CN104639493A - Signal transmission method - Google Patents

Signal transmission method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104639493A
CN104639493A CN201510099201.6A CN201510099201A CN104639493A CN 104639493 A CN104639493 A CN 104639493A CN 201510099201 A CN201510099201 A CN 201510099201A CN 104639493 A CN104639493 A CN 104639493A
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data symbol
time domain
group
time
domain waveform
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CN104639493B (en
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龙航
杨昊俊
郑侃
王文博
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601Multicarrier modulation systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03006Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03006Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
    • H04L25/03012Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602Signal structure

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a signal transmission method, which comprises the following steps that data signs to be transmitted are grouped, and each group comprises L data signs, wherein the L is the data sign number sent in a superposition way in each time; for any one group of data signs, the L data signs in the group are subjected to serial-parallel conversion, and are respectively subjected to pulse forming, in addition, each formed time domain waveform is respectively subjected to different time delay, and then, the time domain waveform subjected to the time delay is sent after the superposition, wherein the time delay of the K time domain waveforms in any one group of signs is respectively smaller than T; K is the number of preset data signs sent in the superposition way, L is greater than or equal to K, and T is the time duration of each data sign. When the method is applied, the transmission speed and the frequency spectrum efficiency of the data transmission sequence can be improved, and in addition, the intersymbol interference can be effectively controlled.

Description

A kind of method for transmitting signals
Technical field
The application relates to the communication technology, particularly a kind of method for transmitting signals.
Background technology
Future mobile communications is for the requirement meeting height very of message transmission rate, and the frequency resource that can be used for mobile communication is very limited, under extremely limited frequency resource condition, how to meet the demand of message volume explosive growth, only have raising spectrum efficiency to greatest extent just may meet these demands.But with current technological means even learning concept, this has suitable difficulty.
With existing theory and technology, we can only increase transmission rate by spread bandwidth.When frequency spectrum resource is limited, be do not allow our spread bandwidth always, this forces us can only go to find some novel high-frequency spectrum efficiency transmission technologys.
As everyone knows, International Telecommunication Union (International Telecommunication Union, ITU) for the land wave point of IMT-Advanced (International Mobile Telecommunications-Advanced) determines two kinds of standards, LTE-Advanced (Long Term Evolution-Advanced) and WirelessMAN-Advanced (Wireless Metropolitan Area Network-Advanced) respectively, this two large standard all adopts OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, OFDM) as downlink transmission technology.Meanwhile, WirelessMAN-Advanced also selects OFDM as its ul transmissions technology.OFDM is that a sub-carrier overlaps each other at frequency domain but keeps the Multicarrier Transmission Technology of orthogonality, its essential characteristic have following some:
1) use relatively many narrow-band sub-carriers, and directly multicarrier expansion only takies several subcarrier;
2) time domain utilizes simple rectangular pulse carry out shaping, and send with orthogonal form;
On frequency domain, subcarrier permutation closely and overlapping orthogonal, and be spaced apart △ f=1/T, T is the modulation symbol periods of subcarrier.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is OFDM frequency domain list carrier wave and frequency domain multi-subcarrier orthogonal superposition respectively, and as seen from the figure, OFDM frequency domain is orthogonal superposition.Fig. 3 is OFDM time domain orthogonal schematic diagram, and wherein each square frame only represents a time-domain data symbols, there is no particular meaning, and as can be seen from scheming us also, OFDM time domain is also orthogonal.
As the improvement of OFDM, SC-FDMA (Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access, single-carrier frequency division multiple access) is also orthogonal at time domain, frequency domain, and it is used among LTE/LTE-A up link.Not only being confined to this, in existing technology, is all that time domain, frequency domain are orthogonal mostly.
In sum, in existing technology, transmitting terminal is all time domain orthogonal mostly, and so when frequency resource scarcity, time domain orthogonal model cannot meet the requirement of future mobile communications high speed rate and spectral efficient again.
Even if for the non-orthogonal time domain overlap technique of those transmitting terminals, its high complexity realized also is a large bottleneck.Such as need the symbol sebolic addressing length that sends longer at transmitting terminal, disturb uncontrollable, and long sequence is unfavorable for encoding with some of present extensive use and modulation technique combines; For another example, need to send sequence to entirety at receiving terminal and carry out decoding, judgement, time delay is comparatively large, and this is unfavorable for Data Stream Processing at a high speed.
Summary of the invention
The application provides a kind of method for transmitting signals, can improve transmission rate and spectrum efficiency, and effectively control intersymbol interference.
For achieving the above object, the application adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of method for transmitting signals, comprising:
Divided into groups by data symbol waiting for transmission, often group comprises L described data symbol; Wherein, L is the data symbol number that default each superposition sends;
For arbitrary group of data symbol, after the L of this group data symbol is carried out serioparallel exchange, carry out pulse-shaping respectively, and respectively different time delays is carried out to each time domain waveform formed, then send after the time domain waveform superposition after time delay;
Wherein, in arbitrary group of data symbol, the time delay of K time domain waveform is all less than T; K is the data symbol number that default overlap sends, and L is more than or equal to K, and T is the time span of each data symbol.
Preferably, described each time domain waveform to being formed is carried out time delay respectively and is comprised:
As L>K, to the data symbol of i-th in arbitrary group of data symbol, the delay time of its correspondence wherein, K is the overlapping number of default described time domain waveform;
As L=K, to the data symbol of i-th in arbitrary group of data symbol, the delay time of its correspondence
τ i = ( i - 1 ) T K , ( i = 1,2 , . . . , K ) .
Preferably, the difference of L and K is less than the threshold value of setting.
Preferably, described threshold value, L and K is determined according to the control overflow of system to intersymbol interference.
Preferably, the method comprises further: receive the time domain waveform sent, and carries out sampling and balanced detection to received signal, obtains each group of data symbol sent.
Preferably, minimum mean square error method, Zero-forcing method or matched filtering method is used when described equilibrium detects.
As seen from the above technical solution, in the application, first data symbol is divided into groups, to the data symbol in each group, carry out the time that after serial to parallel conversion, time delay is different respectively, then send after the Signal averaging after time delay.By the way, more signal can be sent in same time, thus transmission rate and spectrum efficiency can be improved.Meanwhile, utilize the controllability of overlapping number, control intersymbol interference.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of OFDM frequency domain list carrier wave;
Fig. 2 is OFDM frequency domain multi-subcarrier orthogonal superposition;
Fig. 3 is time domain orthogonal schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the basic procedure schematic diagram of method for transmitting signals in the application;
Fig. 5 is (6,4) spectral efficient signal transmission schematic diagram in the application;
Fig. 6 is (L, K) spectral efficient signal transmission schematic diagram in the application
Fig. 7 is the transmitting terminal model of L>K in the application;
Fig. 8 is K heavy spectral efficient signal transmission schematic diagram;
Fig. 9 is the transmitting terminal model of L=K in the application;
Figure 10 is the receiving terminal model of L>K in the application;
Figure 11 be in the application L=K receiving terminal model;
Figure 12 is 4 heavy spectral efficient signal transmission schematic diagrames in the application.
Embodiment
In order to make the object of the application, technological means and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the application is described in further details.
The application proposes a kind ofly to disturb controlled spectral efficient transmission method.Fig. 4 is the basic procedure schematic diagram of method for transmitting signals in the application.As shown in Figure 4, the method comprises:
Step 401, divides into groups to data symbol waiting for transmission.
When dividing into groups, often group comprises L data symbol; Wherein, L is the data symbol number that default each superposition sends.Introduce L in detail more in the following detailed description.
To each the group data symbol after grouping, perform the process of step 402 ~ 403.Below step 402 and 403 description in be only described for the process of one group of data symbol (grouping A).
Step 402, carries out serial to parallel conversion by the data symbol in grouping A, more each data symbol is carried out pulse-shaping process through Pulse shaped filter, form time domain waveform.
Step 403, carries out different time delays respectively for each time domain waveform in grouping A, then sends after each time domain waveform superposition after time delay.
When carrying out delay process, the time delay of K data symbol in grouping A is all less than T.Wherein, T is the time span of each data symbol.By such delay process, when carrying out time domain waveform superposition and sending, there is part time domain waveform to have overlap in K data symbol, thus spectrum efficiency and message transmission rate can be improved.Meanwhile, further by the value of K, the intersymbol interference introduced can be controlled.
Superposed signal after above-mentioned process sends, and next carries out reception process by step 404.
Step 404, receives the time domain waveform sent, and carries out sampling and balanced detection to received signal, obtains the often group data symbol sent.
So far, in the application, the basic procedure of method for transmitting signals terminates.Wherein the process of step 401 ~ 403 is the process of transmitting terminal, and step 404 is the process of receiving terminal.The most basic method for transmitting signals of the application only can comprise sending method.
Below the specific implementation of method for transmitting signals in the application is described in detail.First the sending method of transmitting terminal is described in detail.
In order to be described in detail transmitting terminal model, first introduce two definition:
The number of each overlapping time domain waveform sent of definition 1 is called code length, i.e. aforementioned L.
The overlapping number defining 2 time domain waveforms is called tuple, i.e. aforementioned K.
Further, L and K meets relation: L >=K.
Such as, shown in Fig. 5 is exactly (L, K)=(6,4) spectral efficient signal transmissions, and it should be noted that in figure, each square frame only represents the signal of a time domain waveform, there is no other particular meaning.
If L and K is comparable, then think that the interference now introduced is controlled.Generally, if do not illustrate the concrete numerical value of L, then think L=K.Such as, 4 heavy spectral efficient signal transmissions just refer in particular to (4,4) spectral efficient signal transmission.Certainly, also can arrange the value of L and K according to actual needs, comparable for ensureing L and K, the difference of L and K can be made to be less than the threshold value of setting, and wherein, the concrete value of threshold value, L and K can set according to the control overflow of system to intersymbol interference.Describe respectively according to the different value relations of L and K below.
One, the transmitting terminal model of L>K
Consider (L, K) spectral efficient signal transmission, it sends signal schematic representation as shown in Figure 6.If made a start, the time span of each symbol is T, and so, its character rate is
R = L 1 T + ( K - 1 ) T K + ( L - K ) T K . - - - ( 1 )
Accordingly, we consider the transmitting terminal model of a L>K, as shown in Figure 7.For the transmitting terminal model shown in Fig. 7, its key step is as follows:
1st step: divide into groups to data symbol waiting for transmission, the method for grouping is every L data symbol one group, and so, for N number of data symbol, its group number M is
Wherein expression rounds.
2nd step: carry out serioparallel exchange to L the data symbol of the 1st group, then carry out pulse-shaping to it respectively, forms time domain waveform g i(t), (i=1,2 ..., K, K+1 ..., L).
3rd step: time delay is carried out to each time domain waveform that the 2nd step obtains, thus obtains
x i(t)=g i(t-τ i),(i=1,2,…,K,K+1,…,L), (3)
The wherein time delay τ of i-th delayer ifor
round under expression.
4th step: the x that time delay is obtained it () is added according to the method shown in Fig. 6, obtain the time domain waveform x (t) that will send, then sent by x (t).
5th step: to the 2nd group to M group, repeats the 2nd step to the step of the 4th step, completes the transmission of all data to be transmitted symbols.
Two, the transmitting terminal model of L=K
Consider the heavy spectral efficient signal transmission of a K, it sends signal schematic representation as shown in Figure 8.If made a start, the time span of each symbol is T, and so, its character rate is
R = K 1 T + ( K - 1 ) T K - - - ( 5 )
Accordingly, we consider the transmitting terminal model of a L=K, as shown in Figure 9.For the transmitting terminal model shown in Fig. 9, its key step is as follows:
1st step: divide into groups to data symbol waiting for transmission, the method for grouping is every K data symbol one group, and so, for N number of data symbol, its group number M is
Wherein expression rounds.
2nd step: carry out serioparallel exchange to K the data symbol of the 1st group, then carry out pulse-shaping to it respectively, forms time domain waveform g i(t), (i=1,2 ..., K).
3rd step: time delay is carried out to each time domain waveform that the 2nd step obtains, thus obtains
x i(t)=g i(t-τ i),(i=1,2,…,K), (7)
The wherein time delay τ of i-th delayer ifor
τ i = ( i - 1 ) T K , ( i = 1,2 , . . . , K ) . - - - ( 8 )
4th step: the x that time delay is obtained it () is added according to the method shown in Fig. 8, obtain the time domain waveform x (t) that will send, then sent by x (t).
5th step: to the 2nd group to M group, repeats the 2nd step to the step of the 4th step, completes the transmission of all data to be transmitted symbols.
The above-mentioned specific implementation being sending method in method for transmitting signals in the application.Be described in detail method of reseptance below, the different relations equally for L and K describe respectively.
One, the receiving terminal model of L>K
Consider the receiving terminal model of a L>K, as shown in Figure 10.For the receiving terminal model shown in Figure 10, its key step is as follows:
1st step: r (t) samples to received signal, so, sampler exports and is
y=Hx+n, (9)
Wherein y=[y 1, y 2..., y l+K-1] t, y irepresent the sampled value of each sampling instant; X=[x 1, x 2..., x k, x k+1..., x l] t, x irepresent that i-th sends symbol; H represents sampling matrix; N represents noise samples value matrix, R n=E (nn h).
2nd step: carry out equilibrium to the output y of sampler, equalizer exports and is
x ^ = Gy = G ( Hx + n ) , - - - ( 10 )
Wherein G represents balanced matrix.Here our linear equalization algorithm of adopting complexity lower, i.e. least mean-square error (MMSE) algorithm, ZF (ZF) algorithm and matched filtering (MF) algorithm, wherein
G MMSE=H H(HH H+R n) -1, (11)
G ZF=(H HH) -1H H, (12)
G MF=H H。(13)
3rd step: equalizer is exported adjudicate, thus obtain L the data symbol of making a start.
4th step: repeat the 1st step to the step of the 3rd step to the 2nd group to M group originating data, complete the reception to all data symbols.
Two, the receiving terminal model of L=K
Consider the receiving terminal model of a L=K, as shown in figure 11.For the receiving terminal model shown in Figure 11, its key step is as follows:
1st step: r (t) samples to received signal, so, sampler exports and is
y=Hx+n, (14)
Wherein y=[y 1, y 2..., y 2K-1] t, y irepresent the sampled value of each sampling instant; X=[x 1, x 2..., x k] t, x irepresent that i-th sends symbol; H represents sampling matrix; N represents noise samples value matrix, R n=E (nn h).
2nd step: carry out equilibrium to the output y of sampler, equalizer exports and is
x ^ = Gy = G ( Hx + n ) , - - - ( 15 )
Wherein G represents balanced matrix.Here our linear equalization algorithm of adopting complexity lower, i.e. least mean-square error (MMSE) algorithm, ZF (ZF) algorithm and matched filtering (MF) algorithm, wherein
G MMSE=H H(HH H+R n) -1, (16)
G ZF=(H HH) -1H H, (17)
G MF=H H。(18)
3rd step: equalizer is exported adjudicate, thus obtain K the data symbol of making a start.
4th step: repeat the 1st step to the step of the 3rd step to the 2nd group to M group originating data, complete the reception to all data symbols.
So far, the method for reseptance in the application's method for transmitting signals is disposed.
The method for transmitting signals of the application is described by a concrete example below again.Consider one 4 heavy spectral efficient signal transmission, it sends signal schematic representation as shown in figure 12.
At transmitting terminal, first, every 4 data symbols are divided into one group.Then, serioparallel exchange is carried out to 4 data symbols of the 1st group, more respectively pulse-shaping is carried out to it, form time domain waveform g i(t), (i=1,2,3,4).Finally, each time domain waveform obtained in the previous step is carried out the time domain waveform x (t) that delayed addition obtains sending, x (t) is sent.
At receiving terminal, first, sample to reception waveform, so, sampler exports and is
y=Hx+n, (19)
Wherein y=[y 1, y 2..., y 7] t, y irepresent the sampled value of each sampling instant; X=[x 1, x 2, x 3, x 4] t, x irepresent that i-th sends symbol; H represents sampling matrix; N represents noise samples value matrix, R n=E (nn h).If transmitting terminal adopts square wave shaping, so
H = 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 7 × 4 . - - - ( 20 )
Then, carry out equilibrium to the output y of sampler, equalizer exports and is
x ^ = Gy = G ( Hx + n ) , - - - ( 21 )
Wherein G represents balanced matrix.Here our linear equalization algorithm of adopting complexity lower, i.e. least mean-square error (MMSE) algorithm, ZF (ZF) algorithm and matched filtering (MF) algorithm.Finally, equalizer is exported adjudicate, thus obtain 4 data symbols of making a start.
Repeat above-mentioned step to the 2nd group to M group originating data, complete the transmission to all data symbols.
By above-mentioned visible to the specific descriptions of method for transmitting signals in the application, in the application, at transmitting terminal, first data symbol waiting for transmission is divided into groups, secondly by the data symbol after grouping through Pulse shaped filter, form time domain waveform, utilize delayer afterwards, time delay is carried out to time domain waveform, and then utilize adder the time domain waveform after time delay to be added, at this wherein, in order to reach the controlled object of interference, only choose limited time domain waveform to superpose at every turn, finally the time domain waveform after superposition is sent.And at receiving terminal, first we sample to the time domain waveform received, then utilize the linear equalization algorithm that complexity is lower to carry out equilibrium detection to sampled signal, finally again the data after equilibrium are adjudicated, thus obtain all data messages of transmitting terminal.The application is compared to traditional transmitting terminal time domain orthogonal model, and spectrum efficiency is significantly improved, and the artificial intersymbol interference introduced is controlled.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. a method for transmitting signals, is characterized in that, comprising:
Divided into groups by data symbol waiting for transmission, often group comprises L described data symbol; Wherein, L is the data symbol number that default each superposition sends;
For arbitrary group of data symbol, after the L of this group data symbol is carried out serioparallel exchange, carry out pulse-shaping respectively, and respectively different time delays is carried out to each time domain waveform formed, then send after the time domain waveform superposition after time delay;
Wherein, in arbitrary group of data symbol, the time delay of K time domain waveform is all less than T; K is the data symbol number that default overlap sends, and L is more than or equal to K, and T is the time span of each data symbol.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, it is characterized in that, described each time domain waveform to being formed is carried out time delay respectively and comprised:
As L>K, to the data symbol of i-th in arbitrary group of data symbol, the delay time of its correspondence wherein, K is the overlapping number of default described time domain waveform;
As L=K, to the data symbol of i-th in arbitrary group of data symbol, the delay time of its correspondence τ i = ( i - 1 ) T K , ( i = 1,2 , . . . , K ) .
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the difference of L and K is less than the threshold value of setting.
4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, determines described threshold value, L and K according to the control overflow of system to intersymbol interference.
5. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the method comprises further: receive the time domain waveform sent, and carries out sampling and balanced detection to received signal, obtains each group of data symbol sent.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, uses minimum mean square error method, Zero-forcing method or matched filtering method when described equilibrium detects.
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