CN104638315A - Drying unit and operating method thereof - Google Patents

Drying unit and operating method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104638315A
CN104638315A CN201410810979.9A CN201410810979A CN104638315A CN 104638315 A CN104638315 A CN 104638315A CN 201410810979 A CN201410810979 A CN 201410810979A CN 104638315 A CN104638315 A CN 104638315A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
drying unit
drier
battery system
metallic object
gas
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201410810979.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN104638315B (en
Inventor
S·鲍曼
G·布亚
M·祖奇尼
M·聚克斯
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of CN104638315A publication Critical patent/CN104638315A/en
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Publication of CN104638315B publication Critical patent/CN104638315B/en
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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/26Drying gases or vapours
    • B01D53/261Drying gases or vapours by adsorption
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/26Drying gases or vapours
    • B01D53/28Selection of materials for use as drying agents
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28054Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J20/28095Shape or type of pores, voids, channels, ducts
    • B01J20/28097Shape or type of pores, voids, channels, ducts being coated, filled or plugged with specific compounds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/32Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
    • B01J20/3202Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the carrier, support or substrate used for impregnation or coating
    • B01J20/3204Inorganic carriers, supports or substrates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/32Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
    • B01J20/3231Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
    • B01J20/3234Inorganic material layers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/32Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
    • B01J20/3231Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
    • B01J20/3234Inorganic material layers
    • B01J20/3238Inorganic material layers containing any type of zeolite
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/52Removing gases inside the secondary cell, e.g. by absorption
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40083Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
    • B01D2259/40088Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating
    • B01D2259/40096Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating by using electrical resistance heating
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention relates to a drying unit which is used for performing dehumidifying on gas or a liquid mixture. The drying unit is provided with at least one inlet (22) for the gas or liquid mixture to be dehumidified, and at least one outlet (24) which is used for dehumidifed gas or liquid mixture, wherein a porous metal member (34), particularly an opened metal member (34) is arranged. The micropores of the metal member are at least coated by a drying agent (18) partially.

Description

Drying unit and operation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of drying unit as described in the preamble according to independent claims, comprise the battery system of described drying unit and for the method for running described drying unit and application thereof.
Background technology
All there is the huge demand to storage battery in numerous application such as vehicle, permanent plant (such as wind turbine generator) and mobile electronic device (such as notebook computer) and communication equipment, proposes high requirement to the reliability of these storage batterys, useful life and performance.
Single battery is made up of electrochemical element in inside, and these electrochemical elements can make sensitivity response to the ectocine of air or humidity and so on, therefore must be prevented as far as possible.
For lithium-ions battery monomer, a kind of lithium ion conducting salt must be there is, to make Lithium-ion embeding, to deviate from.As the lithium hexafluoro phosphate (LiPF of electric conducting lithium salt 6) not only can be used for the less single battery of electric charge, the electromagnetism monomer such as, applied in portable electric appts, and among the single battery that can be used for vehicular field.This conducting salt is extremely active to moisture, produces hydrogen fluoride (HF) by hydrolysis.
Especially for the vehicle application of lithium-ion energy storage technology, still pressure balance must be reached between the inner chamber of accumulator housing and surrounding environment, otherwise very high ambient pressure difference may compression shell, or housing may acutely expand in other cases.In air transportation, traveling on mountainous region process, very high pressure differential can be there is due to everyday stress fluctuation and very high temperature fluctuation.Accumulator housing may be caused under extreme case to be destroyed due to extremely strong mechanical load.
Therefore pressure compensation element will be utilized to ensure between housing cavity and surrounding environment, realize temporary transient or lasting volume-exchange.Diaphragm mineralization pressure balancing component can be passed through.Owing to containing a certain amount of steam all the time in surrounding air, therefore steam can enter into housing by volume-exchange and diffusion via diaphragm.
The problem that usual use drier prevents the condensed water of enclosure interior from causing.Even if vome of shell is minimum, also need the drier dosage of a few hectogram in length of life for many years, or need to change drier.
Such as document DE 10 2,006 053 114A1 discloses a kind of pressure compensation element of the housing for holding electronic circuit, and this pressure compensation element is formed by being subject to the diaphragm semipermeable membrane that protecting field is arranged in electric plug connector elements.
In addition document US 2012/0315517 also discloses a kind of batteries comprising drying unit, and described drying unit is filled with drier and is absorbed in the moisture of batteries inside appearance.Drying unit also comprises heating arrangements, once the drier of drying unit suctions moisture, just can carry out drying by this heating arrangements to it.
In addition, document JP 2011-016098 also discloses the drying unit that another kind comprises metal cage, and humid air can enter the inside of cage via the aperture of this metal cage, and by the drier absorbing moisture be placed on here.
Document DE 102012202103 discloses another kind of pressure compensation element and comprises the single battery module of this pressure compensation element.Pressure compensation element comprises the drier for dehumidifying to the air of the housing being supplied to single battery module.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of there is feature described in independent claims a kind of drying unit or a kind of method for running described drying unit and application thereof.
Be provided with a kind of drying unit at this according to the present invention, described drying unit has for having gas to be dehumidified or the entrance of liquid mixture, and at least one is for passing through the outlet of gas or the liquid mixture dehumidified.Described drying unit have for gas or liquid mixture are dehumidified, porous, the metallic object of especially perforate, the micropore of described metallic object scribbles drier at least in part.
The special advantage of this execution mode is, especially effectively can regenerate drying unit, because metal has good thermal conductivity usually, and then can, with less cost heatable metal block, this mode of heating wherein can be directly used to carry out drying to the drier be arranged in the micropore of metal derby.
Other favourable execution modes of the present invention are themes of dependent claims.
Advantageously, the metallic object of drying unit has electrical contact.Can carry out electric heating to metallic object by this way, method is that metallic object inherently plays resistance heating effect, and can realize heating when being energized.By this way can so that speed and less energy consumption carry out drying to the drier be present in the micropore of metallic object faster.In addition, the regional area of drying unit can also be avoided overheated, it is overheated such as just may to occur when adopting external heat unit.
In addition advantageously, for make gas to be dehumidified or liquid mixture enter into drying unit entrance and/or for having the cutoff device that such as form is cock, valve, bimetallic or valve block form through the gas of dehumidifying or the outlet of liquid mixture.Gas to be dehumidified or liquid mixture can be made by this way alternately to enter drying unit, or in regenerative process, dampish second gas flowed out in drying unit or liquid mixture orientation can be discharged to surrounding environment.
According to the execution mode that another kind of the present invention is useful, such as, for the consideration of its mechanical stability, metallic object is placed in the foundation structure being such as preferably configured as ceramic honeycomb body form, such as, makes it have.Such as from the application of the known honeycomb ceramics in exhaust fume catalytic field, the feature of these honeycomb ceramicss is that surface activity is high and endurance quality is good.
The invention still further relates to a kind of battery system with drying unit of the present invention.In addition, preferably the transducer for measuring humidity is set in battery system inside, thus can identify in a simple manner decoupled, whether dehumidified by the inner chamber of drying unit to battery system, or whether drying unit has adsorbed a lot of moistures, thus the humidity of battery system inside is made to increase.
Such as can regenerate in this case or change drying unit.
In addition advantageously, battery system also has the electrical connection of the electric terminal of battery system and drying unit, because can carry out electric heating to drying unit by being stored in electric energy in storage battery and then making described drying unit regenerate by this way.
Preferably be used for such as single battery, battery module or battery system according to drying unit of the present invention, especially dehumidify as the inner chamber containing lithium storage battery system of lithium-ions battery, lithium-sulfur battery or lithium air accumulator and so on.In addition it is also conceivable to be used for according to drying unit of the present invention dehumidifying to the organic liquid such as solvent and so on.
Other advantages of the present invention, characteristic sum details are drawn by the explanation under connecing, in ensuing explanation, describe embodiments of the invention in detail with reference to accompanying drawing.At this, the feature mentioned in claims and specification respectively individually or be essential place of the present invention with any combination.Function class like or identical component or assembly all have identical Reference numeral in all of the figs.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing and the following description to accompanying drawing all relate to favourable execution mode of the present invention.Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of drying unit according to first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of drying unit second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the vertical section schematic diagram of the dry element of drying unit according to first embodiment of the invention; And
Fig. 4 is the schematic top plan view of the dry element shown in Fig. 3.
Embodiment
Figure 1 illustrates drying unit 16 according to first embodiment of the invention.The housing 12 being such as located at the storage battery 10 that section is drawn is only inner.Drying unit 16 comprises the casing member 36 be positioned by dry element 34 wherein.This dry element 34 is preferably made up of the metal structure of porous especially perforate, in its micropore, provide drier 18 at least partly.What be suitable as moisture-absorbing desiccant 18 such as has silica-gel desiccant or suitable zeolitic material.At least in a part for the micropore of dry element 34, be provided with drier 18, wherein said drier 18 is coated on the inwall of corresponding micropore at least in part.
Drying device 16 also comprise can allow the air from accumulator housing 12 inside enter drying device 16 inside entrance 22 and can the outlet of discharging from the surrounding environment of accumulator housing 12 of the excess humidity of in the future self-desiccation agent 18.For this purpose, entrance 22 preferably includes a cutoff device 22a, and the air that can be limited from housing 12 inner chamber by this cutoff device enters drying device 16 inside.Outlet 24 also comprises another cutoff device 24a, controls to flow out among the surrounding environment of accumulator housing 12 from the air of drying device 16 inside by this cutoff device.
In addition, drying device 16 also comprises first and second electrical contact 26a, the 26b that electric current can be made to flow through the metallic object of dry element 34.Voltage is applied to the metallic object of dry element 34, it will be made to generate heat, thus make it play resistance heating effect.
First the first cutoff device 22a is opened in the course of work of drying device 16 and the second cutoff device 24a is closed, the air from accumulator housing 12 inside so just can be made to enter the inside of drying device 16.Stop surrounding air to enter drying device inside via outlet 24 by the second closed cutoff device 24a simultaneously.
The air entering drying device 16 inside from accumulator housing 12 inside contacts with drier 18, thus by the air dewetting in accumulator housing 12 inside.Once the wettability power of drier 18 exhausts, cannot dehumidify to the air of accumulator housing 12 inside; Air humidity can be caused slowly to rise owing to entering the moisture of accumulator housing 12 on the contrary, such as, humidity sensor 40 by being arranged in accumulator housing 12 inside detects.Alternatively, humidity sensor 40 also can be the part of drying device 16.
Alternatively, also humidity sensor 40 can not be used.In this case the drier 18 of the preferred dry element 34 of regular regeneration after the predetermined period terminates.Alternative dispensing means abandons using cutoff device 22a, the substitute is, when drier 18 suctions the moisture from accumulator housing 12 inner chamber, just take out drying device 16 or at least take out its dry element 34, then being regenerated outside accumulator housing 12.
Alternatively, also can select in regenerative process by a certain amount of air stream or utilize blower fan or pump by humid air towards periphery environment discharge.
In time detecting that drier 18 cannot proceed dehumidifying to the air of accumulator housing 12 inside, then preferably make the first cutoff device 22a close, and voltage is applied to electric contact 26a, 26b.The steam desorption be stored in drier 18 is made by the metallic object of heat drying element 34.Subsequently the second cutoff device 24a is opened, the humid air of drying device 16 inside is discharged via the surrounding environment of outlet 24 to accumulator housing 12.After being regenerated by drier 18, second cutoff device 24a is closed, cut off the electric current flowing through dry element metallic body, and the first cutoff device 22a is reopened.Just can proceed dehumidifying to the air of accumulator housing 12 inside subsequently.
In a second embodiment shown in figure 2, drying device 16 comprises a columniform housing 36, in the present embodiment rotational symmetric, be equally also that columniform dry element 34 is arranged among this housing on the whole.
Dry element 34 is by one by ceramic material, such as the extruded body that cordierite (Cordierit) is made, its surface comprise porous, the metal structure of especially perforate or there is bedded structure.Air from the inner chamber of accumulator housing 12 flows through dry element 34 along the direction of arrow 20.
Multiple admission passage 28 be alternately arranged and passing away 30 is there is in dry element 34 inside.Admission passage 28 openly constructs towards entrance 22, and passing away 30 then openly constructs towards outlet 24.
The flow path of air to be dehumidified that has from accumulator housing 12 inside leads to the flow path of admission passage 28.In the regenerative process of dry element 34, the preferred desorption of moisture be stored in dry element 34 enters among passing away 30, then from the surrounding environment entering storage battery 10 here via outlet 24.
Dry element 34 shown in Fig. 1 with porous, the formal construction of the metal structure of especially perforate.Such as metal material is foamed, or the mixture that the drier that metal and fusion temperature are greater than 1500 DEG C is formed is sintered, just can produce this metal structure.Optional preparation method comprises: carry out hot investment casting to metal and drier, is similar to glass fibre potting common preparation method in the plastic; Or prefabricated metal grill is pulled open, is submerged among corresponding drier, then again unclamp metal grill, thus with mechanical force, desiccant particle is fixed within metal grill.
Also have based on metal injection molded (MIM in addition, Metall-Injection-Molding) method of the metallic object of dry element 34 is prepared, wherein by injection moulding process, metal powder bond mixture (Metallpulver-Binder-Gemisch) is transferred among suitable mould, then heating removes binding agent (Entbinderung), finally suitably sinter the formed body produced, thus form porous metals skeleton.
Coat drier 18 finally to metal structure that is produced, preferred aperture, such as, among the micropore it being penetrated into the metal structure of the perforate of dry element 34 with suspension or slurry form, then carry out drying.
To be under a kind of and another kind of situation, with the manufacture of flexible mode for generation of semiconductor structure, just to show this manufacture in figs. 3 and 4 for generation of the another kind of possibility of the dry element 34 shown in Fig. 1.
The preferred two-dimentional body dry element 34 is designed to as shown in Figures 3 and 4 for this reason, but also the execution mode shown in Fig. 3 or Fig. 4 can be designed to multilayer system.
Also can make with semiconductor device the metal structure that the known mode in field forms the perforate based on dry element 34.
First preferred substrate 10 is provided with the first intermediate layer 11 for this reason, and described first intermediate layer is formed the first metal structure 12.In an appropriate manner metalized is carried out to described first intermediate layer 11, and such as so make it have certain structure by engraving method subsequently, thus form the recess 13 limited, the particle 14 of drier 18 can be placed, be fixed among these recesses at another method step.Such as can protect the particle 14 of drier 18 relative to subsequent etching processes with suitable coating.
Then in another step, another intermediate layer 15 is coated in the first metal structure 12, subsequently the second metal structure 16 to be coated on another intermediate layer 15 described and to make it have suitable structure, preferably utilizing another engraving method step to process.
In another method step, preferably produce another metal structure 17.Finally preferably again remove the first and second intermediate layers 11,15, and remove the protective layer of the particle 14 of drier 18 if desired.Produce middle opening 19 in region between the second metal structure and another metal structure 16,17, result will produce the metal structure of the perforate of the particle 14 which is embedded drier 18.
Also can alternatively such as be used for carrying out drying to organic liquid by according to drying unit 16 of the present invention.Can be made it for this reason and have organic solvent to be dried to guide the contact of fluid, wherein by drier 18, it being dehumidified.Once drier 18 exhausts for the absorbability of moisture, then such as utilize when cutoff device 22a closes form to be that the inside of fluid stream to drying unit 16 of the solvent of suitable gas or absorbing fluid is rinsed by outlet 24, and make drying unit 18 regenerate where necessary in a heated condition.

Claims (13)

1. the drying unit for dehumidifying to gas or liquid mixture, described drying unit has at least one for having the entrance (22) of gas to be dehumidified or liquid mixture and at least one is for through the gas of dehumidifying or the outlet (24) of liquid mixture, it is characterized in that, be provided with porous, the metallic object (34) of especially perforate, the micropore of described metallic object scribbles drier (18) at least in part.
2. drying unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, forms electrical contact (26a, 26b) with described metallic object (34).
3. drying unit according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described for having the entrance of gas to be dehumidified or liquid mixture (22) and/or the described outlet (24) for the gas through dehumidifying or liquid mixture to have cutoff device (22a, 24a).
4. the drying unit according to any one of the claims, is characterized in that, is coated in foundation structure by described metallic object (34).
5. drying unit according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described foundation structure is with the formal construction of especially ceramic honeycomb body.
6. there is the battery system of the drying unit according to any one of the claims.
7. battery system according to claim 6, is characterized in that, is provided with the transducer (40) of the humidity for measuring battery system inside.
8. the battery system according to claim 6 or 7, is characterized in that, between described drying unit (16) and the terminal of described battery system, be provided with electrical connection.
9. for running the method for drying unit (16) according to any one of claim 1 to 5, it is wherein the porous of described drying unit (16) in the first operation phase, especially the metallic object (34) of perforate is applied with gas to be dehumidified or liquid mixture, the micropore of described metallic object scribbles drier (18) at least in part, and wherein in the second operation phase, heat described metallic object (34) to make described drier (18) regenerate, and the moisture that will discharge from described drier (18) when desorb moisture is discharged.
10. method according to claim 9, is characterized in that, is that the metallic object (34) of described drying unit (18) applies electric current in described second operation phase.
11. for the manufacture of the method for drying unit according to any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, produced the metal structure of perforate by the metalized of substrate (10) and engraving method step subsequently, and then the particle (14) of drier (18) is placed among the micropore of metal structure.
12. methods of application according to any one of drying unit according to any one of claim 1 to 5 or according to Claim 8 with 9 so as in battery system, especially remove the moisture of the inner chamber from described battery system in containing the battery system of lithium.
The method of 13. application according to any one of drying unit according to any one of claim 1 to 5 or according to Claim 8 with 9 is to remove the moisture from organic liquid.
CN201410810979.9A 2013-11-07 2014-11-06 Drying unit and its operation method Active CN104638315B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013222663.2 2013-11-07
DE201310222663 DE102013222663A1 (en) 2013-11-07 2013-11-07 Drying unit and method of operating the same

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CN104638315A true CN104638315A (en) 2015-05-20
CN104638315B CN104638315B (en) 2019-05-10

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CN106257736A (en) * 2015-06-17 2016-12-28 福特全球技术公司 Set of cells defecator and method
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