CN104644277A - Orthodontic bracket and method of correcting malpositioned teeth - Google Patents

Orthodontic bracket and method of correcting malpositioned teeth Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104644277A
CN104644277A CN201410557551.8A CN201410557551A CN104644277A CN 104644277 A CN104644277 A CN 104644277A CN 201410557551 A CN201410557551 A CN 201410557551A CN 104644277 A CN104644277 A CN 104644277A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
arch wire
archwire slot
sidewall
gums
bracket
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Pending
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CN201410557551.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
A·鲁伊斯-维拉
F·法尔辛-尼亚
R·J·希尔尼
T·I·乌达
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Ormco Corp
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Ormco Corp
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Publication of CN104644277A publication Critical patent/CN104644277A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
    • A61C7/12—Brackets; Arch wires; Combinations thereof; Accessories therefor
    • A61C7/28—Securing arch wire to bracket
    • A61C7/287—Sliding locks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
    • A61C7/12—Brackets; Arch wires; Combinations thereof; Accessories therefor
    • A61C7/28—Securing arch wire to bracket
    • A61C7/30—Securing arch wire to bracket by resilient means; Dispensers therefor
    • A61C7/303—Elastic bands

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

An orthodontic bracket comprises a bracket body and a ligating member. The ligating member retains an archwire in an archwire slot and includes archwire control structure including projecting portions spaced apart in a mesial-distal direction with a recessed area therebetween. The recessed area and the projecting portions overlie the archwire slot. The recessed area may include a flat or a curved surface in a mesial-distal direction. The recessed area and projecting portions may define a radius of curvature that is less than the radius of curvature of the archwire seated in the slot. The archwire contacts one or both the projecting portions resulting in a larger moment arm and better rotational control of the bracket with the force applied by the archwire.

Description

The method of orthodontic bracket and rectification dislocation tooth
The divisional application that the application is the applying date is on 01 08th, 2010, application number is 201080011140.9, denomination of invention is the application for a patent for invention of " method of orthodontic bracket and rectification dislocation tooth ".
The cross reference of related application
This application claims the U.S. Patent Application Serial Number No.61/145 submitted on January 26th, 2009, the priority being entitled as " ORTHODONTIC BRACKET AND METHOD OFCORRECTING MALPOSITIONED TEETH " of 345, its full text disclosure is incorporated to by with way of reference.
Background technology
Orthodontic treatment relates to applying mechanical force and correctly aligns to force the tooth of correct location.The orthodontic treatment of form comprises the orthodontic bracket utilizing and be respectively fixed on single tooth tooth, by being with fixing or more generally using binding agent fix in position.After on the tooth that bracket is fixed to upper dental arch or lower dental arch, then resilience arch wire is placed in or lower bracket archwire slot in.Upper tooth and/or lower tooth can be treated in like fashion.Then can by independent binding wire or elastic webbing by arch wire relative to each bracket fix in position.This causes effective binding, or in other words, forces arch wire to be tied in the base surface of archwire slot.
Arch wire binding is put in place by movable closure member or cover by optional bracket designs.This movable closure member can for good and all but be movably connected with bracket body, or can be the individual component be connected with bracket body non-permanently.The archwire slot closure member of these types can passively (passively) or on one's own initiative (actively) bind arch wire.In Passive design, arch wire is not urged in the base surface of archwire slot by closure member, but allow arch wire or its separate with the base portion of archwire slot at least partially or form movable closure member.Comparatively speaking, in active binding, arch wire is urged in the base surface of archwire slot by movable closure member or other binding element.Movable closure member is opened so that be inserted in groove by arch wire, then closed to be remained in archwire slot by arch wire.This movable closure member includes but not limited to the carriage of colligation, clamp, elasticity or elastic cover etc.Correct when tooth aligns with arch wire shape by arch wire.
Need a kind of for providing concordance to rotate the orthodontic bracket controlled and the method controlling the improvement that tooth rotates over the course for the treatment of to tooth.
Summary of the invention
According to a first aspect of the invention, provide a kind of orthodontic bracket, comprise: bracket body, it is configured to be suitable for being fixed on tooth, and comprise medial extremity, outboard end, tongue side, lip side and cardinal principle extend to outboard end archwire slot from medial extremity, described archwire slot comprises base surface and is engaged sidewall and gums sidewall, described occlusion sidewall and gums sidewall upwards extend from base surface in lip side, and described archwire slot also comprises the opening for holding arch wire be positioned on the lip side relative with base surface; And closure member, it can move between the open and the closed positions, described closure member is connected on described bracket body to remain in archwire slot by arch wire in described make position, and comprise the tongue side with arch wire control structure, the recessed region that described arch wire control structure is included in isolated first and second projections on the direction from inner side to outside and is positioned between the two, described projection extends towards described archwire slot; Wherein, the female region and described first and second projections are positioned at the top of archwire slot, when described closure member is in described make position, described first and second projections with described first projection near the medial extremity of described archwire slot and described second projection is positioned at the top of described archwire slot near the mode of the outboard end of described archwire slot, and, when described closure elements is in described make position, at least one of the first or second projection is suitable for contacting with arch wire.
According to embodiment, described closure member comprises sliding component, clamp, one of resilience locking device or pivot member further.
According to embodiment, the female region also comprises one of gums sidewall and occlusion sidewall, it to limit from the tongue side surface of described closure member in lip side to the surface be recessed on together with described first and second projections, and, when described closure member is in described make position, the gums sidewall in the female region is positioned in the gums side of the gums sidewall of described archwire slot, or the occlusion sidewall in the female region is positioned in the occlusion side of the occlusion sidewall of described archwire slot.
According to embodiment, the female region also comprises gums sidewall and occlusion sidewall, they to limit from the tongue side surface of closure member in lip side to the surface be recessed on together with described first and second projections, and, the gums sidewall in the female region is positioned in the gums side of the gums sidewall of described archwire slot, and the occlusion sidewall in the female region is positioned in the occlusion side of the occlusion sidewall of described archwire slot.
According to embodiment, the recessed surface that the side be included in from inner side to outside, the female region is bent upwards.
According to a second aspect of the invention, provide a kind of orthodontic bracket, comprise: bracket body, it is configured to be suitable for being fixed on tooth, and comprise medial extremity, outboard end, tongue side, lip side, occlusion side, gums side, roughly extend to the groove from occlusion side to gums side of gums side from being engaged side and roughly extending to the archwire slot of outboard end from medial extremity, described archwire slot comprises base surface and respectively from the opposing sidewalls that base surface upwards extends in lip side, and is positioned at the opening for holding arch wire on the lip side relative with base surface; And clamp, it can move between the open and the closed positions, described clamp is connected on bracket body to remain in archwire slot by arch wire in described make position, described clamp comprises the tongue side leg and lip side leg that are connected by side direction portion section, described clamp has roughly U-shaped cross section, described tongue side leg is configured to cooperate slidably from being engaged the groove of side to gums side with described, and described lip side leg comprises the tongue side with arch wire control structure, described arch wire control structure comprises inner side and outer side projection and recessed region between the two; Wherein, when described clamp is in described make position, described arch wire control structure is positioned at the top of described archwire slot, and at least one of described inner side and outer side projection is suitable for contacting with arch wire when described clamp is in described make position.
According to embodiment, described bracket body also comprises lip side retainer, and described lip side leg comprises extension, and described extension is configured to move with the lip side limiting arch wire with the retainer cooperation of described lip side.
According to embodiment, the female region is limited by medial wall, lateral wall and recessed surface between the two, the female surface be configured to when described clamp be in described make position and one of described arch wire and described inner side and outer side projection or both contact time, described arch wire not with the female surface contact.
According to embodiment, when described arch wire and described inner side and outer side projection one or both contact time, the radius of curvature limited by described inner side and outer side projection and described surface is less than the radius of curvature that described arch wire limits.
According to embodiment, described clamp is made up of flat spring metal.
According to embodiment, described clamp comprises cobalt-chromium alloy, Ni-Ti alloy or marmem.
According to embodiment, described inner side projection near the medial extremity of described archwire slot and described outside projection near the outboard end of described archwire slot.
According to embodiment, the lip side leg of described clamp also comprises the inboard wing with inside end and the ala lateralis with outside end, the inner side and outer side wing is configured to extend on the direction, inner side of described archwire slot He in lateral direction respectively, when described arch wire control structure is positioned at above described archwire slot, described inside end comprises inner side projection and described outside end comprises outside projection, wherein, the female region is bending and is limited to outside end by from inside end.
According to embodiment, the recessed region of described clamp comprises otch, described otch limits the inboard portion comprising inner side projection and the Outboard Sections comprising outside projection, equally large to the size of gums side from being engaged side at least with described archwire slot of the degree of depth from occlusion side to gums side of described otch.
According to embodiment, described bracket body comprises the depression of one of the opposing sidewalls being arranged in described archwire slot further, and described clamp comprises the inner side extension of end, described inboard portion and the lateral extension of described Outboard Sections end further, inner side and outer side extension is configured to the depression being suitable for engaging the opposing sidewalls being arranged in described archwire slot, thus the lip side leg limiting described clamp is in the movement upwards of lip side.
According to embodiment, described clamp comprises flat spring metal.
According to embodiment, described clamp is made up of cobalt-chromium alloy, Ni-Ti alloy or marmem.
According to a third aspect of the invention we, provide a kind of correction component used together with orthodontic bracket, described orthodontic bracket is configured to be suitable for being fixed on tooth, and comprise medial extremity, outboard end, tongue side, lip side, occlusion side, gums side, tie up the wing and roughly extend to the archwire slot of outboard end from medial extremity, described archwire slot comprises base surface and gums sidewall and is engaged sidewall, described gums sidewall and occlusion sidewall upwards extend from base surface in lip side, described archwire slot also comprises the opening for holding arch wire be positioned on the lip side relative with base surface, described correction component comprises: main body, it is configured to cover described bracket at least partially when described correction component is connected on bracket, described main body has lip side and tongue side surface and the arch wire control structure comprised in its tongue side surface, described arch wire control structure comprises and is recessed into isolated inner side and outer side, region projection, and engagement member, it extends from described main body, and is configured to tie up the wing so that described correction component is removably connected to described bracket described in joint, wherein, when arch wire is located in archwire slot and described correction component is connected to bracket, described inner side and outer side projection is positioned at the top of described archwire slot and is configured to contact with arch wire.
According to embodiment, the female region is limited by gums sidewall and occlusion sidewall, wherein, the gums sidewall in the female region is positioned at the gums side of the gums sidewall of described archwire slot, and the occlusion sidewall in the female region is positioned at the occlusion side of the occlusion sidewall of described archwire slot.
According to a forth aspect of the invention, provide a kind of method of correcting dislocation tooth, comprise: multiple orthodontic bracket is applied on patient teeth, each bracket comprises: bracket body, it archwire slot comprising medial extremity, outboard end, tongue side, lip side and substantially extend to outboard end from medial extremity, described archwire slot comprises base surface and is engaged sidewall and gums sidewall, described occlusion sidewall and gums sidewall upwards extend from base surface in lip side, and described archwire slot also comprises the opening for holding arch wire be positioned on the lip side relative with base surface; And binding component, described binding component is connected on described bracket body to be remained on by arch wire in described archwire slot and to comprise the tongue side with arch wire control structure, described arch wire control structure is included in isolated first and second projections on from inner side to lateral direction, and described projection extends towards described archwire slot; Wherein, described first and second projections are positioned at the top of described archwire slot, wherein, described first projection near the medial extremity of described archwire slot and described second projection near the outboard end of described archwire slot, further, at least one of the first and second projections described in when described binding component is connected on described bracket body is suitable for contacting with arch wire; And arch wire is remained in the corresponding archwire slot of described orthodontic bracket, contact at least one of described first and second projections to make arch wire and do not contact the other parts of described binding component.
According to embodiment, described first and second projections of each binding component limit corresponding surface, and the radius of curvature on corresponding surface is less than the radius of curvature of the part of the arch wire be maintained in relevant bracket.
The invention provides a kind of orthodontic bracket, it comprises the bracket body being suitable for being fixed on tooth.The archwire slot that bracket body comprises medial extremity, outboard end, tongue side, lip side and roughly extends on the direction from inner side to outside.The opposing sidewalls that archwire slot comprises base surface, upwards extend in lip side from base surface and the opening for holding arch wire be positioned at the lip side relative with base surface.Bracket also comprises closure member movable between the open and the closed positions.Closure member is connected on bracket body to be remained in archwire slot by arch wire in make position.Closure member comprises the tongue side with arch wire control structure, the recessed region that this arch wire control structure is included in isolated first and second projections on the direction from inner side to outside and is positioned between the two.When closure member is in the close position, recessed region and the first and second projections are positioned at the top of archwire slot, and when closure elements is in the close position, first projection near the medial extremity of archwire slot and the second projection near the outboard end of archwire slot, and when closure elements is in the close position, the first or second projection one of be at least suitable for contacting with arch wire.
Closure member can comprise various structure further, such as sliding component, clamp, resilience locking device, pivot member etc.Recessed region and the first and second projections also can take various ways.Exemplarily, when when observing from occlusion side to the direction of gums side, these elements of closure member can form general rectangular cross sectional shape usually.Optionally, recessed region can comprise flat surfaces or curved surface on from inner side to lateral direction.Recessed surface and the first and second projections limit a radius of curvature together, and this radius of curvature is less than the radius of curvature of the arch wire part being positioned at this bracket associated groove.Which ensure that arch wire and the first and/or second projection instead of with recessed surface contact, thus cause larger moment arm and utilize the power applied by arch wire better to rotate control to bracket.
More specifically, when closure member is in the close position, the tongue side of closure member or surface can comprise the depression be positioned at above archwire slot, and this depression can have inside edge and outer ledge.When closure member is in the close position, inside edge or outer ledge one of is at least suitable for contacting with arch wire.
In another embodiment, recessed region is limited by medial wall, lateral wall and surface between the two.This surface configuration become when the in the close position and arch wire of clamp and one of inner side and outer side projection or both contact time, arch wire not with this surface contact.
In another aspect, provide a kind of orthodontic bracket, it comprises the bracket body and clamp movable between the open and the closed positions that are suitable for being fixed to tooth.Bracket body comprises medial extremity, outboard end, tongue side, lip side, occlusion side, gums side, roughly extends to the groove from occlusion side to gums side of gums side from being engaged side and roughly extending to the archwire slot of outboard end from medial extremity.The opposing sidewalls that archwire slot comprises base surface, upwards extend in lip side from base surface and the opening for holding arch wire be positioned at the lip side relative with base surface.
Be connected on bracket body at make position clamp so that arch wire is remained in archwire slot.Clamp comprises the tongue side leg and lip side leg that are connected by side direction portion section, and has roughly U-shaped cross section.Tongue side leg is configured to cooperate slidably with from being engaged the groove of side to gums side.Lip side leg comprises the tongue side with arch wire control structure, and this arch wire control structure comprises inner side and outer side projection, has recessed region between the two.When clamp is in the close position, arch wire control structure is positioned at the top of archwire slot, and when clamp is in the close position inner side and outer side projection one of be at least suitable for contacting with arch wire.In one embodiment, clamp is bifurcated.
In another embodiment, provide a kind of be suitable for being fixed to the correction component used together with the orthodontic bracket on tooth.Bracket comprises medial extremity, outboard end, tongue side, lip side, occlusion side and gums side.Bracket also comprises the archwire slot tied up the wing and roughly extend to outboard end from medial extremity.Archwire slot comprises base surface and the gums sidewall that upwards extends in lip side from base surface and occlusion sidewall, and is positioned at the opening for holding arch wire on the lip side relative with base surface.
Correction component comprises main body, and it is configured to cover bracket at least partially when correction component is connected on bracket.Main body has lip side and tongue side surface.Tongue side surface comprises arch wire control structure.Arch wire control structure comprises and is recessed into isolated inner side and outer side, region projection.Correction component also comprises engagement member, and it extends from main body and be configured to joint ties up the wing so that correction component is removably connected to bracket.When arch wire is located in archwire slot and correction component is connected on bracket, inner side and outer side projection to be positioned at above archwire slot and to be suitable for contacting with arch wire.
Can comprise according to the method for rectification dislocation tooth according to the present invention and the multiple orthodontic brackets constructed in one or more modes discussed herein are applied on patient teeth.Then with the binding component being connected to bracket, arch wire is remained in the corresponding archwire slot of orthodontic bracket, with make arch wire and the first or second projection one of at least contact or with one of at least the contacting of inner side or outer ledge, but do not contact the other region of binding component.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Be included into and the accompanying drawing forming this description part illustrates embodiments of the invention, this accompanying drawing and the generality of the present invention provided above illustrate and detailed description given below is used from explanation each aspect of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the schematic cross-sectional view of the bracket body of traditional bracket and arch wire assembly, closure member and arch wire;
Fig. 2 is according to an embodiment of the invention for keeping the perspective view of the orthodontic bracket of arch wire;
Fig. 3 is the perspective view of the closure member as the schematic carriage form used in the orthodontic bracket shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 A is the cross-sectional view strength got along the hatching 4A-4A of Fig. 2 that arch wire position in archwire slot is shown;
Fig. 4 B is the cross-sectional view strength got along the hatching 4-4 of Fig. 2 that arch wire position in archwire slot is shown;
Fig. 5 illustrates the cross-sectional view strength being similar to Fig. 4 B completing position according to arch wire embodiment illustrated in fig. 2;
Fig. 6 is according to another embodiment of the present invention for keeping the perspective view of the orthodontic bracket of arch wire;
Fig. 7 A is the perspective view of the closure member as the schematic U-shaped clamp form used in the bracket shown in Fig. 6;
Fig. 7 B is the plan view of bracket shown in Fig. 6, and it is shown in phantom line the position of U-shaped clamp relative to arch wire and bracket body;
Fig. 8 is the cross-sectional view strength got along the hatching 8-8 of Fig. 6, and the position of arch wire in archwire slot is shown;
Fig. 9 illustrates the cross-sectional view strength being similar to Fig. 8 completing position according to arch wire embodiment illustrated in fig. 6;
Figure 10 is according to another embodiment of the present invention for keeping the perspective view of the orthodontic bracket of arch wire;
Figure 11 is the perspective view of the closure member as the schematic second U-shaped clamp form used in the bracket shown in Figure 10;
Figure 12 is the cross-sectional view strength got along the hatching 12-12 of Figure 10 that arch wire position in archwire slot is shown;
Figure 13 is the plan view of bracket shown in Figure 10, and it is shown in phantom line the position of U-shaped clamp relative to arch wire and bracket body;
Figure 14 illustrates the cross-sectional view strength being similar to Figure 12 completing position according to arch wire embodiment illustrated in fig. 10;
Figure 15 is connected to bracket according to another embodiment of the present invention to keep the perspective view of the dismountable binding component of arch wire; And
Figure 16 is the perspective view as being used in the dismountable binding component on bracket as shown in Figure 15.
Detailed description of the invention
With reference to Fig. 1, the mode that the arch wire 10 of binding engages with the movable cover of the typical case of orthodontic bracket 14 or closure member 12 is shown.As shown in the figure, arch wire 10 is passive bindings.Namely, arch wire 10 is not fixed to closure member 12 or bracket 14, and therefore can move over the course for the treatment of or bend.Due to it, particularly along labial teeth, the existence of radius of curvature, arch wire 10 can be formed and the downside of closure member 12 or the contact point 16 of tongue side 18 at summit 20 place of its curvature.Also contact bracket 14 (illustrating with 22) in the inner side of archwire slot or Outboard Sections arch wire 10, form moment arm 24.
Touching at 16 places on closure member 12 due to arch wire 10 and touch on bracket 14 at 22 places and produce power 28, moment arm 24 allows moment 26 to be applied on tooth (not shown).Moment 26 causes bracket 14 and therefore causes tooth to turn to precalculated position.Unfortunately, due to summit 20 over the course for the treatment of and therefore contact point 16 may easily to offset along the tongue side 18 of closure member 12 or mobile, this contact point 16 provides the control to the minimum degree that bracket rotates.As a result, along with summit 20 is moved, the length of moment arm 24 changes.Because moment 26 may change in an unpredictable manner, this causes the problem controlling tooth rotation.Therefore, the personnel that practise medicine are not enough for the control of Tooth Movement.Should be appreciated that the control of shortage to Tooth Movement or the limited meeting of the control to Tooth Movement cause treatment time to extend.
With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, in one exemplary embodiment, orthodontic bracket 30 comprises the base structure 34 being configured to utilize any appropriate and is installed to bracket body 32 on tooth (not shown) and suitable binding or closure member 36, in this embodiment, this binding or closure member 36 are the sliding components being suitable for being captured in by arch wire 38 in archwire slot 40.Closure member 36 is connected to bracket body 32, and is remained in archwire slot 40 by arch wire 38 at detent position.
According to embodiments of the invention, closure member 36 is designed to have following arch wire control structure 72, and it provides predictable between arch wire 38 with orthodontic bracket 30, concordance contacts.In this, the contact between arch wire 38 and closure member 36 is limited to specific position by arch wire control structure.In addition, this specific position can be predetermined, and can not offset over the course for the treatment of.By example, arch wire control structure can provide two-point contact between orthodontic bracket 30 and arch wire 38.Arch wire 38 can contact both bracket body 32 and closure member 36.In a further arrangement, two-point contact can be formed two positions on closure member 36.In one exemplary embodiment, the contact between arch wire 38 and closure member 36 is limited to one or two precalculated position by arch wire control structure.In addition, 3 between arch wire 38 and orthodontic bracket 30 or four point cantact also it is expected to.
For this purpose, unless otherwise noted, orthodontic bracket 30 is used to be attached to referential on the labial surface of supramaxillary tooth to describe orthodontic bracket 30 at this.Therefore, as used in this, for describe the such as lip side of bracket 30, tongue side, inner side, outside, occlusion side, gums side term be relative to selected referential.But embodiments of the invention are not limited to selected referential and described term, because orthodontic bracket 30 can be used on other tooth intraoral or other direction.Such as, bracket 30 also can be positioned on the labial teeth of lower jaw or the upper jaw, and falls within the scope of the present invention.Those skilled in the art will recognize, when referential exists change, may not directly apply descriptive term as used herein.But the relational language of intention of the present invention independent of intraoral position and direction and for describing embodiments of the invention only provides the embodiment in accompanying drawing and clearly illustrates.Therefore, relational language lip side, tongue side, inner side, outside, occlusion side and gums side will not limit the present invention on specific position or direction.
Therefore, with reference to the bracket body 32 shown in Fig. 2, when bracket body 32 is arranged on the lip side surface being positioned at patient's maxillary teeth, bracket body 32 has tongue side 42, lip side 44, occlusion side 46, gums side 48, medial extremity 50 and outboard end 52.Archwire slot 40 roughly extends on the direction of medial-lateral, such as, extend to outboard end 52 from medial extremity 50.The opposing sidewalls 56,58 that archwire slot 40 comprises base surface 54, upwards extend in lip side from base surface 54 and the opening 60 for holding arch wire 38 be positioned at the lip side 44 relative with base surface 54.The tongue side 42 of bracket body 32 is configured to be fixed on tooth in any usual manner, comprises such as by suitable orthodontic binder or binding agent or by being fixed on tooth around the belt of adjacent teeth (not shown).
Bracket body 32 can comprise further one or morely ties up the wing.As best shown in figure 2, in one embodiment, bracket body 32 can be formed and tie up the wing 62a, 62b from two occlusion sides of occlusion side 46 protrusion and tie up the wing 62c, 62d from two gums sides of gums side 48 protrusion.Tie up wing 62a-62d to allow other correction element of such as binding strap, power chain to be connected on bracket body 32.Tie up the wing although illustrate and describe, embodiments of the invention are not restricted to this, because should be appreciated that embodiments of the invention can have or can not have one or morely tie up wing 62a-62d.
In addition, as shown in Figure 2, bracket body 32 can comprise level trough 64 further, and its usual alignment is parallel to archwire slot 40 and is disposed for holding the device of temporary attachment, such as, and detachable hook (not shown).Level trough 64 can extend to outboard end 52 to form a continuous print level trough from the medial extremity 50 of bracket body 32.
With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, closure member 36 has lip side surface 66 and tongue side surface 68.As shown in Figure 3, the tongue side surface 68 of closure member 36 comprises the retention groove 70 that roughly (such as, in the direction of motion of closure member 36) extends on the direction of gums side-occlusion side.Spring catch (not shown) in bracket body 32 is contained in retention groove 70.Can be No.12/147 at serial number, find the other details of retention groove 70 and spring catch in the U. S. application owned together of 877, its full text disclosure be incorporated to by with way of reference.Therefore, closure member 36 can slide into make position from open position, and closure member 36 unexpectedly can not be removed from bracket body 32.But for keeping other device of closure member 36 to be known in the art, and therefore embodiments of the invention are not restricted to have those of retention groove/spring catch fixed mechanism.
With reference to Fig. 3, in one embodiment, the tongue side surface 68 of closure member 36 is designed to have usually by the arch wire control structure of 72 labellings.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 A, arch wire control structure 72 can be included in isolated inner side and outer side projection 74,76 or edge in inner side-lateral direction, has depression or recessed region 78 between which.Recessed region 78 can be limited to limit the recessed region 78 of rectangular shape by inner side, outside and gums sidewall 80,82,84.Recessed region 78 also can limit by recessed surperficial 86, and this recessed surface 86 embeds or is recessed in tongue side surface 68 or in lip side and is upwards biased from tongue side surface 68.Like this, recessed region 78 can be the depression that the one end in the tongue side surface 68 of closure member 36 is closed.But recessed region 78 can comprise and extends to the through hole of lip side surface 66, otch or opening through closure member 36 from tongue side surface 68.
Therefore, as shown in Figure 4 A, when closure member 36 is in detent position or binding position, the opposing sidewalls 56,58 of arch wire control structure 72, archwire slot 40 and base surface 54 form border, four sides to be remained in archwire slot 40 by arch wire 38.As known, arch wire 38 can have the cross dimension being usually less than the corresponding cross dimension on border, four sides as shown in the figure.In like fashion, arch wire 38 is not closed component 36 and is limited in tightly in archwire slot 40.Owing to having relative size difference, arch wire 38 can be bending and/or mobile in archwire slot 40 relative to orthodontic bracket 30.
Particularly, when closure member 36 is in the close position, the projection 74,76 with recessed region 78 is positioned at the lip side basis of archwire slot 40 and forms its lip lateral boundaries.Like this, the movement of arch wire 38 can cause one of arch wire 38 and projection 74,76 or both contact.Because projection 74,76 forms lip lateral boundaries, so arch wire 38 can not contact the other parts of closure member 36 over the course for the treatment of.
In addition, in this aspect, and as shown in Figure 4 A, the gums sidewall 84 in recessed region 78 can be positioned at the plane of opposing sidewalls 56 as shown in Figure, or can be positioned its occlusion side (not shown).Like this, when arch wire 38 contacts with closure member 36, its do not contact closure member 36 except one of projection 74,76 or any part except both.In other words, recessed region 78 surrounds the lip lateral boundaries between projection 74,76.
Therefore, due to the existence of arch wire control structure 72, rotatory force can be determined in advance and be controlled greatly, because the moment arm formed thus in orthodontic treatment can more greatly and more consistent.By example and as shown in Figure 4 B, arch wire 38 can be oriented to and make it contact both bracket body 32 and projection 74, thus form the moment arm 88 limited by the distance between contact point.As shown in the figure, because arch wire 38 is in this orientation, due to the existence of moment arm 88, the power 90 produced by arch wire 38 can produce moment 92, thus bracket 30 (and tooth) is turned to desired location.By comparing with the bracket 14 shown in Fig. 1, for equal bracket size, moment arm 88 at least can be equally large with moment arm 24.In addition, with reference to Fig. 4 B, due to the contact point relative constancy between arch wire 38 and bracket 30, when on closure member 36, the contact point of (namely in arch wire control structure 72) is consistent over the course for the treatment of, moment arm 88 keeps relatively consistent compared with the moment arm 24 of Fig. 1 as above.
According to embodiments of the invention, about the concordance of contact point, the contact point between bracket body 32 and closure member 36 along with treatment carrying out can substantially not offset.Therefore, moment arm and the moment that is therefore applied on tooth more consistent.Like this, rotatory force can be predicted more.By example, with reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 B, arch wire 38 can be directed relative to archwire slot 40 in uneven mode.Over the course for the treatment of, due to the movement of bracket 30, when arch wire 38 bends and form bending summit (not shown) between projection 74,76 and in recessed region 78, this summit does not contact other position.Namely, arch wire 38 not contact surface 86.Therefore, the power causing uncertain moment arm can not be produced between surface 86 and arch wire 38.In addition, arch wire 38 keeps contacting with one of projection 74,76 and moment arm 88 can keep substantially constant, until bracket 30 moves to the direction that arch wire 38 does not contact with closure member 36.Now, arch wire 38 basic concordant with archwire slot 30 (align).Although shown embodiment illustrates that arch wire 38 contacts the archwire slot 40 in projection 74 and its outboard end 52 place base surface 54, should be appreciated that the direction of arch wire 38 can reverse.Such as, arch wire 38 can have wherein in projection 76 place and the direction that comes in contact at medial extremity 50 place of base surface 54.About the benefit described by more consistent moment arm and moment and advantage above this structure is provided in, and be provided in the rotation of going up in the opposite direction with above-mentioned side.
As shown in Figure 5, in (finished) state completed, arch wire 38 can form two contact points in arch wire control structure 72.By example, arch wire 38 contacts with each of projection 74,76.At the end for the treatment of is close, arch wire by traditional binding method, such as, is tied on bracket with traditional bandage by this structural simulation, and the meticulous rotation provided controls, and the final accurate adjustment (finishing) under improving clinical setting thus.Should be appreciated that the front waist section for lower jaw and the upper jaw, the smooth joggle edges of front tooth expands the torsional deformation in rotation, thus just needs precise controlling, and can provide this precise controlling according to embodiments of the invention.
Owing to the contact point of arch wire and closure member to be limited to the concrete precalculated position in illustrated embodiment, such as projection 74,76, clinician more may can assess the clinical consequences for the change in the therapeutic process of given orthodontic bracket, arch wire and tooth orientation, or can affect a certain rotational action more quickly.In addition, the moment arm formed by the contact between arch wire and arch wire control structure can be maximized, thus with more effectively and the mode of the best rotates bracket 30 and tooth.
Various modification can be carried out according to the above description to arch wire control structure 72.Such as, can regulate to contact position needed between arch wire 38 and closure member 36 arch wire that allows specific moment or allow to use different size.In this, the degree of depth in recessed region 78 can change the change adapting to bracket and/or arch wire size.In one embodiment, recessed region 78 has minimum-depth, and its summit or most deep centre point are formed or limit the radius of curvature R being less than arch wire 38 together with the projection 74,76 on its inner side and outer side like this 1radius of curvature r 1.In addition, in this, in order to change radius of curvature r 1although illustrate that surface 86 is for having the near flat surface of sidewall 80,82,84, embodiment is according to aspects of the present invention not restricted to this.By example, surface 86 can be nonplanar surface substantially, such as, extend to the uniform arcuate shape or do not have with sidewall 80,82,84 in outside from the inner side of closure member 36.Such radius of curvature r 1can by the structure qualification of arc.By other example, radius of curvature r 1also can be limited by Else Rule and/or erose recessed region.Should be appreciated that the shape no matter caved in, the principle adopted and described feature keep similar.
In addition, in order to change the size of moment arm 88, recessed region 78 is extensible with the greater part of the tongue side surface 68 covering closure member 36.Should be appreciated that projection 74,76 moves away from each other on the direction of medial-lateral and can increase the length of moment arm 88 further.Two contact points (such as, in the base surface 54 that contact point is positioned at archwire slot 40 and another be positioned on the tongue side surface 68 of closure member 36) between distance maximize moment arm 88 maximized, thus the moment for given force is maximized.Therefore, less power can be used to provide the moment of formed objects.In one embodiment, recessed region 78 extends enough sizes along tongue side surface 68, in the inner side being positioned at closure member 36 to make projection 74,76 and outermost edges.In this case, projection 74,76 can be shown as the edge that comes to a point towards archwire slot 40 orientation respectively.
According to aspects of the present invention and with reference to Fig. 6-9 another embodiment in illustrated and in figs. 2-5 shown in those similar orthodontic brackets 100, wherein identical Reference numeral refers to identical feature.Concrete with reference to Fig. 6, orthodontic bracket 100 has bracket body 102 and binding component, closure member or U-shaped clamp 106, bracket body 102 has the groove 104 from occlusion side to gums side being positioned at archwire slot 40 tongue side, and U-shaped clamp 106 discharges from archwire slot 40 to be remained in archwire slot 40 or by arch wire 38 by arch wire 38 for moving at the square upward sliding of occlusion side-gums side in groove 104.
With reference to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, arch wire 38 is captured in archwire slot 40 by clamp 106 time in the close position.Clamp 106 from occlusion side to the groove 104 of gums side in move to make position (as shown in Figure 6) from open position, to allow arch wire 38 to remove from archwire slot 40.Clamp 106 comprises arch wire control structure 108 (being described in more detail below), and it is similar to provides predictable concordance to contact above-mentionedly between arch wire 38 and orthodontic bracket 100.
With reference to Fig. 7, clamp 106 can be roughly U-shaped, and can be made up of elastic, leaf spring material, such as cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) alloy, Ni-Ti (Ni-Ti) alloy, other marmem or other suitable material.Clamp 106 can be formed by single piece of material, and therefore the integral thickness of clamp 106 can be homogeneous.But should be appreciated that, in other factors, such as, according to bracket designs and the material making clamp 106, clamp 106 must not be homogeneous on thickness.
In one embodiment, clamp 106 has the tongue side leg 110 and lip side leg 112 that are connected by generally lateral portion section 114.Tongue side leg 110 can have adapt to from occlusion side to the homogeneous thickness of cardinal principle in the groove 104 (as shown in Fig. 6) of gums side.Tongue side leg 110 can comprise tab 116, and tab 116 substantially protrudes towards side direction portion section 114 from the lip side surface of tongue side leg 110 or otherwise provides the discontinuity of integral thickness of tongue side leg 110.Tongue side leg 110 extends through from occlusion side to the groove 104 of gums side, thus clamp 106 is resisted and unexpectedly removed, because once clamp 106 is moved to open position, tab 116 can adjoin a part for the gums side 48 of orthodontic bracket 100.Alternatively, tab 116 can adjoin time in an open position archwire slot 40 surface 56 and thus resist clamp 106 remove from bracket body 32.
Side direction portion section 114 can form substantially round and smooth arc, as shown in the figure, and can with the part cooperation being engaged side 46 and/or lip side 44 of bracket body 102, and such as can to tie up in the passage 115 between the wing 62a, 62b two occlusion sides.When clamp 106 contacts arch wire 38, the movement of clamp 106 from inner side to outside can be stablized with the other parts passage 115 that such as groove 104 is cooperated of bracket 100.The rebound performance of clamp 106 especially side direction portion section 114 can provide the clamping force being engaged the spring-like of side and lip side surface along it to resist the accidental movement of clamp 106 together with the structure of side direction portion section 114 on bracket body 102, thus exposes archwire slot 40.
With reference to Fig. 7 A and Fig. 7 B, lip side leg 112 be oriented at tongue side leg 110 cardinal principle at angle towards gums side to direction on.Lip side leg 112 has tongue side surface 118 and lip side surface 120, and when clamp 106 is in the close position, tongue side surface 118 projects to above archwire slot 40 in lip side.In addition, as shown in the figure, lip side leg 112 can broaden relative to tongue side leg 110 and/or side direction portion section 114, and can extend the size from inner side to outside of archwire slot 40, but the width of lip side leg 112 can be less than or greater than the length of archwire slot 40.
In one embodiment and with reference to Fig. 7 A and Fig. 8, lip side leg 112 comprises arcuate control structure 108, and arcuate control structure 108 can comprise the inner side and outer side projection or the wing 128,130 that extend to the inside and laterally from lip side leg 112 respectively.In addition, inboard wing 128 and ala lateralis 130 have end 132,134 respectively, and end 132,134 can roughly extend towards tongue side, to form inner side projection 138 and outside projection 140 respectively.
As shown in Figure 8, end 132,134 can be directed towards tongue side leg 110, can show greatly the arc form protruding upward in lip side bend to make lip side leg 112.By example, lip side leg 112 can be bent upwards in the side from inner side to outside above archwire slot 40, and curve or camber line can extend to outside projection 140 from inner side projection 138.In one embodiment, the curve form of clamp 106 is formed, so that clamp 106 has the permanent curvature on from inner side to lateral direction in lip side leg 112 by bending flat spring metal.
Continue with reference to Fig. 8, the curvature limited by the direction of inboard wing and ala lateralis 128,130 and end 132,134 forms recessed region 136, while projection 138,140 by spaced apart on the direction from inner side to outside above archwire slot 40.Recessed region 136 can limit by recessed surperficial 146, and this recessed surface 146 is formed by the curvature of the tongue side surface 118 of lip side leg 112.With as the projection 74,76 of the embodiment shown in Fig. 2-5, the projection 138,149 with recessed region 136 is positioned in the lip side of archwire slot 40 and forms its lip lateral boundaries, can not upwards exceed specific amount with the movement retraining or limit arch wire 38 in lip side.In other words, arch wire 38 can move to the inside or laterally, but only with gums side, occlusion side, tongue side or lip side to any one in limited side move up, wherein projection 138,140 limits the movement upwards of lip side.But recessed region 136 can comprise the through hole, otch or the opening that extend through clamp, such as, as shown in the exemplary embodiment of Figure 11.
Because arcuate control structure 108 forms lip lateral boundaries, so arch wire 38 can not contact any other parts of clamp 106 in orthodontic treatment process.In other words, and in the embodiment shown in the drawings, arch wire 38 can one of projection 138,140 of a contact clamp 106 or both.
Be similar to above-mentioned arch wire control structure 72, in orthodontic treatment process, arch wire control structure 108 can provide more concordance contact point between arch wire 38 and bracket 100.With reference to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, arch wire 38 can uneven mode directed relative to archwire slot 40.By example, arch wire 38 can be oriented to and make it contact bracket body 102 and clamp 106, and form moment arm 148 thus, moment arm 148 is limited by the distance between these two contact points.Such as, arch wire 38 can at the outboard end 52 of 150 place's contact bracket body 102 and at 152 place's contact projections 138.As shown in Figure 8, the power 154 with moment arm 148 produces moment 156, so that bracket 100 (and tooth) is turned to desired location.By compared with the bracket 14 shown in Fig. 1, for equal bracket size, moment arm 148 can be at least equally large with moment arm 24.Under any circumstance, in one embodiment and with reference to Fig. 8, due to the contact point relative constancy between arch wire 38 and bracket 100, so moment arm 148 keeps relatively consistent compared with the moment arm 24 of Fig. 1.
In addition, according to embodiments of the invention, shown in Fig. 8 in arch wire 38 and bracket body 102 and clamp 106 two-point contact structure between the two along with the carrying out treated can not offset substantially.Therefore, except one of projection 138,140 or other place except both can not produce power.Although illustrated embodiment illustrates that arch wire 38 contacts the archwire slot 40 in the base surface 54 at projection 138 and its outboard end 52 place, should be appreciated that the orientation of arch wire 38 can reverse.Such as, arch wire 38 can have wherein in the orientation that medial extremity 50 place of projection 140 and base surface 54 comes in contact.Therefore, moment arm 148 can keep constant substantially, until bracket body 102 moves to the direction that arch wire 38 does not contact with clamp 106.In this case, arch wire 38 can be substantially concordant with archwire slot 40.
As shown in Figure 9, arch wire 38 can form the contact with the two-point contact of bracket 100 or two positions, and such as, two-point contact can be included in 158 between arch wire 38 and arch wire control structure 108 and contact with 160 places.Particularly, arch wire 38 contacts with each projection 138,140.Such as, in order to provide the position of the desired contact between arch wire 38 and clamp 106, at two projections 138,140 place, the shape in recessed region 136 can change the change adapting to bracket and/or arch wire size.In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 9, recessed region 136 has minimum curvature, is combined to make its summit or the darkest central point and is formed or limit the radius of curvature R being less than arch wire 38 with projection 138,140 2radius of curvature r 2.In this, the degree of depth by increasing recessed region 136 can reduce radius of curvature r 2.Other structure in recessed region 136 can produce similar results, and such as, recessed region 136 can be less than arch wire 38 radius of curvature R by limiting 2the Else Rule of radius of curvature and erose recessed region limit.
Various in addition or optional modification can be manufactured to arch wire control structure 108 according to above-mentioned.Such as, the distance of the size of clamp 106 especially between projection 138,140 can the length of power of influence moment arm 148.Distance between two contact points maximizes and moment arm 148 is maximized, and therefore the available moment for rotating tooth maximizes.By the following length increasing moment arm 148: the width increasing lip side leg 112, and especially increase the distance between projection 138,140; Increase the overall width of lip side leg 112; Increase the size of the wing 128,130; Or the logical orientation changed between the wing 128,130 and end 132,134.In one embodiment, projection 138,140 reaches or close to the respective inside of archwire slot 40 and outside.
In addition, recessed region 136 can form rectangle, to make end 132,134 almost perpendicular to archwire slot 40.In addition, for given arch wire and archwire slot size recessed region 136 enough dark, thus the summit of arch wire 38 can not reach the other part of surface 146 or contact clamp 106 in orthodontic treatment.But even if the summit in arch wire 38 may offset, may cause due to Tooth Movement, the arch wire shown in Fig. 8 and the two-point contact between clamp 106 can not change.
Lip side leg 112 can comprise further substantially with the extension 122 that extends on leg 110 equidirectional of tongue side.Extension 122 is fitted in the retention groove 124 that formed by the lip side retainer 126 (shown in Figure 6) extended between the wing 62c, 62d.Extension 122 comparable tongue side leg 110 or lip side leg 112 or side direction portion section 114 narrow, identical with its width or wider than it.When clamp 106 is in the close position, extension 122 also can stablize clamp 106, make its when contacting with arch wire 38 can not medial-lateral mobile.In addition, extension 122 can contact lip side retainer 126 and inadvertently discharges arch wire 38 substantially to prevent clamp 106.In like fashion, when arch wire 38 is in the not parallel orientation relative to archwire slot 40, extension 122 can stablize the contact position between arch wire control structure 108 and arch wire 38 further.The lip side of arch wire 38 is moved and can be extended portion 122 and limit further, thus contact point between arch wire 38 and projection 138,140 is more consistent, because clamp 106 can not bend or distortion substantially.Although Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 illustrates that clamp 106 comprises extension 122, should be appreciated that clamp 106 must not have extension 122, and substantially can not bend or distortion under being designed to the load that may stand during using clamp 106.
In the another embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 10-14, wherein identical Reference numeral refers to the same characteristic features of Fig. 6-9, and orthodontic bracket 200 is similar to the bracket 100 shown in Fig. 6-9.Concrete with reference to Figure 10, orthodontic bracket 200 comprises bracket body 202 and in this embodiment for the side of U-shaped clamp 204 determines or closure member, this closure member is moving from occlusion side to the square upward sliding of gums side in groove 104.
Clamp 204 is similar to the clamp 106 shown in Fig. 7 in some aspects.Therefore, as shown in Figure 10, when in the closed position, arch wire 38 is captured in archwire slot 40 by clamp 204.Clamp 204 moving to open position and remove from archwire slot 40 to allow arch wire 38 in occlusion side to the groove 104 of gums side.
Clamp 204 comprises arch wire control structure 206 (being described in more detail below), and it provides more predictable concordance to contact between arch wire 38 and orthodontic bracket 200.In this, the contact between arch wire 38 and clamp 204 is limited to particular location by arch wire control structure 206.In addition, this particular location can be determined in advance and substantially not offset in orthodontic treatment process.By example, arch wire control structure 206 can provide two-point contact between orthodontic bracket 200 and arch wire 38.In this case, arch wire 38 can at a position contact bracket body 202 and at a position contact clamp 204.Particularly, contact point can comprise the contact point in arch wire control structure 206, and the contact point at the medial extremity 50 of the base surface 54 of archwire slot 40 or outboard end 52 place.In one embodiment, the contact between arch wire 38 and clamp 204 is limited to one or two preposition by arch wire control structure 206.Two-point contact also can comprise the contact between two positions in arch wire 38 and arch wire control structure 206.Namely, arch wire 38 does not contact with bracket body 202.In addition, according to embodiments of the invention, and four point cantact between arch wire 38 and orthodontic bracket 200 can also be expected at 3.
With reference to Figure 11, that clamp 204 can be roughly U-shaped and can be made up of the metal that the resilience of monolithic, spring material are such as suitable.Metal can be cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) alloy, Ni-Ti (Ni-Ti) alloy, other marmem or other suitable material.Therefore, the integral thickness of clamp 204 can be homogeneous.Clamp 204 is formed by flat spring metal is bent to U-shaped.Such as, but understand, basis, in other factors, bracket designs and make the material of clamp 204, clamp 204 must not be homogeneous on thickness.In one embodiment, clamp 204 is made up of flat spring metal.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 11, clamp 204 has the tongue side leg 208 and lip side leg 210 that are connected by side direction portion section 212.The thickness of tongue side leg 208 is substantially homogeneous and is fitted to from occlusion side in the groove 104 of gums side.Tongue side leg 208 can comprise the similar tab 216 of tab 116 shown in function and Fig. 7.
Side direction portion section 212 can form roughly round and smooth arc, as shown in the figure, and can with the part cooperation being engaged side 46 and/or lip side 44 of bracket body 202.In one embodiment, the rebound performance of clamp 204 can provide the clamping force of spring-like together with the structure of side direction portion section 212, its improve between clamp 204 and bracket body 202 along its occlusion side and friction of a lip side surface part resist the accidental movement of clamp 204, thus exposure archwire slot 40.
In one embodiment, clamp 204 can be formed lip side leg 210 is protruded from side direction portion section 212 to gums side to form U-shaped cross section.In the structure shown here, lip side surface 218 forms a part for the lip side 44 of bracket 200, but embodiments of the invention are not limited thereto, because a part for lip side leg 210 and/or side direction portion section 212 can extend across be formed at groove in bracket body 202 or other depression on its occlusion side 46.In addition, when clamp 204 is in the close position, the tongue side surface 220 of lip side leg 210 labiad side above archwire slot 40 is protruded, and as shown in Figure 13, and forms its lip lateral boundaries.
In the exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 10-14, lip side leg 210 comprises inboard portion 222 and Outboard Sections 224.Inner side and outer side part 222,224 can limit the otch 230 of roughly U-shaped, instead of the recessed region between inboard portion 222 and Outboard Sections 224, such lip side leg 210 is revealed as and is divided into two parts, and namely, clamp 204 can be so-called bifurcated clamp.Otch can have degree of depth D the summit from the end of inner side and outer side part 222,224 to otch 230, and it is greater than the size from occlusion side to gums side of archwire slot 40.Such as, but should be appreciated that, inner side and outer side part 222,224 can limit other structure, has the rectangular recess of same depth D.
In addition, as illustrated in the best in Figure 11 and 13, lip side leg 210 can broaden relative to tongue side leg 208 and side direction portion section 212.In this, the inboard portion 222 of lip side leg 210 and Outboard Sections 224 can be spaced apart along archwire slot 40 on the direction from inner side to outside.Particularly, the size from inner side to outside of the outer ledge from the inside edge of inboard portion 222 to Outboard Sections 224 can be greater than the width of side direction portion section 212 and/or tongue side leg 208.But the full-size from inner side to outside of lip side leg 210 can be less than or greater than the size of archwire slot 40.In one embodiment, the Breadth Maximum of lip side leg 210 can extend the overall width from inner side to side dimension of archwire slot 40 or close with it.
As shown in Figure 11,12 and 13, in one embodiment, lip side leg 210 comprises arch wire control structure 206.Arch wire control structure 206 can comprise respective inside and outside tongue side surface 232a, 232b of inboard portion 222 and Outboard Sections 224.With above-described projection 74,76 and projection 138,140 the same, when clamp 204 is in the close position, inner side and outer side tongue side surface 232a, 232b are located in the lip side of archwire slot 40.To retrain or to limit arch wire 38, in lip side, movement is upwards no more than specific amount to the lip lateral boundaries of surface 232a and 232b formation archwire slot 40.In one embodiment, in orthodontic treatment process, arch wire 38 can not contact the other part of clamp 204.In other words, and in an illustrated embodiment, arch wire control structure 206 contact between arch wire 38 and clamp 204 is defined in inner side and outer side tongue side surface 232a, 232b one or both.Because contact point is restricted to two concrete precalculated positions, such as, inner side and outer side tongue side surface 232a, 232b, clinician more may can assess the clinical consequences for the change in the therapeutic process of given orthodontic bracket, arch wire and tooth orientation.In addition, as described in more detail below, by arch wire 38 and arch wire control structure 206 and the contact between arch wire 38 and bracket body 202 and the moment arm formed is more consistent during therapeutic process.
By example and with reference to Figure 12, arch wire 38 can uneven mode directed relative to archwire slot 40, with the arch wire control structure 206 making it contact bracket body 202 and clamp 204.The moment arm 236 that distance between this orientation defines by two contact points limits.Particularly, arch wire 38 can contact with bracket body 202 and contact with inner side tongue side surface 232a at position 240 place of arch wire control structure 206 in position 238 place of archwire slot 40 in base surface 54, thus forms moment arm 236.When arch wire 38 applies to have the power 244 of moment arm 236, moment 246 will be produced for rotating bracket 200 and tooth.
In addition, according to embodiments of the invention, even if arch wire can move in archwire slot 40 or bend, the two-point contact structure as shown in figure 12 and figure 13 between bracket body 202 and clamp 204 also can not offset along with the carrying out of orthodontic treatment.Such as, over the course for the treatment of, arch wire 38 bending and the summit (not shown) bent to be formed between the inboard portion 222 of lip side leg 210 and Outboard Sections 224 namely in otch 230 time, except inner side and outer side tongue side surface 232a, 232b one or both, arch wire 38 does not contact clamp 204.Because arch wire control structure 206 is by contacting two positions be defined on clamp 204, so moment arm 236 can not change substantially over the course for the treatment of.Therefore, such as by change arch wire 38, adjustment force 244 can produce the more predictable rotational motion of bracket 200.Although illustrated embodiment illustrates that arch wire 38 contacts the archwire slot 40 in inner side tongue side surface 232a and its outboard end 52 place base surface 54, should be appreciated that the orientation of arch wire 38 can reverse.Such as, arch wire 38 can have and wherein forms with medial extremity 50 place of base surface 54 orientation contacted at outside tongue side surface 232b.
According to above-mentioned and with reference to Figure 13, the various structures of arch wire control structure 206 can be used for controlling contact point.Such as, the degree of depth D of otch 230 can be enough to the Contact preventing arch wire 38 and the surface except surperficial 232a and 232b.Namely, if there occurs bending over the course for the treatment of, otch 230 can be enough to allow the bending of arch wire 38 or summit through inboard portion 222 and Outboard Sections 224.Particularly, in one embodiment, for given arch wire and archwire slot size, the degree of depth D of otch 230 is enough to the summit 242 of otch 230 to be positioned in the plane of opposing sidewalls 56, or is positioned its gums side, as shown in the figure.But degree of depth D can be depending on the shape of side direction portion section 212 and lip side leg 210.Under any circumstance, even if the summit on arch wire 38 can offset, this may be that the two-point contact between arch wire 38 as shown in figure 12 and figure 13 and clamp 204 in fact also can not change because the movement of tooth or the installation of arch wire 38 cause.Therefore, moment arm 236 can keep substantially constant, until bracket 200 moves to the direction that moment arm 236 no longer exists namely tooth arrival selected location.
In addition, the change for moment arm 236 is selected by the structure changing inboard portion 222 and Outboard Sections 224.Such as, although illustrate that inboard portion 222 and Outboard Sections 224 have the axis (namely, symmetrical bifurcated) of the longitudinal axis symmetry about clamp 204, embodiments of the invention are not restricted to this.Therefore, the position of inboard portion 222 and Outboard Sections 224 can be spaced apart unequally relative to the size from inner side to outside of archwire slot 40.Similar, inboard portion 222 and Outboard Sections 224 width relative to each other can change and can change moment arm 236.By other example, by increasing the width of lip side leg 210 and the distance especially between inboard portion 222 and Outboard Sections 224; By increasing the overall width from inner side to outside of lip side leg 210; Or by reducing one or both respective sizes of inboard portion 222 and Outboard Sections 224, the length of moment arm 236 can be increased.In other words, the distance of the size of clamp 204 especially between inner side and outer side tongue side surface 232a, 232b can the length of power of influence moment arm 236.
Should be appreciated that, between two contact points, the distance of (such as, between the contact in the contact in the base surface 54 of archwire slot 40 and the arch wire control structure 206 of clamp 204) maximizes and moment arm 236 is maximized, thus rotates and control to maximize.Should also be clear that less power can produce the moment of equal size due to consistent moment arm more energetically.By compared with the bracket 14 shown in Fig. 1, for equal bracket size, the moment arm 236 of embodiment shown in Figure 10 at least can be equally large with moment arm 24.In addition, with reference to Figure 12, due to contact position (that is, at the 238 and 240 places) relative constancy between arch wire 38 and bracket 200, so compared with the moment arm 24 of Fig. 1 as above, moment arm 236 keeps relatively consistent.
With reference to Figure 10,11 and 13, in one embodiment, inboard portion 222 and Outboard Sections 224 can comprise opposed extension 226,228 respectively further.Opposed extension 226,228 extends in the direction roughly the same with tongue side leg 208 from inboard portion 222 with Outboard Sections 224 respectively.The part that opposed extension 226,228 can be configured to contact bracket body 202 inadvertently discharges arch wire 38 substantially to prevent clamp 204 over the course for the treatment of.Such as, opposed extension 226,228 can be fitted in the inner side and outer side retention groove (not shown) of formation in the opposing sidewalls 58 of the archwire slot 40 of bracket body 202.In this, when arch wire 38 is in orientation uneven relative to archwire slot 40, opposed extension 226,228 can stablize the contact position between arch wire control structure 206 and arch wire 38 further.In addition, opposed extension 226,228 can allow the power 244 at contact position place larger, and the moment 246 therefore acted on bracket 200 is larger, thus rotates tooth more quickly.The same with the extension 122 of the clamp 106 of Fig. 7, when clamp 204 is in the close position, opposed extension 226,228 can also stablize clamp 204, makes it can not move from inner side to outside because of with slidingly contacting of arch wire 38.Although Figure 10 and Figure 11 illustrates that clamp 204 comprises opposed extension 226,228, but should be appreciated that clamp 204 must not have opposed extension 226,228, and be designed to using substantially not bending under the load that may stand in the process of clamp 204 or distortion.
As mentioned above and as shown in Figure 14, arch wire 38 can form two contact points in arch wire control structure 206.Such as, arch wire 38 can contact with inner side and outer side tongue side surface 232a, 232b at position 248 and 250 place respectively.Be similar to previous embodiment, treatment close at the end of, this structure can simulate meticulous the rotations control provided by traditional binding method, and improve thus under clinical setting final accurate adjustment.
For this reason, in order to provide desirable contact position between arch wire 38 and clamp 204, the size of clamp 204 can be similar to above-mentioned changing like that.Such as, the distance between the inboard portion 222 of lip side leg 210 and Outboard Sections 224 can change the change adapting to bracket and/or arch wire size.In one embodiment, the distance between inboard portion 222 and Outboard Sections 224 allows arch wire 38 to bend to minimum curvature.But, different from above-mentioned embodiments of the invention, because otch 230 is open, the therefore radius of curvature r of clamp 204 3not by the restriction of the 3rd position between inboard portion 222 and Outboard Sections 224.Therefore, when arch wire forms summit between inboard portion 222 and Outboard Sections 224, this summit can through but not with the other part contact of clamp 204.Therefore, as shown in Figure 14, radius of curvature r 3be less than the radius of curvature R of arch wire 38 3.
Although above-mentioned exemplary embodiment comprises the so-called orthodontic bracket from binding bracket, namely, bracket comprises movable closure member, such as, bind carriage or clamp, but embodiments of the invention are not restricted to the bracket being designed with connection movable closure member thereon.In this, such as, and by example, embodiments of the invention comprise detachable binding component, elasticity or resilience cover, it is not intended to for good and all be connected on bracket, and is configured for the individual component being selectively connected on bracket or removing from bracket.
Therefore, in the another embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16, wherein identical Reference numeral refers to the same characteristic features of accompanying drawing 2-14, in this embodiment, correction component 300 is detachable binding component or cover, and it can be fixed on traditional Edgewise brackets (edgewisebracket).By example, this component (although within a context for certainly binding bracket) is at the Application U.S. Serial No No.12/622 of that own together, common pending trial, and described by having in 090, its full text disclosure is incorporated to by with way of reference.Component 300 to be attachable on the Edgewise brackets 302 that has and tie up wing 311a-d and can be made up of elastomeric material or duroplasts, but component 300 can be made up of other suitable material.
As shown in Figure 15, component 300 is configured to be releasably connected to bracket 302, and is captured in archwire slot 40 by arch wire 38 when being connected on bracket 302.Component 300 is included in the arch wire control structure 304 providing predictable concordance to contact between arch wire 38 and component 300.With each above-mentioned arch wire control structure 72,108,206 the same, arch wire controlling organization 304 can provide the two-point contact between Edgewise brackets 302 and arch wire 38 or the two-point contact between arch wire 38 and component 300.
For this reason, in the exemplary embodiment of shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16, component 300 comprises the main body 306 with lip side and tongue side surface 308,310.In one embodiment, tongue side surface 310 comprises the arch wire control structure 304 on it.By example, arch wire control structure 304 can comprise and is recessed into isolated first projection 312 and the second projection 314 in region 316.Projection 312,314 is constructed similarly by with projection 74,76 as above or projection 138,140, and has similar function.Similarly, recessed region 316 is configured to be similar to recessed region 78,136, and has similar function.Therefore, recessed region 316 can comprise the depression (as shown in the figure) closed one end and maybe can comprise through hole or otch.In one embodiment, recessed region 316 is limited by medial wall 322, lateral wall 324, occlusion sidewall 326, gums sidewall 328 and recessed surface 330.Recessed surface 330 is similar to above-mentioned surface 86,146.
Component 300 also comprises engagement member, and such as, from the engagement member 318,320 that main body 306 extends, they are configured to connecting elements 300 and bracket 302 releasedly.Such as, in one embodiment, engagement member 318,320 can comprise a pair stretchable closed hoop.Engagement member 318,320 can be stretched to be tied up above wing 311a-d and to fix with tying up wing 311a-d.Should be appreciated that component 300 or its part can project in archwire slot 40.
When being fixed to bracket 302, a part for the tongue side surface 308 of main body 306 extends above archwire slot 40, as shown in the figure.Therefore, arch wire control structure 304 forms the lip lateral boundaries of archwire slot 40.As described in above-mentioned exemplary embodiment, arch wire 38 can move up in inner side and outer side side.But arch wire control structure 304 is limited in lip side and moves up and exceed specific range.By example, the first and second projections 312,314 can form the lip lateral boundaries of archwire slot 40.Therefore, align if arch wire 38 is abundant, then arch wire 38 can contact any one or both of projection 312,314 not parallelly.By controlling contact position, the moment arm formed by the contact between arch wire control structure 304 and arch wire 38 and the contact between base surface 54 and arch wire 38 can be controlled.In order to control contact position, in one embodiment, be engaged sidewall 326 be positioned to be engaged with the occlusion sidewall 56 of archwire slot 40 or its side identical from tongue side to the plane of lip side.In another embodiment, gums sidewall 328 be in identical with the gums side 58 of archwire slot 40 or its gums side from tongue side to the plane of lip side in.Should be appreciated that and can wish to form chamber or through hole in main body 306, instead of the recessed region 316 that one end is closed.
In another embodiment of the invention, a kind of method of correcting dislocation tooth comprises and will be applied on the tooth of patient according to multiple orthodontic brackets of at least one embodiment structure of the present invention as shown in Fig. 2,6,10 and 15, and utilize in the close position in closure member, such as closure member 36, clamp 106, clamp 204 or detachable binding component 300, arch wire 38 is remained in the corresponding archwire slot 40 of orthodontic bracket, to make arch wire 38 contact arch wire control structure, the such as first or second projection 74,76 one of at least; First or second projection 138,140 one of at least; First or second tongue side surface 232a, 232b one of at least; Or projection 312,314 one of at least, and do not contact the other part of closure member 36, clamp 106, clamp 204 or component 300.Such as, arch wire 38 can not contact recessed region 78, recessed region 136 or recessed region 316.
In one embodiment, the recessed region 78,136 or 316 of closure member 36, clamp 106 or component 300 and the first and second projections 74,76 or 138,140 or 312,314 limit corresponding curved surface respectively, and the radius of curvature of the respective curved of curved surface is less than the radius of curvature of the part of the arch wire 38 remained in corresponding bracket respectively.
In another embodiment, the method comprises by making the first projection 74,138 or 312 of arch wire 38 and such as at least one bracket or surperficial 232a and the second projection 76,140,314 or surperficial 232b contact and keep arch wire 38.
In another embodiment again, the method of correcting dislocation tooth comprises according to orthodontic bracket 30, 100, at least one multiple orthodontic bracket constructed of 200 and 302 are applied on the tooth of patient, and utilize such as in the close position in closure member 36, clamp 106, arch wire 38 is remained on orthodontic bracket 30 by clamp 204 or component 300, 100, 200, in the corresponding archwire slot 40 of 302, projection 74 is contacted to make arch wire 38, 76, 138, 140, 312, 314 one of at least, and do not contact recessed region 78, 136, surface 86 in 316, 146, 330.
In another embodiment, the surface 86,146,330 in the recessed region 78,136 or 316 of closure member 36, clamp 106 or 204 or component 300 and projection 74,76; 138,140 or 312,314 limit corresponding bending respectively, and the radius of curvature of respective curved is less than the radius of curvature of the part of the arch wire 38 remained in relevant bracket respectively.In addition, keep arch wire 38 to comprise further and the medial extremity 50 of arch wire 38 and at least one bracket and outboard end 52 are contacted, the medial extremity 50 of the base surface 54 of such as archwire slot or outboard end 52.
Although describe in detail these embodiments although illustrated the present invention by describing various preferred embodiment and compared, the wish of applicant is not the range constraint of claims or is restricted to by any way in these details.Other advantage and modification are apparent to those skilled in the art.Various feature discussed here can as required and the preference of user be used alone or use in any combination.This description is described together with current known method of the present invention of putting into practice illustrative aspects of the present invention and embodiment.But the present invention itself should be only defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. an orthodontic bracket, comprising:
Bracket body, it is configured to be suitable for being fixed on tooth, and comprise medial extremity, outboard end, tongue side, lip side and cardinal principle extend to outboard end archwire slot from medial extremity, described archwire slot comprises base surface and is engaged sidewall and gums sidewall, described occlusion sidewall and gums sidewall upwards extend from base surface in lip side, and described archwire slot also comprises the opening for holding arch wire be positioned on the lip side relative with base surface; And
Closure member, it can move between the open and the closed positions, described closure member is connected on described bracket body to remain in archwire slot by arch wire in described make position, and comprise the tongue side with arch wire control structure, the recessed region that described arch wire control structure is included in isolated first and second projections on the direction from inner side to outside and is positioned between the two, described projection extends towards described archwire slot;
Wherein, the female region and described first and second projections are positioned at the top of archwire slot, when described closure member is in described make position, described first and second projections with described first projection near the medial extremity of described archwire slot and described second projection is positioned at the top of described archwire slot near the mode of the outboard end of described archwire slot, and, when described closure elements is in described make position, at least one of the first or second projection is suitable for contacting with arch wire.
2. orthodontic bracket according to claim 1, wherein, the female region also comprises one of gums sidewall and occlusion sidewall, it to limit from the tongue side surface of described closure member in lip side to the surface be recessed on together with described first and second projections, and, when described closure member is in described make position, the gums sidewall in the female region is positioned in the gums side of the gums sidewall of described archwire slot, or the occlusion sidewall in the female region is positioned in the occlusion side of the occlusion sidewall of described archwire slot.
3. orthodontic bracket according to claim 1, wherein, the female region also comprises gums sidewall and occlusion sidewall, they to limit from the tongue side surface of closure member in lip side to the surface be recessed on together with described first and second projections, and, the gums sidewall in the female region is positioned in the gums side of the gums sidewall of described archwire slot, and the occlusion sidewall in the female region is positioned in the occlusion side of the occlusion sidewall of described archwire slot.
4. an orthodontic bracket, comprising:
Bracket body, it is configured to be suitable for being fixed on tooth, and comprise medial extremity, outboard end, tongue side, lip side, occlusion side, gums side, roughly extend to the groove from occlusion side to gums side of gums side from being engaged side and roughly extending to the archwire slot of outboard end from medial extremity, described archwire slot comprises base surface and respectively from the opposing sidewalls that base surface upwards extends in lip side, and is positioned at the opening for holding arch wire on the lip side relative with base surface; And
Clamp, it can move between the open and the closed positions, described clamp is connected on bracket body to remain in archwire slot by arch wire in described make position, described clamp comprises the tongue side leg and lip side leg that are connected by side direction portion section, described clamp has roughly U-shaped cross section, described tongue side leg is configured to cooperate slidably from being engaged the groove of side to gums side with described, and described lip side leg comprises the tongue side with arch wire control structure, described arch wire control structure comprises inner side and outer side projection and recessed region between the two;
Wherein, when described clamp is in described make position, described arch wire control structure is positioned at the top of described archwire slot, and at least one of described inner side and outer side projection is suitable for contacting with arch wire when described clamp is in described make position.
5. orthodontic bracket according to claim 4, wherein, described bracket body also comprises lip side retainer, and described lip side leg comprises extension, and described extension is configured to move with the lip side limiting arch wire with the retainer cooperation of described lip side.
6. orthodontic bracket according to claim 4, wherein, when described arch wire and described inner side and outer side projection one or both contact time, the radius of curvature limited by described inner side and outer side projection and described surface is less than the radius of curvature that described arch wire limits.
7. orthodontic bracket according to claim 4, wherein, described inner side projection near the medial extremity of described archwire slot and described outside projection near the outboard end of described archwire slot.
8. the correction component used together with orthodontic bracket, described orthodontic bracket is configured to be suitable for being fixed on tooth, and comprise medial extremity, outboard end, tongue side, lip side, occlusion side, gums side, tie up the wing and roughly extend to the archwire slot of outboard end from medial extremity, described archwire slot comprises base surface and gums sidewall and is engaged sidewall, described gums sidewall and occlusion sidewall upwards extend from base surface in lip side, described archwire slot also comprises the opening for holding arch wire be positioned on the lip side relative with base surface, and described correction component comprises:
Main body, it is configured to cover described bracket at least partially when described correction component is connected on bracket, described main body has lip side and tongue side surface and the arch wire control structure comprised in its tongue side surface, and described arch wire control structure comprises and is recessed into isolated inner side and outer side, region projection; And
Engagement member, it extends from described main body, and is configured to tie up the wing so that described correction component is removably connected to described bracket described in joint;
Wherein, when arch wire is located in archwire slot and described correction component is connected to bracket, described inner side and outer side projection is positioned at the top of described archwire slot and is configured to contact with arch wire.
9. correction component according to claim 8, wherein, the female region is limited by gums sidewall and occlusion sidewall, wherein, the gums sidewall in the female region is positioned at the gums side of the gums sidewall of described archwire slot, and the occlusion sidewall in the female region is positioned at the occlusion side of the occlusion sidewall of described archwire slot.
10. correct a method for dislocation tooth, comprising:
Be applied on patient teeth by multiple orthodontic bracket, each bracket comprises:
Bracket body, it archwire slot comprising medial extremity, outboard end, tongue side, lip side and substantially extend to outboard end from medial extremity, described archwire slot comprises base surface and is engaged sidewall and gums sidewall, described occlusion sidewall and gums sidewall upwards extend from base surface in lip side, and described archwire slot also comprises the opening for holding arch wire be positioned on the lip side relative with base surface; And
Binding component, described binding component is connected on described bracket body to be remained on by arch wire in described archwire slot and to comprise the tongue side with arch wire control structure, described arch wire control structure is included in isolated first and second projections on from inner side to lateral direction, and described projection extends towards described archwire slot;
Wherein, described first and second projections are positioned at the top of described archwire slot, wherein, described first projection near the medial extremity of described archwire slot and described second projection near the outboard end of described archwire slot, further, at least one of the first and second projections described in when described binding component is connected on described bracket body is suitable for contacting with arch wire; And
Arch wire is remained in the corresponding archwire slot of described orthodontic bracket, contact at least one of described first and second projections to make arch wire and do not contact the other parts of described binding component.
CN201410557551.8A 2009-01-16 2010-01-18 Orthodontic bracket and method of correcting malpositioned teeth Pending CN104644277A (en)

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US20170027666A1 (en) 2017-02-02
CN102348427A (en) 2012-02-08
CN102348427B (en) 2014-11-26
US20150209121A1 (en) 2015-07-30
JP2012515067A (en) 2012-07-05
US20180042700A1 (en) 2018-02-15
US20100261131A1 (en) 2010-10-14
US9492247B2 (en) 2016-11-15
EP2387370A1 (en) 2011-11-23
WO2010083491A1 (en) 2010-07-22
US9004916B2 (en) 2015-04-14
EP2387370A4 (en) 2015-08-26

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Application publication date: 20150527