CN104655589A - Device and method for testing continuously adjustable optical path and capacity particle extinction coefficient - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a device for testing a continuously adjustable optical path and capacity particle extinction coefficient. The device comprises a smoke chamber, a particle sprayer and a stirring fan, wherein the smoke chamber is a cuboid-shaped cavity chamber, and the top wall, the bottom wall, the left side wall, the right side wall and the rear side wall of the smoke chamber are fixed chamber walls; distance scales which take the rear side wall as the starting point are respectively marked on the left side wall and the right side wall; a sliding rail is arranged at the joints of the left side wall and the right side wall and the top wall and the bottom wall, and the front side wall is a sliding door type chamber wall and is in sliding fit with the sliding rails; and detection windows formed face to face are respectively formed in the front side wall, the rear side wall, the left side wall and the right side wall of the smoke chamber. The invention also provides a method for testing the continuously adjustable optical path and capacity particle extinction coefficient. According to the device and the method disclosed by the invention, a conventional smoke chamber experimental system with a fixed optical path, large size and high sample consumption is replaced, the objectivity and the accuracy of the test result are improved, and the testing universality is enhanced.

Description

Light path and volume continuous adjustable particle extinction coefficient proving installation and method

Technical field

The present invention relates to particulate and smoke particles extinction coefficient technical field of measurement and test, specifically a kind of light path and volume continuous adjustable particle extinction coefficient proving installation and method.

Background technology

Gasoloid or smoke particles are called delustring generally to the absorption of electromagnetic radiation and scatter attenuation, studying these particles to the electromagnetic photoextinction of specific band, all there is vital role to describing the electromagnetic transmission characteristic of air, air cleanliness factor and the Extinction Characteristic of specified particle to specific electromagnetic wave.

Mass extinction coefficient refers to the aerocolloidal dead area of unit mass, and for characterizing the capacity of water that particulate is decayed to electromagnetic radiation, its numerical value is larger, illustrates that attenuating is better.

According to Lambert-Beer law, the computing formula of mass extinction coefficient α is:

$\mathrm{\α}=-\frac{1}{C_{m}L}\ln \frac{I_O}{I}---\left(1\right)$

In formula, τ is transmitance, i _othe radiation value from radiation source that detection system before and after smoke screen shielding receives is respectively with I; C _mfor aerosol quality and concentration, g/m ³; L is light path, i.e. radiation source and the distance receiving detecting devices, m.

Therefore, according to light path L, transmitance τ, smoke screen mass concentration C _m, just can calculate the mass extinction coefficient of particulate.

The usual means of current test smoke screen extinction coefficient is the smoke screen case experimental system of fixing light path, is made up of large-scale smoke screen casing, smoke agent, smoke generator, agitation fan, mass concentration sampling head, face-to-face detection window, radiation source, detector, computing machine etc.

During test, first debug Acquire Transmission of Smoke test macro, without in smoke screen situation, detected the radiation from radiation source, be recorded as initial measurement I _o.Then, light smoke generator, and start built-in fans and fully stir, make particle in case be in relatively uniform state, the radiation detected from radiation source arrives the situation of change after detector through smoke screen, is recorded as measured value I.Meanwhile, start smoke screen mass concentration sampling apparatus, sample 1 ~ 3 time, average and be smoke screen mass concentration C _m.Above-mentioned measured value and smoke box light path L are substituted into (1) formula, the mass extinction coefficient of particle can be tried to achieve.

But, along with the development of smoke screen material technology, produce traditional smoke screen technology of thick smoke by smoke agent burning, directly sprayed just gradually the method for high-performance interfering material replace, new demand be it is also proposed to eliminate optical property proving installation.Existing smoke screen proving installation is bulky, and shape, light path and volume are fixed.Once test and often need at substantial sample, if extinction coefficient under need testing different quality concentration, sample consumption is larger.And fixing light path and volume cause smoke screen distribution in case substantially fixing, even if duplicate measurements several times, acquired results is still Extinction Characteristic under this distribution, comprehensively and objectively can not describe the frosting phenomenon of smoke screen.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of light path and volume continuous adjustable particle extinction coefficient proving installation and method, volume and the light path of this proving installation are adjustable, different test amount of samples can be met, obtain the average extinction coefficient of particle under different smoke concentration or different light path.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

A kind of light path and volume continuous adjustable particle extinction coefficient proving installation, this device comprises smoke screen casing, spraying particles device and agitation fan, described smoke screen casing is cuboid cavity casing, its roof, diapire, left side wall, right side wall and rear wall are fixing tank wall, on its left side wall and right side wall, mark has with rear wall is respectively the distance scale of starting point, its left side wall, right side wall and roof, the seam crossing of diapire is provided with slide rail, its front side wall is door-opening type tank wall, and be slidably matched with described slide rail, its front side wall and rear wall, its left side wall and right side wall offer the detection window arranged face-to-face respectively.

Described light path and volume continuous adjustable particle extinction coefficient proving installation, the front side wall of described smoke screen casing forms by door-opening type chamber door with the movable frame of flank, described door-opening type chamber door is hinged on movable frame, and the edge of described flank is provided with the pulley coordinated with slide rail.

Described light path and volume continuous adjustable particle extinction coefficient proving installation, described spraying particles device is made up of tubaeform sprinkler head and funneling feed pipe, the in-built dispersed particle that needs of described funneling feed pipe, its one end connects fan blower, the other end connects tubaeform sprinkler head, and described tubaeform sprinkler head stretches in smoke screen casing through one of them detection window.

Described light path and volume continuous adjustable particle extinction coefficient proving installation, the quantity of described agitation fan is two, is separately positioned on the diagonal line two ends of smoke screen casing.

Described light path and volume continuous adjustable particle extinction coefficient proving installation, the roof of described smoke screen casing is provided with the exhaust opening of band filter screen.

Described light path and volume continuous adjustable particle extinction coefficient proving installation, this device also comprises mobile bearing base, and described mobile bearing base is arranged on below smoke screen casing, for fixing, carrying and rolling smoke curtain casing; Described mobile bearing base is formed by the roller at metal framework and corner place thereof or is made up of the roller at sheet metal and corner place thereof.

The method of testing of described a kind of light path and volume continuous adjustable particle extinction coefficient proving installation, comprises the following steps:

(1) the average quality extinction coefficient of different quality concentration particle to be measured under different light path is tested, specifically comprises:

(11) radiation source and detector are separately positioned on the detection window place that front side wall and rear wall are arranged face-to-face, spraying particles device is stretched in smoke screen casing from the detection window on left side wall or right side wall;

(12) when not spraying particle to be measured, the radiation obtaining radiation source arrives the initial measurement I of detector through empty smoke screen casing _o;

(13) be m by quality _ispraying particles to be measured in smoke screen casing, open agitation fan simultaneously, make distribution of particles to be measured even;

(14) according to presetting light path L _ior preset volume V _icorresponding light path L _i, along the front side wall of slide rail push-and-pull smoke screen casing, its scale value corresponding on the wall of the left and right sides is alignd, the radiation obtaining radiation source arrives the measured value I of detector through particle to be measured _i;

(15) adopt following formula, calculate the mass extinction coefficient α of particle to be measured _i:

${\mathrm{\α}}_i=\frac{V_i}{m_i{L}_i}\ln \frac{I_i}{I_O}$

(16) default light path L is changed _ior preset volume V _icorresponding light path L _i, repeat above-mentioned steps (14) and (15), obtain the mass extinction coefficient α of different quality concentration particle to be measured under different light path _i, and adopt following formula, calculate the average quality extinction coefficient of different quality concentration particle to be measured under different light path

$\stackrel{\‾}{\mathrm{\α}}=\frac{{\mathrm{\Σ}}_{i=1}^n{\mathrm{\α}}_i}{n}$

Wherein, n represents testing time;

(2) the average quality extinction coefficient of different quality concentration particle to be measured under fixing light path is tested, specifically comprises:

(21) radiation source and detector are separately positioned on the detection window place that left side wall and right side wall are arranged face-to-face, spraying particles device is stretched in smoke screen casing from the detection window on front side wall or rear wall;

(22) when not spraying particle to be measured, the radiation obtaining radiation source arrives the initial measurement I of detector through empty smoke screen casing _o;

(23) be m by quality _ispraying particles to be measured in smoke screen casing, open agitation fan simultaneously, make distribution of particles to be measured even;

(24) according to preset volume V _i, along the front side wall of slide rail push-and-pull smoke screen casing, its scale value corresponding on the wall of the left and right sides is alignd, the radiation obtaining radiation source arrives the measured value I of detector through particle to be measured _i;

(25) adopt following formula, calculate the mass extinction coefficient α of particle to be measured _i:

${\mathrm{\α}}_i=\frac{V_i}{m_i{L}_O}\ln \frac{I_i}{I_O}$

Wherein, L _orepresent fixing light path;

(26) preset volume V is changed _i, repeat above-mentioned steps (24) and (25), be fixed the mass extinction coefficient α of different quality concentration particle to be measured under light path _i, and adopt following formula, calculate the average quality extinction coefficient of different quality concentration particle to be measured under fixing light path $\stackrel{\‾}{\mathrm{\α}}:$

$\stackrel{\‾}{\mathrm{\α}}=\frac{{\mathrm{\Σ}}_{i=1}^n{\mathrm{\α}}_i}{n}$

Wherein, n represents testing time.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is:

(1) by designing the removable tank wall of slide rail, design door-opening type band flank in casing, achieve the continuously adjustabe of smoke screen case light path and volume, instead of existing light path fix, bulky, expend the large smoke screen case experimental system of sample size;

(2) by offering face-to-face detection window at all around wall and marking distance scale at sidewall, both the smoke screen extinction coefficient under fixing light path can directly have been tested, also the smoke screen extinction coefficient under different light path can be tested, when without the need to troublesome operation, the average quality extinction coefficient of particle can be obtained under multiple test condition, thus improve objectivity and the accuracy of test result;

(3) proving installation of the present invention achieves the adjustment of tank-volumes by push-and-pull front side wall, to the different demands of large-scale smoke screen case and small-sized smoke screen case when can meet test experiments, enhances the versatility of test.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the door-opening type tank wall structural representation of apparatus of the present invention.

Embodiment

Below, the present invention is further illustrated with specific embodiment by reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of light path and volume continuous adjustable particle extinction coefficient proving installation, comprise smoke screen casing 1 and mobile bearing base 3.Mobile bearing base 3 is placed in the below of smoke screen casing 1, is made up of the roller 3a at metal framework or sheet metal 3b and corner place thereof, for fixing, carrying and rolling smoke curtain casing 1.Smoke screen casing 1 is inner airtight cuboid cavity casing, its roof, diapire, left side wall, right side wall and rear wall are fixing tank wall, on its left side wall and right side wall, mark has with rear wall is respectively the distance scale 6 of starting point, the seam crossing of its left side wall, right side wall and roof, diapire is provided with slide rail 7, its front side wall 2 is door-opening type tank wall, and can move forward and backward along slide rail 7.

The front side wall of smoke screen casing 1, rear wall, left side and right side wall are formed by transparent organic glass, wherein, front side wall, rear wall offer aspectant detection window 1a, 1b, left side wall, right side wall offer aspectant detection window 1c, detection window 1a, 1b, 1c are equipped with moveable cover plate.The roof of smoke screen casing 1 is provided with the exhaust opening 8 of band filter screen.Smoke screen casing 1 is provided with the spraying particles device 4 be made up of tubaeform sprinkler head 4a and funneling feed pipe 4b; The dispersed particle that needs in bulk in funneling feed pipe 4b, its one end connects tubaeform sprinkler head 4, and the other end connects fan blower, and in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, spraying particles device 4 is entered in smoke screen casing 1 by detection window 1c.Smoke screen casing 1 inside is respectively provided with an agitation fan 5 at its diagonal line two ends.

As shown in Figure 2, the front side wall 2 of smoke screen casing 1 is made up of chamber door 9 and movable frame 10, and chamber door 9 is embedded in movable frame 10, and movable frame 10 is with four flanks 11, and flank 11 edge is equipped with small-sized pulley, and small-sized pulley is embedded in slide rail 7.Chamber door 9 is identical by two sides size, be individually fixed on the vertical edge of movable frame 10, the panel that can split forms, and it offers detection window 1a, 1b respectively.Chamber door 9 is arranged to door-opening type, is convenient to clear up smoke screen casing 1 inside.The upper and lower edge of movable frame 10 is all bonded with silica gel sealing bar.Promote a certain distance scale 6 place of front side wall 2 to left side wall/right side wall along slide rail 7, the extinction coefficient test experiments of particle under this light path or volume can be carried out.

A method of testing for light path and volume continuous adjustable particle extinction coefficient proving installation, comprises the following steps:

The test of the average quality extinction coefficient of different quality concentration particle under S1, different light path:

During test, first according to the default light path L in testing scheme ₁or preset volume V ₁corresponding light path L ₁, along the front side wall 2 of slide rail 7 push-and-pull smoke screen casing 1, make the light path scale value L that chamber door 9 is corresponding on left side wall and right side wall ₁alignment.

Then, under the condition not discharging smoke screen, the adjustable light path detection window consisted of detection window 1a and 1b, obtains the initial measurement I of radiate source radiation through empty smoke screen casing 1 _o, and by the computer recording be connected with detector.

Then, taking quality is m ₁particle to be measured, be bulked in spraying particles device 4, opened blower switch, blown by spraying particles to be measured in smoke screen casing 1, meanwhile, open agitation fan 5, make distribution of particles to be measured even.Again by detection window 1a and 1b, obtain radiate source radiation particle to be measured in smoke screen casing 1 and arrive the measured value I of detector ₁, and by the computer recording be connected with detector.

The then transmitance τ of particle to be measured under certain dispersion concentration ₁can be obtained by following formula:

$\mathrm{\τ}=\frac{I}{I_O}\×100\%---\left(2\right)$

By the mass particle m to be measured sprayed ₁, smoke screen tank-volumes V ₁substitute into obtain mass particle concentration C to be measured _m1, obtain light path L by the sidewall scale of chamber door 9 correspondence ₁; So, by light path L ₁, survey transmitance τ ₁, mass particle concentration C to be measured _m1substitute into the mass extinction coefficient α that formula (1) can calculate particle to be measured ₁.

Equally, according to the default light path L in testing scheme ₂, L ₃l _n, or preset volume V ₂, V ₃v _ncorresponding light path L ₂, L ₃l _n, along the front side wall 2 of slide rail 7 push-and-pull smoke screen casing 1, chamber door 9 is alignd corresponding light path scale value L on left side wall and right side wall ₂, L ₃l _n, repeat above-mentioned experimentation successively.

So, obtain particle transmitance τ successively ₂, τ ₃τ _n, by itself and corresponding light path L ₂, L ₃l _n, and mass particle concentration C to be measured _m2, C _m3c _mnsubstitute in the computing formula (1) of extinction coefficient α respectively, the mass particle extinction coefficient α to be measured under corresponding test condition can be obtained successively ₂, α ₃α _n, then try to achieve average extinction coefficient by following formula

$\stackrel{\‾}{\mathrm{\α}}=\frac{{\mathrm{\α}}_1+{\mathrm{\α}}_2+...+{\mathrm{\α}}_n}{n}---\left(3\right)$

The test of the average quality extinction coefficient of different quality concentration particle under S2, fixing light path:

In the present invention's design, radiation source and detector carriage can also be located at the detection window 1c place of fixing light path, under the prerequisite that light path L is fixing, be regulated the volume V of smoke screen casing 1 by the front side wall 2 of push-and-pull smoke screen casing 1 ₁, V ₂v _n, and then control mass particle concentration C to be measured _m1, C _m2c _mn, then by above-mentioned transmission measurement process, corresponding transmitance τ under recording this mass concentration ₁, τ ₂τ _n.Above-mentioned correlation values is substituted in formula (1), is fixed the mass particle extinction coefficient α to be measured under light path, different quality concentration ₁, α ₂... α _n, then try to achieve the average extinction coefficient of particle to be measured by formula (3)

From the above, the present invention by design packaged type tank wall, and marks light path numerical scale on tank wall, achieves continuously adjustabe and the visual control of light path, and indirectly achieves the flexible control of tank-volumes and mass particle concentration.The present invention not only can test the average quality extinction coefficient of different quality concentration particle under different light path, the average quality extinction coefficient of different quality concentration particle under fixing light path can also be tested, can avoid because distribution of particles state difference brings to obtain error to test result as much as possible, averaging of income mass extinction coefficient can reflect the true Extinction Characteristic of particle more objectively.

Meanwhile, the present invention, by regulating the volume of smoke screen casing 1, had both solved the problem that large-scale smoke screen case is large to test sample consumption, had also solved the problem that a small amount of sample mass concentration in large-scale smoke screen case is too low, test result is inaccurate.

The above embodiment is only be described the preferred embodiment of the present invention; not scope of the present invention is limited; under not departing from the present invention and designing the prerequisite of spirit; the various distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art make technical scheme of the present invention and improvement, all should fall in protection domain that claims of the present invention determine.

Claims (7)

1. a light path and volume continuous adjustable particle extinction coefficient proving installation, this device comprises smoke screen casing, spraying particles device and agitation fan, it is characterized in that: described smoke screen casing is cuboid cavity casing, its roof, diapire, left side wall, right side wall and rear wall are fixing tank wall, on its left side wall and right side wall, mark has with rear wall is respectively the distance scale of starting point, its left side wall, right side wall and roof, the seam crossing of diapire is provided with slide rail, its front side wall is door-opening type tank wall, and be slidably matched with described slide rail, its front side wall and rear wall, its left side wall and right side wall offer the detection window arranged face-to-face respectively.

2. light path according to claim 1 and volume continuous adjustable particle extinction coefficient proving installation, it is characterized in that: the front side wall of described smoke screen casing forms by door-opening type chamber door with the movable frame of flank, described door-opening type chamber door is hinged on movable frame, and the edge of described flank is provided with the pulley coordinated with slide rail.

3. light path according to claim 1 and volume continuous adjustable particle extinction coefficient proving installation, it is characterized in that: described spraying particles device is made up of tubaeform sprinkler head and funneling feed pipe, the in-built dispersed particle that needs of described funneling feed pipe, its one end connects fan blower, the other end connects tubaeform sprinkler head, and described tubaeform sprinkler head stretches in smoke screen casing through one of them detection window.

4. light path according to claim 1 and volume continuous adjustable particle extinction coefficient proving installation, is characterized in that: the quantity of described agitation fan is two, be separately positioned on the diagonal line two ends of smoke screen casing.

5. light path according to claim 1 and volume continuous adjustable particle extinction coefficient proving installation, is characterized in that: the roof of described smoke screen casing is provided with the exhaust opening of band filter screen.

6. light path according to claim 1 and volume continuous adjustable particle extinction coefficient proving installation, it is characterized in that: this device also comprises mobile bearing base, described mobile bearing base is arranged on below smoke screen casing, for fixing, carrying and rolling smoke curtain casing; Described mobile bearing base is formed by the roller at metal framework and corner place thereof or is made up of the roller at sheet metal and corner place thereof.

7. the method for testing of a kind of light path according to claim 1 and volume continuous adjustable particle extinction coefficient proving installation, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

(1) the average quality extinction coefficient of different quality concentration particle to be measured under different light path is tested, specifically comprises:

(11) radiation source and detector are separately positioned on the detection window place that front side wall and rear wall are arranged face-to-face, spraying particles device is stretched in smoke screen casing from the detection window on left side wall or right side wall;

(12) when not spraying particle to be measured, the radiation obtaining radiation source arrives the initial measurement I of detector through empty smoke screen casing _o;

(13) be m by quality _ispraying particles to be measured in smoke screen casing, open agitation fan simultaneously, make distribution of particles to be measured even;

(14) according to presetting light path L _ior preset volume V _icorresponding light path L _i, along the front side wall of slide rail push-and-pull smoke screen casing, its scale value corresponding on the wall of the left and right sides is alignd, the radiation obtaining radiation source arrives the measured value I of detector through particle to be measured _i;

(15) adopt following formula, calculate the mass extinction coefficient α of particle to be measured _i:

${\mathrm{\α}}_i=\frac{V_i}{m_i{L}_i}1n\frac{I_i}{I_o}$

(16) default light path L is changed _ior preset volume V _icorresponding light path L _i, repeat above-mentioned steps (14) and (15), obtain the mass extinction coefficient α of different quality concentration particle to be measured under different light path _i, and adopt following formula, calculate the average quality extinction coefficient of different quality concentration particle to be measured under different light path

$\stackrel{\‾}{\mathrm{\α}}=\frac{{\mathrm{\Σ}}_{i=1}^n{\mathrm{\α}}_i}{n}$

Wherein, n represents testing time;

(2) the average quality extinction coefficient of different quality concentration particle to be measured under fixing light path is tested, specifically comprises:

(21) radiation source and detector are separately positioned on the detection window place that left side wall and right side wall are arranged face-to-face, spraying particles device is stretched in smoke screen casing from the detection window on front side wall or rear wall;

(22) when not spraying particle to be measured, the radiation obtaining radiation source arrives the initial measurement I of detector through empty smoke screen casing _o;

(23) be m by quality _ispraying particles to be measured in smoke screen casing, open agitation fan simultaneously, make distribution of particles to be measured even;

(24) according to preset volume V _i, along the front side wall of slide rail push-and-pull smoke screen casing, its scale value corresponding on the wall of the left and right sides is alignd, the radiation obtaining radiation source arrives the measured value I of detector through particle to be measured _i;

(25) adopt following formula, calculate the mass extinction coefficient α of particle to be measured _i:

${\mathrm{\α}}_i=\frac{V_i}{m_i{L}_o}1n\frac{I_i}{I_o}$

Wherein, L _orepresent fixing light path;

(26) preset volume V is changed _i, repeat above-mentioned steps (24) and (25), be fixed the mass extinction coefficient α of different quality concentration particle to be measured under light path _i, and adopt following formula, calculate the average quality extinction coefficient of different quality concentration particle to be measured under fixing light path

$\stackrel{\‾}{\mathrm{\α}}=\frac{{\mathrm{\Σ}}_{i=1}^n{\mathrm{\α}}_i}{n}$

Wherein, n represents testing time.