CN104635257B - Shallow seismic exploration source instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a shallow seismic exploration source instrument. The shallow seismic exploration source instrument mainly comprises a main frame stable impact spring mechanism, an impact spring, a traction compression mechanism, a hook releasing mechanism and an impact mechanism, wherein the impact mechanism comprises an active impact unit and a passive impact unit; one end of the impact spring is fixed on the lower surface of an upper fixing plate of a main frame of the main frame stable impact spring mechanism; the other end of the impact spring is pressed against the active impact unit of the impact mechanism; the active impact unit directly impacts a passive impact column after falling; the passive impact unit is used for transmitting impact force to ground to form a seismic source. The instrument does not need any power supply, and can be used conveniently in the wild under the condition of no power supply. The shallow seismic exploration source instrument is small in size and is light in weight, so that the shallow seismic exploration source instrument can be moved and operated conveniently in wild exploration. Over 3-4 times of manual seismic exploration hammering force is required, so that the impact speed can be increased. Over 5 times of manual hammering force and over 2 times of heavy hammer ramming force are required, so that the impact energy can be increased.

Description

A kind of shallow layer earthquake focus exploration instrument

Technical field

The invention belongs to shallow seismic exploration field is and in particular to a kind of shallow layer earthquake focus exploration instrument.

Background technology

With the fast development of the aspects such as urban construction, environment geology survey, mineral exploration and construction engineering test, right The requirement of shallow seismic exploration also more and more higher, shallow seismic exploration as geophysical exploration a kind of important method to country Construction and the national economic development contribution huge.

Fracturation within shallow seismic exploration mainly Underground hundreds of meters, loess Rotating fields, water-bearing layer, basement rock Depth and the subsurface geology problem such as distribution, engineering geological condition, strata condition.The ultimate principle detecting is artificially generated seismic wave Source, seismic wave in underground propagation, by reaching detection purpose in ground detection seismic wave field.In detection focus be one very heavy The technical problem wanted.

Effectively obtain focus, always shallow seismic exploration urgent need to resolve a key issue.Explosive source should Ensure to obtain sufficiently large excitation energy and higher vibration frequency, to improve investigation depth and resolution, week can not be affected again Collarette border, with the closeer region of population distribution especially near building.

Typically focus is realized using explosive charge, the modes such as sledgehammer or heavy tamping of manually swinging at present.Although explosive shakes Source effect is good, and the big frequency of energy is high, but big to surrounding environment influence, and explosives and detonators control strictly, generally cannot use； Although and manually swing hammer focus simple to operation, when inevitably there are when manually swinging sledgehammer height sometimes low, when oblique When positive situation, cause the concordance of each exploration shot point source signal poor.Not only laborious, and the energy manually hammering Little, impact velocity small frequency low (frequency and impact velocity are proportional relation), for example: 20 pounds of (9 kilograms) sledgehammers manually elevate 1.5 Rice, the instantaneous velocity to ground is about 5.4 meter per seconds, and ballistic work is 1350kgf cm, if 1 centimetre of backing plate displacement of impact, punching Power of hitting is 1.35 ton forces.Heavy tamping focus exists moves shifting point inconvenience, and floor space is big, especially in the situation that environment is complicated Under more inconvenient, move every time select will adjust when exciting and fixing 2-3 rice high foot rest, adjustment hoist engine or other crane gear With impact pad Board position, relatively time-consuming take a lot of work although the impulsive force rammed increases, due to being entirely the movement of falling object, Impact velocity improves not notable.For example, 45 kilograms of big rammer hang high 2 meters, to ground instantaneous velocity be about 6.3 meter per seconds, impact Work(is about 9000kgf cm, if 1 centimetre of backing plate displacement of impact, impulsive force is about 8-9 ton force.

Generally speaking, existing routine techniquess all have deficiency, and a) dynamite source typically cannot use；B) manually swing greatly Hammer seismic source energy is little, and impact velocity is little, and concordance is poor；C) heavy tamping focus, move inconvenient operation although energy Height, but impact velocity is not still high.Therefore, under that focus prior art background of current shallow seismic exploration, invention have developed This product.

Content of the invention

In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to, a kind of shallow layer earthquake focus exploration instrument is provided, solution Certainly existing electronic focus instrument cannot use in the case of non-transformer in the wild, and swings the vibrational energy of sledgehammer and vibration velocity not Foot, heavy tamping focus impact velocity is not enough, problem inconvenient to carry.

In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that and is achieved:

A kind of shallow layer earthquake focus exploration instrument, including body frame stable impact spring mechanism, impact spring, traction compressor Structure, hook relieving mechanism and beater mechanism；

Described beater mechanism includes active impact unit and passive impact unit；

One end of impact spring is fixed on the lower surface of the upper mounted plate of body frame stable impact spring mechanism, impact spring The other end withstands in the active impact unit of beater mechanism, and the lower end of hook relieving mechanism is fixed in active impact unit；

The rack plate of hook relieving mechanism is connected to the steel wire rope that traction compression mechanism stretches into impact spring internal cavities On；

Described traction compression mechanism is arranged on the upper surface of the body frame upper mounted plate of body frame stable impact spring mechanism, leads Draw the rack plate that compression mechanism links up with relieving mechanism by rope traction, hook relieving mechanism drives in active impact unit Rise and compression shock spring；

Guide and limit plate is fixed with the body frame stable impact spring mechanism in impact spring internal cavities, links up with machine for releasing The release slider disc of structure is risen to be contacted with guide and limit plate and no longer rises, and traction compression mechanism continues traction hook relieving mechanism Rack plate so that hook and hanging scroll in hook relieving mechanism depart from, active impact unit impact spring elastic force and from Move downward under body action of gravity, impact passive impact unit；

Described passive impact unit is arranged on below the bottom plate of body frame stable impact spring mechanism, and passive impact is single Unit is directly contacted with ground, and the bottom plate of body frame stable impact spring mechanism is provided with through hole, passive impact unit setting There is the passive impact pole protruding through hole, fall behind under active impact unit and directly impact passive impact pole, passive impact unit will be rushed The power of hitting is conducted to ground, forms focus；

Described hook relieving mechanism includes discharging support, connect base and release slider disc；

Described release support is that the shaped as frame of the lower open including a rack plate and two rack side plate compositions props up Frame；The lower end of release stent patency is provided with hook by support shaft rotary type, and support shaft is fixedly arranged at two of release support Between frame side plate and parallel with rack plate；Described hook is divided into hook head and hook handle, and hook is with hook head and hook The position that handle is connected can rotate around support shaft for center of rotation；

A pair of otic placode is provided with described connect base, hanging scroll is installed between otic placode, hook and hanging scroll cooperate Use, hook is capable of the fastening with hanging scroll and disengaging around in support shaft rotary course；

Described release slider disc is enclosed within release support, and the rack side plate of release support passes through release slider disc, release Slider disc is hung on release support so that release slider disc can be slided along rack side plate by stiff spring；

Release slider disc below rack plate is entity card, the release slider disc lower surface between a pair of brackets side plate It is consolidated with release triggering hang plate, the hook handle end portion of hook is provided with release triggering pulley, and release triggering pulley is touched with release Send out the inclined plane contact of hang plate, release slider disc makes release triggering pulley and releases along the upper limit position of release bracket slide Put triggering hang plate inclined-plane keep without departing from；

When discharging the upper limit position that slider disc is located at release support, release triggering pulley is located at release triggering hang plate The bottom on inclined-plane, hook is snapped together with hanging scroll；

When discharging slider disc with respect to release support slide downward, the inclined-plane extruding release triggering of release triggering hang plate So that hook rotates around support shaft, hook is progressively disengaged pulley with hanging scroll；

Back-moving spring fixed mount is consolidated with described release support, back-moving spring fixed mount is connected with back-moving spring One end, the other end of back-moving spring is connected on hook handle, and back-moving spring enables hook to return in time and hanging scroll fastening Original state.

The present invention also has a following distinguishing feature:

For hook relieving mechanism, further, described release slider disc is provided with release sliding shoe, release is slided Release sliding tray is provided with block, a pair of brackets side plate both sides of described release support are provided with to discharge sliding tray corresponding Release rail plate, slides realization release slider disc along release by discharging the cooperation between sliding tray and release rail plate The slip of support；Release sliding shoe limiting plate is provided with rack plate, release slider disc is along release bracket slide to the upper limit During position, the top of release sliding shoe withstands on release sliding shoe limiting plate upper limit so that release triggers pulley and release triggering The inclined-plane of hang plate keep without departing from.

For hook relieving mechanism, further, between described otic placode, rotary type is provided with hanging scroll, hook head and hanging scroll The face of contact is in the cambered surface with the central axis of support shaft as the center of circle.

For hook relieving mechanism, further, described release slider disc is provided with one end of one group of guide post, one The other end of group guide post sequentially passes through guide and limit plate and upper mounted plate, and the other end of one group of guide post is connected by guide post Plate is fixedly installed togather, and guide post can be transported with respect to guide and limit plate and upper mounted plate under the drive of release slider disc Dynamic.

Preferably, described body frame stable impact spring mechanism includes upper mounted plate and bottom plate, upper mounted plate and under Pass through a pack support sliding axle between fixed plate and connect formation body frame；It is cased with stablizing outer tube outside impact spring, in impact spring Side is cased with stablizing inner core, and the top stablizing outer tube and the top stablizing inner core are consolidated by upper fixed arm, upper fixed arm It is arranged on bracket slide axle.

For body frame stable impact spring mechanism, further, described bracket slide axle upper end is threaded, upper solid Fixed board and upper fixed arm are arranged on bracket slide axle so that upper mounted plate and upper fixed arm are in bracket slide by a pair of nut Position on axle is adjustable；The bottom stablizing outer tube is consolidated with lower fixed arm, lower fixed arm be also mounted on bracket slide axle and Can slide along bracket slide axle.

Preferably, described beater mechanism includes active impact unit and passive impact unit；

Active impact unit includes being enclosed within the slip shock plate slide on body frame stable impact spring mechanism, slip shock plate It is fixed in the connect base of hook relieving mechanism, the other end of impact spring withstands on slip shock plate upper surface；Slide and impact Plate lower surface is detachably provided with jump bit；

Passive impact unit includes being arranged on the lower floor's impact backing plate below bottom plate, and lower floor's impact backing plate is connect with ground Touch, lower floor impacts to be consolidated with backing plate and impacts backing plate through the upper strata of the through hole on bottom plate, removable on upper strata impact backing plate Unload and passive impact pole is installed.

For beater mechanism, further, the shock surface of described jump bit is cambered surface so that impact hammering blow passively rushes Hit during post is that point contacts with passive impact pole.

For beater mechanism, further, described lower floor impacts and is consolidated with vertical impact limit on the upper surface of backing plate Position post, impact limited post pass through bottom plate to lower floor impact backing plate carry out spacing so that in impact process lower floor impact backing plate Can only be along the axially-movable of impact limited post with respect to bottom plate.

Preferably, described traction compression mechanism includes towing bracket, and towing bracket is fixed on upper mounted plate, traction Wirerope-winding post is provided with frame, on wirerope-winding post, wirerope-winding post passes through change gear box to wirerope-winding Drive, change gear box provides power source by the rocking handle with anti-spigot.

The present invention compared with prior art, has the following technical effect that

() not electricity consumption, uses in the case of being easy to field non-transformer.

() volume is little, and weight is light, is easy to moving in ground observation and operates (general 2 people can move operation)

() impact velocity to be improved, should be manually hammer focus more than 3-4 times.

() impact energy to be improved, should be more than 5 times of artificial hammering, more than 2 times of heavy tamping.

Brief description

Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of shallow layer earthquake focus exploration instrument.

Fig. 2 is the structure enlarged diagram of the traction compression mechanism section in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the structure enlarged diagram linking up with relieving mechanism and beater mechanism part in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is upper fixed arm or the structural representation of lower fixed arm.

Fig. 5 is the part schematic diagram of impact spring.

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of upper mounted plate.

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of bottom plate.

Fig. 8 is the structural representation of slip slip shock plate.

Fig. 9 is the structure schematic top plan view of passive impact unit.

Figure 10 is the positive structure diagram of hook relieving mechanism.

Figure 11 is the right side structure schematic view of hook relieving mechanism.

Figure 12 is the present invention looks up structural representation at release slider disc position.

Figure 13 is the schematic diagram that hook relieving mechanism is in buckling state.

Figure 14 is the schematic diagram that hook relieving mechanism is in disengaged position.

Figure 15 is impact stroke and the instantaneous velocity figure of different focus.

Figure 16 is the ballistic work of different focus to impact stroke variation diagram.

The implication of each label of in figure is: 1- body frame stable impact spring mechanism, 2- impact spring, and 3- draws compressor Structure, 4- links up with relieving mechanism, 5- beater mechanism, 6- guide and limit plate.

(1-1)-upper mounted plate, (1-2)-bottom plate, (1-3)-through hole, (1-4)-bracket slide axle, (1-5)-stable Outer tube, (1-6)-stablize inner core, (1-7)-upper fixed arm, (1-8)-nut, (1-9)-lower fixed arm.

(3-1)-towing bracket, (3-2)-wirerope-winding post, (3-3)-steel wire rope, (3-4)-change gear box, (3- 5)-anti-spigot, (3-6)-rocking handle.

(4-1)-release support, (4-1-1)-rack plate, (4-1-2)-rack side plate, (4-2)-connect base, (4- 3)-release slider disc, (4-4)-support shaft, (4-5)-hook, (4-5-1)-hook head, (4-5-2)-hook handle, (4-6)-ear Plate, (4-7)-hanging scroll, (4-8)-stiff spring, (4-9)-release triggering hang plate, (4-10)-release triggering pulley, (4-11)- Back-moving spring fixed mount, (4-12)-back-moving spring, (4-13)-release sliding shoe, (4-14)-release sliding tray, (4-15)-release Put rail plate, (4-16)-guide post, (4-17)-guide post connecting plate, (4-18)-release sliding shoe limiting plate.

(5-1)-active impact unit, (5-2)-passive impact unit, (5-1-1)-slip shock plate, (5-1-2)-impact Hammer, (5-2-1)-lower floor impacts backing plate, and backing plate, (5-2-3)-passive impact pole, (5-2-4)-impact are impacted in (5-2-2)-upper strata Limited post.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, explanation is further explained in detail to the particular content of the present invention.

Specific embodiment

Defer to technique scheme, the specific embodiment of the present invention given below, it should be noted that the present invention not office It is limited to specific examples below, all equivalents done on the basis of technical scheme each fall within the protection model of the present invention Enclose.

Embodiment:

Defer to technique scheme, as shown in Fig. 1 to Figure 14, the present embodiment provides a kind of shallow layer earthquake focus exploration instrument, Including body frame stable impact spring mechanism 1, impact spring 2, traction compression mechanism 3, hook relieving mechanism 4 and beater mechanism 5；

Described beater mechanism 5 includes active impact unit 5-1 and passive impact unit 5-2；

One end of impact spring 2 is fixed on the lower surface of the upper mounted plate 1-1 of body frame stable impact spring mechanism 1, impact The other end of spring 2 withstands in active impact unit 5-1 of beater mechanism 5；

The lower end of hook relieving mechanism 4 is fixed in active impact unit 5-1, the rack plate 4- of hook relieving mechanism 4 1-1 is connected to traction compression mechanism 3 and stretches on the steel wire rope 3-3 of impact spring 2 internal cavities；

Described traction compression mechanism 3 is arranged on the upper surface of the upper mounted plate 1-1 of body frame stable impact spring mechanism 1, Traction compression mechanism 3 passes through the rack plate 4-1-1 of steel wire rope 3-3 traction hook relieving mechanism 4, and hook relieving mechanism 4 drives Active impact unit 5-1 rises and compression shock spring 2；

It is fixed with guide and limit plate 6, hook is released on body frame stable impact spring mechanism 1 in impact spring 2 internal cavities Release slider disc 4-3 of laying mechanism 4 is risen to be contacted with guide and limit plate 6 and no longer rises, and traction compression mechanism 3 continues traction and hangs The rack plate 4-1-1 of hook relieving mechanism 4, so that the hook 4-5 and hanging scroll 4-7 in hook relieving mechanism 4 departs from, actively impacts Unit 5-1 moves downward under impact spring 2 elastic force and self gravitation effect, impacts passive impact unit 5-2；

Described passive impact unit 5-2 is arranged on below the bottom plate 1-2 of body frame stable impact spring mechanism 1, quilt Dynamic impact unit 5-2 is directly contacted with ground, and the bottom plate 1-2 of body frame stable impact spring mechanism 1 is provided with through hole 1- 3, passive impact unit 5-2 is provided with the passive impact pole 5-2-3 protruding through hole 1-3, falls behind directly under active impact unit 5-1 Impact passive impact pole 5-2-3, impulsive force is conducted to ground by passive impact unit 5-2, form focus；

Described hook relieving mechanism 4 includes discharging support 4-1, connect base 4-2 and release slider disc 4-3；

Described release support 4-1 is the bottom including a rack plate 4-1-1 and two rack side plate 4-1-2 compositions Open frame support；The open lower end of release support 1-1 is provided with hook 4-5, support shaft 4- by support shaft 4-4 rotary type Between 4 two rack side plate 4-1-2 being fixedly arranged at release support 4-1 and parallel with rack plate 4-1-1；Described hook 4- 5 are divided into hook head 4-5-1 and hook handle 4-5-2, and the position that hook 4-5 is connected with hook handle 4-5-2 with hook head 4-5-1 is Center of rotation can rotate around support shaft 4-4；

A pair of otic placode 4-6 is provided with described connect base 4-2, hanging scroll 4-7 is installed between otic placode, hook 4-5 and Hanging scroll 4-7 is used in conjunction with each other, and hook 4-5 is capable of the fastening with hanging scroll 4-7 around in support shaft 4-4 rotary course and takes off From；

Described release slider disc 4-3 is enclosed within release support 4-1, and the rack side plate 4-1-2 of release support 4-1 passes through and releases Put slider disc 4-3, release slider disc 4-3 is hung on release support 4-1 so that discharging slider disc 4-3 energy by stiff spring 4-8 Enough slide along rack side plate 4-1-2；

Release slider disc 4-3 below rack plate 4-1-1 is entity card, releasing between a pair of brackets side plate 4-1-2 Put slider disc 4-3 lower surface and be consolidated with release triggering hang plate 4-9, the hook handle 4-5-2 end of hook 4-5 is provided with release and touches Send out pulley 4-10, release triggering pulley 4-10 with release triggering hang plate 4-9 inclined plane contact, discharge slider disc 4-3 along The upper limit position that release support 4-1 slides makes the inclined-plane discharging triggering pulley 4-10 and release triggering hang plate 4-9 keep not Depart from；

When discharging the upper limit position that slider disc 4-3 is located at release support 4-1, release triggering pulley 4-10 is located at release and touches Send out the bottom on the inclined-plane of hang plate 4-9, hook 4-5 and hanging scroll 4-7 snaps together；

When discharging slider disc 4-3 with respect to release support 4-1 slide downward, the inclined-plane of release triggering hang plate 4-9 squeezes So that hook 4-5 rotates around support shaft 4-4, hook 4-5 and hanging scroll 4-7 progressively disengages pressure release triggering pulley 4-10；

Back-moving spring fixed mount 4-11 is consolidated with described release support 4-1, back-moving spring fixed mount 4-11 connects There is one end of back-moving spring 4-12, the other end of back-moving spring 4-12 is connected on hook handle 4-5-2, and back-moving spring 4-12 makes Hook 4-5 can return to the original state fastening with hanging scroll 4-7 in time.

For hook relieving mechanism 4, further, described release slider disc 4-3 is provided with release sliding shoe 4-13, Release sliding tray 4-14, a pair of brackets side plate 4-1-2 both sides of described release support 4-1 are provided with release sliding shoe 4-13 It is provided with release rail plate 4-15 corresponding with discharging sliding tray 4-14, by discharging sliding tray 4-14 and release rail plate Cooperation between 4-15 is slided and is realized release slider disc 4-3 along the slip of release support 4-1；Arrange on rack plate 4-1-1 Have release sliding shoe limiting plate 4-18, release slider disc 4-3 along release support 4-1 slide into upper limit position when, release slide The top of block 4-13 withstands on release sliding shoe limiting plate 4-18 upper limit so that release triggering pulley 4-10 and release triggering tilt The inclined-plane of plate 4-9 keep without departing from.

For hook relieving mechanism 4, further, between described otic placode 4-6, rotary type is provided with hanging scroll 4-7, hook The face contacting with hanging scroll 4-7 on head 4-5-1 is in the cambered surface with the central axis of support shaft 4-4 as the center of circle.

For hook relieving mechanism 4, further, described release slider disc 4-3 is provided with one group of guide post 4-16 One end, the other end of one group of guide post 4-16 sequentially passes through guide and limit plate 6 and upper mounted plate 1-1, one group of guide post 4-16 The other end be fixedly installed togather by guide post connecting plate 4-17, guide post 4-16 release slider disc 4-3 drive under Can move with respect to guide and limit plate 6 and upper mounted plate 1-1.

Hook relieving mechanism 4 is the Primary Component of the instrument of the present embodiment, is also requirement on machining accuracy highest device.Its Effect has two, and one is so that traction compression mechanism 3 is connected by hook with active impact unit 5-1 of beater mechanism 5, to press Contracting impact spring 2, two be compressed to certain altitude after, be automatically releasable active impact unit 5-1.Hook relieving mechanism 4 is positioned over In impact spring 2, space is little, and in order to prevent from swinging and rotate, spy is provided with guide post and carrys out stable hook relieving mechanism 4.

Preferably, described body frame stable impact spring mechanism 1 includes upper mounted plate 1-1 and bottom plate 1-2, upper fixation Pass through a pack support sliding axle 1-4 between plate 1-1 and bottom plate 1-2 and connect formation body frame；It is cased with stable outside impact spring 2 Outer tube 1-5, is cased with inside impact spring 2 stablizing inner core 1-6, and the top stablizing outer tube 1-5 and the top stablizing inner core 1-6 are passed through Upper fixed arm 1-7 is consolidated, and upper fixed arm 1-7 is arranged on bracket slide axle 1-4.

It is fixed with guide and limit plate 6 on body frame stable impact spring mechanism 1 in impact spring 2 internal cavities, that is, guide Limiting plate 6 is fixed on the lower surface of stable inner core 1-6.

For body frame stable impact spring mechanism 1, further, described bracket slide axle 1-4 upper end is threaded, Upper mounted plate 1-1 and upper fixed arm 1-7 is arranged on bracket slide axle 1-4 by a pair of nut 1-8 so that upper mounted plate 1-1 Adjustable with position on bracket slide axle 1-4 for the upper fixed arm 1-7；The bottom stablizing outer tube 1-5 is consolidated with lower fixed arm 1-9, Lower fixed arm 1-9 is also mounted on bracket slide axle 1-4 and can slide along bracket slide axle 1-4.

Upper mounted plate 1-1 is the fixing point in upper end for the whole instrument, fixed traction compression mechanism 3 thereon, its lower fixation Impact spring 2, and carry impact spring 2 counteracting force before releasing.Upper mounted plate 5-1 is equilateral triangle structure, three The perforate of individual angular position is used for fixing three bracket slide axle 1-4, and plate center drilling makes steel wire rope 3-3 pass through.In impact spring 2 It is distributed three apertures in the range of footpath, and line style sliding bearing is installed, so that guide post 4-16 is slided in line style sliding bearing.

Bottom plate 1-2 is the fulcrum in lower end for the whole instrument, is disk structure.By three bracket slide axle 1-4 Link together with upper mounted plate 5-1, form a fixing entirety.Center has the big round tube hole 1-3 of a diameter of 182mm, and 3 holes are processed on the disk perimeter of bottom plate 1-2, for by impacting limited post 5-2-4, making lower floor impact backing plate 5-2- 1 can only move vertically.

Because impact spring 2 length ratio is larger, drift is 920mm, and central diameter 113mm is unstable during compression.For this reason, Body frame stable impact spring mechanism 1, impact spring 2 is in stable outer tube 1-5 and stablizes between inner core 1-6, generally, surely Determine outer tube 1-5 and be longer than stable inner core 1-6.With stablizing, a some holes is processed on inner core 1-6 stablizing outer tube 1-5, to reduce instrument weight Amount.

Preferably, described beater mechanism 5 includes active impact unit 5-1 and passive impact unit 5-2；

Active impact unit 5-1 includes being enclosed within the slip shock plate 5-1-1 slide on body frame stable impact spring mechanism 1, I.e. slip shock plate 5-1-1 is enclosed within and slides on bracket slide axle 1-4, and slip shock plate 5-1-1 is fixed on hook relieving mechanism 4 In connect base 4-2, the other end of impact spring 2 withstands on slip shock plate 5-1-1 upper surface；Slip shock plate 5-1-1 following table Face is detachably provided with jump bit 5-1-2；

Passive impact unit 5-2 includes being arranged on the lower floor impact backing plate 5-2-1 below bottom plate 1-2, and lower floor impacts Backing plate 5-2-1 is contacted with ground, and lower floor impacts the upper strata being consolidated with backing plate 5-2-1 through the through hole 1-3 on bottom plate 1-2 Impact backing plate 5-2-2, impact backing plate 5-2-2 in upper strata is detachably provided with passive impact pole 5-2-3.

For beater mechanism 5, further, the shock surface of described jump bit 5-1-2 is cambered surface so that impacting hammering blow It is that point contacts with passive impact pole 5-2-3 during passive impact pole.

For beater mechanism 5, further, the described upper surface of lower floor impact backing plate 5-2-1 is consolidated with vertical It is spacing that impact limited post 5-2-4, impact limited post 5-2-4 pass through bottom plate 1-2 that lower floor impact backing plate 5-2-1 is carried out, and makes Obtaining lower floor's impact backing plate 5-2-1 in impact process can only be along the axial direction fortune of impact limited post 5-2-4 with respect to bottom plate 1-2 Dynamic.

Slip shock plate 5-1-1 is triangular structure, is installed with three linear slide bearings, by linear slide axle Hold and so that slip shock plate 5-1-1 can be slided up and down in bracket slide axle 1-4.

Impact backing plate is circular plate type structure, is divided into lower floor impact backing plate 5-2-1 and upper strata impact backing plate 5-2-2, upper strata rushes Hit backing plate 5-2-2 to be enclosed among the through hole 1-3 of bottom plate 1-2, can move up and down.In lower floor, impact backing plate 5-2-1 fixes There are 3 impact limited post 5-2-4, impact the optional bearing steel of limited post 5-2-4 material.Limited post 5-2-4 is in bottom plate for impact Can slide up and down in the hole of 1-2.Jump bit 5-1-2 and passive impact pole 5-2-3 is consumable accessory, access times how after, may Can deform, parts replacement therefore to be had.

Preferably, described traction compression mechanism 3 includes towing bracket 3-1, and towing bracket 3-1 is fixed on upper mounted plate 1- On 2, towing bracket 3-1 is provided with wirerope-winding post 3-2, steel wire rope 3-3 is wrapped on wirerope-winding post 3-2, steel wire Rope winding post 3-2 is driven by change gear box 3-4, and change gear box 3-4 is provided by the rocking handle 3-6 with anti-spigot 3-5 Power source.

Wirerope-winding post 3-2 is 1:10 with the speed ratio of rocking handle 3-6 axle, and the rocking handle 3-6 radius of gyration is rocking handle 3-6 axle 10 times, therefore, rocking handle 3-6 applies power more than 5 kilograms can reach the power of 500 kgfs to carry out for compression shock spring 2 Energy storage.The girth 220mm of wirerope-winding post 3-2, wirerope-winding post 3-2 rotate 2.5 circles so that it may make the stiffness coefficient to be The impact spring 2 of 11n/mm realizes 500mm compression, stores elastic force 5500n, promotion-jump bit 5- after impact spring 2 release 1-2 accelerates to impact downwards, and vibration energy is imported the earth by high speed impact passive impact pole 5-2-3.

Basic operation requirement and points for attention:

A whether () wants inspection apparatus normal using front, it is loosening whether each several part screw has, and whether hook relieving mechanism 4 can Reset, whether the connection of steel wire rope 3-3 firm etc..

B () focal point is substantially smooth, if excited in loess, first process shot point solid, it is to avoid loose Directly use in loosened soil, prevent lower floor's impact backing plate 5-2-1 vertical displacement excessive, damage instrument.

C during () operation, instrument is upright, a people buttresses instrument in upper end, another people shakes rocking handle 3-6, and impact spring 2 carries Rise active impact unit 5-1, when release slider disc 4-3 linking up with relieving mechanism 4 touches guide and limit plate 6, arrive preparation Off-position, person will firmly help steady instrument to help instrument, keeps instrument vertical.Now, the shake speed of rocking handle 3-6 is slow, firmly Will be uniformly, it is to avoid rock, so that rocking handle 3-6 is in during release and rotate down position, person firmly helps surely until impact to help instrument Terminate.

D () is paid special attention to: in operation, any position of human body can not be in the underface of beater mechanism 5 it is ensured that operator Safety.

The shallow layer earthquake focus exploration instrument work process of the present invention is as described below:

When assembly of the invention is started working after installing, original state hook 4-5 and hanging scroll 4-7 is fastened on one Rise, shake rocking handle 3-6, so that wirerope-winding lives 3-2 rotation, drives steel wire rope 3-3 to rise, and steel wire rope drives release support 4- 1 rising, release slider disc 4-3 rises together with release support 4-1 under the drive of stiff spring 4-8, and impact spring 2 is not by Disconnected compressed energy-storage.

When release slider disc 4-3 linking up with relieving mechanism 4 touches guide and limit plate 6, arrive preparation off-position.Release The inclined-plane putting triggering pulley 4-10 and release triggering hang plate 4-9 remains without departing from now release slider disc 4-3 is located at and releases Put the upper limit position of support 4-1, release triggering pulley 4-10 is located at the bottom on the inclined-plane of release triggering hang plate 4-9, hook 4-5 is snapped together with hanging scroll 4-7；

Continue slow shake rocking handle 3-6, when discharging slider disc 4-3 with respect to release support 4-1 slide downward, release is touched Send out hang plate 4-9 inclined-plane extruding release triggering pulley 4-10 so that hook 4-5 around support shaft 4-4 rotate, hook 4-5 with Hanging scroll 4-7 progressively disengages, and finally completely disengages from.

Depart from hook 4-5 after connect base 4-2 together with slip shock plate 5-1-1 impact spring 2 elastic force and from So that jump bit 5-1-2 directly impacts passive impact pole 5-2-3, passive impact pole 5-2-3 will for impact downwards under body action of gravity Impulsive force is conducted to upper strata impact backing plate 5-2-2 and lower floor impact backing plate 5-2-1, lower floor impact backing plate 5-2-1 and ground successively Contact, impulsive force is conducted to ground by lower floor impact backing plate 5-2-1, forms focus.When jump bit 5-2-1 impacts passive impact After post 5-2-3, impact spring 2 elastic force does not release, and impact spring 2 still has lower pressure, it is possible to decrease jump bit 5-2-1's Secondary upspring and Secondary Shocks again, reduce aftershock, improve the quality of source signal.

Before release operation next time, reversely shake rocking handle 3-6, loosens steel wire rope 3-3, so that hook relieving mechanism 4 is declined. When hook 4-5 touches hanging scroll 4-7, push guide post 4-16, so that the hook head 4-5-1 of hook 4-5 is tilted, be in and hanging scroll The state that 4-7 departs from, then decline hook relieving mechanism 4 to bottom, and unclamp guide post 4-16, hook handle 4-5-2 is in reset bullet Rotation under the drive of spring 4-12, drives hook head 4-5-1 to rotate and near hanging scroll 4-7, finally makes hook 4-5 and hanging scroll 4-7 Snap together, complete hook operation, so can achieve repeatedly release shackle operation.

Specifically, compared to the prior art the product of the present embodiment has the advantage that:

A () this small product size is little, lightweight, highly 1.23 meters, 0.28 meter of diameter, and weight is about more than 40 kilogram, the side of moving Just, floor space is little, is conducive to operation under the conditions of with a varied topography, can be suitable for various operating modes.

B () this product fully takes into account the feature of field work, not electricity consumption or other power set, simple to operate, performance Safe and reliable.Rationally, 2 people's compact conformation are convenient to operation, and are suitable for onboard.

C () machinery repeated work error is little, relatively efficiently solve the problems, such as that existing conventional techniques concordance is poor.Focus Concordance refers to: in addition to the factor of ground, for exciting instrument, the impulsive force when exciting every time, impact velocity, impact side As the same as possible to, the geometry in Contact -impact face and size etc..

D () impact velocity and impulsive force increase exponentially compared with existing conventional techniques, have that excitation energy is big and high frequency is abundant Advantage.Impact energy is manually to hammer 8-10 times of focus, is nearly 2 times of weight pound seismic sources.Impact velocity is artificial and rams shake More than 4 times of source.As shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16, calculate and diagram be compared as follows:

A () 20 pounds of sledgehammers manually elevate 1.5 meters, freely falling body to ground instantaneous velocity is about 5 meter per seconds, and ballistic work is 1350kgf·cm.

B () 45 kilograms of big rammers hang high 2 meters, freely falling body to ground instantaneous velocity about 6 meter per seconds, ballistic work is about 9000kgf·cm.

4 kilograms of jump bits of (c) this product, 0.5 meter of impact stroke, the instantaneous velocity to impact backing plate is about 26 meter per seconds, punching Hit work(and be about 14220kgf cm.

E () can be effectively reduced the impact of multiple vibrations.After jump bit 5-2-1 impacts passive impact pole 5-2-3, Impact spring 2 elastic force does not release, and impact spring 2 still has lower pressure, it is possible to decrease jump bit 5-2-1 secondary upspring and Secondary Shocks again, reduce aftershock, improve the quality of source signal.

F () this product can put into cheap, performance as the seismic prospecting special focus instrument detecting all kinds of shallow-layer geological problems Superior, especially solve the problems, such as near building and population distribution closeer region source signal obtains hardly possible.The present invention can To substitute traditional shallow layer earthquake focus exploration, exploration effects can be effectively improved, have a good application prospect.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of shallow layer earthquake focus exploration instrument it is characterised in that: include body frame stable impact spring mechanism (1), impact spring (2), traction compression mechanism (3), hook relieving mechanism (4) and beater mechanism (5)；

Described beater mechanism (5) includes active impact unit (5-1) and passive impact unit (5-2)；

One end of impact spring (2) is fixed on the lower surface of the upper mounted plate (1-1) of body frame stable impact spring mechanism (1), punching The other end hitting spring (2) withstands in the active impact unit (5-1) of beater mechanism (5)；

The lower end of hook relieving mechanism (4) is fixed in active impact unit (5-1), the rack plate of hook relieving mechanism (4) (4-1-1) it is connected to traction compression mechanism (3) to stretch on the steel wire rope (3-3) of impact spring (2) internal cavities；

Described traction compression mechanism (3) is arranged on the upper table of the upper mounted plate (1-1) of body frame stable impact spring mechanism (1) Face, the rack plate (4-1-1) of steel wire rope (3-3) traction hook relieving mechanism (4) is passed through in traction compression mechanism (3), and hook is released Laying mechanism (4) drives active impact unit (5-1) to rise and compression shock spring (2)；

Guide and limit plate (6) is fixed with body frame stable impact spring mechanism (1) in impact spring (2) internal cavities, hook The release slider disc (4-3) of relieving mechanism (4) is risen to be contacted with guide and limit plate (6) and no longer rises, traction compression mechanism (3) The rack plate (4-1-1) of continuation traction hook relieving mechanism (4) is so that link up with the hook (4-5) in relieving mechanism (4) and extension Axle (4-7) departs from, and active impact unit (5-1) moves downward under impact spring (2) elastic force and self gravitation effect, impacts quilt Dynamic impact unit (5-2)；

Described passive impact unit (5-2) is arranged on the bottom plate (1-2) of body frame stable impact spring mechanism (1) below, Passive impact unit (5-2) is directly contacted with ground, and the bottom plate (1-2) of body frame stable impact spring mechanism (1) is upper to be arranged There is through hole (1-3), passive impact unit (5-2) is provided with the passive impact pole (5-2-3) protruding through hole (1-3), actively impacts Fall behind under unit (5-1) and directly impact passive impact pole (5-2-3), impulsive force is conducted to ground by passive impact unit (5-2), Form focus；

Described hook relieving mechanism (4) includes release support (4-1), connect base (4-2) and release slider disc (4-3)；

Described release support (4-1) be form including a rack plate (4-1-1) and two rack side plates (4-1-2) under The open frame support in portion；The open lower end of release support (4-1) is provided with hook (4-5) by support shaft (4-4) rotary type, Support shaft (4-4) be fixedly arranged at release support (4-1) two rack side plates (4-1-2) between and with rack plate (4-1-1) Parallel；Described hook (4-5) is divided into hook head (4-5-1) and hook handle (4-5-2), and hook (4-5) is with hook head (4-5-1) The position being connected with hook handle (4-5-2) can rotate around support shaft (4-4) for center of rotation；

A pair of otic placode (4-6) is provided with described connect base (4-2), hanging scroll (4-7) is installed between otic placode, link up with (4- 5) it is used in conjunction with each other with hanging scroll (4-7), hook (4-5) is capable of and hanging scroll (4- around in support shaft (4-4) rotary course 7) fastening and disengaging；

Described release slider disc (4-3) is enclosed within release support (4-1), and the rack side plate (4-1-2) of release support (4-1) is worn Cross release slider disc (4-3), release slider disc (4-3) hangs over release support (4-1) above so that releasing by stiff spring (4-8) Put slider disc (4-3) to slide along rack side plate (4-1-2)；

Release slider disc (4-3) below rack plate (4-1-1) is entity card, between a pair of brackets side plate (4-1-2) Release slider disc (4-3) lower surface is consolidated with release triggering hang plate (4-9), hook handle (4-5-2) the end peace of hook (4-5) Equipped with release triggering pulley (4-10), release triggering pulley (4-10) is contacted with the inclined plane of release triggering hang plate (4-9), releases Put slider disc (4-3) and make release triggering pulley (4-10) and release triggering along release support (4-1) upper limit position that slides The inclined-plane of hang plate (4-9) keep without departing from；

When discharging the upper limit position that slider disc (4-3) is located at release support (4-1), release triggering pulley (4-10) is located at release The bottom on the inclined-plane of triggering hang plate (4-9), hook (4-5) is snapped together with hanging scroll (4-7)；

When discharging slider disc (4-3) with respect to release support (4-1) slide downward, the inclined-plane of release triggering hang plate (4-9) Extruding release triggering pulley (4-10) is so that hook (4-5) is around support shaft (4-4) rotation, hook (4-5) and hanging scroll (4-7) Progressively disengage；

Back-moving spring fixed mount (4-11) is consolidated with described release support (4-1), back-moving spring fixed mount (4-11) connects It is connected to one end of back-moving spring (4-12), the other end of back-moving spring (4-12) is connected on hook handle (4-5-2), back-moving spring (4-12) make hook (4-5) that the original state fastening with hanging scroll (4-7) can be returned in time.

2. shallow layer earthquake focus exploration instrument as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that: in described release slider disc (4-3) Release sliding shoe (4-13) is installed, release sliding shoe (4-13) is provided with release sliding tray (4-14), described release is propped up A pair of brackets side plate (4-1-2) both sides of frame (4-1) are provided with release rail plate (4- corresponding with discharging sliding tray (4-14) 15), realize release slider disc (4-3) by discharging the cooperation slip between sliding tray (4-14) and release rail plate (4-15) Slip along release support (4-1)；Release sliding shoe limiting plate (4-18) is provided with rack plate (4-1-1), release is slided Moving plate (4-3) along release support (4-1) slide into upper limit position when, release sliding shoe (4-13) top withstand on release slide Block limiting plate (4-18) upper limit is so that release triggering pulley (4-10) is kept not with the inclined-plane of release triggering hang plate (4-9) Depart from.

3. shallow layer earthquake focus exploration instrument as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that: between described otic placode (4-6) rotate Formula is provided with hanging scroll (4-7), and the upper face contacting with hanging scroll (4-7) of hook head (4-5-1) is in the central axis of support shaft (4-4) Cambered surface for the center of circle.

4. shallow layer earthquake focus exploration instrument as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that: in described release slider disc (4-3) One end of one group of guide post (4-16) is installed, the other end of one group of guide post (4-16) sequentially pass through guide and limit plate (6) and Upper mounted plate (1-1), the other end of one group of guide post (4-16) is fixedly installed togather by guide post connecting plate (4-17), leads Can transport with respect to guide and limit plate (6) and upper mounted plate (1-1) under the drive of release slider disc (4-3) to bar (4-16) Dynamic.

5. shallow layer earthquake focus exploration instrument as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that: described body frame stable impact coiling machine Structure (1) includes upper mounted plate (1-1) and bottom plate (1-2), passes through one between upper mounted plate (1-1) and bottom plate (1-2) Pack support sliding axle (1-4) connects formation body frame；It is cased with stablizing outer tube (1-5) outside impact spring (2), in impact spring (2) Side is cased with stablizing inner core (1-6), and the top stablizing outer tube (1-5) and the top stablizing inner core (1-6) are by upper fixed arm (1-7) It is consolidated, upper fixed arm (1-7) is arranged on bracket slide axle (1-4).

6. shallow layer earthquake focus exploration instrument as claimed in claim 5 it is characterised in that: on described bracket slide axle (1-4) End is threaded, and upper mounted plate (1-1) and upper fixed arm (1-7) are arranged on bracket slide axle (1- by a pair of nut (1-8) 4) above so that upper mounted plate (1-1) and upper fixed arm (1-7) position on bracket slide axle (1-4) is adjustable；Stablize outer tube (1-5) bottom is consolidated with lower fixed arm (1-9), and lower fixed arm (1-9) is also mounted on bracket slide axle (1-4) and can Slide along bracket slide axle (1-4).

7. shallow layer earthquake focus exploration instrument as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that: described beater mechanism (5) includes master Dynamic impact unit (5-1) and passive impact unit (5-2)；

Active impact unit (5-1) includes being enclosed within the upper slip shock plate (5-1- sliding of body frame stable impact spring mechanism (1) 1), slip shock plate (5-1-1) be fixed on hook relieving mechanism (4) connect base (4-2) on, impact spring (2) another End withstands on slip shock plate (5-1-1) upper surface；Slip shock plate (5-1-1) lower surface is detachably provided with jump bit (5-1- 2)；

Passive impact unit (5-2) includes being arranged on bottom plate (1-2) lower floor's impact backing plate (5-2-1) below, and lower floor rushes Hit backing plate (5-2-1) to contact with ground, lower floor's impact backing plate (5-2-1) is consolidated with through the through hole on bottom plate (1-2) (1-3) upper strata impact backing plate (5-2-2), upper strata impact backing plate (5-2-2) is detachably provided with passive impact pole (5-2- 3).

8. shallow layer earthquake focus exploration instrument as claimed in claim 7 it is characterised in that: described jump bit (5-1-2) rushes Face of hitting is cambered surface so that impacting during the passive impact pole of hammering blow is that point contacts with passive impact pole (5-2-3).

9. shallow layer earthquake focus exploration instrument as claimed in claim 7 it is characterised in that: described lower floor impact backing plate (5-2- 1) vertical impact limited post (5-2-4) is consolidated with upper surface, impact limited post (5-2-4) passes through bottom plate (1-2) Lower floor's impact backing plate (5-2-1) is carried out spacing so that lower floor's impact backing plate (5-2-1) is with respect to bottom plate in impact process (1-2) can only be along the axially-movable of impact limited post (5-2-4).

10. shallow layer earthquake focus exploration instrument as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that: described traction compression mechanism (3) bag Include towing bracket (3-1), towing bracket (3-1) is fixed on upper mounted plate (1-1), and towing bracket (3-1) is provided with steel wire Rope winding post (3-2), steel wire rope (3-3) is wrapped on wirerope-winding post (3-2), and wirerope-winding post (3-2) passes through speed change Gear-box (3-4) drives, and change gear box (3-4) provides power source by the rocking handle (3-6) with anti-spigot (3-5).