CN104639955A - Method for detecting quality problems of MPEG2-TS VBR (moving picture experts group-transport stream variable bit rate) code stream - Google Patents
Method for detecting quality problems of MPEG2-TS VBR (moving picture experts group-transport stream variable bit rate) code stream Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/24—Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of server load, available bandwidth, upstream requests
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/442—Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed, the storage space available from the internal hard disk
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting quality problems of an MPEG2-TS VBR (moving picture experts group - transport stream variable bit rate) code stream. The method comprises the following steps of enabling collecting equipment to capture a data packet on the MPEG2-TS code stream which is encoded on the basis of the VBR at a video server exit, a network intermediate point or a video terminal; performing protocol analyzing on the MPEG2-TS code stream, detecting an MPEG2-TS data packet containing a PCR (program reference clock), and calculating the time difference T between the two adjacent PCR TS packets, and the time difference Tb between the two adjacent PCR values By monitoring a PCR segment of the MPEG2-TS code stream, the playing time length of the received VBR video stream is calculated, the lengthening and consumption process of a terminal video buffer area is simulated, and then the quality problems of picture distortion or discontinuity and the like of the video can be detected by an upper overflow event or a lower overflow event of the buffer area. The method has the advantage that the quality problems of picture distortion or discontinuity and the like of the video can be effectively detected.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to multimedia communication technical field of measurement and test, relate to a kind of detection method, particularly relate to a kind of method detecting MPEG2-TS VBR code stream quality problems.
Background technology
Constant bit rate (CBR) coding techniques is adopted to compress and transmitting video-frequency flow traditional digital television business (as DVB, IPTV).The advantage adopting CBR coding realizes reliable Video service quality assurance than being easier to, and CBR code stream requires all relatively low to the implementation complexity of the flow-control administration of the performance management of video server, the buffer management of television terminal and IP bearer network.The major defect of CBR coding is that video compression efficiency is lower, and especially high definition CBR video flowing often needs to take a large amount of transmission bandwidth resources.
In recent years, along with popularizing of high-resolution liquid crystal TV, the demand of people to viewing HD video program is also more and more vigorous.On the other hand, new video coding technique and standard (as H.264, H.265) also continue to bring out, and these new technologies have employed variable bit rate (VBR) coding techniques more to improve compression and the efficiency of transmission of video.Adopt VBR coding techniques, programme content (as news hookup) for relative quiescent can realize the coding of high compression ratio with lower code check, switch for background frame the definition that program (as competitive sports) frequently then needs to realize with higher code check coding guarantee picture.Because the code check amplitude of variation of VBR video flowing is comparatively large, this has higher requirement to the implementation complexity of video server, IP bearer network, television terminal and performance management.
Traditional MDI standard can not be applicable to VBR code stream completely.For the MPEG2-TS(Transport Stream " transport stream " that traditional IPTV adopts; Also known as TS, TP, MPEG-TS or M2T) test of the video quality of CBR code stream, ietf standard is organized and has been issued RFC 4445 MDI specification.Main definitions two parameters in MDI standard: i.e. media loss rate (MLR) and retardation coefficient (DF).
MDI:MLR media loss rate simply can be defined as the quantity that each second loses the media data packet of (or improper).When MLR is non-zero, then the part audio-video frequency content meaning in this MPEG2-TS code stream is lost or impaired, generally can cause distortion (as mosaic, flower screen) phenomenon.According to its test philosophy, MLR test index is all same being suitable for for CBR and VBR code stream.
MDI:DF retardation coefficient is a time value, represents that data that the buffering area of Set Top Box must hold how many milliseconds could be eliminated Media Stream and shake.This parameter is actually the fluctuation situation reflecting video flowing code check, and code check is more constant, then MDI:DF value is less; Otherwise it is then larger.If MDI:DF value is excessive, exceed the tolerance limit of Set Top Box buffering area, buffer overflow or underflow will have been caused.Buffer overflow can cause the loss of media data packet, causes distortion; Buffer underflow can cause can, for decoding, causing picture card to pause without bit stream data.For normal CBR video flowing, MDI:DF value fluctuates within generally remaining on less scope; When there is performance issue in video server or IP network, MDI:DF value often obviously becomes large, therefore IPTV testing equipment can evaluate CBR video flow quality (i.e. code check stability) effectively according to MDI:DF value, and carries out alarm to the code check fluctuation situation of exception.
Inherently there is very great fluctuation process because VBR encoding characteristics determines its code stream bit rate, it is obviously inappropriate for therefore continuing to continue to use MDI:DF standard to evaluate the code stream quality of VBR video, can produce a large amount of MDI:DF values like this and to exceed standard the mistake alarm caused.But when transmitting IP video frequency program with VBR code stream, because Set Top Box buffer size is limited, if the code stream output timing of video server has problems or IP network delay variation is excessive, still the problem of Set Top Box buffer overflow or underflow can be caused, cause picture mosaic or Caton phenomenon, therefore industry evaluates the quality of VBR video flowing in the urgent need to a kind of new method of testing, and carries out alarm to its video quality problems.
In the cataloged procedure of MPEG2-TS code stream, have a frequency to be the system clock of 27MHz (STC) in encoder, this clock is used for producing the instruction correct display of audio frequency and video and the timestamp of decoding.In MPEG2-TS code stream, contain the field that is called as Program Clock Reference label (PCR), this field is used to refer to the instantaneous value of system clock itself, and it is placed in the self adaptation district in TS packet header by regularly (every 40ms) transmission.Not only can obtain correct decode time by PCR value, can also be used to calculate the information that TS stream rate etc. is relevant with the time.
For the MPEG2-TS code stream of CBR coding, the speed due to code stream is constant, therefore can estimate that video can playing duration according to the code stream byte number received divided by nominal code flow rate.But for the video flowing of VBR coding, because stream rate is constantly in change, therefore above computational methods are just no longer applicable.
In view of this, nowadays in the urgent need to designing a kind of new method to detect MPEG2-TS VBR code stream quality problems, to overcome now methodical above-mentioned defect.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: provide a kind of method detecting MPEG2-TS VBR code stream quality problems, effectively can detect video and occur the quality problems such as distortion or card pause.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Detect a method for MPEG2-TS VBR code stream quality problems, described method comprises the steps:
Step S1, at video server outlet, network intermediate point or video terminal, packet capture is carried out to the MPEG2-TS code stream of encoding based on variable bit rate VBR by collecting device; By in video terminal buffer can playing duration BT initialization, BT=0; By video card long FT initialization immediately, FT=0; 1 will be set to by buffer flag Flag first; Go to step S2;
Step S2, protocol analysis is carried out to MPEG2-TS code stream, detect the MPEG2-TS packet comprising Program Clock Reference PCR, wrap hereinafter referred to as PCR TS, calculate the time difference Ta that two adjacent PCR TS wrap, and calculate the time difference Tb of these two adjacent PCR values;
Suppose that the packet capture time tag that the n-th TS wraps is Timestamp (n), its PCR value is PCR (n), then Ta=Timestamp (n+1)-Timestamp (n), Tb=PCR (n+1)-PCR (n), Ta and Tb are all in units of millisecond; Go to step S3;
If step S3 is buffer flag Flag=1 first, then in computing terminal buffering area can displaying video duration: BT=BT+Tb; Go to step S4; If buffer flag Flag=0 first, in computing terminal buffering area can displaying video duration: BT=BT+Tb – Ta; Go to step S5;
Whether step S4, inspection BT reach the duration of the buffering first B1 of terminal, if BT < is B1, then jump to step S2; Otherwise Flag is set to 0, represents that terminal has terminated buffer stage first, can displaying video be started, namely consume buffer contents, and jump to step S2;
Step S5, judge whether BT is less than 0, if BT < 0, then system prompt " card may appear in video ", video card is long FT=FT+absolute value BT immediately, and BT is reset to 0, then jumps to step S7; Otherwise go to step S6;
Step S6, judge whether BT is greater than B2, if BT > B2, wherein B2 be terminal buffer open ended maximum can displaying video duration, then system prompt " buffer overflow alarm may occur distortion ", arranges BT=B2; Go to step S7;
Whether step S7, inspection video flowing terminate, if do not terminate, then jump to step S2, otherwise terminate algorithm.
A kind of method detecting MPEG2-TS VBR code stream quality problems, by the PCR field of monitoring MPEG2-TS code stream calculate the VBR video flowing received can playing duration, and pseudo-terminal screen buffer increases and consumption process, then detect video according to buffer overflow or underflow event and occur the quality problems that distortion or card pause.
As one embodiment of the present invention, described method comprises the steps:
Step S1, at video server outlet, network intermediate point or video terminal, packet capture is carried out to the MPEG2-TS code stream of encoding based on variable bit rate VBR by collecting device; By in video terminal buffer can playing duration BT initialization; By video card long FT initialization immediately; A will be set to by buffer flag Flag first; Go to step S2;
Step S2, protocol analysis is carried out to MPEG2-TS code stream, detect the MPEG2-TS packet comprising Program Clock Reference PCR, wrap hereinafter referred to as PCR TS, calculate the time difference Ta that two adjacent PCR TS wrap, and calculate the time difference Tb of these two adjacent PCR values; Go to step S3;
If step S3 is buffer flag Flag=a first, then in computing terminal buffering area can displaying video duration: BT=BT+Tb; Go to step S4;
If buffer flag Flag=0 first, in computing terminal buffering area can displaying video duration: BT=BT+Tb – Ta; Go to step S5;
Whether step S4, inspection BT reach the duration of the buffering first B1 of terminal, if BT < is B1, then jump to step S2;
Otherwise Flag is set to b, represents that terminal has terminated buffer stage first, can displaying video be started, namely consume buffer contents, and jump to step S2;
Step S5, judge whether BT is less than 0, if BT < 0, then system does a card prompting, and video card is long FT=FT+absolute value BT immediately, and BT is reset to 0, then jumps to step S7; Otherwise go to step S6;
Step S6, judge whether BT is greater than B2, if BT > B2, wherein B2 be terminal buffer open ended maximum can displaying video duration, then system does alarm prompt, arranges BT=B2; Go to step S7;
Whether step S7, inspection video flowing terminate, if do not terminate, then jump to step S2, otherwise terminate algorithm.
As one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, suppose that the packet capture time tag that the n-th TS wraps is Timestamp (n), its PCR value is PCR (n), then Ta=Timestamp (n+1)-Timestamp (n), Tb=PCR (n+1)-PCR (n).
As one embodiment of the present invention, by video terminal buffer can playing duration BT initialization, BT=0; By video card long FT initialization immediately, FT=0.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the method for the detection MPEG2-TS VBR code stream quality problems that the present invention proposes by the PCR field of monitoring MPEG2-TS code stream calculate the VBR video flowing received can playing duration, and pseudo-terminal screen buffer increases and consumption process, then detect video according to buffer overflow or underflow event and occur the quality problems such as distortion or card pause.
Because PCR field is when encoder generates TS code stream, along with audio-video frequency content is inserted by real-time synchronization, it reflects the sequential relationship of audio-video frequency content substantially, therefore just can by calculate one section of TS code stream initial PCR and terminate that the difference of PCR obtains this section of TS code stream can playing duration.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of detection method.
Embodiment
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
embodiment one
Refer to Fig. 1, present invention is disclosed a kind of method detecting MPEG2-TS VBR code stream quality problems, by the PCR field of monitoring MPEG2-TS code stream calculate the VBR video flowing received can playing duration, and pseudo-terminal screen buffer increases and consumption process, then detect video according to buffer overflow or underflow event and occur the quality problems such as distortion or card pause.Described detection method comprises the steps:
[step S1] carries out packet capture at video server outlet, network intermediate point or video terminal to the MPEG2-TS code stream of encoding based on variable bit rate VBR by collecting device; By in video terminal buffer can playing duration BT initialization, BT=0; By video card long FT initialization immediately, FT=0; 1 will be set to by buffer flag Flag first;
[step S2] carries out protocol analysis to MPEG2-TS code stream, detects the MPEG2-TS packet comprising Program Clock Reference PCR, wraps hereinafter referred to as PCR TS, calculates the time difference Ta that two adjacent PCR TS wrap, and calculates the time difference Tb of these two adjacent PCR values;
Suppose that the packet capture time tag that the n-th TS wraps is Timestamp (n), its PCR value is PCR (n), then Ta=Timestamp (n+1)-Timestamp (n), Tb=PCR (n+1)-PCR (n), Ta and Tb are all in units of millisecond;
[step S3] if buffer flag Flag=1 first, then in computing terminal buffering area can displaying video duration: BT=BT+Tb; Go to step S4; If buffer flag Flag=0 first, in computing terminal buffering area can displaying video duration: BT=BT+Tb – Ta; Go to step S5;
[step S4] checks whether BT reaches the duration of the buffering first B1 of terminal, if BT < is B1, then jumps to step S2; Otherwise Flag is set to 0, represents that terminal has terminated buffer stage first, can displaying video be started, namely consume buffer contents, and jump to step S2;
[step S5] judges whether BT is less than 0, if BT < 0, then and system prompt " card may appear in video ", video card is long FT=FT+absolute value BT immediately, and BT is reset to 0, then jumps to step S7; Otherwise go to step S6;
[step S6] judges whether BT is greater than B2, if BT > B2, wherein B2 be terminal buffer open ended maximum can displaying video duration, then system prompt " buffer overflow alarm may occur distortion ", arranges BT=B2; Go to step S7;
[step S7] checks whether video flowing terminates, if do not terminate, then jumps to step S2, otherwise terminates algorithm.
In sum, the method of the detection MPEG2-TS VBR code stream quality problems that the present invention proposes, by the PCR field of monitoring MPEG2-TS code stream calculate the VBR video flowing received can playing duration, and pseudo-terminal screen buffer increases and consumption process, then detect video according to buffer overflow or underflow event and occur the quality problems such as distortion or card pause.
Here description of the invention and application is illustrative, not wants by scope restriction of the present invention in the above-described embodiments.Distortion and the change of embodiment disclosed are here possible, are known for the replacement of embodiment those those of ordinary skill in the art and the various parts of equivalence.Those skilled in the art are noted that when not departing from spirit of the present invention or substantive characteristics, the present invention can in other forms, structure, layout, ratio, and to realize with other assembly, material and parts.When not departing from the scope of the invention and spirit, can other distortion be carried out here to disclosed embodiment and change.
Claims (5)
1. detect a method for MPEG2-TS VBR code stream quality problems, it is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:
Step S1, at video server outlet, network intermediate point or video terminal, packet capture is carried out to the MPEG2-TS code stream of encoding based on variable bit rate VBR by collecting device; By in video terminal buffer can playing duration BT initialization, BT=0; By video card long FT initialization immediately, FT=0; 1 will be set to by buffer flag Flag first; Go to step S2;
Step S2, protocol analysis is carried out to MPEG2-TS code stream, detect the MPEG2-TS packet comprising Program Clock Reference PCR, wrap hereinafter referred to as PCR TS, calculate the time difference Ta that two adjacent PCR TS wrap, and calculate the time difference Tb of these two adjacent PCR values;
Suppose that the packet capture time tag that the n-th TS wraps is Timestamp (n), its PCR value is PCR (n), then Ta=Timestamp (n+1)-Timestamp (n), Tb=PCR (n+1)-PCR (n), Ta and Tb are all in units of millisecond; Go to step S3;
If step S3 is buffer flag Flag=1 first, then in computing terminal buffering area can displaying video duration: BT=BT+Tb; Go to step S4; If buffer flag Flag=0 first, in computing terminal buffering area can displaying video duration: BT=BT+Tb – Ta; Go to step S5;
Whether step S4, inspection BT reach the duration of the buffering first B1 of terminal, if BT < is B1, then jump to step S2; Otherwise Flag is set to 0, represents that terminal has terminated buffer stage first, can displaying video be started, namely consume buffer contents, and jump to step S2;
Step S5, judge whether BT is less than 0, if BT < 0, then system prompt " card may appear in video ", video card is long FT=FT+absolute value BT immediately, and BT is reset to 0, then jumps to step S7; Otherwise go to step S6;
Step S6, judge whether BT is greater than B2, if BT > B2, wherein B2 be terminal buffer open ended maximum can displaying video duration, then system prompt " buffer overflow alarm may occur distortion ", arranges BT=B2; Go to step S7;
Whether step S7, inspection video flowing terminate, if do not terminate, then jump to step S2, otherwise terminate algorithm.
2. detect a method for MPEG2-TS VBR code stream quality problems, it is characterized in that:
By the PCR field of monitoring MPEG2-TS code stream calculate the VBR video flowing received can playing duration, and pseudo-terminal screen buffer increases and consumption process, then detect video according to buffer overflow or underflow event and occur the quality problems that distortion or card pause.
3. the method for detection MPEG2-TS VBR code stream quality problems according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
Described method comprises the steps:
Step S1, at video server outlet, network intermediate point or video terminal, packet capture is carried out to the MPEG2-TS code stream of encoding based on variable bit rate VBR by collecting device; By in video terminal buffer can playing duration BT initialization; By video card long FT initialization immediately; A will be set to by buffer flag Flag first; Go to step S2;
Step S2, protocol analysis is carried out to MPEG2-TS code stream, detect the MPEG2-TS packet comprising Program Clock Reference PCR, wrap hereinafter referred to as PCR TS, calculate the time difference Ta that two adjacent PCR TS wrap, and calculate the time difference Tb of these two adjacent PCR values; Go to step S3;
If step S3 is buffer flag Flag=a first, then in computing terminal buffering area can displaying video duration: BT=BT+Tb; Go to step S4;
If buffer flag Flag=0 first, in computing terminal buffering area can displaying video duration: BT=BT+Tb – Ta; Go to step S5;
Whether step S4, inspection BT reach the duration of the buffering first B1 of terminal, if BT < is B1, then jump to step S2;
Otherwise Flag is set to b, represents that terminal has terminated buffer stage first, can displaying video be started, namely consume buffer contents, and jump to step S2;
Step S5, judge whether BT is less than 0, if BT < 0, then system does a card prompting, and video card is long FT=FT+absolute value BT immediately, and BT is reset to 0, then jumps to step S7; Otherwise go to step S6;
Step S6, judge whether BT is greater than B2, if BT > B2, wherein B2 be terminal buffer open ended maximum can displaying video duration, then system does alarm prompt, arranges BT=B2; Go to step S7;
Whether step S7, inspection video flowing terminate, if do not terminate, then jump to step S2, otherwise terminate algorithm.
4. the method for detection MPEG2-TS VBR code stream quality problems according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
In step S2, suppose that the packet capture time tag that the n-th TS wraps is Timestamp (n), its PCR value is PCR (n), then Ta=Timestamp (n+1)-Timestamp (n), Tb=PCR (n+1)-PCR (n).
5. the method for detection MPEG2-TS VBR code stream quality problems according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
By in video terminal buffer can playing duration BT initialization, BT=0; By video card long FT initialization immediately, FT=0.
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| CN111131808A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2020-05-08 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | Video stuck fault analysis method and device and set top box |
| CN111327964A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-06-23 | 中国移动通信集团北京有限公司 | Method and equipment for positioning video playing card pause |
| CN112261445A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-01-22 | 深圳市创维软件有限公司 | Streaming media playing method, device, equipment and computer readable storage medium |
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