CN104655870A - Speed measurement method and device adopting light ray interferometer - Google Patents
Speed measurement method and device adopting light ray interferometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104655870A CN104655870A CN201510098752.0A CN201510098752A CN104655870A CN 104655870 A CN104655870 A CN 104655870A CN 201510098752 A CN201510098752 A CN 201510098752A CN 104655870 A CN104655870 A CN 104655870A
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Abstract
The invention provides a speed measurement method and device adopting a light ray interferometer. The light interferometer of the device comprises a closed cavity and a hollow cavity, wherein the light ray transmission direction of the hollow cavity is parallel to an object moving direction, and an optical path difference of light rays is generated in the hollow cavity. The device is mounted on a measured object, and the optical path difference and the object moving speed have a proportional relation. A light ray receiving device is mounted on an interference screen, and the optical path difference is measured. A microprocessor is used for performing programming logic operation, and the object moving speed is calculated reversely. Three devices constitute an x-y-z three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system and can measure the moving speeds of the object in x axis, y axis and z axis. The device can be used as a navigator and applied to a spaceship, an airplane, a rocket, a missile, a steamship, an automobile and a train for moving speed measurement.
Description
Technical field
Disclosure invention is a kind of speed measurement method and device of using light interference instrument, belongs to electroporation field.
Background technology
The principle of work of apparatus of the present invention utilizes light interference instrument to produce optical path difference, has the relation of direct ratio according to the movement velocity of instrument and the optical path difference of light interference instrument, and proportional according to the mobile quantity of optical path difference and interference fringe.Measure the mobile quantity of interference fringe with light receiver device, feed back to microprocessor and calculate optical path difference, reverse push calculates the movement velocity of instrument.Instrumentation and testing object is fixed on together, just can measures the movement velocity of object.There is no mechanical drive between this device and the object of measurement, without friction, lossless, the precision measuring moving object speed can be improved greatly.
Summary of the invention
Disclosure invention uses light launcher, spectroscope, reflective mirror, closed cavity, hollow cavity, interference screen, light receiver device, microprocessor, power supply, by spectroscope, reflective mirror, closed cavity, hollow cavity composition Sagnac annular light path, light receiver device installed by interference screen.
Handle assembly is installed and is fixed on the object of measurement, makes the direction of motion of the light transmition direction of hollow cavity 7 and object parallel to each other.
The disclosure invents the technical scheme adopted:
Sagnac annular light path is formed with spectroscope 2, catoptron 3, catoptron 4, catoptron 5, closed cavity 6, hollow cavity 7.
Light launcher 1 launches that fixed frequency is f, wavelength is the laser of λ, is divided into 2 road light by spectroscope 2, light path a from spectroscope 2, catoptron 5, catoptron 4, catoptron 3, spectroscope 2, interfere screen 8 to be propagated; Light path b propagates from spectroscope 2, catoptron 3, catoptron 4, catoptron 5, spectroscope 2, interference screen 8.2 road light produce optical path difference at hollow cavity 7.
Light transmition direction in hollow cavity 7 and the direction of motion 10 of object parallel to each other.The length of hollow cavity 7 is L, and the velocity of propagation of light in the medium of hollow cavity 7 is c, and the movement velocity of object is v.
Light path a is at the travel-time t of hollow cavity
1for:
Light path b is at the travel-time t of hollow cavity
2for:
The optical path difference ξ of light path a, light path b is:
The optical path difference of light path a, light path b produces bright, dark interference fringe on interference screen, measures the light intensity change of interference fringe, bright, half-light signal are changed into electric signal and export with the light receiver device of interfering on screen.When light receiver device occurring bright fringe, exporting electric signal is 1; When light receiver device occurring dark fringe, exporting electric signal is 0.Light receiver device often occurs a bright fringe, be designated as mobile 1 striped, light receiver device just exports an electric signal 1, feeds back to microprocessor and to add up the electric signal that light receiver device exports, just can calculate the mobile quantity of interference fringe.Light receiver device output N number of be 1 electric signal, illustrate interfere screen on move N bar bright fringe.Wavelength of light is λ, and the optical path difference of interfering screen above to receive is:
According to equation:
Solve an equation:
Microprocessor carries out programmed logic computing according to formula, parameter, just can calculate the movement velocity of object, feed back to display, display operation result.
With 3 such device composition xyz three-dimensional cartesian coordinate systems, carry out logical operation with microprocessor, just can measure object in the direction of motion of the x-axis of solid space, y-axis, z-axis and movement velocity.
This device is arranged on the object of rotation, makes the sense of rotation of the light transmition direction of hollow cavity and rotating object parallel to each other, just can measure the linear velocity v of measurement point.If the centre distance of measurement point and rotating object is R, according to formula:
Just can calculate the angular velocity of rotation ω of rotating object.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the floor map that this device is implemented.
Fig. 2 is the floor map of another embodiment that this device is implemented.
In figure: light launcher 1, spectroscope 2, reflective mirror 3, reflective mirror 4, reflective mirror 5, closed cavity 6, hollow cavity 7, interference screen 8, light receiver device 9, movement direction of object 10.
Embodiment:
See accompanying drawing 1, be arranged on by device on the object of measurement, the direction of motion 10 of the light transmition direction of hollow cavity 7 and the object of measurement is parallel to each other.
Measure the length of hollow cavity 7, be designated as L, input microprocessor is preserved.
The medium light velocity c of hollow cavity 7, wavelength of light λ input microprocessor are preserved.
To microprocessor according to formula
programme, by length L, light velocity c, wavelength X loading routine, microprocessor calculates according to the moving interference fringes quantity N measured.
When object rest, what interference screen 8 occurred is bright fringe, and light receiver device 9 exports electric signal 1 to microprocessor, and microprocessor starts to count armed state.
When object of which movement, interfere on screen 8 and occur bright, dark interference fringe.According to the size of movement velocity, it is mobile that interference fringe produces bright, dark change.When dark fringe appears in light receiver device 9, export electric signal " 0 " and feed back to microprocessor, when bright fringe appears in light receiver device 9, export electric signal " 1 " and feed back to microprocessor, the quantity of microprocessor accumulated counts electric signal " 1 ".Microprocessor adds up the output electric signal " N " of light receiver device, carries out calculation by program, calculates the movement velocity of object, feed back to display display result of calculation.
In another embodiment of Fig. 2, hollow cavity 7 is unlimited cavitys, and the medium of inside and outside of cavity can circulate freely, exchange.At this, when optical path difference calculates, will the light velocity of operative installations surrounding medium, microprocessor carries out calculation by program according to formula, parameter, calculates the movement velocity of object.
Claims (10)
1. use speed measurement method and the device of light interference instrument, it is characterized in that, it mainly comprises:
---light launcher, launch the laser of fixed frequency, wavelength;
---interferometer, for generation of optical path difference;
---hollow cavity, for light transmition;
---closed cavity, for light transmition;
---interfere screen, for showing interference fringe;
---light receiver device, interfering the upper interference fringe light intensity light and shade change of screen for receiving, transferring the change of the light intensity of interference fringe to electric signal;
---electronic equipment, this device needs to use microprocessor, display, power supply, carries out programmed logic computing with microprocessor, and feed back to display display result of calculation, power supply provides electric energy for package unit.
2. a kind of device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, hollow cavity is a regular length, can propagates the object of the hollow of light, and hollow cavity has 2 kinds of forms:
The cavity of the 1st kind of form is airtight, and high vacuum is pumped in inside;
2nd kind of form is cavity is unlimited, and the medium of inside cavity and containment portion can circulate freely, exchange.
3. a kind of device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, closed cavity is a regular length, the airtight cavity that is full of not flowable media, can propagates light, and cavity is sealing, and the inside and outside medium of cavity can not circulate freely, exchange.
4. a kind of device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the optical routing 2 part composition of interferometer, a part of light path is that light is propagated in closed cavity, another part light path is that light is propagated in hollow cavity, the light transmition direction of hollow cavity is parallel to each other with the direction of motion measuring object, and the optical path difference of interferometer is that light produces in hollow cavity.
5. a kind of device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, light receiver device is arranged on interferes on screen, measure the light intensity light and shade change interfering the upper interference fringe of screen, be converted into electric signal to export, when light receiver device occurring bright fringe, output is the electric signal of 1; When light receiver device occurring dark fringe, output is the electric signal of 0, and light receiver device often exports the electric signal that 1 time is 1, and representative interferes screen to move 1 interference fringe, by the mobile quantity of microprocessor records interference fringe.
6. a kind of device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, package unit is fixed on the object of measurement, the laser of fixed frequency, wavelength is launched with light launcher, produce optical path difference with interferometer, use light receiver device measurement of optical path difference, carry out programmed logic computing with microprocessor according to specific formula, parameter, calculate the movement velocity of object, computing formula is:
V is the movement velocity of object, and L is the length of hollow cavity, and c is light transmition speed, and N is the mobile quantity of bright or dark interference fringe, and λ is wavelength of light.
7. a kind of device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, laser instrument, interferometer, light receiver device, microprocessor, liquid crystal display, power supply can modularization as a whole, be fixed together with measurement object, the light transmition direction of interferometer hollow cavity and the direction of motion installation parallel to each other of measurement object.
8. a kind of device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this device can make an independently modular entirety, can pull down, be installed on other object from an object.
9. a kind of device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, medium is static, and device moves, this measurement device be the movement velocity of device; Medium motion, device is static, this measurement device be the movement velocity of medium, with 3 such device composition xyz three-dimensional cartesian coordinate systems, the movement velocity of object in x-axis, y-axis, z-axis direction and direction can be measured.
10. a kind of device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, interferometer is arranged on rotating object, make the sense of rotation of the light transmition direction of hollow cavity and rotating object parallel to each other, the linear velocity of rotating object mounting points can be measured, also can measure the angular velocity of rotation of rotating object.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510098752.0A CN104655870B (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2015-03-06 | Use the speed measurement method and device of light interference instrument |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510098752.0A CN104655870B (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2015-03-06 | Use the speed measurement method and device of light interference instrument |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104655870A true CN104655870A (en) | 2015-05-27 |
| CN104655870B CN104655870B (en) | 2019-01-11 |
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| CN201510098752.0A Active CN104655870B (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2015-03-06 | Use the speed measurement method and device of light interference instrument |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107957254A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-04-24 | 安徽理工大学 | Measure the experimental provision of numerically controlled machine Instantaneous center and definite method |
| CN108008143A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-08 | 西安工业大学 | A kind of laser velocimeter devices and methods therefor of bullet exit portal speed |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85104475A (en) * | 1985-06-07 | 1987-02-04 | 浙江大学 | Measure the optical interferometer that solid surface velocity changes |
| JP2002048810A (en) * | 2000-08-02 | 2002-02-15 | Canon Inc | Speedometer for flying object |
| CN2570792Y (en) * | 2002-08-06 | 2003-09-03 | 复旦大学 | Multiple-testing total fibre-optical velocity interference apparatus |
| CN1856746A (en) * | 2003-08-26 | 2006-11-01 | Ut-巴特勒有限责任公司 | Spatial-heterodyne interferometry for transmission (SHIRT) measurements |
-
2015
- 2015-03-06 CN CN201510098752.0A patent/CN104655870B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85104475A (en) * | 1985-06-07 | 1987-02-04 | 浙江大学 | Measure the optical interferometer that solid surface velocity changes |
| JP2002048810A (en) * | 2000-08-02 | 2002-02-15 | Canon Inc | Speedometer for flying object |
| CN2570792Y (en) * | 2002-08-06 | 2003-09-03 | 复旦大学 | Multiple-testing total fibre-optical velocity interference apparatus |
| CN1856746A (en) * | 2003-08-26 | 2006-11-01 | Ut-巴特勒有限责任公司 | Spatial-heterodyne interferometry for transmission (SHIRT) measurements |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108008143A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-08 | 西安工业大学 | A kind of laser velocimeter devices and methods therefor of bullet exit portal speed |
| CN108008143B (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2023-09-05 | 西安工业大学 | Laser speed measuring device and method for speed of bullet exit |
| CN107957254A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-04-24 | 安徽理工大学 | Measure the experimental provision of numerically controlled machine Instantaneous center and definite method |
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| CN104655870B (en) | 2019-01-11 |
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