CN104659801A - Method for acquiring motor with smooth power - Google Patents
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- H02J3/386—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种获取具有平滑功率的风机的方法，所述方法包括：(1)测定平滑功率风电机组的输出目标值；(2)用输出目标值与风机的实际输出功率的差，得到混合储能系统的补偿目标值；(3)按波动频率划分混合储能系统的补偿目标值；(4)根据混合储能系统的补偿目标值，控制储能系统收发指定功率以有效平抑风机的功率波动。本发明设计的基于多时间尺度的低通功率滤波器算法，可结合不同储能电池荷电状态的电池健康管理需求，在滤除功率波动高频成分的同时，保证电池荷电状态稳定在电池健康管理需求的正常范围内。
The invention relates to a method for obtaining a fan with smooth power, the method comprising: (1) measuring the output target value of the smooth power wind turbine; (2) using the difference between the output target value and the actual output power of the fan to obtain a mixed The compensation target value of the energy storage system; (3) Divide the compensation target value of the hybrid energy storage system according to the fluctuation frequency; (4) According to the compensation target value of the hybrid energy storage system, control the energy storage system to send and receive the specified power to effectively stabilize the power of the wind turbine fluctuation. The low-pass power filter algorithm based on multi-time scales designed by the present invention can combine the battery health management requirements of different energy storage battery states of charge, while filtering out high-frequency components of power fluctuations, to ensure that the state of charge of the battery is stable at the same time as the battery Within the normal range of health management needs.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种风机，具体讲涉及一种获取具有平滑功率的风机的方法。The invention relates to a fan, in particular to a method for obtaining a fan with smooth power.
背景技术Background technique
风力发电因为其清洁性和经济性被认为是未来最具发展潜力的能源，但是因为风能是一种间歇性能源且风速预测存在一定的误差，因此风力发电系统的输出功率会随着风速的变化而波动，具有随机性和间歇性的特性。为了减小风力发电对当地电网的影响，必须使风力发电的输出的有功功率平滑。目前常用的方法是在风力发电系统中并入电池储能系统来平抑风力发电输出有功功率的波动，从而实现风力发电系统输出的有功功率平滑。储能装置虽然可在一定程度上起到抑制可再生能源输出功率波动的作用，但是由于当前电池技术的局限，很难用单一储能装置来同时满足寿命与成本两方面的要求，对此，研究混合储能系统的功率平滑方法是非常有意义的。Because of its cleanliness and economy, wind power is considered to be the energy source with the most development potential in the future. However, because wind energy is an intermittent energy source and there are certain errors in wind speed prediction, the output power of the wind power generation system will change with the wind speed. And fluctuations are random and intermittent. In order to reduce the impact of wind power generation on the local grid, it is necessary to smooth the output active power of wind power generation. At present, the commonly used method is to incorporate a battery energy storage system into the wind power generation system to stabilize the fluctuation of the active power output by the wind power generation system, so as to realize the smoothness of the active power output by the wind power generation system. Although the energy storage device can play a role in suppressing the fluctuation of the output power of renewable energy to a certain extent, due to the limitations of the current battery technology, it is difficult to use a single energy storage device to meet the requirements of life and cost at the same time. In this regard, It is very meaningful to study power smoothing methods for hybrid energy storage systems.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提出一种获取具有平滑功率的风机的方法。液流和锂离子两种电池储能系统接入风机的输出端，设计了基于多时间尺度的功率滤波器算法，可结合两种储能电池荷电状态的电池健康管理需求，在滤除功率波动的同时，保证电池荷电状态稳定在电池健康管理需求的正常范围内。将混合电池储能系统接入到风电场的公共节点处，通过将能量型电池系统、功率型电池系统与风电机组集成，利用混合储能系统对并网风电机组的输出功率进行平滑，根据混合储能系统的补偿目标值，控制储能系统对功率波动进行补偿，改善风电机组的输出特性和可控性。其中功率型电池储能系统主要用于平滑风电场的短期波动，能量型电池系统主要用于根据风电场预测的出力曲线，配合辅助输出，平滑风电场的长周期波动。Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a method for obtaining a fan with smooth power. Two battery energy storage systems, liquid flow and lithium ion, are connected to the output end of the fan, and a power filter algorithm based on multi-time scales is designed, which can combine the battery health management requirements of the state of charge of the two energy storage batteries, and filter power While fluctuating, ensure that the battery state of charge is stable within the normal range required by battery health management. Connect the hybrid battery energy storage system to the public node of the wind farm. By integrating the energy battery system and power battery system with the wind turbine, the hybrid energy storage system is used to smooth the output power of the grid-connected wind turbine. According to the hybrid The compensation target value of the energy storage system controls the energy storage system to compensate for power fluctuations and improves the output characteristics and controllability of the wind turbine. Among them, the power type battery energy storage system is mainly used to smooth the short-term fluctuation of the wind farm, and the energy type battery system is mainly used to smooth the long-term fluctuation of the wind farm according to the predicted output curve of the wind farm and cooperate with auxiliary output.
本发明的目的是采用下述技术方案实现的：The object of the present invention is to adopt following technical scheme to realize:
一种获取具有平滑功率的风机的方法，其改进之处在于，所述方法包括：A method of obtaining a fan with smooth power, the improvement is that the method includes:
(1)测定平滑功率风电机组的输出目标值；(1) Determining the output target value of the smooth power wind turbine;
(2)用输出目标值与风机的实际输出功率的差，得到混合储能系统的补偿目标值；(2) Use the difference between the output target value and the actual output power of the fan to obtain the compensation target value of the hybrid energy storage system;
(3)按波动频率划分混合储能系统的补偿目标值；(3) Divide the compensation target value of the hybrid energy storage system according to the fluctuation frequency;
(4)根据混合储能系统的补偿目标值，控制储能系统收发指定功率以有效平抑风机的功率波动。(4) According to the compensation target value of the hybrid energy storage system, the energy storage system is controlled to send and receive the specified power to effectively stabilize the power fluctuation of the wind turbine.
优选的，所述步骤(1)包括将风电机组的输出功率引入一阶惯性环节，在风力发电机并网侧对风电输出有功功率进行平滑功率计算，采用时间常数实现风电平滑滤波，获取平滑后的输出目标值。Preferably, the step (1) includes introducing the output power of the wind turbine into the first-order inertial link, performing smooth power calculation on the wind power output active power at the grid-connected side of the wind turbine, and using a time constant to realize wind power smoothing filtering, and obtain the smoothed output target value.
优选的，所述步骤(3)包括将混合储能系统的补偿目标值按照波动频率化分为尖峰波动功率、稳态波动功率和频繁往复性功率波动；Preferably, the step (3) includes dividing the compensation target value of the hybrid energy storage system into peak fluctuation power, steady state fluctuation power and frequent reciprocating power fluctuation according to the fluctuation frequency;
其包括由风速瞬时大幅度增大或减小引起的功率波动幅值大的尖峰波动功率、由风速持续增大或减小引起的稳态波动功率；和由风速快速往复变化引起频繁往复性功率波动。It includes peak fluctuating power with large power fluctuations caused by instantaneous large-scale increases or decreases in wind speed, steady-state fluctuating power caused by continuous increases or decreases in wind speed; and frequent reciprocating power caused by rapid reciprocating changes in wind speed fluctuation.
优选的，所述步骤(4)包括Preferably, said step (4) includes
由液流电池负责平滑频繁往复性功率波动，补偿风电输出功率中的高频波动分量；The liquid flow battery is responsible for smoothing frequent reciprocating power fluctuations and compensating for high-frequency fluctuation components in wind power output power;
稳态波动功率由锂离子电池储能系统来进行功率平滑，用于补偿风电输出功率中的低频波动分量；The steady-state fluctuation power is smoothed by the lithium-ion battery energy storage system, which is used to compensate the low-frequency fluctuation component in the wind power output power;
对于尖峰波动功率，在储能系统就地控制器的多尺度功率滤波算法中进行限值管理根据输入目标信号的限值的大小来调节储能变流器的充、放电过程，用以平滑尖峰。For the peak fluctuating power, limit value management is performed in the multi-scale power filtering algorithm of the local controller of the energy storage system. According to the limit value of the input target signal, the charging and discharging process of the energy storage converter is adjusted to smooth the peak. .
优选的，所述步骤(4)包括Preferably, said step (4) includes
当风力发电机输出功率高于系统输出功率参考值时，将多余能量存储在储能设备中；当发电机输出功率低于系统输出功率参考值时，将储能设备中存贮的能量释放出来为电网提供功率支撑，其中，参考值通常由系统容量和所在电网系统调度指令决定。When the output power of the wind turbine is higher than the system output power reference value, the excess energy is stored in the energy storage device; when the generator output power is lower than the system output power reference value, the energy stored in the energy storage device is released Provide power support for the grid, where the reference value is usually determined by the system capacity and the dispatching command of the grid system where it is located.
优选的，所述步骤(4)包括保证储能系统的各种电池的荷电状态保持在正常范围内，避免过度充/放电，可有效延长电池系统使用寿命。Preferably, the step (4) includes ensuring that the state of charge of various batteries of the energy storage system is kept within a normal range, avoiding overcharging/discharging, and effectively prolonging the service life of the battery system.
与现有技术比，本发明的有益效果为：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明设计的基于多时间尺度的低通功率滤波器算法，可结合不同储能电池荷电状态的电池健康管理需求，在滤除功率波动高频成分的同时，保证电池荷电状态稳定在电池健康管理需求的正常范围内。The low-pass power filter algorithm based on multi-time scales designed by the present invention can combine the battery health management requirements of different energy storage battery states of charge, while filtering out high-frequency components of power fluctuations, to ensure that the state of charge of the battery is stable at the same time as the battery Within the normal range of health management needs.
本发明采取基于液流电池和锂离子电池的有源并联混合储能系统，在风力发电机并网侧对风电输出有功功率进行平滑，通过将锂离子电池系统、液流电池系统与风电机组集成，利用混合储能系统对并网风电机组输出平滑改善，提高风电机组的输出特性和出力可控性。其中液流电池储能系统主要用于平滑风电场的短期波动，锂离子电池系统主要用于根据风电场预测的出力曲线，配合辅助输出，平滑风电场的长周期波动，使风电输出与事先预测接近一致，提高风力风电的输出可信度。本发明设计的基于多时间尺度的低通功率滤波器算法，可结合不同储能电池荷电状态的电池健康管理需求，在滤除功率波动高频成分的同时，保证电池荷电状态稳定在电池健康管理需求的正常范围内。The present invention adopts an active parallel hybrid energy storage system based on liquid flow batteries and lithium-ion batteries, smoothes the active power output by wind power on the grid-connected side of the wind power generator, and integrates the lithium-ion battery system, the liquid flow battery system and the wind turbine , use the hybrid energy storage system to smoothly improve the output of the grid-connected wind turbine, and improve the output characteristics and output controllability of the wind turbine. Among them, the liquid flow battery energy storage system is mainly used to smooth the short-term fluctuations of the wind farm, and the lithium-ion battery system is mainly used to smooth the long-term fluctuations of the wind farm according to the predicted output curve of the wind farm and cooperate with the auxiliary output, so that the wind power output is consistent with the previous forecast. It is close to the same, improving the reliability of wind power output. The low-pass power filter algorithm based on multi-time scales designed by the present invention can combine the battery health management requirements of different energy storage battery states of charge, while filtering out high-frequency components of power fluctuations, to ensure that the state of charge of the battery is stable at the same time as the battery Within the normal range of health management needs.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明提供的一种获取具有平滑功率的风机的方法结构图。Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a method for obtaining a fan with smooth power provided by the present invention.
图2为本发明提供的一种风机功率平滑控制原理图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of fan power smooth control provided by the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步的详细说明。The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1所示，为接入电池储能系统的风电系统结构图。本发明采取基于液流电池和锂离子电池的有源并联混合储能系统，在风力发电机并网侧对风电输出有功功率进行平滑，通过将锂离子电池系统、液流电池系统与风电机组集成，利用混合储能系统对并网风电机组输出平滑改善，提高风电机组的输出特性和出力可控性。储能变换器由三相可控整流桥、滤波电容构成，用于控制储能系统的有功输出；储能变换器通过调节网侧的d轴和q轴电流，控制储能系统的电流和流向，实现有功和无功的解耦控制。液流电池储能系统主要用于平滑风电场的短期波动，锂离子电池系统主要用于根据风电场预测的出力曲线，配合辅助输出，平滑风电场的长周期波动，使风电输出与事先预测接近一致，提高风力风电的输出可信度。As shown in Figure 1, it is a structural diagram of a wind power system connected to a battery energy storage system. The present invention adopts an active parallel hybrid energy storage system based on liquid flow batteries and lithium-ion batteries, smoothes the active power output by wind power on the grid-connected side of the wind power generator, and integrates the lithium-ion battery system, the liquid flow battery system and the wind turbine , use the hybrid energy storage system to smoothly improve the output of the grid-connected wind turbine, and improve the output characteristics and output controllability of the wind turbine. The energy storage converter is composed of a three-phase controllable rectifier bridge and a filter capacitor, and is used to control the active output of the energy storage system; the energy storage converter controls the current and flow direction of the energy storage system by adjusting the d-axis and q-axis currents on the grid side , to achieve decoupling control of active and reactive power. The liquid flow battery energy storage system is mainly used to smooth the short-term fluctuations of the wind farm, and the lithium-ion battery system is mainly used to smooth the long-term fluctuations of the wind farm according to the predicted output curve of the wind farm and cooperate with the auxiliary output, so that the wind power output is close to the previous prediction Consistent, improve the reliability of wind power output.
如图2所示为风机功率平滑的控制原理图。功率平滑算法的步骤如下：Figure 2 shows the schematic diagram of fan power smoothing control. The steps of the power smoothing algorithm are as follows:
步骤一，将SCIG风电机组的输出功率引入一阶惯性环节获取平滑后的输出目标值Oo(s)；Step 1: Introduce the output power of the SCIG wind turbine into the first-order inertia link Obtain the smoothed output target value Oo(s);
步骤二，将输出目标值与风机的实际输出功率作差，得到混合储能系统的补偿目标值Ho(s)；Step 2: Make a difference between the output target value and the actual output power of the fan to obtain the compensation target value Ho(s) of the hybrid energy storage system;
步骤三，将风电功率波动(即储能系统的补偿目标值)按照波动频率分为三部分：尖峰波动功率、稳态波动功率和频繁往复性功率波动，由此计算出液流电池储能系统和锂离子电池风电功率波动，以及补偿值的限值；Step 3: Divide wind power fluctuations (that is, the compensation target value of the energy storage system) into three parts according to the fluctuation frequency: peak fluctuation power, steady-state fluctuation power and frequent reciprocating power fluctuations, and thus calculate the flow battery energy storage system and lithium-ion battery wind power fluctuations, as well as the limits of compensation values;
(1)尖峰波动功率。由于风速瞬时大幅度增大或减小引起的功率波动幅值大，但所占的比重很小(持续时间较少)，能量波动较小；(1) Peak fluctuation power. Due to the instantaneous large increase or decrease in wind speed, the power fluctuation amplitude is large, but the proportion is small (less duration), and the energy fluctuation is small;
(2)稳态波动功率。由风速持续增大或减小引起的。的幅度很小，但所占比重很大，持续时间长，能量波动很大；(2) Steady-state fluctuating power. Caused by a sustained increase or decrease in wind speed. The amplitude is small, but the proportion is large, the duration is long, and the energy fluctuation is large;
(3)频繁往复性功率波动。由风速快速往复变化引起；(3) Frequent reciprocating power fluctuations. Caused by rapid reciprocating changes in wind speed;
对于这三类功率波动，并结合前面液流电池和锂离子电池各自的寿命以及成本特点，由液流电池负责平滑频繁往复性功率波动，补偿风电输出功率中的高频波动分量；而稳态波动功率由锂离子电池储能系统来进行功率平滑，主要用来补偿风电输出功率中的低频波动分量；对于尖峰波动功率，在控制器中进行限值管理，以避免过大的电流变化损坏电池系统；电池储能系统采用直接功率控制，对瞬时功率进行前馈解耦，用以快速响应控制命令。For these three types of power fluctuations, combined with the life and cost characteristics of the previous flow batteries and lithium-ion batteries, the flow batteries are responsible for smoothing frequent reciprocating power fluctuations and compensating for high-frequency fluctuations in wind power output power; while steady-state The fluctuating power is smoothed by the lithium-ion battery energy storage system, which is mainly used to compensate the low-frequency fluctuating components in the output power of wind power; for the peak fluctuating power, limit value management is performed in the controller to avoid damage to the battery due to excessive current changes system; the battery energy storage system adopts direct power control, and performs feed-forward decoupling on instantaneous power to quickly respond to control commands.
步骤四，根据混合储能系统的补偿目标值，控制储能系统对功率波动进行补偿。当风力发电机输出功率高于系统输出功率参考值时，把多余的能量存储在储能设备中；当发电机输出功率低于系统输出功率参考值时，可把储能设备中存贮的能量释放出来为电网提供功率支撑。通过这种方式将能够有效地平抑风电机组输出功率的波动，使风电系统输出较为平滑的有功功率。Step 4: According to the compensation target value of the hybrid energy storage system, the energy storage system is controlled to compensate the power fluctuation. When the output power of the wind turbine is higher than the system output power reference value, the excess energy is stored in the energy storage device; when the generator output power is lower than the system output power reference value, the energy stored in the energy storage device can be stored Released to provide power support for the grid. In this way, the fluctuation of the output power of the wind turbine can be effectively stabilized, so that the wind power system can output relatively smooth active power.
同时保证储能系统的各种电池的荷电状态保持在正常范围内，避免过度充/放电，可有效延长电池系统使用寿命。At the same time, ensure that the state of charge of various batteries in the energy storage system is kept within the normal range, avoid excessive charging/discharging, and effectively prolong the service life of the battery system.
最后应当说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制，所属领域的普通技术人员参照上述实施例依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换，这些未脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换，均在申请待批的本发明的权利要求保护范围之内。Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Those of ordinary skill in the art can still modify or equivalently replace the specific implementation methods of the present invention with reference to the above embodiments. Any modifications or equivalent replacements departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are within the protection scope of the claims of the pending application of the present invention.
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