CN104649706A - Method for preparing granular artificial pumice stone by taking celadon shale as raw material - Google Patents
Method for preparing granular artificial pumice stone by taking celadon shale as raw material Download PDFInfo
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- CN104649706A CN104649706A CN201510094043.5A CN201510094043A CN104649706A CN 104649706 A CN104649706 A CN 104649706A CN 201510094043 A CN201510094043 A CN 201510094043A CN 104649706 A CN104649706 A CN 104649706A
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- green shale
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 title description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001007 puffing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001919 chlorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052619 chlorite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052900 illite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L nonaaluminum;magnesium;tripotassium;1,3-dioxido-2,4,5-trioxa-1,3-disilabicyclo[1.1.1]pentane;iron(2+);oxygen(2-);fluoride;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[F-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2 VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004846 x-ray emission Methods 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002969 artificial stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006103 coloring component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021321 essential mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052592 oxide mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000434 stratum corneum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfluramid Chemical group CCNS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种以灰绿色页岩为原料制备粒状人造浮石的方法，以天然灰绿色页岩为矿石原料，不添加其它任何试剂，第1是采用破碎设备将矿石原料破碎至-20mm；第2是采用筛分设备将破碎矿石筛分为粒度3mm-20mm的物料；第3是在空气环境中，采用煅烧加热设备和10℃/min-20℃/min升温速率，将筛分物料加热至240℃-800℃，并保温12-30min；第4是在空气环境中，采用10℃/min-20℃/min的升温速率，将预热保温物料加热至1050℃-1200℃，并保温15-30min；第5是在空气环境中，将煅烧膨化物料缓慢冷却至400℃以下；第6是采用筛分设备，将煅烧膨化冷却物料筛分为5mm-25mm粒径，即得到粒状人造浮石。效果明显，安全性好，工艺简单，推广应用容易，用途广泛，社会经济效益显著。
The invention relates to a method for preparing granular artificial pumice from gray-green shale, using natural gray-green shale as the ore raw material without adding any other reagents, the first step is to crush the ore raw material to -20mm by crushing equipment; The second is to use screening equipment to screen the crushed ore into materials with a particle size of 3mm-20mm; the third is to use calcining heating equipment and a heating rate of 10°C/min-20°C/min to heat the screened materials to 240°C-800°C, and keep warm for 12-30min; the fourth is in the air environment, using a heating rate of 10°C/min-20°C/min, heat the preheated insulation material to 1050°C-1200°C, and keep warm for 15 minutes -30min; the fifth step is to slowly cool the calcined puffed material to below 400°C in the air environment; the sixth step is to use screening equipment to sieve the calcined puffed cooled material into a particle size of 5mm-25mm to obtain granular artificial pumice. The invention has the advantages of obvious effect, good safety, simple process, easy popularization and application, wide application and remarkable social and economic benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of with greyish-green shale for the method for granular permutite prepared by raw material, with natural greyish-green shale for raw material, do not add other any reagent, adopt and optimize calcining bulking process, prepare granular permutite, be applicable to process preparation with the granular permutite that natural greyish-green shale is raw material.
Background technology
Float stone is also known as pumice or foam, and because hole is many, light, the unit weight of quality is less than 1000kg/m
3, can bubble through the water column and gain the name.Natural pumice is the glassiness acid volcano extrusive rock of a kind of porous, lightweight, and unit weight is generally at 450kg/m
3left and right, its chemical composition is equivalent to flow liner matter Intermediate-felsic volcanic rocks, is generally the silicate of rich aluminium, potassium, sodium, namely with SiO
2for the crude substance of the similar glass composition of main component.The porosity of natural pumice is larger, there is porous, light weight, high-strength, thermal conductivity is little, fire-retardant, moistureproof, insect protected, mildew-resistant, the feature such as not aging, burn into is not pollution-free, "dead", be desirable natural, green, environmental protection, insulation, heat insulation light porous material.
Float stone can be widely used in the industries such as building, chemical industry, gardens, weaving, clothes, also can be used for skin care, protects stratum corneum residual on the effective removal skins such as foot.Float stone can pumice concrete processed, lime float stone material in building, to make buildings light, and has the performance of heat-insulation and heat-preservation, sound insulating and absorbing; Filtering medium, siccative, catalyzer is can be used as in chemical industry; Also can be used as abrasive material, process clothes and grind marble, metal etc.
Natural pumice is generally that acid volcanic rock melt is formed in volcanic eruption.Because geologic setting is special, China only has few places to have certain distribution, and there are Tengchong In Yunnan Province and Wudalianchi, Heilongjiang Province etc. in the more famous place of production.Because natural pumice quality is light, unit weight is little, transportation cost is high, and the radiation radius making it apply is very limited.Therefore, utilize local natural Mineral resources to prepare permutite and there is important practical significance.
At present, existing people develops the insulation of multicellular glass for chemical industry equipment, multicellular glass have fire-retardant, moistureproof, not aging, the performance such as not corrode, but the not high (0.6Mpa/m of the ultimate compression strength of multicellular glass
2), crushing resistance is poor, and manufacturing process is complicated, and cost is also higher.
CN 1433992A discloses a kind of buildings internal and external ornament artificial stone plate and manufacture method thereof.This artificial stone plate does not need to fire, and take zeolite as major ingredient, and mixes with volcanic ash, float stone, white cement or gluing plasticising pole and make.
CN 1222605A discloses a kind of artificial pumice composition and manufacture method thereof, and the blank of said composition comprises clay, inorganic thin wall hollow spheroidal particle and soaks moulds agent, and wherein inorganic thin wall hollow spheroidal particle is made up of silicon oxide, aluminum oxide and impurity.This permutite can be used for the washing processing of ready-made clothes and cloth.
CN 200410038075.5 discloses a kind of permutite, especially relates to the permutite fired by inorganic materials, fusing assistant, swelling agent and linking agent, and the manufacture method of this permutite.The permutite of this invention is fired by following raw material to form: inorganic materials 80.5-95.5% (weight), caustic soda 2-6% (weight), borax 1-10% (weight), Paris white 0.5-5% (weight), carbon dust 0-1.5% (weight) and mica 1-7% (weight), described inorganic materials is selected from mineral or clay.Its preparation technology is: mixed in required ratio by above-mentioned raw materials; The mixture obtained is crushed to 60-200 order; After mixture is pulverized, in mixture, add heavy oil, the add-on of heavy oil is the 1-3% (weight) of raw material gross weight; By mixture pelleting, the size of particle is in 0.01-1.2 cm range; Loaded in mould by mixture and fire, the temperature fired is 750-1186 DEG C, and the firing time is 20-40 minute; Anneal again after firing, the steps such as the cutting of the demoulding and permutite.
In addition, application number be 201310622364.9 Chinese patent application also disclose a kind of Artificial pumice ball and preparation method thereof.
Comprise the above-mentioned method preparing permutite of the prior art, often need to add Multiple components, raw material is difficult to obtain and cost is higher, and preparation process is also comparatively loaded down with trivial details, and the quality of the permutite obtained also has much room for improvement.
On the other hand, greyish-green shale is a kind of natural crystal distributed more widely, and its Application Areas is comparatively narrow at present, also has no greyish-green shale as the report of raw material for the preparation of permutite.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to provide one to solve the problem, in very complicated and diversified natural mineral rock, select a kind of natural crystal raw material, under the condition of not adding other any reagent, by optimizing calcining bulking process, produce the granular permutite's of excellent property.
In order to solve the problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
With greyish-green shale for a granular permutite's method prepared by raw material, with natural greyish-green shale for raw material, obtained by following steps successively:
(1) ore reduction: be below 20mm to particle diameter by described natural greyish-green shale raw material crushing;
(2) preheating insulation: in air ambient, with 10 DEG C/min-20 DEG C/min temperature rise rate, is heated to 240 DEG C-800 DEG C by step (1) gained material, and is incubated 12 min-30min;
(3) calcine expanded: in air ambient, with 10 DEG C/min-20 DEG C/min temperature rise rate, by step (2) preheating insulation heating material to 1050 DEG C-1200 DEG C, and be incubated 15 min-30 min;
(4) material cooling: in air ambient, step (3) is calcined expanded material and slowly cools to less than 400 DEG C;
(5) material screening: adopt screening plant, be 5mm-25mm particle diameter by step (4) cooled material screening, namely obtain granular permutite's product;
Wherein, described greyish-green shale is the clayey sedimentogeneous rock of a kind of laminated and lamelliform layer structure, and its chemical composition consists of, by percent mass, and SiO
263.2199-67.4739%, Al
2o
317.4242-19.9441%, Fe
2o
35.7451-6.9106%, TiO
20.8073-0.8674%, CaO 0.4004-0.6536%, MgO 2.5815-2.8623%, K
2o 3.1243-4.4681%, Na
2o 0.9283-1.1320%.
As preferred technical scheme, after ore reduction, first carry out ore sizing, then carry out preheating insulation: will be the material of particle diameter 3mm-20mm by the ore sizing after step (1) fragmentation.
Why float stone can float on water, must possess three conditions simultaneously: one is light weight porous, and unit weight is less than 1000kg/m
3; Two is be main with storage pore (be called for short " closed pore ", as follows); Three is have lower water-intake rate.Therefore, the granular permutite conformed to quality requirements be prepared, realize above object, following two key technical problems must be solved:
(1) analyzed by systems axiol-ogy, in very complicated and diversified natural mineral rock, select the natural crystal raw material that structure construction, mineralogical composition, chemical composition etc. all conform to quality requirements, when not adding other any reagent, dinectly bruning is expanded prepare have based on closed pore, water-intake rate is low, unit weight is less than 1000kg/m
3light weight porous and granular permutite;
(2) according to natural crystal material characteristic, by systematic testing, optimize calcining bulking process, prepare the granular permutite of excellent property.
In order to solve the problem, first present inventor carries out ore and selects:
Expanded principle is calcined and to requirements such as ore structure construction, mineralogical composition, chemical compositions according to Minerals And Rocks, on the natural crystal sample system detection analysis foundation to how, experiment High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus is adopted to carry out calcining bulking process proof test to a large amount of natural crystal sample, determine ore prepared by applicable granular permutite, and according to the Characters of Petrology And Mineralogy such as following structure construction, mineralogical composition, chemical composition of ore, determine that this to be applicable to natural crystal raw material prepared by granular permutite be greyish-green shale.This greyish-green shale is a kind of clayey sedimentogeneous rock (pelyte), and its essential mineral Petrographic Features is as follows:
(1) ore color characteristic
Ore prepared by the granular permutite that the present invention determines-greyish-green shale, its color is mainly in greyish-green, or Steel Gray, or light green rock.As the greyish-green shale that " national rock mine fossil specimen resource shared platform " is recorded, refer to:
(2) ore texture feature
Ore prepared by the granular permutite that the present invention determines-greyish-green shale, is configured to feature with laminated, lamellar bedding, the compact mass rock of tool aleuropelitic texture;
(3) ore mineral composition characteristics
Fig. 1 be granular permutite that the present invention determines prepare ore---greyish-green shale (raw ore) and differing temps thereof calcine X-ray X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRD) collection of illustrative plates of expanded product, can find out: this ore is primarily of mineral compositions such as illite, chlorite and quartz, and the rock containing other mineralogical composition a small amount of or micro-.
Described illite is that a kind of 2:1 type dioctahedron stratiform makes silicate minerals, and also known as hydromica, hydromuscovite, its typical crystal-chemical formula is KAl
2[(Si, Al)
4] (OH)
2, the identification mark peak of X-ray X-ray powder diffraction analysis is d
(002)=1.010nm, d
(004)=0.498nm, d
(006)=0.333nm.In Fig. 1, the XRD of raw ore belongs to illitic characteristic diffraction peak value has: d
(002)=0.9966nm, d
(004)=0.4986nm, d
(110)=0.4469nm, d
(006)=0.3340nm, d
(114)=0.3198nm, d
(108)=0.2990nm, d
(131)=0.2564nm.
Described chlorite is that a kind of 2:1 type trioctahedron stratiform makes silicate minerals mineral, and its typical crystal-chemical formula is (Fe, Mg)
6(Fe
2+, Fe
3+) [Al
2si
6o
20] (OH)
16, the identification mark peak of its X-ray X-ray powder diffraction analysis is d
(001)=1.429nm, d
(002)=0.714nm, d
(004)=0.356nm.The diffraction peak that in Fig. 1, the XRD of raw ore belongs to chlorite has: d
(001)=1.4079nm, d
(002)=0.7064nm, d
(003)=0.4703nm, d
(004)=0.3528nm, d
(005)=0.2860nm.
Described quartz is a kind of oxide mineral, and its typical crystal-chemical formula is SiO
2, the identification mark peak of its X-ray X-ray powder diffraction analysis is d
(100)=0.429nm, d
(011)=0.335nm, d
=0.182nm.In Fig. 1, the XRD of raw ore belongs to quartzy characteristic peaks has: d
(100)=0.4253nm, d
(011)=0.3340nm, d
(110)=0.2455nm, d
(102)=0.2280nm, d
(200)=0.2129nm, d
(021)=0.1980nm, d
=0.1818nm, d
=0.1541nm, d
(031)=0.1374nm, d
(220)=0.1228nm.
(4) ore chemistry composition characteristics
The chemical composition of ore prepared by the permutite that the present invention determines-greyish-green shale adopts x ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) to detect, and according to the detected result of some samples, learns greyish-green shale chemical composition, by mass percentage: SiO
263.2199-67.4739%, Al
2o
317.4242-19.9441%, Fe
2o
35.7451-6.9106%, TiO
20.8073-0.8674%, CaO 0.4004-0.6536%, MgO 2.5815-2.8623%, K
2o 3.1243-4.4681%, Na
2o 0.9283-1.1320%.Table 1 lists the chemical composition content of several typical greyish-green shale, and mean value.Therefore, its chemical composition is with SiO
2be main, and containing compositions such as aluminium, iron, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, general characteristic and natural pumice have the rock of certain similarity.
XRF detected result .w (B) % of table 1 greyish-green shale chemical composition
In a word, described greyish-green shale, is a kind of clayey sedimentogeneous rock, it is characterized in that: from color, is a kind of greyish-green, Steel Gray, jade-green rock; From structure construction, be that one is configured to feature with laminated, lamellar bedding, the compact mass rock of tool aleuropelitic texture; From mineralogical composition, primarily of the rock of illite and chlorite clay mineral and quartz composition; Chemically composition is seen, is a kind of with SiO
2be main, and contain the rock of the compositions such as aluminium, iron, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium.
Passing through great many of experiments, after determining the raw material of preparation permutite, present inventor passes through great many of experiments again, to obtain the processing parameter that it is prepared:
(1) calcining temperature is on the impact of expansion effect
In air ambient, adopt experiment High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus, with the temperature rise rate of 10 DEG C/min-20 DEG C/min, have studied the impact of calcining temperature on expansion effect.Calcining swelling temperature is set to 1050 DEG C, 1100 DEG C, 1125 DEG C, 1150 DEG C, 1175 DEG C, 1200 DEG C, 1225 DEG C, 1250 DEG C, 1275 DEG C, 1300 DEG C respectively, and is incubated 15min-30min at a set temperature.Result shows, along with the rising gradually of temperature, test sample rate of expansion constantly increases, and the rate of expansion that temperature is 1050 DEG C-1200 DEG C reaches maximum, and bonding phenomenon appears in temperature more than 1200 DEG C, and rate of expansion also obviously declines.Therefore, determine that optimizing calcining swelling temperature is 1050 DEG C-1200 DEG C, soaking time 10 DEG C/min-20 DEG C/min.
Fig. 1 is the XRD figure spectrum that illite chlorite slat (raw ore) and differing temps thereof calcine expanded product section sample.Can find out: from 1100 DEG C, the XRD peak of the clay minerals illite in sample and chlorite all disappears, and the XRD peak of quartz mineral obviously reduces, and starts to occur non-crystalline state feature; Along with the rising gradually of temperature, in sample, keep forging ahead reduction in the XRD peak of quartz mineral, and at maximum 1050 DEG C-1200 DEG C of rate of expansion, the XRD of thing phase is amorphous glass state feature, similar to the phase character of natural pumice.
(2) temperature rise rate is on the impact of expansion effect
Test-results shows, in air ambient, along with the increase of temperature rise rate, test sample rate of expansion increases gradually, reaches peak value at 10 DEG C/min-20 DEG C/min, and when temperature rise rate is greater than 10 DEG C/min-20 DEG C/min, rate of expansion declines on the contrary to some extent.Mainly because temperature rise rate is too fast, when reaching certain temperature, the reaction that shale minerals inside generates gas is incomplete, and the gas of generation is few, thus causes rate of expansion not high.Loss on ignition reduces along with the increase of temperature rise rate, and temperature rise rate is faster, and the chemical reaction of sample inside is more incomplete, and the gas of generation is fewer, and loss on ignition is less.Therefore, determine that optimizing the expanded temperature rise rate of calcining is 10 DEG C/min-20 DEG C/min.
(3) soaking time is on the impact of expansion effect
In air ambient, adopt 10 DEG C/min-20 DEG C/min temperature rise rate, first at 240 DEG C, be incubated 12min, then under 1050 DEG C-1200 DEG C calcining swelling temperature conditions, research soaking time is to expansion effect.Result shows, along with the increase of soaking time, rate of expansion increases to some extent, but the change of more than 30min rate of expansion is not obvious.Therefore, determine to optimize the expanded soaking time of calcining for be incubated 12min-30min at 240 DEG C, at 1050 DEG C-1200 DEG C, be incubated 15min-30 min.
(4) granularity is on the impact of expansion effect
In air ambient, adopt 10 DEG C/min-20 DEG C/min temperature rise rate, 1050 DEG C of-1200 DEG C of calcining temperatures, 15min-30min soaking time, further study the impact of sample particle diameter on expansion effect, result shows: the rate of expansion of sample increases along with the increase of particle diameter, and namely the expand minimum grain size of more than a times of sample is 0.5mm, and particle diameter can be expanded to 4-5 doubly at the particle of more than 3mm.When particle diameter is less than 0.074mm(200 order) time, adopt the PVA of 5% as caking agent, powder is processed into 3min-10mm, and sample only sinters, and does not occur burning swollen phenomenon.Therefore, the Application Areas of bonded products, determines that optimizing calcining puffed granule particle diameter is 3mm-20mm.
By including but not limited to above-mentioned experimental study, obtain above-mentioned technical scheme.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention for ore, does not add other any reagent with greyish-green shale, adopts and optimizes calcining bulking process, prepare granular permutite, define a kind of with greyish-green shale for the method for granular permutite prepared by raw material.The present invention has successful, security is good, technique is simple, apply advantage and the advantages such as easy, of many uses, economic results in society are remarkable, is embodied in:
(1) successful.As mentioned above, patent of invention CN 200410038075.5 adopts inorganic materials, fusing assistant, swelling agent and linking agent to fire permutite, and technics comparing is complicated, and cost compare is high.The present invention for raw material, does not add other any reagent with greyish-green shale, just can prepare granular permutite.
(2) security is good.The present invention adopts and optimizes calcining bulking process, safe and reliable.
(3) technique is simple.Processing step of the present invention is good, simple to operate continuously, and work is convenient.
(4) apply easily.Present invention process is simple, easy to operate, and easily study support is held and applied.
(5) of many uses, economic results in society are remarkable.The chemical composition of granular permutite, thing phase and structure and natural pumice same or similar.The materialogy principle of process based prediction model and end-use performance is determined according to material the Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes, granular permutite also should have with natural pumice same or analogous physical and chemical performance and end-use performance, namely there is porous, light weight, high-strength, thermal conductivity is little, fire-retardant, moistureproof, insect protected, mildew-resistant, the feature such as not aging, burn into is not pollution-free, "dead", be a kind of natural, green, be incubated, heat insulation, environment-friendly materials, the industries such as building, chemical industry, gardens can be widely used in, have broad application prospects and significant economic results in society.
Greyish-green shale is a kind of distribution clayey sedimentogeneous rock more widely, due to its mineralogical composition and chemical composition more complicated, and coloring components Fe
2o
3content is high (as this patent test sample Fe
2o
3mass percentage is 5.7451-6.9106%), almost there is no industrial application value.The present invention is that the industrial utilization of greyish-green shale provides a kind of new way, and obtained granular permutite's added value is high, has significant economic results in society.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the XRD figure spectrum that greyish-green shale (raw ore) and differing temps thereof calcine expanded product section sample.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of with greyish-green shale for the method for granular permutite prepared by raw material, this example with greyish-green shale for ore, this ore is compact mass, and laminated, lamellar bedding construct, aleuropelitic texture, its chemical composition is as shown in the WX01P in table 1, its mineralogical composition, as shown in Fig. 1 (raw ore), does not add other any reagent, adopts and optimizes calcining bulking process, prepare granular permutite, its preparation technology is undertaken by following 6 steps:
(1) ore reduction: adopt disintegrating apparatus, ore is crushed to-20mm;
(2) breaking ores screening is the material of granularity 3mm-20mm by ore sizing: adopt screening plant;
(3) preheating insulation: in air ambient, adopts calcining heating installation and 13 DEG C/min temperature rise rate, screening materials carrying is heated to 240 DEG C, and is incubated 12 min;
(4) calcine expanded: in air ambient, adopt calcining heating installation and 13 DEG C/min temperature rise rate, by preheating insulation heating material to 1150 DEG C, and be incubated 20 min;
(5) material cooling: in air ambient, expanded for calcining material is slowly cooled to less than 400 DEG C;
(6) material screening: adopt screening plant, expanded for calcining refrigerant material screen is divided into 5mm-25mm particle diameter, namely obtains granular permutite's product.
Detected result shows, the granular permutite obtained by this case method has following feature: its chemical composition is similar to natural pumice, is namely with SiO
2for main component, and the silicate material of rich aluminium, potassium, sodium; As shown in Figure 1 (1150 DEG C), its phase character is similar to natural pumice, based on glassy phase; Its physicals is similar to natural pumice, and quality is light, unit weight is less than 1000kg/m
3, water-intake rate is low, can bubble through the water column.Therefore, according to the method for this example, can prepare one can bubble through the water column, and chemical composition is with SiO
2be main, thing based on amorphous glass mutually, light porous granular permutite same or analogous with natural pumice.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1069254A (en) * | 1992-05-20 | 1993-02-24 | 蒋里军 | A kind of nothing batching production method and haydite and application of porous matter haydite |
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