cooled to and be lower than after about 35 ℃, paper carbon is milled to mesh size is-200(U.S.).

Be cooled under blanket of nitrogen again and be lower than after about 35 ℃, paper carbon is milled to fine powder, promptly average particle size particle size is about 0.1 to 50 micron powder.

Weight ratio with afore mentioned rules should thin paper carbon dust and catalysis composition, Hercules 7HF SCMC adhesive and K ₂CO ₃And enough water mixes, thereby makes the dough/pasta shape slurry of stiffness.

Push the fuel constituent element that obtains having seven axial holes by this slurry, the diameter in each hole is approximately 0.6mm.Six holes are evenly distributed in around the fuel constituent element center with 1.6mm sieve radius.The 7th hole is just in time at the center.

Under blanket of nitrogen and 950 ℃, these fuel constituent elements were toasted about 1/2 hour.The final dry weight of two fuel constituent elements is about 150mg.Palladium final weight in the 2nd fuel constituent element is about 0.072mg.

B. spray-drying extract

The mixture of sootiness tobacco is worn into medium powder, in a rustless steel container, extract it with the concentration water of the about 1-1.5 pound of per gallon water tobacco.At room temperature, adopt mechanical agitation, extraction process was carried out about 1 hour to about 3 hours.With the mixture centrifugation, to remove the solid that suspends, by aqueous solution uninterrupted pumping to a conventional spray driers (Anhydro Size No.1) is come the described aqueous extract of spray-drying, its inlet temperature is about 215 °-230 ℃, and dry dusty material is collected in the outlet at drier, and outlet temperature is changed to 90 ℃ from about 82 °.

C. the preparation of sintered alumina

With mesh size be-14 to+0(U.S. by W.R.Grace ﹠amp; Co. (surface area is about 280m to the high surface area alumina that provides ²/ g) be about 1 hour of about 1400 ℃ to 1550 ℃ following sintering at cooking temperature, wash with water and drying.Divide two steps this sintered alumina and batching shown in the table I to be merged with described ratio:

The table I

Aluminium oxide 68.11%

Glycerine 19.50%

Spray-drying extract 8.19%

HFCS（invertose） 3.60%

Cocoa abstract 0.60%

Amount to 100.0%

In first step, spray-dired tobacco extracts is mixed with enough water and form a kind of slurry, then, be distributed on the above-mentioned alumina support by mixing this slurry executed, absorb equably until the oxidized aluminium of slurry.Then with treated aluminium oxide drying, so that moisture is reduced to about 1wt.%.In second step, this mixes treated aluminium oxide with the composition of other listed batchings, be absorbed into alumina support basically up to described liquid.

D. assembling

The capsule that is used for constructing cigarette shown in Figure 1 is got by the deep-draw aluminum, and the average wall thickness of described capsule is about 0.004 inch (0.1mm), and length is about 30mm, and external diameter is about 4.5mm.Lead to (each slotted hole is of a size of 0.65 * 3.45mm, at interval about 1.14mm) two slotted hole shape openings of user except allowing smog form agent, the tail end of container is closed.

The above-mentioned smog of about 330mg produces agent and is used to load described capsule, and openend to the degree of depth of the fuel constituent element that as above prepares being inserted the capsule that is full of is about 3mm.

E. adiabatic overcoat

Use 3%(weight) the pectin adhesive, sentence at the fuel constituent element long 10mm Owens-Corning 6437 glass the glass fibre overcoat with described fuel constituent element-envelope composition wrap up to diameter be about 7.5mm, the trade mark of producing with Kimberly-Clark is that the interior lapping of P78-63-5 wraps up described glass overcoat then.

F. tobacco is rolled up

By inserting the tobacco volume that diameter that a sampler (probe) comes modification to have the P1487-125 paper wrappage that Kimberly-Clark produces is 7.5mm (long be 28mm), make and wherein produce the vertical passage that diameter is about 4.5mm.

G. assembling

Fuel constituent element one envelope composition of jacket is inserted tobacco volume passage, up to the overcoat of heat-insulating material near tobacco.With both surrounding fuel constituent element/adiabatic overcoat/interior parcel composition, surround the outer covering material of the tobacco volume of parcel again, heat-insulating material overcoat and tobacco volume part are linked together.Overwrap is that the trade mark is the Kimberly-Clark paper of P1768-182.

H. mouth end parts assembling

The mouth end parts of type shown in Figure 1 by with following two parts in conjunction with constituting: (ⅰ) length of the folding tobacco sheet material of the described capsule of being wrapped up in by Kimberly-Clark P850-184-2 paper bag of vicinity is 10mm, diameter is that the Partial K imberly-Clark trade mark of 7.5mm is P144-185-GAPF) and (2) trade mark that provides by Kimberly-Clark company of wrapping up in Kimberly-Clark P1487-184-2 paper bag be that the folding non-woven molten length of blowing the thermoplastic materials polypropylene fabric of P-100-F is 30mm, diameter is the cylindrical shape part of 7.5mm.

These two parts are merged in conjunction with wrappage by Kimberly-Clark P850-186-2 paper.

I. finally assembling

Final parcel with the sharp paper of Ecusta 30637-801-12001 point is attached to described merging mouth end parts on the fuel constituent element one capsule part of jacket.

Under the FTC condition, inhale 10 mouthfuls of cigarettes with the gained sample.Its isolated 2 seconds 35ml aerosol spraying when being glowed by 58 seconds constitutes.With mainstream smoke CO and CO ₂Discharge result and control sample and compare, control sample is prepared by identical mode, and difference is that its fuel composition does not comprise catalysis material, i.e. 89% carbon, 10% SCMC and 1%K ₂CO ₃

The mainstream smoke that the fuel constituent element comprises the smoking product of 10 weight % θ aluminium oxide comprises 2.3mg CO and 36mg CO ₂The fuel that contains load on it and have 10% weight % θ aluminium oxide of 0.5% palladium produces one and comprises 1.0mg CO and 36mg CO ₂Mainstream smoke.Described control sample comprises 9.6mg CO and 43mg CO ₂These results illustrate that clearly the fuel with catalysis material discharges the CO of much less.

The example II

Preparing fuel with identical mode described in the example 1, difference is that they comprise 5% weight %207 type aluminium oxide (by Degussa company, Pulan, South Plain field south Field, produce in the NJ New Jersey).The surface area of this aluminium oxide is 344m/g, and pore volume is 0.31cc/g, is recorded by nitrogen BET method, and its particle size is the 2-15 micron.

By being shaped and the fuel of roasting immerses in the acidic salt solution of palladium and palladium is added wherein.The dry weight percentage of the palladium metal on these fuel is 0.05,0.16 and 0.50.Be reduced to metallic state then with fuel constituent element drying, and with palladium.

As example 1 described, this fuel is used for smoking product, and analyzes its CO and CO ₂Amount.

The table II has provided CO and CO ₂The result who analyzes.

The table II

Aluminium oxide CO CO in the fuel in the fuel of palladium ₂

Weight % weight % mg mg

0 0 9.6 43

0 5 6.2 50

0.05 5 4.7 48

0.16 5 4.0 49

0.50 5 2.1 54

These results clearly illustrate that when 5% aluminium oxide added in the fuel constituent element, the CO amount was reduced to 6.2mg from 9.6mg.Yet, when palladium being added to shaping and roasting fuel, can reach further minimizing.By having 0.50%(weight) fuel of palladium, obtained to be low to moderate the CO amount of 2.1mg.

The example III

Make in the following manner and similar smoking product shown in Figure 1, difference is to have being prepared as follows of fuel of carbonaceous material shell and catalysis composition kernel:

Apparent (accumulation) density for the shell (10mm grows, the 4.5mm external diameter) of the fuel constituent element of about 0.86cc/g by bardwood pulp's carbon (89 weight %), SCMC adhesive (10 weight %) and K ₂CO ₃(1 weight %) is prepared from.

Under blanket of nitrogen protection, rise to final carburizing temperature and be 750 ℃ and will do not contain the carbonization of talcum level Grand Prairie Canadian Kraft hardwood paper with about 10 ℃ temperature speed that increases progressively per hour, thereby make bardwood pulp's carbon.

Be cooled under blanket of nitrogen and be lower than after about 35 ℃, described paper carbon is worn into fine powder, promptly average particle size particle size is about 0.1 to 50 micron powder.

Should thin paper carbon dust with above-mentioned weight ratio and Hercules 7HF SCMC adhesive and K ₂CO ₃Mix, and be squeezed into 1) no periphery holes-bore the by hand central single hole (after the roasting) that a diameter is about 2.29mm(0.090 "); 2) diameter is the single medium pore of about 2.29mm(0.090 "); Or 3) diameter is about 0.25mm(0.010 for single medium pore and 6 diameters of about 2.29mm(0.090 ") ") periphery holes.Then after shaping, under blanket of nitrogen and 950 ℃ with these fuel constituent elements calcinings 3 hours.Inner nuclear material is prepared by following manner:

A) following batching is mixed with enough water by hand or in high shear mixer, to make a kind of flowable slurry (for example about 40-50% moisture)

-10% Alpha-alumina and 0.5%Pd

-10% SCMC adhesive

-3%K ₂CO ₃

-5% calcium oxalate

-35% ethyl cellulose

-3% hollow glass microspheres used (70 microns)

-24% carbon

-10% carbonization velveteen

B) inner nuclear material is also as method for preparing, and difference is to use following batching:

-10% Alpha-alumina and 0.5%Pd

-10% CMC

-80% carbon

Prepare A and B for two kinds of kernels, it is the round bar of about 2.24mm(0.088 ") for the diameter of the single central passage of about 1mm that slurry is extruded with diameter.Made the nuclear that pushed at room temperature dry 24 hours, it is long then they to be cut into 10mm, and it is put into the carbon fuel of end calcining by single centre bore.Under blanket of nitrogen, under 950 ℃, this fuel was calcined 3 hours then.

In addition, A and B slurry also put into a syringe and spurt into have single centre bore and the dispensable end calcining of auxiliary periphery holes carbon fuel, with it in blanket of nitrogen and 950 ℃ calcining 3 hours down.

For by to the described similar sample of routine I in the fuel that makes of preparation A, main flow CO for about 2.8mg(under the FTC condition).

For be similar to the described similar sample of routine I in the fuel of preparation B, main flow CO for about 1.3mg(under the FTC condition).

The example IV

Prepare two kinds of fuel constituent elements by the described mode of routine I, difference is that they are by bardwood pulp's carbon (79 weight %), SCMC(10 weight %), K ₂CO ₃(1 weight %) and catalysis are formed (10 weight %) and are made.It is that the trade mark is the Kali-Chemie company of MP-680 that a kind of catalysis of fuel is formed, Greenwich, and the silica that CT. produces, the micro-pore diameter of this material is 0.68mm.It is that the trade mark is UBE-SN-E10 that the catalysis of another fuel is formed, and the diameter that the company of Ube Industries Ltd. of Lot A710-492 produces is about 0.1 micron silicon nitride.These two kinds of fuel constituent elements are made sample to be tested like that by routine I is described.The fuel constituent element sample that comprises silica contains 5.6mg CO and 33mg CO ₂, and the sample that comprises silicon nitride contains 3.1mg CO and 35mg CO ₂Control sample contains 9.6mg CO and 43mg CO ₂

The example V

By the described such fuel for preparing of routine I, difference is that alumina content is from 5%(weight in the fuel) be changed to 25%(weight), described aluminium oxide is Alcoa Chemicals Division of Aluminum Company of Amenica, the A-16 SG type that Pittsburgh PA Pittsburgh provides.The particle size of this aluminium oxide is 0.3 micron to 0.5 micron, and surface area is 10m ²/ g, X-ray diffraction discloses, and this material is an Alpha-alumina.This fuel constituent element is by 10 weight % SCMC, 1 weight % K ₂CO ₃Constitute with remaining 80% bardwood pulp's carbon and aluminium oxide.The alumina content of preparation is 5%, 10%, 15%, 25%(weight), its corresponding concentration of carbon be respectively 84%, 79%, 74% and 64%(weight).Prepare and estimate these fuel constituent elements by the described mode of routine I.

The table II has provided main flow CO and CO ₂Content, and with the control sample that does not comprise aluminium oxide relatively.

The table II

Alumina content is to the influence of CO in the fuel

Aluminium oxide α FTC

% type CO CO ₂

0 contrast 11.7 43

5 A-16 SG(Alcoa), 0.5 micron 6.5 43

10 A-16 SG(Alcoa), 0.5 micron 3.8 43

15 A-16 SG(Alcoa), 0.5 micron 2.6 35

25 A-16 SG(Alcoa), 0.5 micron 2.3 41

The example VI

Make the fuel constituent element by the described mode of routine I, difference is that it comprises 10% trade mark that is obtained by Degussa company is the aluminium oxide of A-1 type, and the surface area of this aluminium oxide is 130m ²/ g, pore volume are 0.17cc/g.When by the powder method of X-ray diffraction analysis, this material shows as amorphous state.

The fuel constituent element that is shaped and calcines is immersed tetraamine palladium nitrate (II) Pd(NH ₃) ₄(NO ₃) ₂0.05% aqueous solution in, described solution also comprises 1.0%Na ₂CO ₃And 0.5%K ₂CO ₃Fuel was flooded 3 hours, with its removal and 300 ℃ of heating, so that the palladium complex is decomposed into metallic state.

Gained fuel is made sample, and like that it is carried out CO and CO by routine I is described ₂Component analysis, the CO that contains in the mainstream smoke of this smoking product amount is 2.4mg, CO ₂Amount is 45mg.The similar fuel of handling without palladium comprises 5.3mg CO.

The example VII

The smoking product that preparation adopts the described similar fuel constituent element of routine I-capsule to arrange, difference are the catalysis composition is immersed on the alumina beads, and are placed near behind the fuel constituent element, and described aluminium oxide floods being prepared as follows of bead:

To be used for high surface area alumina bead that carrier band smog forms material 1000 ℃ of following sintering 1 hour described in the similar routine I, water is its washing and drying, it is sieved is 0.063 by a diameter " perforation stainless steel screen (1.6mm).As follows with 0.6 weight % palladium: with Pd Cl to the dipping of these beads ₂Be dissolved in 50/50 isopropanol; Make bead in this solution, exchange 1 hour, drying, and at Na BH ₄Reduce it in the solution.After described bead through dipping is placed near the fuel constituent element.

Carry by seeing that the graceful infrared analyzer of gram is surveyed, adopt the mainstream smoke of the smoking product of the alumina beads that comprises the 0.2mg palladium after the fuel constituent element to comprise CO less than 2.5mg.

The front is described in detail the present invention, comprises its preferred embodiment.Yet, can expect that the skilled person in this field can make change and/or improvement to the present invention after reference the present invention, but it is still in the scope and spirit of the present invention by following claim regulation.

Claims

1, a kind of fuel constituent element that is used for smoking product is characterized in that it comprises:

A) pressure-formed carbonaceous material material; With

B) catalysis of the CO content in the mainstream smoke that significantly reduces the smoking product that is adopting the fuel constituent element during the burning of fuel constituent element is formed.

2, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described catalysis composition comprises the ceramic material that is selected from oxide, nitride, carbide or boride group.

3, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described ceramic material comprises the oxide that is selected from aluminium oxide, zirconia, titanium dioxide, yittrium oxide, silica, phosphate, alumino-silicate or its mixture group.

4, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that described catalysis composition comprises the aluminium oxide that is selected from oxide hydroxide and transitional alumina group.

5, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that described transitional alumina is by choosing in rudimentary transitional alumina, senior transitional alumina, Alpha-alumina, beta-alumina, ζ-aluminium oxide or its mixture group.

6, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that described rudimentary transitional alumina is selected from χ, γ, η type aluminium oxide, and senior transitional alumina is selected from K, δ and θ type aluminium oxide.

7, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 4, the surface area that it is characterized in that described aluminium oxide is greater than about 0.1m ²/ g.

8, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 4, the surface area that it is characterized in that described aluminium oxide is greater than about 1.0m ²/ g.

9, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 4, the surface area that it is characterized in that described aluminium oxide is greater than about 5.0m ²/ g.

10, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 4, the pore volume that it is characterized in that described aluminium oxide is greater than about 0.01cc/g.

11, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 4, the pore volume that it is characterized in that described aluminium oxide is greater than about 0.05cc/g.

12, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 4, the pore volume that it is characterized in that described aluminium oxide is greater than about 0.1cc/g.

13, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described ceramic material amount accounts for the percetage by weight of fuel constituent element between about 1 and 60%.

14, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described ceramic material amount accounts for the percetage by weight of fuel constituent element between about 2 and 25%.

15, shaping fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described ceramic material amount accounts for the percetage by weight of fuel constituent element between about 4 and 15%.

16, as claim 1,2,3,4,5,13 or 14 described fuel constituent elements is characterized in that described catalysis forms essentially no reactive metal component.

17, as claim 2,3,4 or 5 described fuel constituent elements is characterized in that described catalysis composition further comprises the reactive metal component that is carried on the ceramic material, and wherein said metal component is selected from platinum group metal and base metal group.

18, shaping fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that choosing in the group of described platinum group metal by platinum, palladium, rhodium, yttrium, cobalt or its mixture, chooses in the group of described base metal by iron, manganese, vanadium, copper, nickel, cobalt or its mixture.

19, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that described metal component is the platinum group metal, and the percetage by weight that described platinum group metal amount accounts for carrier is less than about 5%.

20, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that described metal component is the platinum group metal, and the percetage by weight that described platinum group metal amount accounts for carrier is less than about 3%.

21, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that described metal component is the platinum group metal, and the percetage by weight that described platinum group metal amount accounts for carrier is less than about 2%.

22, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described catalysis composition comprises the metal component that is selected from platinum group metal and base metal group.

23, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that choosing in the group of described platinum group metal by platinum, palladium, rhodium, yttrium, ruthenium or its mixture, chooses in the group of described base metal by iron, manganese, vanadium, copper, nickel, cobalt or its mixture.

24, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 23 is characterized in that described metal component is the platinum group metal, and the platinum group metal amount accounts for the percetage by weight of fuel constituent element less than about 1.0%.

25, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 23 is characterized in that described platinum group metal amount accounts for the percetage by weight of fuel constituent element less than about 0.5%.

26, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 23 is characterized in that it is less than about 0.2% that the percetage by weight that accounts for the fuel constituent element is measured in described platinum group metal.

27,, it is characterized in that described fuel contains less than about 280 microgram platinums group metal as claim 23,24 or 25 described fuel constituent elements.

28, as claim 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,10,13,15,16,17,18,19,22,23 or 24 described fuel constituent elements is characterized in that it further comprises to small part at least one vertical passage from wherein extending through.

29, a kind of fuel constituent element that is used for smoking product is characterized in that it comprises:

A) has carbonaceous material pressure forming piece to small part from least one vertical passage of wherein extending through; With

B) catalysis at the CO content of remarkable minimizing in the mainstream smoke of the smoking product of this fuel constituent element of employing during the burning of fuel constituent element that is included in the vertical passage to small part is formed.

30, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 29 is characterized in that described pressure forming piece has many vertical passages that pass therethrough to small part.

31, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 29 is characterized in that described catalysis composition comprises the ceramic material of choosing by in oxide, nitride, carbide or the boride group.

32, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 29 is characterized in that described catalysis forms and have to small part from least one vertical passage of extend through wherein.

33, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 31 is characterized in that described ceramic material comprises a kind of oxide of choosing by in aluminium oxide, zirconia, titanium dioxide, yittrium oxide, silica, phosphate, alumino-silicate or its mixture group.

34, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 33 is characterized in that described catalysis composition comprises the aluminium oxide of choosing by in oxide hydroxide and the filtration aluminium oxide group.

35, shaping fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 34 is characterized in that described transitional alumina is by choosing in rudimentary transitional alumina, senior transitional alumina, Alpha-alumina, beta-alumina, ζ-aluminium oxide or its mixture group.

36, shaping fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 35 is characterized in that described rudimentary transitional alumina is selected from χ, γ, η type aluminium oxide, and described senior transitional alumina is selected from K, δ and θ type aluminium oxide.

37, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 34, the surface area that it is characterized in that described aluminium oxide is greater than about 0.1m ²/ g.

38, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 34, the pore volume that it is characterized in that described aluminium oxide is greater than about 0.01cc/g.

39, as claim 32,33,34,35 or 36 described fuel constituent elements is characterized in that described catalysis composition further comprises the platinum group metal that is carried on the ceramic material.

40, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 39 is characterized in that described platinum group metal is by choosing in platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium or its mixture group.

41, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 40 is characterized in that it is less than about 5% that the percetage by weight that accounts for ceramic material is measured in described platinum group metal.

42, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 41 is characterized in that described metal component is a platinum metal catalysts, and the amount percetage by weight that accounts for ceramic material in platinum group metal is for less than about 3%.

43, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 41 is characterized in that described metal component is a platinum metal catalysts, and the amount percetage by weight that accounts for ceramic material in platinum group metal is for less than about 2%.

44, a kind of fuel constituent element that is used for smoking product is characterized in that it comprises the pressure forming carbonaceous material piece of the catalysis composition dipping of the CO content in the mainstream smoke that can be reduced substantially in the smoking product that adopts this fuel constituent element during being used in the fuel constituent element burns.

45, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 44 is characterized in that it further comprises the ceramic material of choosing by in oxide, nitride, carbide or the boride group.

46, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 45 is characterized in that described ceramic material comprises the oxide of choosing by in aluminium oxide, zirconia, titanium dioxide, yittrium oxide, silica, phosphate, alumino-silicate and the silicon nitride group.

47, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 46 is characterized in that described ceramic material comprises the aluminium oxide of choosing by in oxide hydroxide and the transitional alumina group.

48, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 47, the surface area that it is characterized in that described aluminium oxide is greater than about 0.1m ²/ g.

49, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 47 is characterized in that described pore volume is greater than about 0.01cc/g.

50, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 45 is characterized in that described ceramic material amount accounts for the percetage by weight of described (fuel) constituent element between about 1 and 60%.

51, as claim 44,45,46,47,48,49 or 50 described fuel constituent elements is characterized in that it further comprises to small part to extend through wherein at least one vertical passage.

52, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 51 is characterized in that the surface impregnation of vertical passage is made up of catalysis at least.

53, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 52 is characterized in that described catalysis composition comprises the platinum group metal of choosing by in platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium or its mixture group.

54, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 53 is characterized in that it is less than about 1.0% that the percetage by weight that accounts for the fuel constituent element is measured in described platinum group metal.

55, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 53 is characterized in that it is less than about 0.5% that the percetage by weight that accounts for the fuel constituent element is measured in described platinum group metal.

56, fuel constituent element as claimed in claim 53 is characterized in that it is less than about 0.2% that the percetage by weight that accounts for the fuel constituent element is measured in described platinum group metal.

57, a kind of smoking product is characterized in that it comprises:

A) fuel constituent element, the catalysis that it comprises carbonaceous material pressure forming piece and can be reduced substantially in the CO content in the mainstream smoke of smoking product during fuel constituent element burning is formed; With

B) comprise that smog forms the smog generator that separates on the physics of material.

58, smoking product as claimed in claim 57 is characterized in that described fuel constituent element further comprises the ceramic material of choosing by in oxide, nitride, carbide or the boride group.

59, smoking product as claimed in claim 58 is characterized in that described ceramic material comprises the oxide of choosing by in aluminium oxide, zirconia, titanium dioxide, yittrium oxide, silica, phosphate, alumino-silicate or its mixture group.

60, smoking product as claimed in claim 59 is characterized in that described catalysis composition comprises the aluminium oxide of choosing by in oxide hydroxide and the transitional alumina group.

61, smoking product as claimed in claim 60 is characterized in that described transitional alumina is by choosing in rudimentary filtration aluminium oxide, senior filtration aluminium oxide, Alpha-alumina, beta-alumina, ζ-aluminium oxide or its mixture group.

62, smoking product as claimed in claim 61 is characterized in that described rudimentary filtration aluminium oxide is selected from χ, γ and η type aluminium oxide, and described senior transitional alumina is selected from K, δ and θ type aluminium oxide.

63, smoking product as claimed in claim 60, the surface area that it is characterized in that described aluminium oxide is greater than about 0.1m ²/ g.

64, smoking product as claimed in claim 60, the surface area that it is characterized in that described aluminium oxide is greater than about 1.0m ²/ g.

65, smoking product as claimed in claim 60, the surface area that it is characterized in that described aluminium oxide is greater than about 5.0m ²/ g.

66, smoking product as claimed in claim 60 is characterized in that described alumina pore volume is greater than about 0.01cc/g.

67, smoking product as claimed in claim 60, the pore volume that it is characterized in that described aluminium oxide is greater than about 0.05cc/g.

68, smoking product as claimed in claim 60, the pore volume that it is characterized in that described aluminium oxide is greater than about 0.1cc/g.

69, smoking product as claimed in claim 58 is characterized in that described ceramic material amount accounts for the percetage by weight of fuel constituent element between about 1 and 60%.

70, smoking product as claimed in claim 58 is characterized in that described ceramic material amount accounts for the percetage by weight of fuel constituent element between about 2 and 25%.

71, smoking product as claimed in claim 58 is characterized in that the percetage by weight that described ceramic material amount accounts for the fuel constituent element is between about 4 and 15%.

72, as claim 57,58,59,60,61,69,70 or 71 described smoking products is characterized in that described catalysis forms essentially no reactive metal component.

73, as claim 58,59,60 or 61 described smoking products, it is characterized in that described catalysis form further comprise be carried on the ceramic material by the metal component of choosing in platinum group metal and the base metal group.

74, as the described smoking product of claim 73, it is characterized in that described platinum group metal by choosing in platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium or its mixture group, described base metal is by choosing in iron, manganese, vanadium, copper, nickel, cobalt or its mixture group.

75,, it is characterized in that described metal component is the platinum group metal, and the amount percetage by weight that accounts for carrier in platinum group metal is for less than about 5% as the described smoking product of claim 73.

76,, it is characterized in that described metal component is the platinum group metal, and the amount percetage by weight that accounts for carrier in platinum group metal is for less than about 3% as the described smoking product of claim 73.

77,, it is characterized in that described metal component is the platinum group metal, and the amount percetage by weight that accounts for carrier in platinum group metal is for less than about 2% as the described smoking product of claim 73.

78, as claim 74,75,76 or 77 described smoking products is characterized in that described fuel contains and are less than about 280 microgram platinums group metal.

79, smoking product as claimed in claim 57 is characterized in that described catalysis composition comprises the metal component of choosing by in platinum group metal and the base metal group.

80, as the described smoking product of claim 79, it is characterized in that the platinum group metal chooses from platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium or its mixture group, described base metal is chosen from iron, manganese, vanadium, copper, nickel, cobalt or its mixture group.

81,, it is characterized in that it is less than about 1.0% that the percetage by weight that accounts for the fuel constituent element is measured in described platinum group metal as the described smoking product of claim 79.

82,, it is characterized in that it is less than about 0.5% that the percetage by weight that accounts for the fuel constituent element is measured in described platinum group metal as the described smoking product of claim 79.

83,, it is characterized in that it is less than about 0.2% that the percetage by weight that accounts for the fuel constituent element is measured in described platinum group metal as the described smoking product of claim 79.

84,, it is characterized in that described fuel contains and be less than about 280 microgram platinums group metal as the described smoking product of claim 81,82 or 83.

85, as claim 57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,79,80,81,82,83 or 84 described smoking products is characterized in that it further comprises to small part at least one vertical passage from wherein extending through.

86, a kind of smoking product is characterized in that it comprises:

A) during fuel constituent element burning, can be reduced substantially in the carbonaceous material pressure forming piece that catalysis is formed that is impregnated with of CO content in the smoking product mainstream smoke; With

87,, it is characterized in that described pressure forming carbonaceous material further comprises the ceramic material of choosing by in oxide, nitride, carbide or the boride group as the described smoking product of claim 86.

88,, it is characterized in that described ceramic material is a kind of oxide of choosing by in aluminium oxide, zirconia, titanium dioxide, yittrium oxide, silica, phosphate, alumino-silicate or its mixture group as the described smoking product of claim 87.

89,, it is characterized in that described ceramic material comprises the aluminium oxide of choosing by in oxide hydroxide and the transitional alumina group as the described smoking product of claim 88.

90, as the described smoking product of claim 89, the surface area that it is characterized in that described aluminium oxide is greater than about 0.1m ²/ g.

91, as the described smoking product of claim 89, the pore volume that it is characterized in that described aluminium oxide is greater than about 0.01cc/g.

92,, it is characterized in that described ceramic material amount accounts for the percetage by weight of described constituent element between about 1 and 60% as the described smoking product of claim 88.

93, as claim 86,87,88,89,90,91 or 92 described smoking products is characterized in that described fuel constituent element further comprises to small part at least one vertical passage from wherein extending through.

94,, it is characterized in that the surface impregnation of vertical passage is made up of catalysis at least as the described smoking product of claim 93.

95,, it is characterized in that described catalysis composition comprises the platinum group metal of choosing by in platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium or its mixture group as the described smoking product of claim 94.

96,, it is characterized in that it is less than about 1.0% that the percetage by weight that accounts for the fuel constituent element is measured in described platinum group metal as the described smoking product of claim 95.

97,, it is characterized in that it is less than about 0.5% that the percetage by weight that accounts for the fuel constituent element is measured in described platinum group metal as the described smoking product of claim 95.

98,, it is characterized in that it is less than about 0.2% that the percetage by weight that accounts for the fuel constituent element is measured in described platinum group metal as the described smoking product of claim 95.

99, a kind of smoking product is characterized in that it comprises:

A) carbonaceous fuel constituent element;

B) smog generator that separates on the physics; With

C) form in the catalysis that during smoking, can be reduced substantially in the CO content in the smoking product mainstream smoke between fuel constituent element and the smog generator.

100, a kind of smoking product is characterized in that it comprises:

A) carbonaceous fuel constituent element; With

B) comprise that smog forms material and the smog generator that separates on the physics of the catalysis composition that can reduce the CO content in the smoking product mainstream smoke during the smoking.

101,, it is characterized in that described catalysis composition comprises the ceramic material of choosing by in oxide, nitride, carbide or the boride group as claim 99 or 100 described smoking products.

102,, it is characterized in that described ceramic material comprises the oxide of choosing by in aluminium oxide, zirconia, titanium dioxide, yittrium oxide, silica, phosphate, alumino-silicate or its mixture group as the described smoking product of claim 101.

103,, it is characterized in that described catalysis composition comprises the aluminium oxide of choosing by in oxide hydroxide and the filtration aluminium oxide group as the described smoking product of claim 102.

104,, it is characterized in that described transitional alumina is selected from rudimentary filtration aluminium oxide, senior filtration aluminium oxide, Alpha-alumina, beta-alumina, ζ-aluminium oxide or its mixture as the described smoking product of claim 103.

105, as the described smoking product of claim 103, it is characterized in that described rudimentary transitional alumina chooses from χ, γ and η type aluminium oxide group, described senior transitional alumina is chosen from k, δ and θ type aluminium oxide group.

106, as the described smoking product of claim 105, the surface area that it is characterized in that described aluminium oxide is greater than about 0.1m ²/ g.

107, as the described smoking product of claim 105, the pore volume that it is characterized in that described aluminium oxide is greater than about 0.01cc/g.

108,, it is characterized in that described catalysis constituent comprises the platinum group metal of choosing by in platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium or its mixture group as claim 88 or 89 described smoking products.

109, as claim 57,58,59,63,66,69,79,81,86,87,88,90,92,99 or 100 described smoking products is characterized in that the CO content that is included in the smoking product mainstream smoke is less than about 6mg when 2 second duration of adopting the 35ml aerosol spraying volume that separates by glowing in 58 seconds is drawn to few 10 mouthfuls of cigarettes with described smoking product.

110, as the described smoking product of claim 109, it is characterized in that the CO content that is included in the smoking product mainstream smoke is less than about 4mg when 2 second duration of adopting the 35ml aerosol spraying volume that separates by glowing in 58 seconds is drawn to few 10 mouthfuls of cigarettes with described smoking product.

111, as the described smoking product of claim 109, it is characterized in that the CO content that is included in the smoking product mainstream smoke is less than about 2mg when 2 second duration of adopting the 35ml aerosol spraying volume that separates by glowing in 58 seconds is drawn to few 10 mouthfuls of cigarettes with described smoking product.

112, a kind of preparation is used for the method for the fuel constituent element of smoking product, it is characterized in that it comprises:

A) a kind of carbonaceous material piece that has to small part from least one vertical passage of wherein extending through that is shaped; With

B) the catalysis composition is applied at least a portion fuel constituent element surface.

113,, it is characterized in that described carbonaceous material material has to the many vertical passages of small part from wherein extending through as the described method of claim 112.

114,, it is characterized in that described catalysis composition is applied to the surface of vertical passage at least as claim 112 or 113 described methods.

115,, it is characterized in that described catalysis composition is applied on the carbonaceous material piece by dipping as claim 112 or 113 described methods.

116,, it is characterized in that described carbonaceous material pressure forming piece further comprises the ceramic material of choosing by in oxide, nitride, carbide or the boride group as claim 112 or 113 described methods.

117,, it is characterized in that described ceramic material comprises the oxide of choosing by in aluminium oxide, zirconia, titanium dioxide, yittrium oxide, silica, phosphate, alumino-silicate and the silicon nitride group as the described smoking product of claim 116.

118,, it is characterized in that described ceramic material comprises the aluminium oxide of choosing by in oxide hydroxide and the transitional alumina group as the described method of claim 117.

119, as the described method of claim 118, the surface area that it is characterized in that described aluminium oxide is greater than about 0.1m ²/ g.

120, as the described method of claim 118, the pore volume that it is characterized in that described aluminium oxide is greater than about 0.01cc/g.

121,, it is characterized in that described ceramic material amount accounts for the percetage by weight of described (fuel) constituent element between about 1 and 60% as the described method of claim 118.

122,, it is characterized in that described catalysis composition comprises the platinum group metal of choosing by in platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium or its mixture group as claim 112 or 113 described methods.

123,, it is characterized in that it is less than about 1.0% that the percetage by weight that accounts for the fuel constituent element is measured in described platinum group metal as the described method of claim 122.

124,, it is characterized in that it is less than about 0.5% that the percetage by weight that accounts for the fuel constituent element is measured in described platinum group metal as the described method of claim 121.

125,, it is characterized in that it is less than about 0.2% that the percetage by weight that accounts for the fuel constituent element is measured in described platinum group metal as the described method of claim 121.