CN104635736B - For the automated driving system and its method of driving behavior decision-making - Google Patents

For the automated driving system and its method of driving behavior decision-making Download PDF

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CN104635736B
CN104635736B CN201410798811.0A CN201410798811A CN104635736B CN 104635736 B CN104635736 B CN 104635736B CN 201410798811 A CN201410798811 A CN 201410798811A CN 104635736 B CN104635736 B CN 104635736B
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dangerous objects
vehicle body
road area
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CN104635736A (en
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李朝阳
曾柏凯
梁智能
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Automotive Research and Testing Center
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of automated driving system and its method for driving behavior decision-making, left-hand rotation is produced including processor, straight trip, right turn signal, and collect vehicle body movable signal and multiple objects movable signal, after vectorization, whether judgment object is dangerous objects, brought in corresponding equation according to judged result, produce dangerous objects weight and benign object weight, space right double recipe formula is substituted into again, calculate left-hand rotation, straight trip and the weight of right-hand rotation road area, and then calculate left-hand rotation, straight trip and the weight of right-hand rotation movable signal, weighting weight highest movable signal, if its weight is more than weight preset value, then progress signal is produced according to highest weighting road area direction, if its weight is less than weight preset value, brake signal is produced then.The present invention uses various judgment modes, produces safer mobile behavior and advances for vehicle.

Description

For the automated driving system and its method of driving behavior decision-making
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of correlation technique of automatic Pilot driving, particularly relate to a kind of can determine whether optimal avoid-obstacle behavior For the automated driving system and its method of driving behavior decision-making.
Background technology
In order to seek safer drive manner and road occupation environment more efficiently, Ge great depots actively throw always Enter from dynamic auxiliary and drive or the exploitation of automated driving system, allow well vehicle that driver can be assisted automatically to carry out decision-making or and then be situated between Enter to control vehicle, it is desirable to which just the angle of prevention is set about, and can reach the target for directly avoiding contingency.
General automated driving system obtains the situation of surrounding environment using perceptron, assists to drive operating and controlling vehicle or directly controls Vehicle processed carries out colliding the generation evaded behavior, can effectively reduce risk of collision for avoiding.But current automatic Pilot decision-making party Method is as described below, if there is an object in front, general automatic Pilot decision logic is only judged using following 2 points:1. finding can Traveling space, automated driving system can be advanced towards wheeled space;2. wheeled space is not found, automated driving system produces wrong Letter information, represents that front has no wheeled space by mistake, and expression can not be advanced.But due to the data judging according only to wheeled space Security is excessively dogmatic, and basis for estimation is excessively narrow, and after more likely causing, the computation complexity of path calculation module increases, Therefore it is quite dangerous using this determination methods.
In view of this, present invention disappearance then for above-mentioned prior art, propose it is a kind of with barrier avoiding function for driving Sail the automated driving system and its method of behaviour decision making, with effectively overcome it is above-mentioned this problems such as.
The content of the invention
Present invention is primarily targeted at a kind of automated driving system and its method for driving behavior decision-making is provided, its Using various judgment modes, to improve the security of driving behavior, while reducing the complexity of path computing, can produce safer Mobile behavior for vehicle according to advance.
Another object of the present invention is to a kind of automated driving system and its method for driving behavior decision-making is provided, its The all objects vectorization that road is detected, to calculate the safe sex determination of object, gives safety right according to risk of collision height Weight, and then inference path space security, give space safety weight, so that decision-making left-hand rotation, right-hand rotation, forward, brake etc. are driven Sail behavior.
It is that, up to above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides a kind of method for driving behavior decision-making, step includes passing through first One processor produces a left rotaring signal, a straight trip signal and a right turn signal, and collects a vehicle body by a detection means The object movable signal of one vehicle body movable signal and multiple objects;Vehicle body movable signal and multiple objects are moved by processor Signal is respectively converted into a vehicle body motion-vector and multiple objects motion-vector;Processor is according to vehicle body motion-vector and many Individual object motion-vector judges whether each object is dangerous objects, if judgment object is dangerous objects, using all objects A dangerous objects weight is produced with the ratio of vehicle body collision time with the summation and dangerous objects of the collision time of vehicle body, if sentencing Disconnected object is benign object, then the distance using benign object with vehicle body produces a benign object weight;Next locate Reason device defines the left-hand rotation road area of left rotaring signal, keep straight on the straight road region of signal and the right-hand rotation roadway area of right turn signal Domain, and according to be intended to by the dangerous objects weight of the road area and benign object weight judge respectively left-hand rotation road area, Straight road region and the weight of right-hand rotation road area;Processor passes through left-hand rotation road area, straight road region and the right side The weight for turning road area produces a left rotaring signal weight, a straight trip signal weight and a right turn signal weight;Processor is picked Weight highest signal in left rotaring signal weight, straight trip signal weight and right turn signal weight is taken, to judge weight highest Whether the weight of signal is more than a weight preset value, if so, then produces a progress signal according to weight highest sense;If It is no, then produce a brake signal.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of automated driving system for driving behavior decision-making, including a processor, at this Reason device is electrically connected with an object detecting apparatus, a vehicle body movable signal capture device and a storage device, and processor is used to produce A raw left rotaring signal, a straight trip signal and a right turn signal, and capture the vehicle body captured by vehicle body movable signal capture device Multiple objects movable signal produced by movable signal and object detecting apparatus, be respectively converted into a vehicle body motion-vector and Multiple objects motion-vector, whether foundation vehicle body motion-vector and multiple objects motion-vector judgment object are danger to processor again Dangerous object, if dangerous objects then capture dangerous objects weight equation in storage device to calculate a dangerous objects weight, If benign object then captures benign object weight equation in storage device to calculate a benign object weight;Place Dangerous objects weight or benign object weight are substituted into space by the space right double recipe formula in reason device also fechtable storage device Weight equation, to calculate left-hand rotation road area, the straight road region of straight trip signal and the letter of turning right of left rotaring signal respectively Number right-hand rotation road area weight, processor also captures signal weight equation, by left-hand rotation road area, straight road region And right-hand rotation road area weight substitute into signal weight equation with produce a left rotaring signal weight, one straight trip signal weight with And a right turn signal weight, processor capture left-hand rotation road area, straight road region and right-hand rotation road area in weight most High signal, if the weight of weight highest signal is more than a weight preset value, produces one according to weight highest sense Progress signal, makes a vehicle advance, if the weight of weight highest signal is less than a weight preset value, produces a brake letter Number, make vehicle halt.
Below by specific embodiment elaborate, when be easier to understand the purpose of the present invention, technology contents, feature and its The effect reached.
Description of the drawings
Automated driving system block diagrams of the Fig. 1 for the embodiment of the present invention;
Path decision method flow diagrams of the Fig. 2 for the embodiment of the present invention;
Progress signal schematic diagrames of the Fig. 3 for the generation pre-selection of the embodiment of the present invention;
Decision-making progress signal schematic diagrames of the Fig. 4 for the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:1- is used for the automated driving system of driving behavior decision-making;10- object detecting apparatus;12- vehicle bodies Movable signal capture device;14- storage devices;16- processors;18- objects;18 '-object;18 "-object;20- vehicles; 32- left-hand rotation road areas;32 '-left-hand rotation road area;34- straight roads region;36- right-hand rotation road areas;A- left rotaring signals; B- straight trip signals;C- right turn signals.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is refer to, the automatic DAS (Driver Assistant System) 1 of the present embodiment is may be disposed on a vehicle, wherein for driving The automated driving system 1 for sailing behaviour decision making includes detection means, and the present embodiment citing detection means is an object detecting apparatus 10 And a vehicle body movable signal capture device 12, object detecting apparatus 10 capture the movable signal of the object beyond vehicle, To produce multiple objects movable signal;Vehicle body movable signal capture device 12 then captures the movable signal of vehicle, to produce One vehicle body movable signal;One storage device 14 store a dangerous objects decisive equation formula, a dangerous objects weight equation, one Benign object weight equation, a space right double recipe formula and a signal weight equation;One processor 16 is electrically connected with Above-mentioned object detecting apparatus 10, vehicle body movable signal capture device 12 and storage device 14, to receive multiple objects movement letter Number, vehicle body movable signal, and capture storage device 14 in dangerous objects decisive equation formula, dangerous objects weight equation, Benign object weight equation, space right double recipe formula and signal weight equation, by by the movable signal of object with And after object movable signal vectorization, bring dangerous objects decisive equation formula into, and bring dangerous objects weight equation into according to demand A travel path is produced in formula, benign object weight equation, space right double recipe formula and signal weight equation, with Advance according to optimal advance route for vehicle.
Next Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 is refer to, to illustrate how the above-mentioned automated driving system for driving behavior decision-making of collocation 1 come judge produce a safety driving behavior, with aid in vehicle Yian complete path advance.Initially enter step S10, processor After 16 produce a left rotaring signal a, an a straight trip signal b and right turn signal c, vehicle is detected by object detecting apparatus 10 The object movable signal of the multiple objects 18,18 ', 18 around 20 ", and by the detecting of vehicle body movable signal capture device 12 certainly One vehicle body movable signal of body vehicle 20.Next enter step S12, processor 16 receives vehicle body movable signal and multiple During object movable signal, vehicle body movable signal is converted to into vehicle body motion-vector respectively, and multiple objects movable signal is turned It is changed to multiple objects motion-vector.Then such as step S14, processor 16 captures dangerous objects decisive equation in storage device 14 Formula, judges each object 18,18 ', 18 one by one " whether it is dangerous objects, its judgment mode is by vehicle body motion-vector and many Individual object motion-vector is substituted in dangerous objects decisive equation formula, and dangerous objects decisive equation formula (1) are as follows:
The wherein OUFor dangerous objects;For vehicle body motion-vector;For object motion-vector;δ is one apart from preset value. WhereinTo judge vehicle 20 with object 18,18 ', 18 " it is whether parallel, 0 is represented if parallel, if not parallel Shi Ze is not equal to 0;To judge vehicle 20 and object 18,18 ', 18 " whether it is equidirectional or reverse, if Vehicle 20 and object 18,18 ', 18 are represented more than 0 " advanced with equidirectional, represent if less than 0 vehicle 20 with Object 18,18 ', 18 " is advanced with reverse direction, it is possible to can be collided;To judge vehicle 20 and object 18th, distance 18 ', 18 " whether less than one apart from preset value, represent if less than preset value vehicle 20 and object 18, 18 ', 18 " distance gets too close to, and has the possibility for producing collision.Therefore work asWhen represent vehicle 20 and object 18th, it is 18 ', 18 " not parallel, when orThough when represent vehicle 20 and object 18,18 ', 18 " It is parallel, but vehicle 20 and object 18,18 ', 18 " advanced in the way of reverse mutually, or work asThough when represent vehicle 20 with object 18,18 ', 18 " parallel but vehicle 20 with The distance between object 18,18 ', 18 " is less than one apart from preset value, if objects in front, can be with following distance apart from preset value To set, if left or right object, can be set with a track distance apart from preset value, as long as one of them above-mentioned Condition set up, that is, represent object 18,18 ', 18 " be dangerous objects, this implementation example judge dangerous objects for object 18 ', 18 "; Judge dangerous objects 18 ', 18 " after by enter step S16, processor 16 capture storage device 14 in dangerous objects weight side Formula calculate dangerous objects 18 ', 18 " weight, dangerous objects weight equation (2) are as follows:
Wherein WUFor dangerous objects 18 ' or 18 " weight;CUFor dangerous objects 18 ' or 18 " with the collision time of vehicle; CUFor multiple objects 18,18 ', 18 " with the summation of 20 collision time of vehicle.Processor 16 using all objects 18,18 ', The collision time or danger of the 18 " summation with the collision time of vehicle 20, and dangerous objects 18 ' and vehicle 20 The ratio of the collision time of body 18 " and vehicle 20 produce dangerous objects 18 ', 18 " weight.
If but in step S14, when processor 16 judges that the condition of dangerous objects decisive equation formula (1) is all false, table Show that object 18 is benign object, the present embodiment citing object 18 is benign object, when judgment object 18 is benign object Step S18 is then entered, the benign object weight of benign object 18 is calculated, processor 16 captures the non-danger in storage device 14 Dangerous object weight equation, produces benign object weight using distance of the benign object 18 with vehicle 20 is produced, its Middle benign object weight equation (3) is expressed as:
WN=μ | μ ∝ d (3);
Wherein WNFor the weight of benign object;D is the distance of benign object and vehicle body, and μ is according to the normal of d generations Number, μ are proportional with d.In general the numerical value of benign object weight can be also bigger than the numerical value of dangerous objects weight.
Next as shown in step S20, and while coordinate with reference to Fig. 4, by step S16 calculate dangerous objects 18 ', 18 " dangerous objects weight, and after step S18 calculates the benign object weight of benign object 18, processor 16 According to left rotaring signal a define multiple left-hand rotation road areas 32, according to straight trip signal b define multiple straight road regions 34 and Multiple right-hand rotation road areas 36 are defined according to right turn signal c, processor 16 captures the space right double recipe journey in storage device 14 Formula judges the weight of each left-hand rotation road area 32, straight road region 34 and right-hand rotation road area 36, wherein space weight Equation (4) is expressed as:
WRFor the weight of road area, WOFor dangerous objects weight or benign object weight, the present embodiment includes danger Body weight and benign object weight;DOFor the distance of the central point and object of road area;For a constant and DOBe directly proportional pass System.The weight of each road area captures left-hand rotation road area 32, straight road region 34 respectively via processor 16 and turns right Among road area 36, be intended to the object 18,18 ', 18 closest to road area by road area " weight, and add one According to each left-hand rotation road area 32, straight road region 34 and 36 central point of right-hand rotation road area and object 18,18 ', 18 " The numerical value of a proportional relation produced by distance relation.By taking multiple left-hand rotation road areas 32 as an example, wherein for passing through is calculated first Objects system in the object of left-hand rotation road area 32 ' closest to central point is benign object 18, therefore captures benign object 18 Benign object weight, and plus the constant of left-hand rotation road area 32 ' and object 18Calculate left-hand rotation road area 32 ' Weight, ensuing left-hand rotation road area 32 calculate all that the rest may be inferred, therefore not repeated description, certainly, if being intended to calculate acquisition straight trip The dangerous objects weight of dangerous objects 18 ' is captured during road area 34, and plus 34 central point of straight road region and object 18 ' ConstantCalculate the weight in straight road region 34, ensuing straight road region 34 calculates all that the rest may be inferred, therefore not Repeated description, right-hand rotation road area weight then capture dangerous objects 18 " dangerous objects weight, and add right-hand rotation road area 36 With object 18 " constantThe weight of right-hand rotation road area 36 is calculated, ensuing right-hand rotation road area 36 is calculated all according to this Analogize, therefore not repeated description.
Next step S22 is entered, processor 16 captures the signal weight equation in storage device 14, and according to left-hand rotation Each left-hand rotation road area 32 that signal a passes through, each straight road region 34 and right turn signal c that the signal b that keeps straight on passes through The weight of each right-hand rotation road area 36 for passing through, produces a left rotaring signal weight, straight trip signal weight and right turn signal respectively Weight, signal weight equation (5) are as follows:
Bi=minWR(5);
Wherein WRFor road area weight, BiFor signal weight, the present embodiment citing weight containing left rotaring signal, straight trip signal Weight and right turn signal weight, its basis for estimation are in straight according to left rotaring signal a in left-hand rotation road area 32, straight trip signal b The weight of the row road area 34 and right turn signal c minimum road area of weight in right-hand rotation road area 36 is used as the signal Weight calculation, by taking multiple left-hand rotation road areas 32,32 ' as an example, due to object 18 of the object 18 for straight trip forward, if vehicle 20 when being intended to advance according to left rotaring signal a, when advancing to left-hand rotation road area 32 ', may collide with object 18, therefore left changing lane Road region 32 ' is judged as most unsafe point in each and every one left changing lane road regions 32 many, so using most unsafe left-hand rotation road 32 ' conduct of region represents left rotaring signal weight, because its behavior safety is whether the whole path of observation is all safe, therefore with most dangerous Road area 32 ' represents global behavior security.
Next step S24 is entered, compares left rotaring signal weight, straight trip signal weight and right turn signal weight, to take Weight highest signal is obtained, the present embodiment illustrates left rotaring signal a for weight highest signal, and processor 16 judges that left rotaring signal is weighed Whether weight is more than a weight preset value, if then entering step S26 then produces a progress signal according to left-hand rotation road sense, makes Vehicle 20 advances according to left rotaring signal a;If left rotaring signal weight is less than a weight preset value, produce as shown in step S28 A raw brake signal, so that a vehicle 20 stops.
In sum, the present invention can use various judgment modes, can produce safer mobile behavior for vehicle according to Advance, judgment mode is all objects vectorization for detecting road, to calculate the safe sex determination of object, according to risk of collision Height gives safe weight, and then calculates path space security, gives space safety weight, turn left, turn right for decision-making, The driving behaviors such as forward, brake, can effectively improve the security of driving, while the complexity of path computing can be reduced.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not for limit the present invention enforcement scope.Therefore i.e. Impartial change or modification carried out by all features and spirit according to described in scope of the invention as claimed, all should be included in the present invention's In protection domain.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of method for driving behavior decision-making, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
One left rotaring signal, a straight trip signal and a right turn signal are produced by a processor, and is collected by a detection means The one vehicle body movable signal and the multiple objects movable signal of multiple objects of one vehicle body;
By the processor by the vehicle body movable signal and the plurality of object movable signal be respectively converted into a vehicle body movement to Amount and multiple objects motion-vector;
According to the vehicle body motion-vector and the plurality of object motion-vector, the processor judges whether each object is danger Body or benign object, and a dangerous objects weight or a benign object weight are produced according to judged result;
The processor defines the left-hand rotation road area of the left rotaring signal, the straight road region of the straight trip signal and the right side respectively The right-hand rotation road area of rotaring signal, and according to the dangerous objects weight being intended to by the road area or the benign object weight Judge the weight of the left-hand rotation road area, the straight road region and the right-hand rotation road area;And
A left rotaring signal weight, a straight trip signal weight and a right turn signal weight are produced, in wherein acquisition weight highest Whether signal, judge the weight of the weight highest signal more than a weight preset value:
If so, then a progress signal is produced according to the weight highest sense;And
If it is not, then producing a brake signal.
2. the method for driving behavior decision-making is used for as claimed in claim 1, wherein sentencing by a dangerous objects decisive equation formula Whether the disconnected object is dangerous objects, and the dangerous objects decisive equation formula is expressed as:
The wherein OUFor dangerous objects;ShouldFor the vehicle body motion-vector;ShouldFor the object motion-vector;The δ is that a distance is pre- If value.
3. the method for driving behavior decision-making is used for as claimed in claim 1, wherein non-in one dangerous objects weight of generation or one During dangerous objects weight, if judging, the object is the dangerous objects, using touching for all the plurality of objects and the vehicle body The summation of time is hit, and the dangerous objects produce the dangerous objects weight, the danger with the ratio of the collision time of the vehicle body Object weight is produced by a dangerous objects weight equation, and the dangerous objects weight equation is expressed as:
W U = C U C t ;
The wherein WUFor the dangerous objects weight;The CUFor the dangerous objects and the collision time of the vehicle body;The CtFor the plurality of thing The summation of the collision time of body and the vehicle body;If the object is benign object, using the benign object and the vehicle body Distance produces the benign object weight, and the benign object weight is produced by a benign object weight equation, and this is non- Dangerous objects weight is expressed as:
WN=μ | μ ∝ d;
The wherein WNFor the benign object weight;The d is the distance of the benign object and vehicle body, and the μ is to be produced according to d Constant, the μ and d are proportional.
4. the method for driving behavior decision-making is used for as claimed in claim 1, wherein according to the dangerous objects weight or the non-danger Dangerous object weight judges that the weight of the left-hand rotation road area, the straight road region and the right-hand rotation road area is to pass through Between weight equation judge that the space right double recipe formula is expressed as:
The wherein WRFor the weight of road area, the WOFor the object weight;The DOFor the central point and the object of the road area Distance;ShouldFor a constant and DOIt is proportional.
5. the method for driving behavior decision-making is used for as claimed in claim 1, wherein producing the left rotaring signal weighted value, the straight trip The process of signal weight value and the right turn signal weight is by the left-hand rotation road area, the straight road region and the right-hand rotation The weight of road area substitutes into a signal weight equation, with produce the left rotaring signal weight, the straight trip signal weight respectively with And the right turn signal weight, the signal weight equation is expressed as:
Bi=minWR
The wherein BiFor the signal weight, the WRFor the road area weight.
6. a kind of automated driving system for driving behavior decision-making, it is characterised in that include:
One object detecting apparatus, produce multiple objects movable signal;
One vehicle body movable signal capture device, for capturing a vehicle body movable signal;
One storage device, one dangerous objects decisive equation formula of storage, a dangerous objects weight equation, a benign object weight Equation and a space right double recipe formula;And
One processor, is electrically connected with the object detecting apparatus, the vehicle body movable signal capture device and the storage device, at this Reason device is used to producing a left rotaring signal, an a straight trip signal and right turn signal, and captures the vehicle body movable signal and this is more Individual object movable signal, to be respectively converted into a vehicle body motion-vector and multiple objects motion-vector, according to the vehicle body movement to Amount and the plurality of object motion-vector judge that whether each object is dangerous objects or benign object, and calculate a danger Dangerous object weight or a benign object weight;The processor captures the space right double recipe formula, by the dangerous objects weight or The benign object weight substitutes into the space right double recipe formula, and to calculate the left-hand rotation road area of the left rotaring signal respectively, this is straight The straight road region of row signal and the weight of the right-hand rotation road area of the right turn signal, and produce a left rotaring signal weight, An one straight trip signal weight and right turn signal weight, the processor capture the left-hand rotation road area, the straight road region with And weight highest signal in the right-hand rotation road area, if the weight of the weight highest signal is more than a weight preset value, according to The weight highest sense produces a progress signal, makes a vehicle advance, if the weight of the weight highest signal is less than One weight preset value, then produce a brake signal, makes the vehicle halt.
7. the automated driving system of driving behavior decision-making is used for as claimed in claim 6, wherein judging by a dangerous objects Equation judges whether the object is dangerous objects, and the dangerous objects decisive equation formula is expressed as:
The wherein OUFor dangerous objects;ShouldFor the vehicle body motion-vector;ShouldFor the object motion-vector;The δ is that a distance is pre- If value.
8. the automated driving system of driving behavior decision-making is used for as claimed in claim 6, wherein producing dangerous objects power During weight or a benign object weight, if judging, the object is the dangerous objects, using all the plurality of objects with should The summation of the collision time of vehicle body, and the dangerous objects and the ratio of the collision time of the vehicle body, produce the dangerous objects and weigh Weight, the dangerous objects weight are produced by a dangerous objects weight equation, and the dangerous objects weight equation is expressed as:
W U = C U C t ;
The wherein WUFor the dangerous objects weight;The CUFor the dangerous objects and the collision time of the vehicle body;The CtFor the plurality of thing The summation of the collision time of body and the vehicle body;If the object is benign object, using the benign object and the vehicle body Distance produces the benign object weight, and the benign object weight is produced by a benign object weight equation, and this is non- Dangerous objects weight is expressed as:
WN=μ | μ ∝ d;
The wherein WNFor the benign object weight;The d is the distance of the benign object and vehicle body;The μ is to be produced according to d Constant, the μ numerical value are proportional with d.
9. the automated driving system of driving behavior decision-making is used for as claimed in claim 6, wherein according to the dangerous objects weight Or the benign object weight judges that the weight of the left-hand rotation road area, the straight road region and the right-hand rotation road area is By one, the space right double recipe formula judges, the space right double recipe formula is expressed as:
The wherein WRFor road area weight, the WOFor the object weight;The DOFor the central point and the object of the road area Distance;ShouldFor a constant and DOIt is proportional.
10. the automated driving system of driving behavior decision-making is used for as claimed in claim 6, and the wherein storage device is also stored One signal weight equation, the processor capture the signal weight equation, and by the left-hand rotation road area, the straight road area The weight of domain and the right-hand rotation road area substitutes into the signal weight equation to produce the left rotaring signal weight, the straight trip respectively Signal weight and the right turn signal weight, the signal weight equation are expressed as:
Bi=minWR
The wherein BiFor the signal weight, the WRFor the road area weight.
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